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fflOPCKIH 



THE NAN/AL RECORDS 



VOL. XIX, JV21/2 
54 



MOPCKIH 3AnHCKH 



THE NAVAL RECORDS 



H3^aBaeMbiH OGinecTBoivn. 
0(J)HncpoBi» PocciiicKaro 
IlMiiepaTopcKaro <I>jiOTa 

B1> AMCpiIK-B 

iiojjt, pe^aKqien 
Ct. JleiiT. Bap. I*. H. TAYEE 

465, JICKCHHITOHT, aBeHH> 

Hi.io-lopK i,, C.III.A. 



Published by the Association 

of Russian Imperial 

Naval Officers 

in America, Inc. 

G. N. Taube, Editor. 

465 Lexington Avenue, 
New York 17, N. Y., U.S.A. 



VOL. XIX, N° 1/2 - (54) Price $3.oo yearly 



June 1961 



COflEP>KAHIE : 

Op. 

KaiiHTaiii 1-ro panra 
M. A. KnTHHMiii 

I. II. TaySe 3 

Mob nocnoMnnairm Kaunraiit 1-ro 
panra M. A. Kirrniibiiii 

M. A. IOnaiioBi 24 

atyTKie jnn... 

Aronin 'lepiiOMopcitaro ipjioia 

jl. B. ITipaM'ienKo 41 

li.ihniic nporpecca Tcximicn na 
lini'iino-MopcKyio Hjcojioriio. 

IIpocp. A. JI. ByoiioBi 81 

BHD,e-ajiarpaH> A. II. Ili'iienmn, 
COnwTTi 6iorpacpiH) Upojonseme 
KoiiTp^-aflMnpajii B. II. .HyflopoBT. 88 
U:n. Ilponuiaro. 

M. M. Twjepi 120 

Boenuo-MopcKiH jiScTBifl in. lepiiOMi 
Mopt bo 2-K) MipoByio Boiliiy. 
IIpoflOJijKeHie. 

II. A. BapHeKi, 126 

BocnoMHHaHifl. 

J. I. SaparaHi. 146 

9CK. MBHOHOCeUl "IlOEHKl" 

IIpojo.iHieme 

II. B. KeMapoKiii 148 

KoiiTpi-ajiMHpajii B. A. BMhKHUKifi 
II. A. BapiieKi 165 

1. HoBOe CoBtTCKOMl (fj-IOTi 

2. O03OPT) COCTOfllUH C.OBpeMeiIHHSl> 
(pJIOTOBT). 

K. (fiom. HoToeKi, 167 

Biifi.iiorpaipiH. 

1. HopMaiucKaa Teppia 

2. MopcKoii cnpaiHi'imiKi, 
Weyers Flottentaschenbuch 
na lilCl r. 

3. L'enigme des sous-marins 
Sovietiques 

Lieut, de Vaisseau Clode Huah . . 177 



CONTENTS : 

Page 

Captain M. A. Kitizin 

by C. N. Taube 3 

My recollections 
about Captain Kitizin 

by M. A. Younakov 24 

Days of terror... 

The agony of the Black Sea Fleet 

by J. V. Shramchenko 41 

The influence of Technical progress 
on the conception of naval strategy 

by Prof. A. D. Bubnov 81 

Vice- Admiral A. I. Nepenin 
(an essay in biography) Continued. 
by Rear-Admiral B. P. Doudoroff 88 
Out of the past. 

by M. M. Tieder 120 

Naval actions on the Black Sea 
during the Second World War, 
Continued. 

by P. A. Warneck 126 

Recollections. 

by D. J. Daragan 146 

Destroyer "Novik" (Continued). 

by N. V. Kemarsky 148 

Rear-Admiral Vilkitsky 

by P. A. Warneck 165 

Latest information about the 

USSR Navy. 

by Lt. Cmdr. K. von Nottbeck . . 1 67 

Bibliography 

1 . Theory of the origin of Northern 
ancient Russia. 

2. Weyers Flottentaschenbuch 
for 1961. 

3 L'Enigme des sous-marins 

Sovietiques 
by Clode Huah. F. N 177 



ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 

by 

The Association of Russian Imperial Naval Officers 

in America, Inc. 

New York, N. Y. 



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nOTepjUIH CBH3b C"b MOpCKOH CeMbeft. BTd Hbro-PlopK-B, OT/iaTb 

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hhuh ajih 9toh utwin, yKa3aB-b, hto to, 4T0 6y,n,erb HanncaHo, 
He aojimho HBHTbca cyxoft Siorpacpieft o npoxoKAeHiH c/iy>K6bi, 

a AOJDKHO ^aTb HpKyiO KapTHHy, KaKHlWb SblJTb Mhx. AjieKC. BTa 



JKH3HH, ero xapaKTepHCTHKy Kaicb nejiOBtKa, 6oeBoro ocpHuepa, 
BocnHTaTe^H MOJiOAewn, aAMHHHCTpaTopa h t. n. Bet cb totob- 

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jio. Hues o CTaTbt npoAOJUKa,/ia Bbi3i>iBaTb Bceo6m.ee OAo6peHie, 
ho wejiaromHx-b B3HTbCH ee HanHcaTb He HaxoAH^ocb. Oahh yna- 

3biBajiH npeAJioroMT, 0TKa3a HeAOCTaToicb BpeiweHH, Apyrie 

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KHTHUbIHT> BO OjIOpHAt, 1960 l\ 



Kyio-HH6yAb Apyryio npHMHHy. Hanajio noxoAHTb Ha to, hto no- 
pbiBij bhaoxch. KorAa h oSpaTHjrb Ha 3to BHHMaHie, to oahhtj 
H3"b HHRHiaTopoB-b CKasa.n'b: «A noneiviy 6u BaMi? He HanHcaTb 

CTaTbK)? Bbl peAaKTOp-b, BaiVTb H KHHrH BT> pyKH». H OTB-BTH^-b, 

mto MnxaHJia AjieKcaHApoBHna noHTH hto He 3Ha,ji-b, no cjiy^Gt 

HHKOrAa Cb HHlWb He BCTptiMajICH, H MOe 3HaKOMCTBO Cb HHMT. 
OrpaHHHHBaeTCH HtCKOJIbKHMH MtCHUaMH COBM"BCTHOH pa60TbI, 

KorAa ocHOBbiBajiocb MopcKoe OSmecrBO, h hto, He hmTdH noA"b 
py.KQH MaTepbHJiOBij, mh-b TpyAHO 6yAerb HTO-Hn6yAb HanHcaTb. 



Bee we, co3HaBan, mto B-b cnywa-E Moero OTKa3a, CTaTba naiwaTH 
Mhx. AjieKC. HHKorAa B-b iwopcKOH neqaTH He noaBHTca, a B-b 

KOHU-fe KOHUOBTj yrOBOpHJICH. 0"Tb H-feKOTOpblX-b HJieHOB-b O-Ba 

a noiiyHHji-h H-fecKOJibKO nHceiwb, Koe-KaKia BocnoMHHaHia Mhx. 
A^eKC, nowejiama, yKa3aHia h Apyrie MaTepbajibi, Ha ocHOBamH 
KOTopbix-b HH^ecji-BAViomee h HanncaHO. 

Mh-b xoneTca noSjiaroAapHTb K. J\. 3axapMeHKO, M. A. K)Ha- 
KOBa, n. E. CToroBa, K. OeaopoBa, Y. M. Becejiaro. A. <t>. PyM- 
iwejia, C. C. AKcaKOBa, H. H. PoAioHOBa, C. B. DiaAKaro h K). B. 
CojioBbeBa, 6e3"b noiwomH KOTopuxt mh-b He npeACTaBHJiocb 6bi 

B03MO)KHbIM'b COCTaBHTb 9Ty CTaTbK). 



MnxaHJi-b AjieKcaHApoBH^-b Khthuhhi poAHJica 17 ceHTa- 
6pa (c.c.) 1885 r. B-b MepHHroB-fe. Oreivb ero, A. A. KHTHHbiH-b 
6bwb ToBapHiu.eM'b IlpoKypopa bt> MepHHroBCKOM"b OKpyjKHoiwb 
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PHKOMTj, BO (JWIOTB He CJiyjKH./I'b H HHKaKOrO COnpHKOCHOBeHiH 

cb MopcKofl cjiy)K6ofl He Hiwfevrb. 

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bhmtj, — cb caiwaro paHHaro A"kTCTBa MopcKaa Kapbepa 6bijia 
Moeft cTpacTHoft MeHToft, MopcKaa jiHTepaiypa 6biJia MarHHTOiwb, 
h a TaKt sarHnHOTHSHpoBa^-b ce6a h bcbxtj mohxtj ceMeftHbix'b 
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comh-ehm btj Moefl AajibH^HiHeft Kapbep-B». Bt> 1899 roAy, npn 
nepexoA"fe Bt 4-hh K-ziaccb rHMHa3iH, iwoa MaTb noBe3Jia MeHH 
btj neTep6ypri> Ha SKsaivieHbi. nepeA"b 3K3aivieHaMH mh hocbthjih 
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npa3AHOBaHie 200-ji'feTHaro K>6ujien ocHOBaHia MopcKoro Kop- 
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6h6ji\k>. 3a cboh pobhmh xapaKTepb., BMAep>KKy h AoSpoTy Mh- 

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HOK/taCCHHKaMH». 

nocji-BAHifl voKh npe6biBaHiH bt> Kopnycfe 6bijib> ajih Mhx. 
AjieKC. roAOMb pa30HapoBamH — ao npoH3BOACTBa 6mjio eine 

AO^rO, T+jMIj BpeMeHeMb) BOHHa, Kb KOTOpOH OHb MMCJieHHO noA- 

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BOACTBa. HaKOHeub, 21 cpeBpajin 1905 r., bTj UapcKOMb. Ceji-fe, 



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H3BOACTBOMb BT> MHHMaHbl. 

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BTopoft TpeTH BbinycKa. 



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Aa h AajibHtHLueH »h3hh, y mchh BcerAa 6hjih n^aHbi Ha nepe- 
m%hh. /Jojiro h He Monb cnoKOHHo CHA"BTb Ha m-bctb h BcerAa 
CTpeMHJiCH KyAa-Hti6yab BnepeAb^. 

3to noATBepMAaeTCH cb nepBbixT> roAOBb. ero cjiy)K6bi: no- 
ca-fe npoH3BOACTBa Mhx. Ajienc. nonajib. B"b JlnSaBy Ha «OTpHAb 
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apreHTHHCKHXb. h HH^iHCKHXTs KpeftcepoBb.. BcKop-B 3Ta aBaHTK)- 
pa -lonHyjia, h Mhx. Ajienc. 6bi./ib orapaBjieHb. cb aiuejiOHOMb. 
MaTpocoB-b Bis Xa6apoBCKb>, Ha AMypcKyio p^MHyio (jmothjijio, h 
njiaBa^b. Ha «TyHry3'fe» bt> TaTapcKOivrb npojiHB-fe. Flo 3aiuiK)HeHiH 
BecHoft 1906 r. nepeMHpia ct> nnoHuaMH, 6ajrriHCKie otJ)HU.epbi 
obMH Bbi3BaHbi bo BjiaAHBocroKb. ajih nonoJiHeHia cocTaBa ko- 
paSjiefl, HHTepHHpoBaHHbixb. Bb HeHTpa^bHbix-b nopTaxb. nocji-fe 
HtKOToparo npoMeAJiema, bo BpeMH KOToparo Mhx. A;ieKC. mia- 

Bajlb Ha HOMepHblXb. MHHOHOCU.aX'b, OHTj Ha «AjIMa3'B» Bbimeji-b 

Bb> CaHroHT>, rA"B Swjib. Ha3HaweHb. Ha Kpeftcepb «Ojierb» a-ah 
cjitAOBaHiH Bb. BajmRcKoe Mope, Kyaa h npH6bijrb Bb anp-bji-fe 
1906 roAa. 

JI-bto 1906 r. Mhx. Ajiexc. njiaBa^ib Ha KpeHcep-fe «KpeHcep"b» 
cb yneHHKaMH cTpoeBHMH KBapTHpiweHCTepaMH, a oceHbio 6bijn> 
na3HaMeHb Ha MHHHyio AHBH3iio h HaxoAHJicH Bb. UapcKoft oxpa- 
Ht bt> 6yxT"b LLlTaHAaprb. Bb 1907 r. Mhx. Ajickc. njiaBajrb Ha 
3ck. mhh. «BypHbiH» h «AMypeu/b». 

OAHOo6pa3ie Hanaro onHTb yrHeTaTb Mhx. Ajickc. FlonbiTKa 
nocTynHTb Bb apTHJiJiepiHCKift Kjiaccb He yAaaacb. «fl Hanajib. 
CKyqaTb, — BcnoMHHaeTi> Mhx. AjieKC, — xorfejiocb onHTb bt> 
AaJibHie Kpaa, a 3arpaHHMHbiH njiaBaHiH Shjih coKpameHH. Oeraji- 
ch 0AHHb> BbixoAb: H3b. JlH6aBH eiKeroAHO BbixoAHJfb TpaHcnoprb 
«Bai<aHb» Ha oxpaHy pbi6Hbixb> npoMbioiOBb. Bb> C'BBepHOM'b Jle- 
AOBHTOMb OKeaHb, h h nepeBe/icH TyAa. Bb. ^HBap-B 1908 roAa 
«BaKaHb» Bbiiuejib) H3i> JIn6aBbi. IlepBaH ocTaHOBKa 6bijia bt> Ko- 
neHrareH'fe, rA"B Ha peHA"B eroHJia HMneparopcKaH HXTa «riojiHp- 
huh 3Bb3Aa», hu KOTopyw mu 6ujih npHiviaiiieHbi Kb. uaio h npeA- 



CTaBJieHbi HMnepaTpHut Mapin 4>eoAopoBH-b h cecTpt ea aH- 
ivriAcKoft Kopo^eBt A./ieKcaHAP'fe. 3aT-BMi. irfejibifi Mtcairb mh 
hum BHyTpeHHHM-b (papBaTepoM-b BAOJib caiwaro xpe6Ta «CKaHAH- 
HaBCKaro MeAB'fcAH», no HOHaiwb CTaHOBncb Ha HKopb cpeAH no- 

CTOHHHOH nOJIHpHOH HOHH, CBBepHarO CJHHifl, H npHUIJIH B"b AjieK- 

caHApoBCK-b, Hauiy 6a3y. flocji-fe oMCHb HHTepecHaro njiaBamH 
«BaKaH-b» btd HOflSpt 1909 roAa BepHyjicH B"b JlnSaBy, n 6bi,Tb 
3aHHCJieH-b B-b noABOAHbie KJiaccbi h, 3aKOHHHB-b roAOBoA xypcb 
iukojim, K-b KOHuy 1910 roAa noJiynHjrb 3BaHie noABOAHaro ocpH- 
uepa h nonpocHJiCH B-b HepHoe Mope». 

Bt> CeBacTonoji-fe Mhx. Ajienc. 6uji-b Ha3HaMeH-b noMonrHH- 
komt> KOMaHAHpa Ha noAB. viOAKy «CyAaKi>». FIomth mto oaho- 
BpeMeHHO Mhx. AjieKC. 6biji-b npoH3BeAeH-b no jihhjh btd JieHTe- 

HaHTbl. 

n. E. CxoroB-b BcnoMHHaeT'b: «C-b Mhx. AjieKC. a BCTptTHJicn 
onaTb qepe3"b mecTb ji-bttj nocji'fc BbinycKa. KaK-b h paHbiue, eiviy 
HHKorAa He cHAtjiocb Ha m'bct'b, ohi BcerAa 6huvh B"b ABHJKemH. 
BapbiiuHH Ha3biBa^iH ero «HenocfeAOH». no CBoeft 3acrEHMHBocTH 

OH"b, B"b KOMnaHJH Ch AaMaMH H 6apbILUHHMH 6o^buje MOJIHajTb. 
OAHa)KAt>I OHT> npeA^IOJKHJI'b MH-B nOHTH Ch HHMT) Ha OAHO H3T3 

yMe6Hbix-b norpymeHift, htoSh h Morb o3HaKOMHTbCH cb pacnojio- 
iKenieM-b npH6opoB-b h iwarnHH-b Ha MajieHbKofi jioak-b, kotopoh 
oht> KOMaHAOBajii). MepesTj HtKOTopoe BpeMfl mh-b yaajiocb boc- 
nojib30BaTbCH ero npHrjiameHiewcb. FIoABOAHaH ./ioAKa, noMHK), 
nopa3Hjia MeHH cbohmh MajibiMH pasM-fepaiviH h 6oJibUJHM'b kojih- 

MeCTBOMTj H3M'fepHTe,JIbHbIX-b npHSopOBTj. Bee Ka3aJIOCb T'BCHblM'b 

h HenoHHTHbiMij. B-b to BpeMH jioakh eme He HintjiH paAioTejie- 
rpacpa, HaABOAnaa CHrHajiH3aiiia Bejiacb onTHHecKHMH npn6opa- 

MH, a nOAt BOAOH CBH3H BOBCe He 6bl^0. H nOHHJTb, WTO Cb HC- 

nbiTaHJHMH HHAyKujoHHaro Tejierpacpa HaAO eme o6o>KAaTb h pt- 

IHHJI-b, WTO 9TOT"b nOXOA"b AaCTb MHT3 B03MOJKHOCTb 03HaKOMHTb- 

ca, KaKHiwb KOMaHAHpoMi. oKajKeTCH Haiwh «CTpaTerb». Pe3yjib- 
TaTbi npeB3ouuiH moh oKHAamH, Mhx. Ajienc. oKa3ajiCH hckjiio- 
MHTejibHo cnoKofiHbiM'b, pacnopfOKeHia oTAaBajit, He noBbiwaH 
roaoca. KoiwaHAa 6bijia xopoujo oSyweHa h noBTopHTb npHKa3a- 
Hia He npHXOAHJiocb. Mhx. Ajickc., KaK"b Jiio6e3HbiH xo3hhht>, 
ropAHBUiiflcH CBoeft jioakoh, xorbji-b noKa3aTb mh-b «KpacoTy 
noABOAHofl jioakh». nepeA"b caMbiiwh norpy>KeHieMT5 OH-b CKa3a;rb 
MHt: «Xony noKa3aTb Te6;b HCKJHOMHTC/ibHO KpacHByio KapTHHy, 
KOTopyro Tbi HHKorAa He 3a6yAeuib». JIoAKa Hawajia MeA^eHHO 
norpy>KaTbCH h CTpyn mejiKHX'b B03AynJHbix-b uiapHKOBi> OKy- 

8 



THBaJiH ee, noAMMaacb na noBepxHOCTb. BneMaiviBHie 6bijio, hto 
aoAKa norpywaeTca B"b rpoMaAHbifi 6oKa,/iB iuaivinaHCKaro. Ub-etb 
BOAbi bb HepHOMij Mopt h ny3bipbKH, CTpeMHinieca KBepxy, OT- 
A+wiaacb orb Kopnyca .hoakh, npeAeraBjiajiH co6oft He3a6biBae- 
Myio KapTHHy. Bb nocnBACTBiH a ySBAHjica, hto AaJieKO He bcb 

KOMaHAHpbl, Aa)Ke 6o.flbUJHXB JIOAOICb, SblJIH CTOJIb CnOKOHHblMH 

fokb Mhx. AjieKc, a TaKoro «no3Ta» KaKB. ohb>, cpeAH hhxb a 

He BCTpBMaJTb». 

Hepe3B> 10 MBcu,eBB> nocjiB nepeBOAa b-b MepHoe Mope Mhx. 
A.ieKC. y*e KOMaHAOBajrB «CyAaKOM'b» ) ho ktj STOMy BpeiweHH 
ei«y y>Ke onaTb He cHA"Bviocb Ha mbcte. TorAa ohb HaMBTHJi"b 
ce6s n^aHt A'BHCTBift: pbihhbb oceHbio 1913 roAa nocTynHTb bb> 
HHKOJiaeBCKyjo MopcKyio AKaAeMiro TeHepajibHaro LLh-aSa, ohb 
npocHjiB ocBo6oAHTb ero otb KOMaHAOBama noABOAHofl jioakh 

H 6bITb Ha3HaHeHHbIMTj Ha OAHy H3B> KaHOHepCKHX"b JIOAOKTa BT> 

sarpaHHMHoe njmBaHie, mto6h HMBTb BpeMa noAroTOBHTbca kb 
aK3aMeHaMB>. Ero npocb6a nojiyMHJia 6jiaronpia™oe p-femeHie h 
bb aHBap'fe 1912 roAa ohb 6ujii> Ha3HaqeHB Ha KaHOHepcKyro 
.lOAKy «ypajieu"b», 6biBuiyio CTauioHepoMB bb nnpcfe. Bb Cpe- 
AH3eMHOM'b Mopt bb 9to BpeMH 6bijio HecnoKoftHO — rpeuia, 
Bo;irapia, MepHoropia h Cep6ia Shjih bb bohh-b cb Typuiefl, h 
«ypajieuB» HaxoAHJica bb MopaxB>, cjiywHBiHHXB TeaTpoiwb boh- 
hh. n^aBaHie Bee *e 6hjio aoct3tomho HHTepecHbiMB: «ypa^eu,Tj» 
nocBTHJiB AcpOHB, CaJioHHKH h BeHeuiio. 

Bb> aBrycrE 1913 r. Mhx. AjieKC. Ha napoxoA'k nepe3B> OAec- 
cy Bbiiue./i'b bb Pocciio. Bb rieTep6ypr'B ohb> ycntniHO BbiAepwajiB 
SK3aMeH-b h 6bijrb npHHaTB Ha MJiaAiuift Kypcb AKaAeMin. «Ha- 
rpy3Ka pa6oTbi B-b AKaAeiwiH, — BcnoMHHaeTB Mhx. Ajienc, — ■ 
6hvia npe3BbmaftHo Taaejia, ho bb to >Ke BpeMa TaKB HHTepecHa 
H njioAOTBopHa, mto a HHKorAa bb >kh3hh He Morb ea 3a6biTb; 
MyBCTBOBajiocb KaKib M03TH npocB-fcTJiaiOTca, Bbipa6aTbiBaeTca 
CHCTeiwa pauioHa^ibHaro noAxoAa ktd pa3,/iHMHbiMB> npoSjieMaiwb 
h, KaK-b oahhij h3t> mohxb co-c.7iyuiaTe,/ieH 3aMBTH,rb, «6oiocb, 
mto mm bcb A"fejiaeMca OTA"BJibHOH KacToft». JIbtomb mh nojiy- 

H3./IH KOMaHAHpOBKH Ha MBCTB H3_VHHTb h onHcaTb pa3JIHWHbie 

pafloHbi npeAnojiaraBUJHxea TeaTpoBB bohhh. 3th KOMaHAHpoB- 

KH BBJiaJIHCb npiaTHbIMB KOHTpaCTOMB H OTAblXOMB. MhB, COB- 

mbctho cb ApyrHMH c^yiuaTejiaMH, AOCTa,/iocb onncaTb pafloHbi 
MepHaro Mopa ot-b KepweHCKaro npo,/iHBa ao Cyxyiwa h Boctpop- 
CKift pafloHB>. Mhb apKO BcnoMHHaeica oahhb BbiAaiomiftca mo- 
MeHTB 3Toro nepioAa. Mbi 3acTpajiH Ha abb HeA"BJiH bb HoBopoc- 



ciftcKt, JKHBonHCHOM-b, npiHTHOM'b ropoA"B. MopcKie ocpHuepu 
Taiwb ptAKH. nepe3HaKOMHjiHCb, nepeApy)KHjiHCb, SapbiuiHH h 

ASMbl, pOMaHbl . . . H BOfb Mbl CHAHMB 3SL CTOJIHKOM'b Ha 6yjlb- 

Kap-fe, opKecTp"b nrpaerb, bhho, iuanuibiKH . . . h BApyrB y BXOAa 
mywb, ABHKeHie. MajibHHiuKH cb ra3eTaMH o'Eryrb h bhkphkh- 
BSiiOT r b: 3KCTpa! 9KCTpa! y6iHCTBo aBCTpiftcKaro HaoiBAHHKa BB 
CapaeB-feb. H neperjiHHyjicn cb npiHTejieiwb: «KaK-b bh AyMa- 
eTe, 3to Hanaro ?» — cnpocHjrb h. 

3TOTb MOMeHT-b pa3A"BJIHJI*b ABB SnOXH MOeft JKH3HH, ABa MJ- 

pa, h kt> CTapoiwy yme B03BpaTa He 6mjio». 



«Mepe3Tj HeA^JiK) mm nojiyiHJiH pacnopHHteHie 6pocHTb Bee 
h HBHTbca bt> CeBacTonc/ib bb pacnopniKeHie KoMaHAytomaro 

MepHOMOpCKHMTa <PjlOTOWb. BCB Mbl, «aKaAeMHKH», 6bIJIH Ha3Ha- 

yeHbi Ha LUTa6HMH MBCTa h h nonajiB CTapuiHMB 4>jiar'b-o(pHu,e- 
poiwb (popMHpoBaBiuarocH OTpaAa mhhhhxb 3arpaAHTe^eH. Ctib- 
Ayiouj,ie Tpw M"BCHU,a npouMH bb HHTepecHofi, HanpaiKeHHOH m 
oneHb a^ih MeHH cnacTjiMBoft pa6orB opraHH3au,iH, (J)opMHpoBa- 

HiH H TpeHHpOBK-B, n04TH-HT0 H3B HHHerO, OHCHb 3(p(peKTHBHarO 
OTpHAa. 

Ho nocjit 3Toro moh HenocBAJiHBOCTb h iiohckh aBaHTiopbi 

OnHTb CTajIH MeHH OAC/IBBaTb. BOHHa Cb HBMU.aMH 6bMa BB IlOJl- 

HOM"b pa3rapB, bb> BajrriHCKOMB MopB yace npoH30injiH BoeHHbin 
AtflcTBiH, a y Hacb TypKH bt> BOHHy He BCTynajiH. $1 onHTb Ha- 

H'dJl'b 60HTbCH, HTO KaKB BB HnOHCKyK) BOHHy, On03AaK). H03T0- 
My, KOrAa CTaflH BbI3bIBaTb OXOTHHROB-b RJlfl CCpOpMHpOBaHiH 

MopcKoro 6aTaabOHa ajih A'bhctbIh Ha cyxonyraoM-B cppoHrfe, a. 
Bbi3BajicH Ha 9Ty aBaHTiopy h, bt> HoaSpB 1914 roAa, ch poTOH 
MepHOMopcKaro aiomajKa, npnGun-h bb> Kp-fenocTb HBaHropoAt, 
KOTopaa, bb to BpeMH, 6biJia noA'b yAapaMH HenpiaTejiH h nepe- 
Aoboh no3Hu,ieH. Mm, mophkh, npHcnoco6HJiH 47 mm. nyiUKH 
A^ih ycTaHOBKH bt> OKonaxB h CHaSiKajiH JiiOAeH pjw. oScayacH- 

BaHiH HXB, H 3TO SblJIO OHCHb nOnyjIHpHO CpeAH nBXOTbl. Ho 

4epe3"b TpH HeA"B.ra cppoHTB OTOABHHyjiCH Ha 3anaA"b h mu OKa- 

3aJIHCb «OHKOBTHpaTejIbHOH» H 6e3nOJie3HOH TbIJIOBOH HaCTbK). 

Typuin rBM'b BpeMeHeiwb BdynHJia bi> BOHHy, h «npyrb», Ha ko- 
TopoMii h 6bia-b mschut. TOMy Ha3aA"b, 6bijrb hmh noxonjieHT3. 

B-b TO >Ke BpeMH mh-b nHCaJIH, HTO HOBblH SOJIblUifl JIOAKH BCTy- 
IIH^H BB CTpOH H HyiKAaiOTCH BB OnblTHblX-b KOMaHAHpaXB. Toab- 

10 



ko bt> anp'fc.n'fe MHt yAaJiocb BepnyTbCH bt> CeBacTono;ib. BaKaHT- 

HOH JIO^KH A^IH MeHH He 6bIJIO, H H SblJIT. Ha3HaHeH"b CTapUJHM'b 

(pjiarb-ocpHu.epoM'b SpnraAM noABOAHaro njiahama, ct> ycjio- 

BieM-b, HTO H 6yAy nOCHJiaTbCH B-b nOXOAM CO BCfeMH JIOAKaMH, 
KaKHMH TOJIbKO B03MO>KHO. flOHTH BCe BpeMH, nepeXOAH Cb OA" 

hoh ^oakh Ha Apyryio, h npoBOAHjrb bt> Mop-fe, H3yiaH o6(vra- 
HOBKy. HaKOHeirb, Bt HoaSpt 1915 roAa BaKaHUJH OTKpbuiacb, h 
h BcnynH.fl'b bt> KOMaHAOBaHie «TK)^eHeMT>». 

Bt> anp-BJTB 1960 roAa, ycrynan MHoronHoieHHbiM'b npocb- 
OaMTa, Mhx. Ajienc. HanHcajrb cboh BocnoMHHaHiH o 6oeBbixi> 

A"BHCTBiflXT3 nOABOAHOH JIOAKH «TlOJieHb». ElOApblBl. «,H,y6poB- 

HHKa», CMtjiaH paaB^AKa y BapHbi, h, HaKOHeirb, 3axBarb «Po- 
AOCTO» onHcaHbi btd tom-b XY'III .M3/53 «Mopc.KHX'b SanHCOK'b* h 

IIOSTOMy nOBTOpHTbCH He 6yAyTb. CjltAyeT-b OTM+jTHTb, MTO 3a 

A"BHCTBiH Ha «TiojieH'B» M. A. KhthuhhT) 6hjii> HarpajKAeH"b bcb- 
mh 6oeBbiMH opAeHaMH: Ahhoh 3-h creneHH cb MenaMH, CTaHH- 
cjiaBOMt 2-h cTeneHH cb MewaMH, reoprieBCKHM'b opyarieM'b, op- 
AeHoiwb Cb. TeopriH 4-ft CTeneHH h B^iaAHMipa 4-h CTeneHH ct> 
MewaMH, 6bijrb npoH3BeAeH-b B-b CTapmie jieftTeHaHTbi h KanH- 
TaHbi 2-ro paHra. AHHy 4-h CTeneHH Mhx. AjieKC. nojryHHjrb bt» 
MBaHropoA'B. 

Cny>K6a noABOAHbixi. jioaokt* SbiJia T5DKejiaH h H3MaTHBa./ia 
h Kopa6^H, h jHOAeft, KoMaHAHpu Ha3HanajiHCb Ha Apyrin aojuk- 

HOCTH nOCJTB 6-8 M'ECHU.eB'b, JlOAKH CTaHOBHJIHCb BTj peMOHTb 

nocjrB roAa njiaBaHin. Ha «TiojieH'B» Mhx. AjieKc. nooHjrb bct> 
peKopABi — KorAa «TK)JieHK>» npniujia onepeAb hath bt> peMOHrb, 
ApyraH jioAKa OKasaaacb ancTpeHHO BbiBeAeHHoft hstj ctpoh. Ko- 
rAa npHLu^a onepeAb nojiywaTb AHBH3ioH-b, Mhx. Ajienc. oTKa- 
3ajica B"b noJib3y njiaBaHin Ha «TiojieH-B», ho Bouiejrb bt> corjia- 
meHie ch Ha4a^bCTB0MTb, mo KorAa JiOAKa noHAeT-b, HaKOHeu/b, 

Wb peMOHTTi, TO BM-BCTO AByXM-feCHMHarO OTAblXa OH"b 6yAeTT> KO- 

MaHAHpoBaH-b B-b neTporpaA"b, B-b noABOAHbift ota^Tj MopcKoro 
FeHepajibHaro LllTa6a Ha Bee BpeMH peMOHTa «TK>JieHH». 

Bo BpeMH npeSbiBaHin B-b FleTporpaAtj Mhx. AjieKC. Hacjia- 
iKAa^ca 3acjiy>KeHHbiM'b oTAbixoM-b, pa6oTa B-b LIlTae-B 6buia hh- 
TepecHaa h He THiKejian. 

SaTtaMt npHiujia «BejiHKaa h fie3KpoBHaH». 



11 



«B , b TpyAHue ahh cp eB P ajIbCKOH peBOJirouJH HauiH nyTH 

OnHTb CKpeCTHJIHCb, — BCnOMHHaerb IT E. CTOrOBTj. — Mhx. AjltK. 

6mjitj BpeiweHHO HasHaneH-b bt> noABOAHbift OTA'kJi'b MopcKoro 
TeHepajibHaro ujTa6a. KorAa B03CTaBUjaa nepHb h 3anacHbie 3a- 
xBaTHJiH FleTporpaA'b, npeKpaTHJiacb bchioh B03MO)KHOCTb nona- 
AaTb Ha c,7iy)K6y. Tejie^oHi. eme 4>yHKU.ioHHpoBajrb, h h, B-b mh- 
cjit ApyrHX"b, nojiyqujrb npHKa3aHie ocraBaTbCH AOMa ao cji'b- 
Ayiomaro pacnopH>KeHiH. Eahhctbchhoh B03MO>KHOCTbK) npeAy- 
npeAHTb KaKoft-HHSyAb SKCueccb h oxpaHHTb MopcKOH TeHe- 
pajibHbifl lilTae-b h ero apxHBbi 6hjio nojiyweHie «OxpaHHaro 
jiHCTa» orb TocyAapcTBeHHOH JXyMhi, SbiBiueH TorAa u,eHTpoMi> 
BjiacTH. KaK"b mite noTOMi. pa3CKa3HBajrb oahht> H3-b coc/iy>KHB- 
ueB-b, Mhx. AjieKC. caivrb Bbi3Bajicn AOdaTb 3Torb AOKyMeHi"b. 
OAHH'b, B-b nojiHofl napaAHoft cpopMt, co bcemh 6oeBbiMH opAe- 
HaMH, OHTb npoinejrb n'biiJKOM'b ao TaBpHnecKaro ABopua H, ao- 
CTaB'b 9Ty 6yMary, npHHecb ee B"b TeHepajibHbiH LUTa6'b». 

«KorAa h BepHyjica Ha jioAKy — BcnoMHHaerb Mhx. Ajickc. 
— h Bbime./rb onHTb bi> Mope, rjiy6HHa Moero OTMaHHiH h 6e3- 

HaAOKHOCTH 6bMH HeH3M'bpHMbI. BblJIO HCHO, MTO BOeHHblH A"BH- 

ctbjh co Bee Soji'fee h Sojite pa3Hy3AaHHbiMH «TOBapHmaMH» He- 

B03M0)KHbI H MTO H SesnOJieseHTj. OnHTb h HawajiTj AyMaTb KaK-b 
HaflTH BbixoATs H3"b 3Toro nojioweHin. Bi. 3to BpeMH npoinejrb 
cjiyxt, rto bt> CeBacTonojib h3t> OTA'BJibHbix'b TapAeMapHHCKHXt 
KjiaccoBT. npi-fexaji-b KOHTp-b-aAMHpaji-b Ceprtft HBaHOBHWb <t>po- 
jiobtj h Ha6Hpaerb otJiHuepoB'b Ha aojukhocth oTA'bJibHbix'b Ha- 
MajibHHKOB'b ajih 3arpaHHMHaro njiasaHia cb rapAeiwapHHaMH Ha 

JXajlhUCWb BoCTOKii. y MeHH 6bMH COMH^BHiH, COTJiaCHTCH JIH OHTj 

B3HTb iHTa6"b-ocpHuepa Ha AOJUKHOCTb OTA"BJieHHaro HanajibHHKa, 

HO HaA'bHJICH, MTO npH peBOJIIOUiOHHOM'b SeSnOpHAK^ 3TO, MO- 

)Kerb 6biTb, npofiAerb. H HaA"feji"b Kopraicb h nomejrb bt> tocthh- 
HHuy KncTa, rA"fe ocTaHOBHjicn aAMMpajit. AAMHpajrb jno6e3HO 
npHHHji-b MeHH. «H r BM'b Mory cjiyjKHTb?» — cnpocHjrb OH-b. Po6ko 

H 3aHKaHCb, H CTajTb 06"bHCHHTb, HTO XOTH H H UlTa6'b-OCpHU,ep'b, 
HO TOTOBT) CJiy)KHTb BTj K8KOH yrOAHO AOJIKHOCTH H nOAHHHemH 

bt> 3arpaHHHHOM-b njiaBaHiH. BApynb aAMHpajn> bckohhjii. Cb M-fe- 

CTa, B03A'fe^'b pyKH BBepXl. H B3BOJIHOBaHHO BOCKJIHKHyjITj: «Fo- 

jiySHHK'b! Caiwa cyAb6a Bacb nocjiajia! H Ha6paji"b AocraTOMHo 

OCpHUepOBTj , HO MHt H-feKOMy BB-fepHTb BCK) OTB-BTCTBCH - 
HOCTb 3a HHXTj. Bbl KaKT. pa3"b H>'}KHbIH MH-B MeJIOB-BK-b, H H TaiCb 

CHacTJiKB-b HM"BTb BacTj!». fl HcnyrajiCH oTBtTCTBeHHocTH, Hept- 



12 



uiHTCibHO crapajicfl HrpaTb Ha3aAt>, ho aAMHpajrb cenwacb we 

IipHHHJICfl yCTpaHBaTb BCt CpOpMajIbHOCTH». 



OceHbK) 1917 ro^a Mux. Ajickc. 6bMi. Ha3HaHeH-b 3aB-EAyio- 
iuhmtj OSyweHieM-b OTA'kvibHbix'b TapAeMapHHCKHx-b K./iaccoB'b. 
BpeiueHHoe npaBHTejibCTBO noHeMHoro ,/iHKBHAHpoBajio MopcKoe 
yqHjiHiue, h rapAeiwapHHbi 3-ft poTbi 6mjih 06-beAHHeHbi cb boc- 
nHTaHHHKaMH OTA'bvibHbix'b rapAeiviapHHCKHXT> KjiaCCOB'b AJIH OT- 
npaBKH bo B^aAHBOCTOK-b h oTTy^a B-b 3arpaHHMHoe njiaBaHie. 
6-ro AeKa6pn yqefiHbiH otphatj Bbiiue./rb b^. Mope. no3ApaBjiHH 
rapACMapHHTj cb npa3AHHKOM'b MopcKoro ywHJinma, Mhx. Ajickc. 
CKa3ajrb, hto CTaBHrb ceSt saaaweft BoenHTaHie rapAeMapHHT> 
no hoboh yne6HOH nporp'aMM'fe, cb pacmnpeHHbiMH npaKTHwec- 

KHMH 3HaHiHMH, HO Ha OCHOBt TEXt TpaAHHJH, KOTOpblMH WLHJl'b 
200 Jl'^Th PoCciftCKift CpJIOTb H KOTOpblH nOCJiy>Karb 3AOpOBOH 

6a30H juih HOBbix-b Ka^poB-b MO^OAbix-b ocpHuepoB-b. 3t& «Mop- 
CKaa HAen» ocrajiacb pyKOBOAflm.HM'b npHHUHnoM'b Bceft Aajib- 

H-BHUjeH JUBHTejIbHOCTH Kan. 1 p. KHTHUbIHa, KOTOpOMV CVAb6a 

nopyHH^a cbirpaTb HCKJitOMHTejibHyro pojib bid HCTopiH noc/ilsA- 
hhxtd BbinycKOB-b MopcKoro ymuimna. 

AtHTejibHOCTb Mhx. AjieKC, CBH3aHHyK) ch npeGbiBameMb 

BO BjiaAHBOCTOK'fe, MopCKHMTj yMHJIHUieMT> H nOXOAOM"b BjiaAH- 

BOCTOKTb-CeBacTonojib-BH3epTa mojkho pa3A"fe.?iHTb Ha TpH nepio- 
Aa: nepBbift — njiaBaHie Ha «Opji-B» bTj 1917-18 r.r., 3aKOHHHB- 

IUaHCH B"b ToHKOHr-fe C'b'E3AOM'b MHX. AjieKC. Cb K0pa6jlfl H OT- 

obiTieM-b B-b HnoHiro; BTopoft — npe6biBaHie bo BtnaAHBOCTOiCE, 
na3HaMeme Mhx. Ajickc. HaHajibHHKOM'b MopcKoro ywHJiHina, op- 
ranH3au,iH 3aHHTift cb rapAeinapHHaMH, cBH3aHHaa ch ywacTieMTD bt> 
AecaHTax-b, Apyrnxt GoeBbix-b A'fcHCTBiHX'b h ycMMpeHieMt bo3- 
CTaHift. B"b HaMajit anp-fejiH bochhumh BjiacrnMH 6bijrb opraHH- 
30BaH"b AecaHT-b B-b 6yxTy HaxoAKa, K-b KOTopoiwy 6hjio npHBJie- 
qeHO MopcKoe yMHJiHiue. riepBaa nonbiTKa OKOHHHJiacb Hey^a- 
Hefi H, noTepn-BBi) noTepn npn cbo3-b AecaHTa npn BCTp-feM-fe cb 

npOTHBHHKOMTj npeBOCXOAHmHX"b CHJTb, OTpHAt B03BpaTHJICH BO 

B^aAHBOCTOKTa. riocji-B ycHJieHHofl AByxAHeBHoft noAroTOBKH, no- 
nuTKa 6ujia noBTopeHa. Borb nam* onncbiBaerb ee Mhx. AjieKc: 

«OTpHA"b COCTOH^fb H3T> nOAAKOKHHbl CVAOBTj H nJIOByWHX-b 

cpeACTBt; h Aep>Ka^-b (pjiari. Ha napoxoAt «Cb. Teoprifl*, h bt> 

HHC^t ApyrHX-b CyAOBTs MO)KHO CWHTaTb aHrJliflCKifl SpOHeHOCHblft 

Kpeficep-b «KeHT'b», KOMaHAHp"b KOToparo, moh Apyr"b Captain 
Edwards Sbiji-b OMeHb BSBOJiHOBaH-b Haiueft HeyAaMeft h noTepa- 

13 



mh na «MarmiTt 3 », h no TC/ierpacpy Hcnpocnjrb H3"b JIoriAOHa pa3- 
ptineme noMOMb HaMt. nojiynHB-b pa3ptujeHie, oH-b npitxa^-b 
ko MH-fe h o6-bHBH,/rb: «9\BjiHioch wh Bame pacnopa>KeHie!». fl 03- 
HaKOMHji-b ero cb AHcno3HiiieH. ATana pa3BepHyjiacb KaKT> no 
wacaM-b: Hauia pa3HOKajin6epHaH apivia^a — rpa3Hyxa cjiywHB- 
man KaK-b Landing craft «KeHrb» h npowie, bcb noHBHjincb bt> 

OAHO H TO Hie BpeMH Ha pa3CB-feT-fe, «KeHTb» nOArOTOBHJTb bh- 

caAKy H-fecKOJibKHMH 3a.7inaMH h3t> 8" opyaifl, MHHOHoceu-b ocbi- 
najrb njiHJK-b nyjieMeraiMH. ab-e poTbi lOHKepoB-b 6biCTpo bhch- 
najincb c-b «reoprin» Ha rpa3Hyxy h Ha 6epen>, h mh ycTaHOBHJin 

npoMHbiH TCTaenoH-b h cTajiH opraHH30BaTb CHa6>KeHie » *). 

flecaHTT. 6ujn> 6jiarono^iyHHo BbicaweH-b, KpacHbie nocntjin- 
ho 6^x.ajm. Flo OKOHwaHin onepauin OTpHA"b BepHyjica bo Bjia- 

AHBOCTOKTb **). 

TpeTbHM-b nepioAOM-b A^HTejibHOCTH Mhx. Ajickc. mokho 
cwHTaTb noxoA"b Hst BjiaAHBocTOKa B-b CeBacTonojib h BH3epTy. 

O C06bITiHX-b, CBH3aHHHX"b Ch erO >KH3HbK) B"b 3TO BpeMH 

Mhx. AjieKC. npeAnoHHTajrb He BcnoMHHaTb. Ha npocb6y onncaTb 

STOTb nepiOA'b, OHt OTB'BTHJI'b, MTO OWb XOrBJITj 6bl He BCnOMH- 

naTb, a 3a6uTb ero: «3to 6wjio caMoe THme^ioe BpeMH Moefl >kh3- 
hh, mom TecpcHMaHCKift ca.n.'b h Tojirocpa, KOfAa h 6ujn> pa3Aas- 

.leHTj CTpaiHHOH OTB'BTCTBeHHOCTbK), KOTJl'd MaCCa JHOAefi CMOTp-b- 

jiu Ha MeHH, OKHAan orb MeHH p-feineHia hxt^ cyAbfibi, a h He 
3Ha;ii> mto a Mory hmt> AaTb!». 

Borb KaK-b BcnoMHHaiOT'b Mhx. Ajickc. ero BocnHTaHHHKH: 

K. JI. 3axapneHK0 («KHTHiibiHCKaro BbinycKa») Aaerb c.rh- 
Ayromyio xapaKTepncTHKy Mhx. AjieKC.: 

Mhx. AjieKC. 6bijrb coBepmeHHO HCKJirowHTejibHbiMb qejiOB-B- 
komtj — HacToauiift pbinapb Gea-b crpaxa h ynpeKa. JXnn Hacb, 

rapAeMapHHt, OH-b 6bUVb nOHTH eAHHCTBCHHHM'b BAOXHOBeHieMTs 

h cb-btjioh jiHHHOCTbio Ha MpaHHOMi> (poHt o6meft pa3pyxH, npo- 
Aa)KH0CTH, noA^iocTH, uiKypHHqecTBa h t. a. Be3-b Hero hh Ymum- 
me bo BjiaAHBOCTOK'B, hh Kopnycb btj BH3epT-B He CMorjiH 6h cy- 
mecTBOBaTb. 06mift pa3Bajrb h pa3Jio>KeHie mh nepe>KHBa.JiH 

OH6Hb dojltSHeHHO, H eAHHCTBeHHO KTO 06'beAHHHJI'b 66jIbUiyK) 

wacTb H3-b Haci. 6hjit3 Mhx. AjieKC. Mh qyBCTBOBa^H B"b HeM-b 
6e33aB-BTHyK) npeAaHHOdb Poccin h OjiOTy, 6e3yKopH3HeHHyio 

*) IIhcimo n. E. CToroBy on 19 MapTa 1960 r. 

**) 9tott> nepioAi jiflTe-ibHOCTH M. A. KHTBiiHHa no^po6HO onncaHi bt> "Ko- 
su6enE $jioTa", OTAin. XII, raaBa 40. rijiaBanie 3-eii potk Mopcitoro y'lMnma, cTp. 
258-264. 

14 



qecTHocTb h nojiHoe oTcyTCTBie KaKofl 6bi to hh 6hjio mmcjih o 
ceSt h cBoeft BbiroA"B. Mbi ewty b-ephjih h 6bi,/iH totobh cji'bao- 
BaTb 3a hmmtj Aa>Ke Koraa 6bijiH coBepmeHHo HecoiviacHbi cb ero 

HaiWEpeHiflMH, H 3TO nOCJI'B TpeXTj peBO^flOUiOHHblXTb JI'BT'b H 

riOCTOHHHblX'b BCTp'EH'b Cb UHHH3MOM'b, 3rOH3MOM'b, JDKHBOCTbK), 

o6MaHOM"b h npeAaTejibCTBOM-b. no STOMy noBo^y cpeAH rapAe- 
.wapHH-b KaKT>-TO Hanajiacb anHAeMiH caiwoySiHCTB-b. Mhx. AjieKC. 
npeKpaTHji-b ee, noxopoHHBiiiH 3-k> hjih 4-yw mepTBy 3a ropo- 
aomt> 6e3"b bchkhxtj nowecTefl. Mh roBopnjiH o SyHTt, ho caiwo- 
y6iftcTBa npeKpaTH^HCb, t. k. hhkto He xoT-BJi-b 6biTb noxopoHeH-b 
Kaicb co6aKa. KaK-b h3b+3Ctho, caivioy6iHCTBa crpauiHO 3apa3H- 
Te^ibHbi, Bt oco6eHHOCTH B-b T-fex-b yc-ioBiHX'b, h Mhx. Ajickc. no- 
Ka3ajiTj 6ojibuioe ncnxc/iorHHecKoe noHHMame MOJioAe>KH h pt- 
HiHTe^bHOCTb a^hctbIh. CpeAH rapAeiwapHHT. Mhx. AjieKc. hmtwitj 

KOJIOCCajIbHOe BJHHHie H aBTOpHTerb». 

Btj CTaTbt M. A. fOHaKOBa «Moh BocnoMHHaHin o KanHraH-b 
1-ro paHra M. A. Khthuhh-b*, arbAyiomeH 3a HacTOHiueft h oxBa- 
TbiBaiomeH bcio anoneio «KHTHUbiHOBCKaro BbinycKa», npHBO- 
ahtch HHTepecHHH Ha6jnoAemH o Mhx. AjieKc. Ero BocnHTaTeflb- 

HbWb MeTOAOMTj SblJIO \ A06HTbCH BJliHHJH HaA"b nOA'lHHeHHblMH 
HJIH VWamHMHCH, a nOTOM'b, HCKpeHHOCTbK) CBOHX'b ySt^JKAeHiH 
AOKa3aTb HMT>, VTO BCe TO, MTO OTb HHXTj TpeSOBaJIOCb HBJIHJIOCb 

Heo6xoAHMOCTbK). Ilo cjiywS-fe Mhx. AjieKc. 6hjit> CTporb h B3H- 
cKaTe^eH-b, ho noMTH.He HaxjiaAbiBajrb B3biCKaHin 3a npocTynKH, 
ho Ka>KAHH npoBHHHBiiiiHCH nocrk ero «pa3HOca» yxoAHjrb orb 
Hero 6e3T> 3Jio6bi h Cb nojiHbiiwb cosHaHieiwb CBoeft bhhh. Haen 
Mhx. AjieKc. 6buia — bochho iwopcKaa HAen, cjiy>K6a Ha cpjiorb 
h Poccia». 

MnwiwaHt K. <t>eAopoB-b («KHTHHbiHCKaro BbinycKa») Aae - i"b 
HHTepecHyro KapTHHy BocnHTaTejibHux-b MeTOAOBi) h xapaicrepH- 
cthkh Mhx. A.ieKC. 



« JltTOM'b , 1918 roAa , KorAa 6ojibmHHCTBo Hauinxi. 
rapAeiwapHH-b 6hjio nocjiaHO Ha nocu./ibHbix'b cyAax"b «5lKyrb», 
« y^HCCb » h « JlioMHA'b » B-b CBBepHoe njiaBame ki> 6epe- 
raiwb KaMMaTKH „ h , Bt hhc/i'b H-feKOTopbix-b 6hvi'h Ha3HaneH-b 
HHCTpyKTopoMT. 3-efi, MJiaAiueft potm, Ha KaHOHepcKyro jioAKy 

«MaHH)Kyp'b», CTOHBUJyK) BTj 6yXT-B «HOBHK"b» Ha PyCCKONTb OCT- 

poBt y ctehkh h HHKyAa He xoAHBHiyio, h6o MauiHHbi h kot^h en 
y*e AaBHO OTciy)KH^H CBoe Bpeinn. BeTepaH-b KHTaftcKoft KaMna- 

15 



hih h pyccKO-nnoHCKOM BOHHbi «MaHH>Kyp'b» 6hjit3 yme oieHb 
CTap-b ajih njiaBaHiii, ho Kaicb ywe6Hbift KopaSjib ajih o6yMeHia 
rap^eMapHH-b BeAeHiio cyAOBofi caywSbi, oH-b 6bi/rb HAea,/ieH"b. 

IlpOCTOpHblH H MHCTHH, XOTH H Cb ITBKOTOpblMH HeAOCTaTKaMH, 

oht> Bee em,e coxpaHHJit 6e3yKopH3HeHHO MHCTyio najiy6y, noA- 
/iep>KHBaeMbiH bt> nopHAK-B HaACTpoftKH, MOCTHK-b, paHroyrb, no- 
iwfcmeHie h KaiOTbi. H Borb, rapaeMapHHbi Ha Hein-b ynmiHCb Kant 
CTOHTb BaxTbi, KaK-b cnycKaTb h noAHMaTb m^KDnKH, rpe6ji"B, na- 
pycHMM-b yqeHJHM-b, ajieMeHTaiwb apTHjuiepiH, MHHHaro nina h 
npow. Mbi, cTapiuie rapAeiwapHHbi, yqHjmcb, Kaicb CTOHTb ocpHuep- 

CKJH BaXTbl. Cpe^H OCpHUepOBTa, Ha3HaMeHHbIXT3 KTj HaiWb, 6bIJItf 

npH6biBiiiie n3i> AiwepHKH JieftTeHaHTbi BaToroB'b, Pyccerb h Apy- 
rie. JleHTenaHTTD BaToroB'b bma'btihjich HCKJiroHHTC/ibHoft 3Hep- 
rieft B"b o6yneHiH MJiaAUJHxi) rapAeiwapHH'b uuironoMHOMy A"BJiy. 

BblJIO npiHTHO CMOTptyTb, KaiCb OHTj ApaHJib rapAeuiKOB'b HaCTOH- 

meft rpe6^t, noAo6iH kotopoh He;ib3H Haft™ hh bt> oahomtj 
cpjiorfe Mipa, KpoM-fe Hauiero. 

A Borb, napycHoe yweme. ByxTy HoBHK-b ph6httj ott> noA- 
iiHBUjarocn CB-feiKaro 6pH3a. riy3aTbie 6tjibie napyca KpeHnrb 
KaTepa h ohh MwaTCH TyAa h croAa Ha pa3Hbix-b rajicax-b, A'b.naiOT'b 
noBopoTbi OBepLUTar-b h qepe3"b cpopAeBHHA-'b, nepecfeKaH 6_vxtv 

HOBHICb B'b pa3HbIXl> HanpaBJieHiflX-b. H CTOK) Ha BaXT"B Ha MOCTH- 

Kt Ha Moeft o6H3aHHOCTH Ha6^K>AaTb 3a peflAOM^ h 3Harb, ta^ 
KaKan uijiionKa. BApyrb Ha mocthk-b noHBjineTCH Haun> HanaJib- 
hhktj KaiiHTaH-b 1 paHra Khthuwht^. Ct^ ero noHBJiemeM'b Ha 
mocthk'b h Ha najiyS-fe BOuapneTca Hanpn>KeHHo-Bbi>KHAaTe^bHaa 
aTMoctpepa. JlHua rapAeiuapHH-b y BbiCTptwia, o>KHAaioiij,ie npn- 
HHTb naTep-b, noAXOAamift noA"b napycaMH, CTajiH cepbe3HbiMH 

K BblTHHyjIHCb. 

— «<J>eAopoB , b, ta^ mecTOH KaTepi>?» — otpubhcto oGpa- 
maeTCH «Khttd» ko mh-b. 

— «LUecTOH KaTepa? H ceftqacb He 3Haio. OH-b 6uji'h HeAa- 
jieKo orb MbiCKa». 

Tjia3a «KHTa» CBepKHy^H. — «KaK"b He 3HaeTe? 06«3aHHOCTb 
BaxTenHaro HanajibHHKa 3HaTb Bee, hto npoHCxoAHrb KpyroMb 
Kopa6jia!». 

— «EcTb, r-Ht KanHTaHi) 1-ro paHra». 

— «rA'b KaTept HOMept ABa?» 

— «KaTep-b HOMep-b ABa CAtjiajTb noBopoT-b h HAeT-b cK»Aa». 

16 



— «riojbiMHTe cnrHajTb: Bo3BpamaTbCH h3t> noroHH no 
cnoco6nocTH». 

— «EcTb, r-Ht KanHTan-b 1-ro paHra». 

$ Hmy CHrHaji-b cb .anxopaAOMHOH nocn-feuiHocTbio. 

— «Bw AOJiro KonaeTecb! CHrHajibi hojix.hu noAHHMaTbCH 
6e3"b 3aAep>KKH, jiuuib TOJibKo OTAaHo npHKa3aHie!». 
«KHT-b» He^oBOJieHt. 3a,Jic»KHB-b ojwy pyKy Ha3aA"b, HaxMypHB-b 

6pOBH, OH-b XOAHTb nO MOCTHKy; OHT> 6pOCaerb B3rJIHA'b TO Ha 

6yxTy, no KOTopoft CHyrorb KaTepa noAT> napycaMH, to HcnoA- 
,iof)bH vjinjiHTh Ha MeHH h ero rjia3a cepAHTM. KaTepa noAxoAHTb 
o;unrb 3a ^pyrHMT>. Bott> TpeTift KaTepT> h Ha HeMT> CTap. JieftT. 
Kopc/icB-b. MyTb cjibiniHa KaKan-TO KOManAa, 3arjiyuieHHaH b-bt- 
po.Mi.; napyca, nojioma, CKOJib3Hrb BHHS-b h KaTepT> noAxoAHTb 
ki» BbicTptwiy. «Koncu'b, KOHeu'b!» — KpHMaTb cb Hero, ho rap- 
.icMapHH-b, CTOHBinift y BbicTpt^a npoMaxHy^cH h KOHeut ct> 
n^ecKOM"b yna^t 3a KopMofi. 

- «Borb iiocmotphtc, mto y Bacb npoHcxoAHrb! He noAa.au 

KOHU,a BO-BpCMH!» -- UyKaerb «KhTT>» MeHH. Ho 3TO, H CMHTaK), 
\>Kb He MOH BHHa. OjlHaKO, OKH^aeMblH «pa3Hocb» He nocji-BAO- 
Ba.Tb. Bt> 3TOTT> BeMepT), 3a y>KHHOM"b, BHKTOpi) TaTapHHOBTj, 

o6pamaacb ko MHt bt> myT/iMBoft cpopM"B, roBopHTT>: «<t>eAbKa, 

TOIUJH KOCTH, HTO 3T0 TbI ceroAHH TyiwaHH^T., WTO «Khtt>» 

xe6H uyKajTb?». 

— «fl He iworb Haft™ ujecToro KaTepa». 

— «Aa, jionoMy h BaMT., y «KHTa» HaAO AepiKaTb yxo bo- 
cTpo. Oht> Bee saM'BwaeT'b*, — HacTaBHTe^ibHO 3aM'bHaeT'b Mnuia 
MaflKo. 

Bt> oSmeM-b, noca-fe Kamjioid BaxTbi, KorAa MeHH npoSHpajib 
«K'HT-b», h BbixoAHji-b, KaK-b H3T> wapnoH 6aHH. He Mory 3a6bITb 
OAHoro cjiyMan, Koi\o,a bo BpeMH noA^eMa (pjiara, omb MeHH pa3- 

HeCb 3a TO, MTO H He yM"B.7rb npaBHJIbHO KOMaHAOBaTb. 

JI,oBejiocb mh-b CTOHTb yTpeHHKHo BaxTy KaKT>-TO pa3i> h no- 
l ieMy-TO y MeHH 6bijio upeA^yBCTBie, hto wto-to c/iyHHTCH. «Myio 
h, mto 6yAeTT> pa3HOC-b», — AyMa;rb h no M'fep'B Toro, KaKi> npH- 
6.iH»:ajiocb BpeMH MacoB'b yTpa — BpeMH noA"beMa cp,/iara. Tap- 
AeMapHHH GbicTpo OKaHWHBajin yTpeHHKHO npH6opKy — nocji'BA- 
Hin jiy>KHU,bi BOAH Ha najiy6"B croHH^HCb ycepAHbiMH h 6biCTpbiMH 

ABH)KeHiHMH IUBa6pT>, TO TdWh TO CHMT. 0KaH4HBaJIH ApaHTb M"B- 
.iHIUKV. YiKT) 6bI^T> nOAHHTT) «HCnOJIHHTejIbHbIH» (pJiarb. H CTOHJTb 

na 3aAHeMT. mocthk-b, oTKyAa 6uji-b BHixb na Becb Kopa6;ib h npn- 

17 

M3 2 



roTOBHjicH K"b noA"beMy cp,nara. KaiiHTaH-b 1-ro paHra Khthuhhtj 
xoahji!) no Krry. KoiwaHAa h rapAeiwapHHbi Bbi3BaHbi HaBepxi>, bo 
cppoHrb. Ocrajiacb OAHa MHHyTa. — «Ha <p;iarb h noftcb, CMHp- 
ho!» 3aopajn> n, mto 6m;io cujihi. fl BHA'BJi'b Kajcb rapAeiuapHHbi 

H MaTpOCbl BO CppOHTB H rA"B-KTO 6bl^'b, 6pOCHJIH BCe H 3aMep,/IH 
Ha CBOHX-b IWECTaX-b. fl BHA'bjI'b KaiCb pn60H MaillHHHblH KBapTHp- 

MeftcTep-b, ywe nowHJioft, rjinnfeji-b Ha mchh hcabh>khmo, Kani* 6bi 
cb TpeBoroH. OcpHuepbi h cawb Khthuhht. ctohjih HenoABHWHo. 
BpeMfl Bbiiujio h h cHOBa 3aKpHMajn>: «<J>jiarb h noi'icb noAHHTb!» 
h noKa pa3AaBa;iHCb BoceMb ckjiahokT), 3BywHO npo3BynaBHJHX'b 
Ha 6aK%, h noAouiejrb kt> KHTHUbiHy cb yTpeHHHiwb panopToiwb. 

CTa^Tb CMHpHO H npHJIOKHJIt pyKy K*b K03bipbKy (pypa>KKH. nOCJTE 

panopTa, KOMaHAa: «BojibHO», h AHeBHaa cyAOBaa >KH3Hb Ha^a- 
Jiacb. 

MeiKAy rkwb «KHrb» SbiJi-b mhok> HeAOBOJieH-b. Moh npea- 
vyBCTBJH onpaBAa^HCb. H nojiynH./i'b cepbe3Hbift pa3Hocb. Ha 
moTb pa3"b ohtj hochjitj xapaKTept oTewecKaro BHymeHin. On'b 
noao3Baji'b mchh: «rapAeiwapHH'b OeAopoB-b! noAoftAHTe CK>Aa!». 
H noAOiHe^-b. KHTHUbiH-b CTajrb nepeAO mhoh, KaKi> HeABHiKHaa 
KOJiOHHa, TO/ibKo Hsp-fcAKa ero pyKa noAHHiwajiacb, fiojibiiioft na- 
jieu.'b 3aKJiaAHBa^CH 3a 6oprb khtcjih, noTOM-b CHOBa onycKa.iacb. 
Fy6bi 6hjih njioTHo cmoth h nepHbie ivia3a rviHA'EJiH ynopHo Ha 
MeHH h MHra^H no BpeMeHaiwb. 3aTkwb oht> pa3pa3H./iCH THpaAoii: 

— ■ «Mto 9to bh xpHMHTe, KaKij nojioyMHbift? noneMy He KO- 
MaHAyeie cnoKOHHo, naK-b noAo6aerb? Bo BpeMH noA"bCMa cp.iara, 
— cepbe3Han h cBHTaa MHHyTa Ha Kopa6^"B, BHHMaHie bcbxtj - 
Ha Bacb, — BaxTeHHOM-b Hana^bHHKt. A bh biwbcto KOMaHAH, 
KpHWHTe KaK-b 6a6a. TaR-b Hejib3H. HaAO HaywHTbCH KOMaHAOBaTb. 
rioHHMaeTe?». 

— «EcTb, r-HT> KanHTaHT> 1-ro paHra». 

— «Mht3 He HyiKHo aBTOMaTHMecKaro «ecTb». fl xowy, mto6h 
bh noHH^H, h mto rojiocb KOMaHAyioujaro HM-feeTTj orpoiwHoe BJli- 
HHie Ha to, Kant HcnojiHHeTCH KOMaHAa». OH~b ocTaHOBHJicn h Bne- 

pH^Tb BTd MCHH CBOH CepAHTblft B30p"b. nOTOMT., BHAHMO CMHrMHB- 

uiHCb, CKa3a^T>: «noftAeMTe», — h HawajTb npoxa>KHBaTbCH co 
mhoio nepeA^ kopmoboh KaioTOH, npoAO^JKan MHTaTb HacTaBJieHin. 
«Borb noneMy, — cnasaji-b ohi> OKaHMHBaH p-feqb, — btj HTajibHH- 
ckomtj (p^OT-fe mojioahmtj ocpHuepaMTj, «CTaBHT'b rojioca», — t. e. 
ynaT-b Hx-b npioGptcTH KOMaHAHyio npHBHMKy. TaKHiwb o6pa30ivrb 

18 



Bbipa6aTHBaeTca npHBHMKa h HaBbiK-b KOMaHAOBaTb. Hy, CTynaft- 
re h noMHHTe, mto n Baiwb CKa3ajrb». yTpeHHHH «uyKOBKa» kohmh- 
.iacb. fl cm-ehHc/ich cb BaxTbi HeMHoro o6e3Kypa>KeHHbiH, HO 
«uyicb» «KHTa» ocTajica y mchh bt> naMHTH HaAOJiro. Ohi, hm-bjii. 
6o^buioe BocnHTaTejibnoe 3HaMeHie ajih Hacb Bcfext, rapAeiwa- 
pHH"b. XapaKTepHofl wepToft noKOHHaro 6hjio HeMeAJieHHo 3a- 
MtnaTb He.aocTaTKH h ceftHacb me nx-b ncnpaB./iHTb nocpeACTBoiwb 
«.pa3Hoca», hjih He BcerAa jiecraaro juih cjrymaTejiH BbipaweHiH 

CBOHX-b BSn/IHAOBT* Ha A"fejIO. OAHaKO, eCJIH 6bl OHTs SToro He Kb- 

.'ia^'b, HeAOCTaTKH TO^bKO 6w yxyAiua^HCb. HeciwoTpH Ha p-fcAKie 
,7HMHbie KOHTaKTH KawAaro H3ij nacb cb noKoftHbiM'b Kan. 1 paHra 

K'HTHUblHblMTb, CaM3 erO JIHHHOCTb o6jl&JiaJia CnOCOSHOCTbK) BHy- 

LUHTb BCBM-b yBtpeHHOCTb bi. ycn-fex-B BCHKaro A"b^a noAT> ero 
naMajibCTBOM-b. Mbi bce eiviy a6cojnoTHo b^phjih. xoth h no6an- 

Ua.lHCb. OhTj. KaK"b H SoJIbUIHHCTBO OCpHUepOB'b — BocnHTaTejiefi 

MopcKoro Kopnyca, hbjihjich THnnHHbiM'b npHM'fepoM'b «pbmapa 
6e3i3 CTpaxa h ynpeKa». BHaMa^'fe mh ero 3Hajw Majio. Hacb ne- 
peBe.iH bi> 1917 roAy bi> poTy OTA'bvibHbix'b TapAeMapHHCKHXij 
K;iaccoB-b, h KnTHUbiH-b He 6bijn> KopnycHbiM-b ocpHuepoM-b. flep- 
Boe noHB^eHie ero nepeA"b HaMH bo cppoHTE hoch^Td cntiuHbiH, 
AtjoBofl xapak-rep-b. FIohbhtch nepeA"b (ppoHTOMTj, CKawerb H-fc- 
CKOJibKO c^obt>, othochiuhxch kt> npeACTOHineMy njiaBaHiio, HO 
ero o6pameHJH hochjih xapaKTepb Tpe3Bbift n cyxoft. HoxoAKa 
ero 6buia CbicTpa, bce. ABHweHin ero 6h^h otpmbhcth. B3n/iHA'b 
ero Mepubixi) rjia3"b 6biji"b cepbe3eH"b h ciponb, ho kto omHAaJi'b 
yc/ibiuiaTb orb nero hto-jih6o 3aM"BMaTejibHoe, biwbcto 3Toro 
c^binia;iTD, noBHAHMOMy, caMyio npocryio o6biACHmHHy. 



Blj STOTb CMyTHblfi, nOJIHblfl CJiyXOBT>, B03CTaHift, BbICaAOK"b, 

ioatj name o6yqeHie HHorAa npepbiBa^ocb BH30BaMH noAaBJiHTb 
B03CTaHiH pa3Hbixi> caMOCTJHHHKOBTj, BpoAt reHepa,/ia TaftAbi. 
Bhjii. noxoAT> bti 6yxTy HaxoAKa hjir noAaBJieniH 6aHA"b Kpac- 
Hbixi). Ha «MarnHT-B» mh nonaJiH bt> nepeAtjiKy, h Tyr-b, no;n> 

06cTp%^0MT3 KpaCHblX-b. Kan. 1 p. KHTHLU.IH'b BbIKa3aJTb CBOK) 

xpa6pocTb h xflaAHOKpoBie. Bcfe npHHy)KAeHbi 6w^h cnpHTaTbca 
Ha aho TOJibKO-wTO cnymeHHUX-b mjnonoK'b h eAHHHHHbiH no- 
nbiTKH H3i> hhxt> BbiCKOMHTb h bmhth no Tpany HaBepx"b, Ha na- 
,iy6y «MarHHTa», BCTptqajiHCb rpaAOMT^ nyjib Kpacubixia, 06- 
CTpt^HBaBUJHXTj Kopa6^b cb conoK'b. Kan. 1 p. Khthuhht> oahht> 
xoah^Tj no oTKpbiTOMy cnapAeKy. no BpeMeHaM"b oht> ocb-baom- 
.ih^ch y JiewainHX'b bt> uuronKax'b: «Bacb ein,e o6cTp'fe^HBaK)T'b?», 

19 



— h naHHKH He 6ujio. Bet BbiKapa6Ka,iHCb KorAa «MarHHrb» 
OTouie^'b. KfiTHUbiH-b npoxoAHJii^ bcc BpeMH oScrptwia no na- 
jiy6"B, hcho bhahoh nenpiHTCJiio. Ilyjia onapana^a eiwy P.VKV. Ho 
ero JiHMHoe cnoKOHCTBie h x./iaAHOKpoBie nepeaaBa,iHCb h ero 

OKpy>KaBUJHM'b. 



51 p-BiiiHjrb cnncaTbCH cb «Opjia» h cb corjiacia KHTHnwna, 
BM-BCT-fe ct> jieftT. ^HXTOM-b cnHcajica bt> noprb CaHAfc. Ha npo- 
mame Khthuhhtj no3Bajrb mchh K-b ceSt B"b KaiOTy h Aa.^ mhb 
cboh ueflcoBCKift SHHOKJib. «3to BaMt, wih flHXTy Ha 6yAymcc, 
kto nepBbift HaMHeTij rojiOAaTb!». noc/rEAHee no>KaTie pyKH h n 
coiue^-b no Tpany B"b owHAaBmyio (pejiiOKy. 

Bt> 1926-27 r. a o6ocHOBajica no^TH ABa roAa Bib KojiomCnh. 
H pa6oTa;rb CTeBaAopoMi). KaK-b to pa3T> npnxoAHrb napoxoA"b 
«CaHTa-PHTa» — Tpduci, jiaftHb, h acKajuibOHb, noApnAMHK'b ctc- 
BaAopoB-b, roBopHTij MH-fe no-ncnaHCKH: «CKop-Be hah Tya.a! Tana. 
6ojibuioH chief, pyccKift KanHTaH*b, Te6a 30Berb. Onb TaMT>» - 
3CKa^JibOH'b yKasa^ij Ha KOHeu-b mom. Ko mhb noABHrajiacb bi.i- 
coKaa, njiOTHan {pnrypa. noxoAKa 3HaKOMaa. <t>Hrypa Towe. fl y3- 

HaJTb erO. 3TO 6bI.JI'b KHTHUMH'b. OhTj B03Bpam,ajICH CO C'beMOK'b 

bt> AenapTaiweHT-fe HapHHbO, KojiOM6ia. Bcxp/BHa Sbijia coBepuieH- 
ho HeoKHAaHHaa. CTpaHHO, HeBtpoHTHO, 6hjio AyMaTb, hto Mepe3-b 
ceMb ji+yrb mh bctp-bthmch btj K)>khoh AiwepHicB. «Khttj» H3iwfe- 
hhjich Majio. Xoth Ha Heiwb 6buio HJTaTCKoe njiaTbe, BoeHHaa 6m- 
erpaa noxoAKa ocTajiacb. T-fe x.e otphbhcthh ABHwema, Torb 
x.e fijiecTamift, ynopHbift B3rJiflA"b nepHbix-b rjiast. h pa3cyAHTe;ib- 
Haa MaHepa roBopHTb. OH-b 6bijn> 6e3-b nuianbi, h ropanee BoHa- 
BeHTypcKoe cojiHne najiHJio ero 6pHTyio rojioBy. «Hy bott>, oMeHb 
paAT> BacT> BHA^Tb! Hy, Kaicb bm Tyi"b nosoiBaeTe? Pa6oTaeTe, 
KaKT> BHwy, rpy3HHK0M-b?». 

— ■ «fla, r-H'b KanHTaH-b 1-ro paHra. Tenepb rpy3HHKOiwb». 
Offb B3H,;rb MeHH noA"b pyKy h mm HawajiH xoAHTb no MOJiy 
B3aA"b h BnepeA'b, BcnoMHHaa npomjioe. «CaHTa PnTa» yxoAH;ia 
Hepe3T> nacb h CBHAaHie 6mjio HeAOJiroe. Mm noxoAHJiH eme 
neMHoro h «KHT"b», ciwaxHyjrb cb raa3Tj Ha6"B>KaBiiiyH) cjie3y. 
«CaHTa Po3a» y«fe orAaBa^a kohuu. «npomaflTe, wejiaio Bau-b 
yentxa, CMacTba». noc^i-BAHee nowa-rie pyK-b, nocji-BAHift B3rjiHA"b, 

H MM pa3CTa,/IHCb. 

3T0 6bMO Bl nOC/TBAHiH pa3"b, MTO H BHA'BJI'b KuTHUMHa. H 
HIWE^-b OTTb Hero OAHO nHCbMO B"b HaHaMTj H3T> BaiHHHXTOHa, 

bt? otbTdTTj Ha Moe. H Apyroe — no3ApaBjieHie cb PowAecTBOivrb 
20 



HCAaBHO, H3'b 4>JIOpHAbI. HO BT> MOeft IiaMHTM OHT> npeAcraBjiH- 

eTca Bcei\a,a TaKt: CHHift KHTejib ct> TeoprieM'b bi> neTJiHU/fe, to- 
ponjiHBaa noxoAKa. wepHbie, ynopHo rjiHAflinie rjia3a, otphbh- 

CTblH ABH5KeHJH H HeOWHAaHHblH p-fiMH. Oh^ SblJITD AJIH BCBXTj 

Hacb o6pa3uoM , b AOJira, nee™, p-EuiHTejibHaro o6pa3a A"BHCTBiH 

H WeCTHOCTH». 



floxoA'b «Opjia» h «HKyTa» npenpacHO h noApo6HO onnca- 
hh KaKij B-b «Kojibi6ejiH Oji0Ta» (rjiaBa 42-h, CTp. 265-269), Tan-b 

H BTj BOCnOMHHaHiHXt M. A. fOHaKOBa, TaKJKe KaKTa H A'BHTejIb- 

HOCTb Mhx. AjieKC. HaMajibHHKOM-b CTpoeBoft nacTH MopcKoro 
Kopnyca bi> BH3eprE, h noBTopHTb hxt? He npeACTaBjiHerb Ha- 
AoShocth. 

B-b 1922 r. Mhx. AjieKC. npH6biji-b bi. Hbio-Plopicb. C-b ero 
npi-B3AOMTj, o6"beAHHeHie mopckhxi. oi|)HHepoB'b, npH6biBaio- 
Ui,HXT> B-b CLIJA, rjiaBHblMTb 06pa30MTj B-b Hbio-Pfopicb, Ha^ajio 
noABHraTbCH SbicTpbiM-b TeMnoM-b. 06pa30Bajiacb KHHuiaTHBHaa 
rpynna, bo rjiaB-fe KOTopoft BCTaji-b Mhx. AjieKC. no ero HHHuia- 
thb-b kt> o6"beAHHeHiio 6biJia npHB^eneHa rpynna «3BeHO», co- 

CTOHBUJaH H3Tj ero BOCnHTaHHHKOBTj, npOH3BeAeHHbIXTb BT> 0(J)H- 

uepu B-b 1920 r., KOTopaa BjiHJiacb B-b O-bo GhbiuhxI) PyccKHx-b 

MopCKHXT> OcpHUepOB-b, B"b KOTOpOlWb Mhx. AjieKC. 6bUl1> Bbl6- 

paH-b npeACBAaTe^eM-b, Ha ao^dkhocth Koero Offb npo6bijrb ao 
KOHna 1925 r. BnocjrbACTBiH Mhx. AjieKC. ShjiTj H36paH'b rioMeT- 
m.iM'b u^eHOMTj O-Ba. 

O CBoeMTj npe6bmaHiH bt> CI1IA Mhx. A^eKC. BcnoMHHaerb: 
«Ilo npn6biTiH bt. Hbio-PIopKT., nocjrB nepBbix-b HeyB-BpeHHbix'b 
maroB'b h namtJi-b cbow JiHHiio paSoTbi Ha MyHHUHnajibHOH cjiyx- 
6^, na KOTopyio SbWb npHHHTb noMomHHKOiwb HHmeHepa Ha no- 
cipoHKy TyHHejia, npoxoAHinaro noA^ ptKoft. B-b 1930 r. h Me- 
hhjich Ha Mrs. Claire Redeker. BcKopt nocrb a-roro HanaJiacb 
AenpecciH h h «BpeMeHHO» jihhihjich cjiyx.6hi. Mni yAaJiocb ycrpo- 
HTbCH Ha cbeMKy njiaHTauin bt> ropax-b KojiyivtSiH, noA"b caMHM-b 
aKBaTopoNTb. nocjrfc Tpexi. .tbttj npe6biBaHin bt> K)>khoh Aiwe- 
pHK'fe h BepHy^ca B"b Hbio-PlopK'b h nojiyqH^T> o6paTHo CBOe 
npemnee iwecto; 'raKt Kant npoABH>KeHie Ha MyHHUHnajibHOH 

CJI\'}k6"E 33BHCejIO 0Tb KOHKypCHblXX. 3K3aMeHOB"b, H 3aC'B./I'b 3a 
KHHrH H yCntlUHO BblAepjKajrb H-BCKOJIbKO 3K3aMeHOB'b, MTO no3- 

bo.ihjio Mut npoABiinyTbCH no cjiy>K6'b h nojiyiHTb paSoTy no 

21 



nocrpoHK-fe aam6u B"b ropax-b HenoAa^ieKy orb Hbio-PlopKa. Mbi 
ycTpoH^HCb TaM-b OHeHb xopouio, ho Haqajiacb BoftHa h cb ea 

pa3BHTieM"b Ha^ajIHCb 3aTpyAHeHJH Cb HeXBaTKOH MaTepbH^OBTa 

h paSoneft chjim. noaroMy npoeKrb fibijit BCKopt npiocraHOB- 
•neub, a a 6bi;rb bt> ny™ Kt HOBOMy Mtcry cjiy>K6bi — -ronorpa- 
(pHMecKHM-b HHmeHepoM-b B-b u. S. Naval Mine Depot Yorktown, 
Virginia. U. S. Naval Mine Depot — Mhhhhh ropoAOK-b, no 

HaUlUWh npe>KHHMT3 nOHaTJaM'b BC/IHHHHOH Cb nOpHAOMHblH 
noprb, HBJIHJ1CH r^aBHblMb UeHTpOMTb npOH3BOACTBa h CHa6>Ke- 

hjh Bcero aiwepHKaHCKaro cpjio-ra MHHaMH, TopneAaMH, aapo-6oM- 
oaMH h r. n. H npHSbijiia TyAa bt> caMbift pa3rapTj bohhm, KorAa 
B'b /Jeno KHirbvia .iiHxopaAOHHaa pa6oTa. npH6;iH3HTejibHO 12000 
mca. paSoTajiH Ha TpH cm-ehh, ceMb AHeft bt> hca^io. Mofl Ha- 

MaJIbHHKT), OTVIHMHblM H OnblTHblft HHiKeHepi), HCMeAJieHHO B03- 
JlOMHJl-h Ha MeHH HaCTb CBOeft paSOTM. KpOlWfe 3TOH iKHBOH 
A"BHTe^IbHOCTH, euie OAHO o6CTOaTe./IbCTBO OCTaBHJIO MHt npiHT- 

HbiH BocnoMHHaHia: co mhok) pa6oTa./iH bt> KanecTB-fe MepTe>KHH- 
kobt. h HJieHOB-b cbeMOHHijixTj nap-rift rpynnbi MaTpocoB'b, 6ojib- 
inefi ^acTbK) cb 2-3 roAaMH HmKeHepHaro o6pa30BaHia, npepBaH- 

HarO BOHHOft. C"b 3THMH MOJIOAHMH JIIOAbMH y MeHH 6blCTpO 
yCTaHOBHJIHCb OTHOUieHifl, nOXO>KiH Ha B3aHMOOTHOIlieHiH B'b 

iipoiii^oiMCb cb rapAeiwapHHaMH, KOTopux-b ohh mh-b oneHb Hano- 
MHHa^H. Ohh nacTo SbiBajiH y Hacb bt> aom"b, aceHa KopMHjia Hx-b 
o6"BAaMH, ycrpaHBajia hhkhhkh, a ohh noB-fepajiH cboh ropecTH 
h paAOCTH h, AOJiro euie noc/rfc bohhm, mh nojiynajm orb hmxtd 

nHCbMa Cb CpOTOrpaCpiflMH HeB'BCT'b H HOBblX!) CeMeHCTBTj. 

BoAHa KOHHHjiacb, h HaAO 6buo onHTb ABHraTbCH. Mbi p-fe- 
iuhjih B'b Hbio-PIopK'b He B03BpainaTbca, h a ycrpoHJi-b ceS^ ne- 

peBOATb B-b U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Dept. of Interior. 
3to ynpoKAeme 3aHHMacrca pa3BHTieM-b opouieHift cyxHXT> 3e- 
Me^b B'b sanaAHbixTs 0113x3x13, npeAnpHHHBmee rpaHAio3Hbift 
npoeKT-b HppHrauiH. noc/rfeAHie 7 ji-BTb a npoBejrb Ha TaKt Ha- 
3biBaeM0M-b Columbia Basin Project, Ha aojdkhocth noMoiuHH- 
na HH>KeHepa cenuiH, 3aAawa KOTopoft Sbijia noApo6Hoe njiaHH- 
poBaHie Bcfex-b HppHrauioHHbix'b KaHajiOB-b h 6bijia pacnoaoweHa 
okojio ropoAKa Meca, HenoAajiexy oti> Hauiero ^arepa. 

Bib 1955 r. mm OTnpa3AHOBajiH H-fecKO^bKo roAOBiuHH-b: B'b 
cpeBpa^-fe — 50-Ji'BTHiH K)6H^efl co BpeiweHH npoH3BOACTBa Ha- 
uiero Bbinycna, B'b aBrycrfe — Hauiy cepedpaHyio CBaAb6y, OMeHb 

TpOraTejIbHO OTIWEMeHHyiO BCBMH HaUIHMH Apy3baMH H, HaKO- 

Heuij, B'b ceHTaSp-fe mh-b MHHy^o 70 Ji'BT'b. B'b 1956 r. a Bbiiue^Tb 
B'b OTcraBKy, K-b TOMy »e Moe 3AopoBbe CTajio CAaBaTb: AOKTopa 

22 



naiiiJiH apTepio-CK./iepo3'b h pacujHpeHie K./ianaHa cepAUa — hh- 
Mero yrpoa<aiom,aro, npocTo h crajrb 6biCTpo ycTaBaTb h noqyB- 

CTBOBaJTb CBOH B03paCTb. HanajIbCTBO H COCJiy>KHBU,bI ycrpoHjiH 
MHt OMeHb TpOraTe^bHbie npOBOAbl, Ha KOTOpblXTa npHCyTCTBO- 
B&Jlli BCB MOH HaMa;ibHHKH H paSOMie H, KpOM-B JIHMHblX'b no- 

AapKOB-b, mh-b BpyMH^H TaK"b Ha3biBaeMyio Citation noAnHcaHHyio 
Secretary of Interior h 6poH30Byio MeAa^b». 

noc^'BAHie roAw Mhx. AjieKc. cb cynpyrofi nepe6paJiHCb bo 
<J>«iopHAy, rA"B nocejiH^HCb B-b ropoA"B Mayurb flopa. 



Bt> ./Wirt M. A. KHTHUbma yiuejrb bt> .aymniH Mip"b coBep- 
uieHHo HCKjnoMHTC/ibHbiH no cbohmtj AyiueBHbiM'b KanecTBaMi. 
MejioB'BK'b, coBM-feiuaBuiift btj ce6"E u.-ejimh pflA"b Ao6poA"bTe^eH. 

Mhx. A^ieKc. 6bijrb HCKjiioMHTe^bHo o6aaTe^bHHH ne./ioB'EK'b 
poBHaro, cnoKoftHaro h BbiAepmaHHaro xapaKTepa, BcerAa Aep- 

JKaBUiiHCH Cb AOCTOHHCTBOM-b, KaiCb CO CTapUIHMH BT> MKHt, TaK"b 
H Cb nOAWHHeHHHMH. CKOpte 3aMKHyTbIH H MOJTWajIHBblH, OHT> 
HMliJIl MaJIO 6./IH3KHX"b APV3CH, HO 3aTO He 6bI./IO HHKOrO, KTO 6bl 

ck'a3ajn> o Heiwb HTO-HH6yAb Aypnoe. O ce6"B h cbohxt> 3acay- 
rax-b ohtj npeAnoMHTa./rb He roBopHTb, He jnoSHjrb BbiA"B^HTbCH 
H HHKorAa He HiwE^-b KaKoft-HH6yAb mhcjih o jihmhoh BbiroA"b. 

Flo OTHOineHiio kt> noAWHHeHHbiivrb Mhx. AjieKC. BcerAa 6burb 

3a60T7IHB'b H CnpaBeA^IHBTj H HeHSM-BHHO nOJIb30BajICH HXT> AK>- 

SoBbK) h AOB'fepieM'b. Ohtj He npHHHMajrb HeofiAyMaHHbixT) p-Buie- 
Hift h yiu'BJi'b, He noApbiBaa CBoero aBTopHTeTa, noourpHTb cbo- 

HXT> nOAHHHeHHblXTj BbICKa3MBaTb CBOH MH'BHiH H 06cy>KAaTb C03- 

AaBuiyiocfl oScTaHOBKy. noo/i-fc SToro OH-b, hh cb k-emtj He cob'b- 

TVHCb, npHHHMaJI"b p-ElUemH 6e3T> BCHKHX-b KOJie6aHift H aoboahjit> 

Hxt ao 6^aronpiaTHaro KOHua. CyAbSa eMy Macro 6;iaroBo;iH,7ia. 
IlpHHHMan OTB-BTCTBeHHOCTb, OHt Bceu,-BAO BbiHOCH^TD ee Ha CBO- 
hxt> njieqax-b, ynopHO npeoAOjrBBan bcb npennTCTBin. 

Mhx. AvieKC. 6bi^"b HCKpeHHifl pyccKifl naTpiorb h r;ry6oKO 
pejiHrio3HHH qejioB-BK-b, 6e33aB-ETHO npeAaHHbift cpJioTy. Mhx. 
AjieKC ocraBHjrb no ceSt Tenjryio naMHTb, h h-bttj neAOB-BKa, ko- 
TopbiH He ropeBajit 6bi o ero CMepTH. 

Mnp-b npaxy ero . . . B-feMHaa einy naMHTb . . . 

r. H. Tay6e. 

m i ■ 

23 



MHxaHJiij A. K)HaKOBT>, BbinycKa Mopcnoro ymijinma 1920 r. — 

«KHTHUblHCKarO». 



MOH BOCnOMUHAHIH 

KAnMTAHt 1T0 PAHrA 

MHXAH/lfc A/lEKCAHflPOBHHfc KUTMUblHfc 



Bi. CBOHx-b BocnoMHHaHiHxi> h He 6yAy KacatbCH npoxo)KAe- 
Hia cAy*6bi MMxaHjioM-b AjieKcaHApoBimeM'b, t. e. ero cJiyaceHin 
PocciH, HMiiepaTopcKOMy cp^oTy, h ero noABHroB'b bi> l-yjo 
MipoByio BOHHy, a nocrapaiocb TOJibKo oxBaTHTb nepioA'b Bpe- 
MeHH cb 1917 roAa no 1922 roA^ BKjnoMHxejibno, KorAa h luiaBajib 
h yHHjiCH noA"b ero HanajibCTBOM'b. 

MHOroe HCMC3JIO H3'b naMHTH H 3ariOMHH^HCb TOJIbKO OT- 

A"BJibHbie MOMeHTbi, KOTopwe, MOKerb 6biTb, He noKajKyrcH mh- 
TaTejiro oco6eHHo BawHbiMH a-'ih Henpojiora, ho ohh iioneiviy-To 

TSLK'b BpteajIHCb BT> naMHTb, KaK'b 6yATO IipOH3011IJIH COBCEM'b 

HeAaBHo. BcnoMHHaeTCH mh-b 1917 peBOJiKmioHHbifi roA"b, KorAa 

H BnepBbie BCTptTHJICH Cb MHXaHJIOM-b A^eKCaHApOBHWCM-b. 

3to 6bi.no btj O. T. K. Bohah B-b poTHoe noM-femeHie, h yBHA'fcjib 
ocpHuepa cb HaiiiHBKaMH KanHTaHa 2-ro paHra Ha TywypicE, 6e3'b 

HarpyAHblXTj SHaKOBTj, HO Cb MHOrOrOBOpHUJ,HMb OpAeHOMTj Cb. 

TeopriH. Bcbx-b npoxoAHiu.Hx'b mhmo Hero ohi> oKHAbiBaji-b 

HblTJIHBblM'b H npOHHU,aTejIbHbIM'b B3rjIHAOM'b CBOHXTj WepHbIXT> 
rJl'd'Slj. BHAHO 6bIJIO, HTO OH'b 3HaK0MHJICH Cb HaMH. Mbl BCB. 

KOHeMHo, AoraAHBajiHCb, mto sto 3aB-BAyiouiiH 06y i ieHieM'b rap- 
24 



aeMapHFrb B"b npeACTOHiueM'b Haiwh iuiaBaHiH, npife^a KOToparo 
HH o>KHAaJiH. BcKopt 6burb cbirpaHT> «c6op'b», B'b poTy npH- 
weji~b ajiMupaji-b Opc/iOBi*, kotopuh npeACTaBHjrb Haiwb Hauiero 
oyAymaro HaMajibHHKa, KanHTaHa 2-ro paHra KHraubiHa. nocji-fe 

KOMaHflH «pa30HTHCb», T"B H3Tp HaCb, KTO 6bIJIH nOCM"B,?I"Ee. nO- 

aoiujih kt> Heiviy, h nocTeneHHo OH-b 6burb OKpyweH-b HaMH. y 
BCBXT> HaCb 6hlJlO MHOrO BCHKHX"b BonpocoB-b, KacaiomHxcH 
npeACToainaro iuiaBaHm, h, kohcmho, 6hjio MHoro bchkhxtd bo- 
npocoB-b noJiHTHHecKaro xapaKtepa, ran-b KaK"b B'b CKopoM'b 
BpeiweHH o>KHAa;iCH coabiB-b yMpeAHiejibHaro Co6paHin. Ha bcb 
BonpocH mh nojiyHHJiH KopoTKie h HCHbie otb-bth, a mto Kaca- 
ctch noJiHTHMecKaro nojioweHin, to MHxaHjrb AjieKcaHApoBHM'b 
CKa3ajrb crrE/iyioiuee: «. . . ajih MeHH jihwho KOHCTHTyuioHHaa 
MOHapxia 6bma 6h SoJite npieMJieiwa h yKemrejihua, ho npHHH- 
MaH bo BHHMame HacTpoeHie uacch . . . Jiymue 6yAerb, ecjin 6y- 
Aerb pecny6jiHKa. Hame A"kJio He nojiHTHKa, a cjiya<6a Ha cpjio- 

TE, K"b KOTOpOH Bbl AOJDKHH rOTOBHTbCH». CKa3aB"b 3T0, Mh- 
XaHJTb AjieKCaHApOBHW'b nOCMOTp'BJI'b Ha HaCb CBOHMTj nblTJIH- 
BbIM"b B3rJIflAOMT), KaK^ 6bl IKCJiaH yOtiAHTbCH, AOUIJIO JIH 3TO 

AO Hacb. Bo bcexTj cbohxt> AajibH'BHLUHX'b pa3roBopax , b Cb Ha- 
MH MHxan;rb AjieKcaHApoEHH-b npeAOCTeperajrb Hacb ott> Ka- 

KHX'b-^H60 nO^HTHWeCKHXTa BblCTynjieHift, KOTOpblH M0I7IH 6bl 

6biTb HCTO^KOBaHbi HaiuHMH BparaMH KaK-b HBHoe He>KejiaHie 

IIOAMHHHTbCH HOBbIM"b nOpHAKaM'b. HaCKOJIbKO MHTa IIOMHHTCH, 
HHKaKHXTj nOJIHTHWeCKHXt HHU,HAeHTOB'b HH B'b rieTpOrpaA"k, HH 

bo BjiaAHBOCTOKto, He 6hjio. Eahhctbchho, bo BpeMH nyra, i\Afe- 
to 3a Omckomi>, Haui'b nacoBOH 3AMyHA"b Ioakobckjh (Kan. 2 p. 
no;ibCKaro (pJiOTa, norH6i> B'b KaTbniH) cropnqa orp'bjib npn- 
KJiaAOM-b KaKoro-ro cojiAaia Ae3epTHpa, KOTopufi HaxajibHO 
JI-B3T3 B'b rapACMapHHCKiH BaroHiD. Ho sto nponuio KaiCb-TO He- 

:i;)Mt.ML'II0, H HHKaKHXT) 3aiipOCOBl) CO CTOpOIlbl y IIIC'./IOIICKarO 

KOMHTera lie noc/i-RAOBajio. 

Hy>KHo cKa3aTb, hto Hami* BbinycKb cocTOJurb H3"b rapXCMa- 
pHiib 6. MopcKoro E. H. B. H. IX yMHJiHiua h H3"b rapAeMapHHb 
3-efi poxbi OTA'b.'ibHbixTj rapAeiwapHHCKHxi) K^accoBt. npieM-b 

B'b OrK CMHTa^ICH AeMOKpaTHMeCKHM'b. T. K. BTj HeiWb 6bIJI b 

K8K0H-T0 npoueHTi) He ABopHHi., a MOJKerb 6i,rrb Aa>Ke h 6ojib- 
HiHHCTBo. Hana;ibCTBO, hobhahmomv, 6oH^ocb, hto Me>KAy rap- 
AeMapHHaMH 6yAeTi> nocTOHHHaH Bpa>KAa, h noaTOMy MnxaHJi-b 
A.ieKcaHApoBHM-b Henojib30Bajrb Bee CBoe BJiiHHie Ha nacb, hto- 
Gh bi. 3apoAbiiHtj npectwb Aa»e pa3roBopbi o couiajibHOMt 

25 



npOHcxOKAeHin. 3to eiwy JierKO yaajiocb h, KaK'b h noMHio. hm- 

KaKOH P03HH Me>KAy HaMH He SblJIO, H K"b MOMCHTy OTb'fe3Aa H3"b 

HeTporpaAa BbinycK-b npeAcraBJiJurb coSofi MOHOJiHTHyio Maccy, 
bt> KOTopofl coeAHHHJiHCb MopcKoe E. H. B. H. U,. ynHJiHiue h 
OTA"BJibHbie TapAeiviapHHCKie Kjiaccu, t. e. t^ BoeHHO-MopcKin 
yqeSHbia 3aBeAeHia, kotopuh AaBajin HMnepaTopcKOMy <J>jioTy h 

P0CCiH OAHHaKOBO A06jieCTHbIX-b MOJIOAMX-b 0(pHUepOBTj. C"b 

nepBhixTj >Ke Anefi rapAeiwapHHbi y6'EAHJiHCb, hto hxtj BeAerb 

OtpHUepij, VM'felOmiH KOMaHAOBaTb H Tpe60BaTb, H, KaK'b 9TO 
HH CTpaHHO, CpeAH HaCTj B"b 3TO BpeMH He SblflO HeAOBO./IbHblX'b, 
H BCB KaK1b-TO He3aM-BTHO nOAMHHHJIHCb TBepAOH BOJlt OnblT- 

Haro KoiwaHAHpa noABOAnofi jioakh. He./ib3H CKa3aTb, mo y Haeb 
He 6bijio HHKaKHX-b npocTynKOBi) — HHorAa mm npHWHHHJin eiviy 
MHoro oropneHifl, bi> oco6eHHocTH bij nepBoe BpeMH, ho hhcjio 
TaKHx-b npocTynKOBTD Bee yMeHbiuajiocb. 

Bo BpeMH 1-ofi MipoBoft bohhu rapAeMapHHCKia poTbi Mop- 

CKOrO yMHJIHLUa H OTAiaJIbHblXl. rapAeMapHHCKHX"b KjiaCCOB'b 

xoahjih bi> njiaBaHie Ha .HajibHeM-b Boctok-b. npo'B3A'b uepe3b 

MaHHJKypiK) 06bIKH0BeHH0 COnpOBO>KAaJICH «Mpe3M'BpHI>IM'b no- 

Tpe6jieHieM'b cnHpTHbixi> HanHTKOB-b*. y HanajibCTBa orb 9Toro 
«6oji'fe.jia rojioBa», TaKJKe KaK'b h y rapAeMapHHTs, no 6opoTbca 
cb sthmtd 6hjio noMTH HeB03MO>KHo, t. k. 3To cTajio rapAeMa- 
Phhckoh TpaAHuiefi. Haunj BbinycK"b Towe otjihhhjich h, no a/io- 
BaM-b Tpe3BeHHHKOB-b, Hejib3H 6bijio CKa3aTb, hto mh bcam ce6a 
npHJiHHHO. KaKb >Ke pearHpoBaji-b Ha 3to 6e3o6pa3ie Kan. 1 p. 

KHTHUblH-b? riOMHK) MTO 6bUI0 XOJIOAHOe paHHee yTpO Ha KaKOH- 

to CTaHuin MaHM>KypiH. ropHncrb curpajib «6ojibmoH c6op"b», 
no KOTopoMy He npocHyBiniecH nocjit 3aryjia rapAeMapnHbi Bbi- 
xoahjih Ha neppomb, Ha xoAy 3anpaBJiHH rojuiaHAKH h 3acTern- 
BaH SypmjiaTbi. MHxanjrb A./ieKcaHApoBHH'b y«e AaBHO xoahjit^ 
no neppoHy h AO>KHAajiCH, KorAa bcb co6epyTCH. He TaK"b MHoro 
6bijio cjiobtj, ho 3aTo 6wjio MHoro cKa3aHo. MHxanjrb AjieKcaHA- 

pOBHM-b npHrp03HJIT3 HaMTs, MTO HO npH6bITiK) BO B-JiaAHBOCTOK-b 

ohTj noinjierb panoprb o cjiynHBineMCH bt^ MnHHCTepcTBO n ot- 
Ka*;eTCH Bee™ 3arpaHHny Tanyio HeAncuHn^HHHpoBaHHyio Maccy 
pacnymeHHbix'b mojioahxtj jnoAefl, HeAoeroHHbix'b rapAeMapnH- 
CKaro 3BaHia. OnacHocTb 6buia cepbe3Han, h noaTOMy 6biJia no- 
CJiaHa kt> MHxaHjiy AjieKcaHApoBHHy AenyTauiH cb oS^HCHeHiflMH 

H H3BHHeHiHMH, KOTOpyK) MHXaHJTb AjieKCaHApOBHq-b, 3a BCBX-b 

HacTj, KaK'b cji-BAyerb «npoApaH^-b cb necKOMt*. Hamib komh- 

TeT"b BepHyjICH Cb KHCJIblMH CpH3iOHOMiHMH, HO B"b peSyjIbTaT^ 

2b 



je6ouinpcTBO npeKpaTHJiocb h mh 6jiaronoJiyHHO AcfcxajiH ao 
B^aAHBocTOKa. 

ynacb ch AecHTHJi-bTHHro B03pacTa bt> HHweropoACKOM'b 

KaAeTCKOMTj KOpnyCB H, BnOCTEACTBJH, BTj MopCKOMT. E.M.B.H.LJ,. 

ywH.'iHm'B, h HHKorAa He BCTp'feMaji'b TaKoro npeKpacHaro neAa- 
rora h ocpHHepa-BocnHTaTC/ia, KaKHiwb 6bi^'b MHxaHjrb AjieK- 

aiHApOBHH"b, KOTOpblH nOHTH HHKOTAa He HaKJiaAMBajI'b B3bICKa- 

Hifl, ho 3aTO Ka>KAt>iH npoBHHHBHiiflcH yxoAHJi'b OTb Hero 6e3"b 
3»to6i.i h cb nojiHHM'b co3HaHieMT> CBoeft bhhh. noc/i-E Moero 
yxoAa H3"b cpJioTa a Bbi6pajrb ceSt HOByK) npocpecciio h cztb- 
.la^CH neAaroroM-b-npocpeccioHajiOM-b. /I.o.jiweH'b CKa3aTb, hto b-i> 
npoAo;i>KeHie CBoeft non™ 30-ji'BTHeH neAarorHnecKoft A"kaTe./ib- 

HOCTH H He OAHH"b pa3"b yS-fe^AaJICH B-b npaBHJIbHOCTH BOCnHTa- 

-rejibHbixiD MeTOAOB-b MHxaHJia AjieKcaHApoBHna, t. e. hto CHa- 
najia ny>KHO Ao6HTbca BJiiaHia HaA"b noAHHHeHHbiMH hjih yna- 

IUHMHCH, a nOTOM-b HCKpeHHOCTbK) CBOHXT> y6-B)KAeHifi AOKa3aTb 
BCBM"b, MTO BCe TO, HTO Tpe6yeTCH OTb HHXTj, HB^IHeTCH HC06X0- 

AHMocTbK). Ha,ea MHxaHJia AjieKcaHnpoBHHa 6bi.na: BoeHHO-Mopc- 
i<an HAeH, cjiy>K6a Ha cpjioT-fe h PocciH. B.'iiaa Ha Hacb 5 OH-b ao- 
ohjich Toro, mto mh Bcfe MenTajiH o AH"b B03po>KAeHia pyccKaro 
ijviora. Ha,ea MnxaHjia AjieKcaHApoBHna CTajia HAeeft BbinycKa, 
h bcb ero npHKa3H, KopoTKie, neTKie h acHbie hcoojihhjihci> 
BcerAa 6e3npei<oc;ioBHO. ElepeAt HanajioM-b 3arpaHHHHaro nna- 

BUHiH HaBtpHOe He TOJIbKO y MeHH OAHOrO nOHB^H^aCb MblC^b: 

a He Jiymue ;ih 6yAerb Ha Bee 3-to mnoHyTb h yft™ na-CTopoHy 
h CKa3aTb BceMy HapoAy — HAHxe h c;iy>KHTe caMH! Bo^buJHHCT- 
bo H3T3 Hacb n^aBa^o Ha cyAax-b A^HCTByioinaro ^pjiora, h noaTOMy 

MM BCK) 3Ty pa3pyxy BHA'bVIH H BOOHJK) y6"BAH./IHCb, HTO CA"fejiaTb 

y>Ke HHHero Hejib3a. FIomhhtch mhtd, hto bo BpeMa njiaBama Ha 
BcnoM. Kpeflcep-fe «Opejrb» Kaicb-TO kt> Harnett pa3roBapHBaK>meii 
rpynn-fe noAOLue;rb SouMaH-b — CTapuft ony^KaKa. He noMHK) 
ceftnacb, o HeM"b mh tobophjih, ho B"b kohive pa3roBopa 6ou,- 
MaH"b, nocMOTp'BB'b Ha Hacb bcbxtj, cKa3a^i> — «A bh, r-Aa rap- 
AeMapHHbi, HaB-fepHoe yftAeTe H3t (pJiOTa, KorAa kohhhtch BOHHa! 
OneHb SyAeTi) >Kajib, ho Mo>Kerb 6biTb eme Bee HajiaAHTca, Hy>K- 
ho TOJibKO HeMHoro noTepn-BTb*. H Taxaa rpycTb 6ujia BHAHa B"b 
rjia3ax~b B-fepHaro c/iymaKH. 

H3"b Bcero Hauiero BbinycKa yuuio Ao6poBO^bHO TO^bKO 
HtcKo^bKO He^0BT3K'b btj neTporpaA"b. ao npi"B3Aa MnxaHJia 
A^eKcaHApoBHHa. HtKOTopwe 6ujm OTHHC/ieHbi bo BjiaAHBOCTO- 
Kt noc^"B B03BpameHia H3Ta njiaBaHJH, ho 3TO He 6hjio p-feiueHi- 

27 



eiwb caiworo Mnxanjia AjieKcaHApoBMMa, a nocTaHOBJiemeMb 
yMe6HO-BocnHTaTejibHaro coB-BTa, bt> KOTopoiwb 6biJio MHoro ho- 
Bbixia SjiecTHinHx-b ocpnnepoB'b-cneu.iajiHCTOB'b, ho He njiaBaB- 
iijhxtj ctj HaMH h, noaTOMy, h mh 6biJiH ajih hhxtj noKa eme 

Wym^blMH H OHH HaCb He nOHHMajIH. Bcfe 0T4HCJieHHbie OCTaJIHCb 

Ha (pJiOT-fe, 6mjih npoH3BeAeHH B-b ocpHuepw n AoSjiecrao cpa- 

>KaJIHCb B"b BojDKCKO-KaMCKOH (pJIOTHJliH H BO BjiaAHBOCTOK-fi fib 

Ch6hpckoh (pjioTHJiin npn MepKyjiOBCKOwcb npaBHTejibCTB'fe. 

npOH30IUJia, KOHeMHO, OLUH6Ka, KOTOpaH He C^VMHJiaCb 6bl eCJIH 

6h Kan. 1 p. KHTHUHHTb He pacTepnjrb Bcbx-b cbohxij 6jmmavi- 

LUHX-b nOMOIH,HHKOB'b H HaiUHX'b JIK>6HIvmeB'b, KOTOpbie HMtjIH H3 

Hacb oqeHb 6ojibmoe BJiiaHie, uan-h, uanpuwbpt>, jiefiTeHam"b 
Kpay3e, yiwepmifl bt> HnoHin nepeAT> caMbiM"b npiteAOM-b bo Bjia- 
AHBocTOK-b, CTap. jieflT. OeoAOCbeB'b, kotopmh 6biJiTj Ha3HaneHT> 
KOMaHAHpoM-b «LUhjikh» h yiuejrb B-b KpbiMt, dap. JieflT. A. Ore- 

naHOB"b, KOTOpblH yfexajlt BTj BOJUKCKO-KaMCKVK) CpJIOTHJliK) H 

Apyrie. 

HeCMOTpH Ha BCE nOTepH BOJIbHblH H HeBOJIbHblfl Bbl- 

nycKTa namt cboio MOHOJiHTHocTb He noTepHji"b, h bcb ymeAuuie 
B-b FleTporpaAti h BjiaAHBOCTOK-fe, 6yAynn y>Ke btj 9MHrpau,iH, 
bepHyjiHCb btj cboh — «KHTHiibiHCKifl» — - BbinycK-b. nopa3H- 
TejibHoe BjiiHHie Mnxanji-b AjieKcaHApoBnq-b 0Ka3biBajrb Aaace h 
na KOMaHAy, KOTopaa ero cpaBHHTejibHo Majio 3Hajia. fl noMHK) 
MHorojiioAHoe o6m,ee co6paHie KOMaHAi> yneSHaro OTpaAa, co- 
CTOHBmaro mi> MHHOHOCueB-b «rpoMKifl», «BoflKifl» H BCnOM. 
Kpeflcepa «Opeji-b». OweHb BjiiHTejibHoft rpyimofl cpeAH MaTpo- 
cobt> 6buiH npbie 6ojibiiieBHKH, KOTOpbie AepmajiH Bckx-b bt> py- 
Kax-b. MaTpocaMi) He HpaBHjiocb, hto otpnuepbi Ha Siwibix'b kh- 
TejiHxt HocHT-b nepHbie noroHbi cb HauiHBKaMH. 06in,ee co6panie 
norpe6oBa^o 06-bHCHenifl orb «TOBapHina» Kan. 1 p. KHTHUbma. 
Mnxan/rb AjieKcaHApoBHq-b oe-bHCHHjrb, hto sto Han^enHbie 3Ha- 
kh, 3HaneHia noroH'b He HM-feiomie. EIoAHJUiHCb cnopbi ct> ynoMH- 
HaHieMij npoKJiHTaro napcKaro pejKHMa h so^othxij noroH'b. Mh- 
xaHAb AjieKcaHApoBHH-b, noAHHBuincb, cKa3ajn>, He o6pain,aacb hh 

K'b KOMy: «BbI BCB SA'BCb npOTHBTa 3THXT>, TaK"b Ha3bIBaeMbIX'b, 

nepHbixt noroH'b. Xoponio, a nx-b otm-bhio, ho Hey)KejiH a^ih Bacb 
fiyA^rb npiHTHo, KorAa Baun> ocpHuepij OTnpaBHTCH ct> bhshtomtj 

Ha HHOCTpaHHblH KOpaSjIb B'b UJTaTCKOM'b? TOHHOH H OnpeA"B.ieH- 

Hon ipopMbi y Hacb ao chxtj nopT> htdTTj h hhkto He 3Haerb, Kor- 
Aa oHa 6yAerb». CKasaB-b aro, Mnxanji-b AjieKcaHApoEHM-b ocTa- 
hHJi'b o6m,ee co6paHie. Pe30JiiouiH o6uj,aro co6paHia 6bijia Hen- 

28 



TpajibHaa, HecMOTpa Ha npeAJiojKemn 6'ojibiueBHKOB'b. FIpoHcxo- 

AHJIO 3TO BT> ToHKOHrt, OTKyAa CKOpO OHH CnHCajIHCb H yillJIH Kb 

Pocciio. 

Bo Bpe\ia Hameft ctohhkh B-b ToHKOHrt, npo-K3AOM-b bTj 
flnoHiro, ocTaHOBHjicH aAMHpa./rb KojmaKi,. Bch ocpnuepbi-MepHO- 
MopuH bo n/iaB-fe cb MnxaHJioM-b AjieKcaHjpoBHqeM'b bctp'Bth- 
jiHCb Cb HHiwb btj otc/i-b Ha 6epery. B-b sto BpeMH B-b Ch6hph 
yxce Bbidyna^Tb npoTHB"b 6ojibmeBHKOB-b aTaMaurb 3a6aftKa,7ib- 
cKaro Ka3anbero BoftcKa ecayjrb CeMeHOB-b, ho hhiokoh TOMHOi'i 
HHcpopiwauiH He 6mjio. He 3HaK) h hc noMHto, o qeM-b roBopmni 
HauiH ocjiHuepi.r cb aAMHpaaoM'b, ho, KaweTCH, hc noc/i-EAHce 
m-rcto 3aHHMa.7Tb BonpocT> o bo3mo>khocth 6opi>6bi ct> 6ojft>me- 

BH3MOMT>. AilMHpajITj B"b TO BpeiWH KaWCTCH 6M,/I"b BCCbMa CKenTH- 

•lecKH HacTpoeHTj h bt> no6-EAy HaA"b peBo^iouioHHOH apiwieii He 

B-fepHJI-b. 

Ct> MOMCHTa npHXOAa YMc6Haro OTpn/ia bt> ToHKOHn. HaMa- 
.;iocb nojiHoe pasjioKeme kom3ham; OTMac™ 9TOMy noMorvia 
BCTptiMa, KOTopyio Haiwb OKa3a.7iH aHrjiHMane. HaBCTpt^iy yqe6- 
HOMy oTpH^y Bbiinc/rb amvrificKift Kpeftcep-b, kotopmh, no 6oeBofl 
rpeBort, HaBejrb Ha Hacb bcio cboio apTHjijiepiio. To >Ke caiwoe 
cA-bjiajiH h SeperoBbie cpopTM Kp-knoc™. nocjrb H-kcKOJibKHx-b 
MacoB-b neperoBopoB'b h OTB-BTOB-b Ha Bonpocbi, KaKOMy npaBH- 
-rejibCTBy mh noAMHHneMCH, KyAa mm np,ewb h no MbeMy npHKa3a- 
Hiio, Hacb BnycTHJin Ha BHyTpeHHift peHA"b, ho nocTaBHJiH Kopa6jin 
Ha 6omkh Ha 6ojibinoM-b pa3CTOHHiH Apyrb orb Apyra. ^py3ba 

HaUIH H3"b KOMaH^bl BCe BpeMH AOHOCHJIH, MTO B"b KOMaHA"B 60JIb- 

moe He/toBOJibCTBO ocpnnepaMH h h-bkotopmmh rapAeiwapHHaiviH, 
h BnoJiH-fc bo3mokho, MTO AoftAerb #o caMocyna, ec/iH Kopa6jiH 
BMHAyTTj B-b Mope. Mh — rapAeMapHHM — ncHxojiorHnecKH He 

6bIJIH TOTOBbl K"b TaKOH 6opb6"E H Ka>KAOMy H3"b HaCb Ka3a,7IOCb 
MVAOBHIU.HOH MblCJIb, MTO KTO-TO H3T3 HaCb AOJDKCH'b 6bITb 6pO- 

uieHT. 3a 6oprb pyccKHMH MaTpocaiviH. OcpHuepbi Hacb ycnoKanBa- 

.,1H H yB^pHJIH, MTO BCe SyACTb XOpOUJO. /1,'BHCTBHTejIbHO, Cb H-BKO- 

Toparo BpeiweHH mm saM'BMajiH, mto Mnxamrb A„ieKC. ryjiHJiT> 

n0 Jl^BbiWh UJKaHUaMTj H O MCMTj-TO COB"BinajICH TO Cb OAHHM'b, 

to cb ApyrnMTj o(pHnepoM"b, no CBoeft npHBHMK'b B3HB-b ero 3a 

JIOKOTb. Mbl MyBCTBOBaJIH, MTO MTO-TO KyeTCH, HO He 3HajlH MTO. 

Ho pa3BH3Ka CKopo npnujjia. B-b oAHH-b coviHeMHMH AeHb K-b Be- 
Mepy npnineji-b aHrjiiftcKift BcnoMoraTejibHbift KpeAcep-b «City of 
London*, a HainHM-b MMHOHOcuaMT) 6mjio npHKa3aHO CTaTb Ha 
6omkh 6jin>Ke kt> «Opjiy». Ha cJi-BAyKJiuift AeHb K-b «Opjiy» no- 

29 



jomejrb KaTepi). y KOToparo Ha hocobomt> cp^iaruuoK'fe pa3B%- 
Ba^icH cpJiarb pyccKaro reHepajibHaro KOHcyjia. KoMaH^a 6biJia no- 
cTaB^eHa bo (j)poHrb, h KOHcyjrb 06'bHBHJi'b, hto Ke^aiouue cnH- 

CaTbCH B"b POCCJK) AOJI>KHbI HeMe,fl,JieHHO npHrOTOBHTbCH H CO CBO- 

hmh BemaMH nepeflTH Ha aHiyiiAcKift BcnoMoraTC/ibHbin Kpeflcep'b 
Aim cjitAOBaHifl bo BjiaAHBocTOK'b. 3a HCKJiioweHieM'b oflHoro yH- 
Tep-b-ocpHuepa bcb MaTpocbi h weTbipe rapAeiwapHHa nepenuiH Ha 
Bcnoiwor. KpeAcep-b. HaciynHJia HOBan spa. Hain-b aKKpe.a.HTHB'b 

OblJITj 3aKpbirb, H Mbl AOJI>KHbI 6bIJIH npeBpaTHTb HaLUl> «Opejn>» 

btj caiwaro oSbiKHOBeHHaro Kynu.a h B03HTb rpy3bi. Mhhohocuh 
6biJiH nocTaBJieHbi B-b kobih-e Cowloon'a h cjrtwia;iHCb Hauieii 
upeivieHHOH 6a3oft, Ha KOTopofi )khjih rapAeiviapHHbi, ec/iH noweMy- 
HHSy^b He ujjih B-b OMepeAHofl peficb btd XaficpOHrb hjih CaftroH'b. 
Eme ao Haujero nepBaro caMOCTOHTejibHaro noxo^a mto-to 

TaKOC CJiyHHJIOCb B"b KaiOT-b-KOMnaniH, HTO 3aCTaBHJI0 MHxaH.ua 

A^eKcaHztpoBHMa noKHHyTb «Opejn>». OSt ero ott j 'B3A'b 3Ha,ia 
TOJIbKO 8-H CMtHa, 0TB03HBlljaH MHxaHJia A^eKcaHj.poBHMa Ha 
6eperb, ho, hchojihhh ero CTporoe npHKa3aHie, OHa HHKOMy hh- 
Mero He CKa3a;ia. Kor\zia )kc o6tj 3tomi> y3HajiH Bch rapAeMapH- 
hh, 6hjio no3AHO — MnxaH^-b AjieKcaHApoBHm> 6bi;rb ya<e Bt 
HnoHJH. 

CHawa^io Bee uijio Kaicb 6y;rro xopouio. «Opejrb» xoahjit. 
bt> pery^apHbie peficbi ToHKOHrb — XaftcpoHrb — CafiroH"b h 
oSpaTHo. MHHOHoceu-b «rpoMKift» 6biji-b nepeaaub (ppaHuv3aMi. 
bo BpeMeHHoe nojib30Bame, a bch apTHJiJiepin «Opjia» co cHapa- 
,iaMH 6wjia cuaHa cppaHuysaM-b Ha xpaHeme. Oahh sth cpaKTbi 
y>Ke He HpaBHJiHCb rapAeiwapHHaMTj, h HaqajiCH ponorb. He xomv 
HHKoro o6BHHHTb h. MO>Kerb 6biTb, npoTHBHHKH MuxaHJia A;ieK- 
can^poBHHa 6hjih no-CBoeMy npaBbi, ho mij-to Bt to Bpeiun 
Ayiwa^H HHane. H3T3 PocciH npHxo^HJiH HSBtcTin, mto KaKie-TO 

HHKOMy HeH3B-ECTHbie MeXOCflOBaKH BblCTynH^H npOTHBTj 60JIb- 

meBHKOB'b h npcuBHrawrcH no ch6hpckoh MarHCTpajw no Ha- 
npaBJieHifo ki. BjiaAHBOCTOKy. Bbuio hcho. hto bi> PocciH Ha3pt- 
Barorb KaKiH-To co6biTin, FCb kotophmtj mm He mokcmi. otho- 
cHTbca 6e3yqacTH0, ct> w-bmij corjiawajiHCb h no/uiep;KHBajiH 

HaC'b CTOpOHHHKH MHXaH^a AjieKCaHflpOBHHa. H3T> KaKTTb-KOM- 

naHiH B'b Xap6HH-b orapaBH^CH JieftT. LLIecraKOB-b, KOTopbifl 
BepHy^CH 4epe3T. H-fecKOJibKO He^tjib h npHBe3-b HHCpopMauiio o 
riojiOKeHJH Ha K. B. >K. J\. H noc^i-fe 3Toro HaMa^iocb cnHCbiBanie 
cb noJiHaro o^oSpeHin ocpHuepoB-b-CTopoHKHKOB-b Mnxan^a 
AjiexcaH/ipBHwa. KoMaHAHp'b «Op^a» bchmcckh iipenaTCTBOBa.n. 

30 



cnHCbiBamK), ho ocTanoBHTb ero He iworb. Mh-b, HanpHM-fep-b, ct> 
oojibuiHM'b CKanzia.JiOM'b yAajiocb cnHca-rbca. H3"b-3a Toro, mo 
a Sbi^Tb e / aHHCTBeHHbiM'b paAio-TejierpacpHCTOM-b, KOManaHp-b He 
xot-bjitj MeHH oTnycKaTb h #a>Ke norpo3Hjrb mh% apecTOM"b, ecjin 
a 6yay oco6eHHo HacroHWHBHM-b, h TOJibKo 6jiaro,aapa noMouiH 
aeftT. Kpay3e a Sbijrb B"b kohu-b-kohuobt> o-rnymeH-b. BcKop-fc 
nocji'fe iwoero orb-fe3,aa bcb rapaeiwapHHbi 6hjih cnHcanbi Ha 
oeperb Ha MHCb Cen-b-^aK-b okojio Caftrona, ri% Hawajmcb 
pery^npHbia 3aHa-ria, KOTopna, kohcwho, npHHecjin hmtd nojib3y. 
Mu >Ke, Haxoiiacb B"b Xap6HH-fe B"b mopckomt. oTpa^'B Kan. 2 p. 
Be3yapa, cb He-repn-EHieM-b WAajiH nepeBopoTa bo BjiaAHBOcro- 
k"b, hto6m OTnpaBHTbCH Ty.ua. OceHbio 1918 roixa BJiacTb oT-b 
acapoB-b nepeui^a B"b npaBbia pyKH 6e3-b eAHHaro BHCTp-k/ia h 
mm bcb 6h./ih nepeBCACHbi B"b pacnopaweHie MHxaH.ua A^ieKcaHA- 

pOBHMa, KOTOpblH K"b TOMy BpeMCHH y»e npHSbljrb H3"b flnOHJH. 

Bcb rap;ieMapHHH 6h;ih BpeiweHHO noiwhineHbi B-b MopcKHx-b 
KasapMax-b. 0>KHiiajiH cKoparo npnGbiTia Bcfcx-b rapiieiwapHH-b 
cb Mbica CeH-b->KaK-b h cb «Op,/ia» h oKOHMaHia peMOHTa bi> 
IlIecjiHepoBCKHx-b Ka3apMax-b, r.a."6 mh aojdkhh 6um >KHTb h 

VMHTbCH. H 3A"BCb npOH30UIJia MOfl BTOpaa BCTp"EWa, KOTOpaH, 

KaKi> h nepBaa, ocoSchho Bp-B3ajiacb MHt B-b naMHTb. fl bos- 
BpaTHJica H3-b OTnycKa h, bohaa B-b Hame BpeiweHHoe iiom-biuc- 
nie, onarb yBHatji-b MnxaHJia AjieKcaRapoBHMa, oKpyweHHaro 
rapaeMapHiiaMH cb paAOCTHHMH cpH3ioHOMiaMH . fl oTAajib 
MecTb. «3apaBCTByftTe, K)HaKOB'b», ycjibimajiij a 3HaKOMi>ift ro- 
.TOCb. IlpiaTHO 6mjio orb cosHania, mo MHxaHJi-b AjieKcafwpo- 

BHfl TaKTb XOpOLUO nOMHHTb HaCb 110 tpaMHJlJHM'b H OIIHTb Cb 

nainH. 

BcKopt LLIecpHepoBCKia Ka3apMbi 6ujm roTOBbi, mh nepcn- 
xa.iH Ty/ia h nanajiHCb peryjiapHbia 3aHaTia. Bhjio otkphto 
MopcKoe J/wMJiHine. nawajibHHKOM-b KOToparo 6um> na3HaqeH-b 
Kan. 1 p. M. A. KHTHUHH-b. Em.v yaajiocb co6paTb npeKpacHbix-b 
npenoaaBaTe^efi h3t> ocpnuepoB-b (p.iOTa, h mh 3a sto BpeMa 

Iipio6p-BJIH fltftCTBHTe^bHO MHoro 3HaHifi. H3ptAKa MH BHXO- 

.ihjih B-b Mope Ha MHHOHOcnax-b h Apyrnx-b cyAax-b Ch6hpckoh 
cp.iOTHjiiH AJia ywacTia B-b AecaHTHbix-b onepauiaxT>, TaKi> KaK-b 
y>Ke Haqa.iocb napTH3aHCKoe jiBHKeHie. B-b 9THX-b KopoTKHX-b 
n^aBaHiax-b mh o6biKHOBenHO Hec^H cjiy>K6y cneuiajiHCTOB-b, 
t. K. KOMaHAH 6hjih coBCBM-b HeonbiTHbia h Heo6cTp-BJiaHHbia. 

BecHoft 1919 ro^a B-b MopcKoe ywHJiHme HawajiH npn6bi- 
BaTb MO^OAHe ;hoah, oKOHHHBinie cpeAHia yqeSHbia 3aBeAeHia, 

31 



h Ka/ieTbi cyxonyTHbix-b KopnycoB-b, KOTopwe, nocjit mcahuhh- 
CKaro ocMOTpa 6hjih npHHHTbi B'b 3-k> rapAeMapHHCKyio poTy. 
PoTa no^yMHJiacb SjiecTHinaH. B'b to we caiwoe BpeMH 6bi.ai> 

CfpOpMHpOBaH'b yWe6HMH OTpHA"b, COCTOHBIIlifi H3T> 6bIBIliefl Kan. 

:iomu «MaHH/Kypi)», noc. cyAOB-b «flKyrb», «y./iHccb» h «JX'\o- 
mhat>». Ha «ManMwyp-b» 6bijia na3HaweHa 3-a MjiaAinan rap- 
AeMapHHCKaH poTa, ocTajibHbia we cyaa 6biJiH Ha3HaqeHi>i bt> ch- 
BepHoe n,iaBaHie Ha KaMMaTKy co Bceiwb HawHM"b BbinycKOM'b. 
Haiue njiaBame 6ujio oneHb THwejioe bo bcbxT) OTiiouieHiax-b, 
ho 3aro Mbi hmtwih OMenb MHoro uiTypMancKHX'b 3aH>niii h npi- 
oOptwiH MopcKort onbirb. KopaSjiHMH KOMaHjioBa.'iH npeKpacHbie 

( H|)HUCpi>[ H C"b H3B'BCTHblMH BO BCCMT} (JMOTB UITypMaHaMH. Ho- 

c/i'EAHiH noxoA'b OTpnAa 6i.urb Bb AHaAbipcKirt 3ajiHBb, oTKyaa 
hoc. cyptfo «MKyrb» yiii.uo bb HoM'b na Ajihck-b. VIsTd IleTponaB- 
jioBCKa a yiue^Tb Ha napoxoA"fc JloSpoBOJibHaro (jwioTa «To- 
6ojibCK'b» bo Bjia.a.HBocTOK'b, TaKTa Kaicb no;iyMH.Ji'b mwiumeHie 
HHCTpyKTopoM'b na «MaHHwyp-b» B'b 3-K) rapAeiMapHHCKyK) pory. 

3a'ECB MHt npHUMOCb n03HaKOMHTbCH Cb HOBblMH rapACMapn- 

iiaMH, KOTopue HCKpeHHO npHBH3ajiHCb ki> MHxaHjiy AjieKcaH^po- 

BHH\' H HHTajIH R"b HeMy Tt >Ke MyBCTBa, MTO H Mbi. B'b aTOMTj OT- 
HOUJeHW Mbi 6bIJIH BCe BpeMH CUHHbt H OCTajIHCb TaKHMH H IIO 

ceft AeHb. ByayHH BaxTeHHbiM-b HanajibHHKOM'b Ha «MaHMwyp-B». 
ojmwb pa3T> mh"b npHiujiocb BCTptwaTb MnxaHjia AjieKcaHApo- 
BHqa co bcbmh noqecTHMH, nojiaraiouj.HMHCH no MopcKOMy 
YcTaBy Hana^bHHKy OTAtjibHaro oTpnAa cyAOBix MoMeHrb, ko- 
Topbift ocTaBHJi-b HeH3r^aAHMoe BneMaTjrEHie Ha bck) wH3Hb h 
KOTopbift no3a6bnb Hejib3H. OceHbio 1919 roAa, no npocb6"B Me- 
xoc/iOBauKaro KOMaHAOBaHiH, Sbijio npHHHTO B'b MopcKoe Ymhjih- 
me okojio 20-th qexocjiOBaKOB-b, KOTopue cpa3y we 6hjih ot- 
npaBJieHbi Ha M-fecHirb B'b njiaBame Ha «/I,ioMHA'B». Co mhoi-hmh 

H3T) HHX-b MHt npHXOAHJIOCb BCTp"BHaTbCH B'b Ilpart H BCB OHH 

cb yAOBOJibCTBieM-b BcnoMHHajiH CBoe KopoTKoe, ho BecbMa 6yp- 
Hoe njiaBaHie, t. k. OAHH-b pa3T> nonajin bt> uiTopM-b h noTepajiH 

rpOTTj-MaHTy. KOMaHAHpij «,H,iOMHAa» BOUiejTb B'b OAHy H3"b 

6yxT-b, cpy6Hjn> noAxoAHiu.ee AepeBo h cyAOBbiMH cpeACTBaMH 

H CHJiaMH nOCTaBH^ITj HOBVK) MaMTy. 3t0TT> cJiaKTl. IlOCTaHOBKH 

hoboh MaMTbi noneMy-TO rapAeMapHHbi Mexoc/ioBaKH oco6eHHo 
jk)6hjih BcnoMHHaTb. Bcfe ohh 6hjih crapuje Hacb ji-bttj Ha 5-8, 
ho bce, oAHHaKOBO cb HaMH, jik)6hjih h yBawajiH Kan. 1 p. Kh- 
THUbma. OcoSeHHO ohh 6mjih pacTporaHbi, KorAa B'b A^Hb hxi> 
HaujoHajibHaro npa3AHHKa 6huii> cbirpaHi) «6ojibUJOH c6op"b», Ha 

32 



(pOKt-MaMTB CO BCEMH nOqeCTHMH 6bIJI'b nOAHHTb HauioHajIbHblli 

•lexocjioBauKiii cpjiar-b h MHxamrb A./ieKcaHApoBH'-i-b , o6xoah 

fppOHTb H 3AOpOBaHCb CO BCtMH, n03AOpOBajICH C'b OTA"BJIbHO 
CTOHBUIHMH WeXOCJIOBaKaMH H n03ApaBHJTb HX-b C'b npa3AHHKOM'b. 

Bi. oTBtrb pa3Aa;iocb npacnBoe h bohhckoc «3AapT>!». BcKopt 

IlOCJlt 9TOrO, Ka>KeTCfl B"b K0./IOM60, MH C'b HHMH pa3CTajIHCb, 

t. k. bcb ohh nepectwiH Ha MexocjiOBauKift -rpaHcnoprb ajih cjtb- 
AOBaHJH Ha poAHHy. 

B"b KOHirfc 1919 roAa bo BjiaAHBocToicE Hasp'BBajrb owepeA- 
hoh ncpeBopoT-b; 6-Ejiaro cppoHTa y>Ke He cymecrBOBajio, a bo 
Bceiwb npHMopb"B rocnoACTBOBajiH napTH3aHCKie otphah, rpafiHB- 
inie h TeppopH3HpoBaBuiie HaceJieHie. BbinycKy npHiir,;iocb npn- 
iiHTb yiacrie bo MHornx-b AecaHTHbix'b onepauiflx'b, kotophh He 
BecrAa KOHMa,iHCb 6^aronoJiyMHO. HanpHM'kp'b, OAHa h3t> hhxtj, 
btj 6yxTy HaxoiKa, Morjia okohmhtbch 6ojrEe TparHWHo, earn 
ui.i KpaCHbie Bi,iAcp>KajiH h hc Bbizia.'iH ce6n. Mbi iiOTepnjiH ko- 
MaFiAHpa «ManiHTa» ct. ;ieHT. >KeAeHOBa, ero CTapuiaro noMom- 
HHKa h iipanopmHKa ApTCMbeBa, 6biBinaro Hamero rapACMapHna. 
V MHxan^a A^CKcaHApoBHwa 6biji-b npocrp'E.JiHH'b njianrb h ny,™ 
iiouapanajia pyKy. IlpaBAa, no CB'BA'BHiHM'b, kotopwh Mbi no- 
.ivmhjih, KpacHbie napTH3aHbi noHecjiH 6o,/ibiuiH ncrepH orb Ha- 
mero ny/ieivieTHaro orHH. Boo6me we, bochhwh BJiac™ Macro bi>i- 
ca>KHBajiH AecaHTbi 6e3"b noAroTOBKH h coBepoieHHO He pa36H- 
pancb B~b o6cTaHOBK-h. Mnxanji-b AjieKcaHApoBHTb 6eperb Mop- 
cKoe ywHjiHiue, h Ha aBaHTiopy ero HeB03Mo>KHo 6bijio yroBopHTb. 

Uocji'k B03CTamH qeuiCKaro reHepajia TafiAa bo BjiaAHBO- 

CTOITB CTaJIO TpeBOWHO. MHXaHJIT. AjieKCaHApOBHM-b dblJITj OMeHb 

3aHJiT-b h no irBJibiM-b AHHM"b KyAa-TO HcnesajiTj; no Been B-fepo- 

5ITH0CTH OH"b y>Ke Wh 3TO BpeMH nOArOTOBJIH,7I'b 9BaKyai.UK), a AJin 

nacb «HOBoe 3arpaHHwnoe njiaBaHie». MnxaHji-b AjieKcanApoBHM-b 
h paHbuje, KorAa KHjrb B-b MopcKOMb yHH^Hurb, HCMesaJit, H 
HHorAa y Hacb 6bijia 6oH3Hb 3a ero 6e3onacHOCTb, t. k. OH-b hh- 
KorAa He HOCHjrb ct> co6oh opywin. OAHa^AH, no3AHO Beqepoivrb, 
B-b Hamy KypnjiKy Bouie^-b Koi"b (E. KoTOBHq-b). KOTopbift Aewy- 
nn.-i-b no pork, h CKaaaffb: «A K'HTa onaTb H-ferb! H rA"B 3to oht> 
nponaAaerb?» HecMOTpa Ha to, mto oht^ CKa3aji"b sto cnoKOHHO, 
Bee >Ke btj tojiocb ero 6buia wiMUiHa rpeBora, KOTopaa nepeAa- 
aacb BctM-b npHCVTCTByroinHM-b. MoMeHTajibHO, c'b pa3p-Buienifl 
AeiKypHaro ocpHuepa, 6hjio ornpaBjieHo H-bcKOJibKO BOopyweH- 
Hbirb rapAeMapHH-b Ha po3bicKH. OKa3ajiocb, hto Hami. «KHT"b» 
fi.iaroAyinecTBOBa^'b bt. aom-b T., HanpoTHB-b YMHJiHiua. 

33 

M3 3 



K-b Kornjy 1919 roAa BjiaAHBOCTOK-b Sburb oKp\'>KeH"b nap- 
TH3aHaMH. BepxoBHHH IlpaBHTejib a^MHpa^-b KojmaK'b cpaKTHqec- 
kh 6hWb OTA'BJieH'b orb Ch6hpckoh apiwiH, OTCTynaBiueft Ha bo- 

CTOK-b. BO BjiaAHBOCTOK-B >Ke He 6bIJIO HHKaKHX-b BOHHCKHX-b qa- 
CTeft KpOM-fe OCpHUepCKOH IIIKOJIM HOKCa Ha PyCCKOM-b OCTpOBt. 

Haiue nojioKeHie Ka3a./iocb 6e3BbixoAHbiM-b. 3am.Hm.aTb BjiaAH- 

BOCTOKTj OTb HaCBAaBIDHX-b napTH3aHTj, £a)Ke npH COA"BHCTBiH 

ocpHuepcKoft uiKOJibi HoKca, mm He cmoi-jih 6m. flo BocnoMHHa- 

HiHMT> MOHX-b OAHOKaiUHHKOB'b MHXaHflb A.TeKCaHApOBHH'b TO- 

BopH^-b, hto mm HHKy/ia He 6yfleM-b OTCTynaTb h ocTaHeMCH bo 

B^aAHBOCTOKt. «MO)Kerb 6bITb H-BKOTOpblX-b H3T> HaCb pa3CTp"b- 
JIHIOrb, HO He BCBXT3, SL OCTajIbHbie 6yAyTl> CJiy>KHTb BO (pJIOrE», 

roBopHjn> ohtd bo Bceyc^bimaHie. Hhkto HH^ero He noHHMajrb 
CHaqajia, ho CKopo bcb noHsuiH. 3th pa3roBopbi 6buin TOJibKo 
jijih HaiuHXTa BparoB-b. Flo npHKa3y KoMaHAyiomaro Ch6hpckoh 
cpjioTHJiiefl 6bijrb o6pa30BaH'b OTpHA"b cyAOB-b oco6aro Ha3HaMe- 
hjh noA"b KOMaHAOH KanHTaHa 1 paHra M. A. KHTHUbma. MnxaHJiT. 
AjieKcaHApoBHq-b H3Aa.rb kopotkih npHKa3"b, kotopmh 6bijrb bm- 
B+^iueH'b BT> ropoA"B. Bis 5 qac. VTpa 30 HHBapa 1920 roAa h 6bMi> 
nocjiaHij, biwect-b cb H. AjiHTOBCKHivrb, c~b npHKasoM^ o nocaAK'fe 
na cyAa kt> ct. jieftT. M. M. KopeHeBy h K-b Kan. 2 p. E. IT Bhho- 

KVpOBy, KOMaHAHpy «yjIHCCa». OTKOHBOHpOBaB'b CeMbH STHXTs 
OCpHUepOB-b Ha «5TKyTb», MM Cb A.lHTOBCKHM'b B03BpaTHJIHCb Bl> 

MopcKoe y^HJinme. BcerAa BcnoMHuaio cb 6jiaroAapH0CTbio sth 
ABt> MopcKin ceMbH, npHHHMaBUjiH Hacb. 6e3AOMHbix-b rapAeui- 
kobtj, Kaicb poAHMx-b. K-b Be^epy 30 HHBapa bcb CKJiaAM Mop- 
CKoro ymuimna 6mjih nepeBeseHM Ha «Opeji-b», yrojib Sbi.Tb no- 
rpyweH^ h Becb otphat>, B"b cocTaB'B BcnoM. Kpeftcepa «Opejrb>> 
h noc. cyAHa «flKyrb» 6uji r h roTOB-b kt> BbixoAy btj Mope. Ha 
nopTOBbift ^eAOKO^'b 6burb nocjiaHT. Kapayii), t. k. ero KOMaHAHpi, 

OTKa3ajICH A06pOBOJIbHO HCnOJIHHTb npHKa3Tj OHHCTHTb OTO JlbAa 

cpapBaTepi. ajih npoxoAa OTpnAa. 

PaHO yTpoMij, qacoB-b B-b 5, 31 HHBapa 1920 roAa OTpnat 

CHHJICH H BbHUejrb B-b MOpe. OMHCTHB-b (papsaTCp-b, JieAOKOJrb 

6mjii> OTnyuj.eH'b, a Haiu-b KapayjiT> nepemejrb Ha «Ope,jrb». Ha 
BCHKifi cJiynaft 6mjih npnroTOBJieHM opyAin h nyjieMCTM, t. k. 
o>KHAa^iH, q-ro nacij HanHeT-b o6cTp-BJiHBaTb KpacHaa 6aTapea Ha 

PyCCKOMTj OCTpOBt. HO HHMerO He CJiyHHJIOCb, H OTpHA"b CnOKOHHO 
nOKHHVJI'b TOCTenpiHMHMH BjiaAHBOCTOK-b. H TaK"b MM OnHTb OKa- 

3ajiHCb bt> «3arpaHH4H0M'b n.iaBaHiH*. Xoth mm h umh B-b no.iHyro 

HeH3B"ECTH0CTb, HO HHKTO H3T3 HaCb He TpeBO)KHJICH. Bct^ MM B%- 

34 

*3 



Phjih MnxaHjiy AjiCKcaHApoBHMy h bb cro cqaciyiHByio 3B-B3Ay, 

HO, KOHeHHO, npe/UBHA'fejIH BCB Tpy^HOCTH, KOTOpMH Hawb npH- 

aeTCH npeoAO.TBTb. 

nocji-fe AOBOJibHO THMejiaro noxoAa otphab 6jiaronojiyHHO 
AouiejiB ao UypyrH, rA"b Ha^ajiocb cnncbiBame naccawnpoBB. 
CnHcajica Ha 6eperB h ybxajiB bb lUaHxaft KOMaHAHpB «OpJia» 
Kan. 1 p. n. h MHorie Apyrie MopcKie ofpHnepu. 3a M-BcanB ctohh- 
kh bb Uypyrts Ha otpha"b naccawnpoBB ywe noHTH He ocTajiocb. 
H3B UypyrH mh nonijin B-b Moa3h h CHMOHeceKH, rA"k mh nojiy- 
t-:H.™ nepBuft rpy3B yrjiH ajih AoeraBKH bb roHKOHrB. Bo BpeMfl 
Hainen ctohhkh bb Moa3h npHinejiB napoxoAB ZIo6poBOJibHaro 
(J)«OTa «rieH3a», Ha kotophh npn6bijia Aejierania hoboh BjiacTH 
bo BjiaAHBOCTOK'b. Zlejierauia HBWiacb Ha «OpejiB» h 6biJia npn- 
HHTa MnxaHJioM-b AjieKcaHApoBH4eM'b. He 3Haro, o mcmb Aejiera- 
nia roBopujia cb MnxaHJioMB AjieKcaHApoBH^eMB, ho no Been 
R-EpoflTHOCTH no/iHHMajiCH Bonpocb o HauieMB B03BpamemH BO 
B^aAHBocTOK-B. Bb 3aKJiioneHie MnxanjiB AjieKcaHApoBHqB npn- 
Ka3ajiB BepHyTb CHHTbie 3aMKH cb opy^iH Ha MHHOHOCUaX-b. JX&- 
,'ierauiH noKHHyjia «OpejiB» He cojioho xjrBSaBinn, ho Bee we 6bijia 
pacTporaHa npieMOMB h pa3roBopoMB cb MnxanjiOMB AjieKcaHA- 
poBHneM'b, h «lleH3a» oTcajnoTOBajia Haiwb cpjiaroMB, vxoah hsb 
Moa3h. XapaKTepHo 6bijio HaerpoeHie HHTejMHreHm'n h, kohcm- 
no, nojiyHHTejuiHremjiH Toro BpeiweHH Ha boctok-b. Bcfe sth Ae- 
.-yeraTbi, KOTopwe Ha'cb noctrwiH, h 6oJibUiafl qacTb mnpoKon 

06meCTBeHH0CTH 6bIJIH HaCTpoeHbl npOTHB-b StjIBIXB, COBCBMB 

ne HcnbiTaBinH npejiecTeft HarroHinefi 6ojibuieBHCTCKoft BjracTH. 
npocTOH we HapoAB, no mohmb Ha6jiK)AeHiHMB, 6bijrb HeftTpa- 
Jiem>. rio9TOMy-TO mh TaKB jierKo noKHHyjiH BjiaAHBOCTOKB. 

BcnoMHHaeTcsi mh-b TaKoft xapaKTepHbift cjiyqaft: h xorbjiB 
y3HaTb KOMMepqecKia no3biBHHH paaiocTaHuin «Opjia», ho He 

MOrb HXB HafiTH HH BB apXHBB, HH BB BaXTCHHOMB WypHajTB pa- 

Ai'opySKH «Opjia». Bb to BpeMH bb Mopt nepeKJiHKajracb Mew Ay 
co6oh HtcKOJibKo napoxoAOB-b flo6poBOJibHaro cpjioTa. fl, ne 
AO.iro AyMan, 3anpocHJiB oahhb H3B hhxb . Otb-btb 6bijib : 
«A Tbi mto xe, 3a6i.uiB CBoe hmh? noroAH, bcbxb BacB cyAb6a 
nocTaBHTB na kojibhh!» KoneqHO, HacB cyAb6a He qacTo 6ajioBa- 
.ra, ho Bee we noHTH HaBtpHoe mowho CKa3aTb, mto cyAbSa no- 
CTaBHJia Moero co6ectAHHKa no paAio He TOJibKO na kojibhh, ho 
h Ha CBoe mbtto. Cb yxoAOMB 6-bjihxb KOHqnjiacb h cneKyjiauia, 
otb KOTopoft KOMaHAW flo6poBOJibHaro cpjiOTa SoraT-BJH. Bb 
nviaBaHiH HaMB 6hjio TpyAHO, npnxoAHJiocb paSoTaTb, cToaTb 

35 



BaxTbi CTpoeBbm h no cneuiaJlbHOCTH, ho Bee mjio raaAKO h 
6e3-b HapyiueHiH AHCUHnjiHHH. Ctojitj, Bo6meM-b. 6u,Tb oaho- 
o6pa3Hwft, 6biTb MOKeT-b He BcerAa o6HjibHHH, ho Bee we mh He 
rojioAajin. TojibKO AeHerb 6buio iwajio, h now™ bcb 3apa6oTan- 
HbiH AeHbrH yxoAHJiH Ha npoAOBOJibCTBie. Bt> sto BpeMH na 
*Op^"B» 6h\n& ccpopMHpoBaHa HOBaa HeMHorowHCJieHHaa rapAe- 
MapHHCKaa poTa H3"b Ao6poBOJibueB-b cpJioTa co cpeAHHivrb 06- 
pa30BameM'b. JtocTaTb cppaxrb 6uno oweHb TpyAHo, t. k. yxe 
Ha^HHajicH onepeAHoft KpH3HCb, h yrojib B3Aopo>Ka./Yb. HeciwoTpn 

Ha BCB TpyAHOCTH, BCB Ha HaiHHX-b KOpa6.TiflX-b 6bIJIH eAHHOA.VUI- 
HH BTj TOWb OTHOIHeHJH, HTO 6bL/IH yStWAeHbl B"b TOM"b, MTO BCC- 
TaKH Hy>KHO HATH B"b EBpOny, a MOKeTb 6bITb H B"b KpHMTj. B"b 

KawAOiwcb nopTy Mnxanji-b AjieKcaHApoBHWb npoBojwJi-b ut;ibie 
ahh Ha 6epery, oSxoah ToproBbiH KOMnaHin h npeAJiaraa cboh 
yc^yrn. Mh bha^ih, jok^ eMy Shjio Tnwejio, h hhotas OH"b B03- 
BpaiuajiCH cb 6epera MpaMH-fee TyMH. KoHeqHO, KOMiwepcaHTbi nojib- 

30BaJIHCb HaiUHMT) TpVAHblM'b HOJIOJKeHieM'b H, eC/IH AaBaJIH HaMTj 

cppaxrb, to no caMbiiwb HeBbiroAHWM'b CTaBKaivrb. Bee >Ke, hc- 
cmotph Ha bcb npenHTCTBifl, mh ao6pajiHCb ao noprb CanAa, 
rA"B nacb o>KHAajrb hobhh cropnpH3b. napHJKCKoe npaBJieme 
ZIo6poBOJibHaro cpjiOTa noTpe6oBajio B03BpamemH «Opjia». Bt> 
to BpeiviH cyiu,ecTBOBajio ABa npaBJieHin — oaho h3T> HHx-b Haxo- 
AHJiocb na BocTOK-fe, Apyroe — B-b napHw-fe. H to h Apyroe 
HiwfejiH cboh napoxoAbi h, kohchho, Bpa>KAOBa^H. Bt> noprb Ca- 
hati mh nonajin bt^ ccpepy Bmnmn FlapHiKCKaro npaBJieHin. U,h- 
n.7ioMaTHMecKiH Kopnycb, KOHcyjia h areHTH /JoSpoBOJibHaro cpvio- 
Ta no^b30BaJiHCb eme H^KOTopHM-b BJiifn-rieM-b y HHOCTpaHueB-b, 
h ajih HHx-b 6bmo JierKO AoSHTbca cBoero, t. e. casmh «Opjia». 
Bcb ohh 3HajiH, hto SBaKyauiH KpbiMa HeH36"B>KHa, h ohh hh 3a 
hto He xottd^h nycTHTb «Opejrb» bt> Kpbiiwb, 3Haa, mto OH-b ne- 
peftAeTi) Bi) pyKH cppaHuysoB-b, a to, hto H3"b Kpuina yuiJio 61.1 Ha 
4-5 thchhT) 6oJibme bohckT), hmi 6hjio Bee paBHO. Bee xe Mh- 
xaHJiy A^eKcaHApoBHHy yAaJiocb OTjio>KHTb CAaMy «Opjia» H no- 
jiynHTb yrojib ajih noxoAa bt> flygpoBHHK-b. Yro^b 6bi;rb AaH-b 
hocji-b yrpo3bi Mnxanjia AjieKcaHApoBHqa 3aTonHTb Kopa6,ib bt, 
CysuKOiwb KaHajrfe, hto, noBHAHMOMy, oco6eHHo noA"BHCTBOBa- 
■jio Ha HaiuHx-b «AHnjioMaTHHecKHxiD npeACTaBHTejieft». He 060- 
uj^ocb 6e3-b HeAopa3yM-BHiH h ct> Haujefl CTopoHbi. KoMaHAHp^ 

«flKyTa» BblUJejITb H3-b nOBHHOBeHJH, nepeCTajIT) OTB-BMaTb Ha enr- 
HaJIH «Opjia», p'BUJHB'b HATH B'b CeBaCTOnOJIb CaMOCTOHTejIbHO. 

He Syav cyAHTb ywe yMepninx-b BMHOBKHKOB-b 9Toro HenoBHHO- 
36 



BeHia, t. k. npHqHHOH sroro Sbuo cocTOHHie 3AopoBbH rjiaBHaro 
BHHOBHHKa — KOMaHAHpa «#KyTa» JieHTeHaHTa P. KOTOpblft ne- 

pe3"b ABa roAa yMepb. rA"B-TO Bb> 6ojibHHirfe ami AViueBHo-6ojib- 

HblXb Bb TyHHCB. BTOpOH BHHOBHHKb UHHUaWh C. 3aCTp - E,7IH./ICH 

btj napHK'fe. OcTa^bHbie ABa ocpHuepa — MHmviaH-b C. MJiajuuui 
h JieHTeHaHrb H. norH6jiH npH HcnojmeHiH a/iy>Ke6Haro Aoara 
bo BpeMH 3BaKyauiH bohcktj renepajia Bpanrejia. 

JleHT. P., KOMaHAHp-b «5lKyTa», BoSlHeMb 6bUl-h SjieCTHUHHIWb 

ocpHuepoivrb h npeKpacHbiMi) iiiTypiwaHOM'b, orb KOToparo mm 
MHoroMy HaywH^HCb, ho H3b-3a HeyAawHofl ceMeHHofl jkh3hh OHb 

CA"BJiajICH MpaHHbIM"b, Hepa3rOBOp4HBbIMTj H KaKHMTj-TO CTpaH- 
HbllVTb HCJIOB'EKOM'b BO BCEXb OTHOUieHiflXb. 

HeAopa3yM"BHie cb «flKyTOMb» p-bluhjih KopaSe/ibHbie rap- 
AeiwapHHbi no-CBoeiviy oweHb SbicTpo. no Moeiwy njiaHy, oko;io 10 
KacoB-b Benepa, cb> paspbiuemH BaxTeHHaro Haqa;ibHHKa, mm B3H- 
.ih KaTepij h noAOiujiH oneHb thxo Kb «$KyTy». y TpanoBb> ctoh- 

AH HaCOBbie, KOTOpbie HaCb OKJIHKHyjIH. B'b OTBtTb Ha OKJIMK-b 

nana^iacb KopoTKan nepeSpaHKa cb BaxieHHbiMb HanajibHHKOM'b, 
KopaSe^bHMMb rapAeMapHHOMT> C. HecMOTpn Ha yrpo3bi, KaTepb 
npHCTa^b Kb 6aKy «#KyTa» h chhjitj hohth-hto bck> KOMaHAy 

3a HCKJHOHemeMb HeoSxOAHMOH BaXTbl Bb MaiHHH'B. «Bo3CTaHie» 

Gmjio ^HKBHAHpoBaHO. Becb otpHuepcKifi cocTaB"b «HKyTa» cnHcaji- 
ch Ha Seperb, a bm-bcto HHxb Smjih Ha3HaneHbi HOBbie ocpHuepw. 
Ha Apyroii AeHb mchs Bbi3HBajrb 3aB-BAyioin,iH rapAeinapHHaMH 
ct. JieiiT. ByHHHT> h CKa3ajrb MHt: «Ha Bacb >KajiyeTCH JieftT. P., 

4TO Bbl BHepa BCJIH Ce6H KaKb> OnpHHHHKb». $, KOHeqHO, TOJIbKO 
H3b> npH,/IHHiH B03pa3H^b, HTO B'b CBOeMb nOBeAemH He BHJKy 

HHnero npeAocyAHTejibHaro h no3opHaro, a Ha caMOMb a"b»t'b mh'b 

IipiHTHO SblJIO ClbllliaTb TaKyK) nOHeTHyiO KJIHHKy. 

Flo npHXOA'B OTpHAa Bb Ay6poBHHKb HawajiHCb onHTb ne- 
peroBopu o nepeAaM-fe «Opjia» /I,o6poBOJibHOMy cpJiOTy, h Aame 
BoeHHo-MopcKofl areHTb Bb B'fejirpaA'B HacraHBajib Ha 9TOMb. 3jio 
noG^AHJio. «Opejib>» dbijrb nepeAaHb ,Ho6poBo.jibHOMy ip^OTy h 
ymeai) cb rpy30Mb Bb. AjieKcaHApiro, a qepe3b> roAb 6bijib npo- 
jaHb aHrjiHwaHaMij h n^aBa^b B'b paHOH-fe ToHKOHra. Floe. cyAHO 
«HK>'Tb», noAb> napaAHbiMb BMMnejioMb h cb SojibiuHMb. Kop- 
MOBbiMb (pjiaroMb, yuuio Bb CeBacTonojib. IIomhio MnxaHJia 
A^eKcaHApoBHMa Ha mocthk-b OTxoAHmaro «#KyTa» h Aaa<e noM- 
iik) npojieTaBiiiaro rojiy6n, KOTopbifl no4eMy-To p-BuiH^-b otaox- 
HyTb Ha n^enb Hauiero jiioSHMaro Haqa^bHHKa. Bcb cwHrajiH 3to 
xopoiueii npHMbroii. 

37 



Hani-b BbinycK'b npo6bijrb B'b CeBacTOnc/rt Bcero H-fccKOJibKO 
AHeft, a noTOM"b yiuejrb bt> «3arpaHHHHoe», Ha cefl pa3"b nocjrfeA- 
nee, njiaBame bt> BH3epiy. OAHOMy H3'b HaniHX'b oAHOKainHH- 
kobi> MHHiwaHy H. jxayae He npHuuiocb yBHA^Tb CeBacronojia. OH-b 
6biji"b Ha3HaneHT> B'b KoHCTaHTHHonojrE KOMaHAHpoM"b KaTepa, 
rpyjKeHHaro naTpoHaMH a^h apMiH, h yace bt> ny™ bt> CeBacTO- 
nojib BCTptTHji-b bi> Mopt noKHAaBinyio CeBacTonc/ib acKaApy. 

Ha noxoA"B H3"b KoHCTaHTHHonojm bt> BH3epTy ABoe H3T> Ha- 
luHX-b KopaSejibHux-b rapAeiwapHH-b KpujinneBCKiH h JXyHawh eA- 
Ba He yTOHyjiH, t. k. (ppaHuy3CKiH aBH30, Ha KOTopun ohh 6buiH 
na3Ha i ieHbi ajih cbh3h, HajteTejrb Ha cnajiHCTbiH 6eperb KaKoro-TO 
ocTpoBa B"b SreftcKOM'b Mopt h 3aTOHyjn>. Hauiero crapHKa 
«#KyTa» TOJKe eABa cnao/iH, t. k. noHBHaacb BOAa B'b KonerapKaxi.. 

Ho npHxoA'B Bt BH3epTy MHxan.Tb A;ieKcaHApoBHm> 6bi;ib 
na3HaHeHTj HaHajibHHKOMT) CTpoeBofl HacTH MopcKoro Kopnyca 
h CTajiTa 6,/iHiKaHLLiHM'b noMomHHKOiwb AHpeKTopa aAMHpajia Te- 
pacHMOBa. Moft BbinycK'b ocTajica uiwiHKOM'b npn Kopnyct h bct, 
6ujih Ha3HaneHbi ocpHuepaMH-BOcnHTaTejiaiviH B'b rapAeMapHH- 
cnie h KaAeTCKie poTbi. 

Bnocji-BACTBiH MnxaHji-b AjieKcaHApoBHM-b opraHH30Ba;rb 
npn PyccKoft ScKaApt bi> BH3eprB ABa ocpHuepcKHX'b Kjiacca — 
noABOAHaro njiaBama h apTHjuiepiflcKiH, KOTopbin Haiwb BcfeMT. 
yAa^iocb KOHHHTb h cAaTb peneTHuin no oTA'b.'ibHbiM'b npeAMe- 
'raMi>. HyjKHO CKa3aTb, hto h npenoAaBaTejin h mh, cjiymaTe.iH, 
paSoTajiH cb 3HTy3ia3MOiwb, 3Haa, hto MHxaHjrb AjieKcaHApo- 
bhht> npHAaeTt STHMia KJiaccaM"b 6ojibinoe 3HaMeHie. 

<t>paHuy3CKiH BJiacTH orb BpeiweHH ao BpeiweHH conpamajiH 
naeicb, mtoSh 3acTaBHTb jihwhhh cocTaB"b noKHAaTb KopaSjiH h 
hath na pa6oTbi. Kt Haineiwy cnacTbio, B'b uanajit 1922 roAa npn- 
uijio nncbMO cb npHrjiameHieM'b orb MexocjioBauKaro MHHHcrep- 
CTBa HHOCTpaHHbix-b A'BJi'b npoAOJOKaTb o6pa30BaHie B'b nexo- 

CJIOBaUKHXT) BblCHJHX'b yieGHblX'b 3aBeAeHiHX'b. IlHCbMO SblJIO 

necbiwa cepAeHHbiM"b, h B'b Heiwb roBopHJiocb o tomt> rocTenpi- 
hmctb-b, KOTopoe oKa3ajio MopcKoe ywHjiHme rapAeMapHHaMTa- 
HexocjioBaKaM"b. C6opu Smjih HeAOJirie, h Hepe3"b ab"b hca^h 
mh y>Ke 6buiH B'b nyTH bm-bctb cb KanHTaHOiwb 1-ro paHra Khth- 
HbiHbiM-b . Mnxan^Tb AjiekxaHApoBHH-b AOBeji-b smejiOH-b ao 
(ppaHuy3CKO-repMaHCKoft rpaHHuu h BepHy^ca Ha acKaApy. He 
iiomhk) noc^'BAHHX'b cjiobtj MnxaHjia AjieKcaHApoBHqa, t. k. no- 
'B3A"b HeAOJiro ctohjitj Ha CTaHuin, h Aa>Ke He bcemtj HaiMTi yua- 
jrocb noHOTb eMy pyKy na npomaHie. 

38 



MexocyioBaKiH npHHHJia Hacb no-6paTCKH h, ec/iH Bnoo/i'BACT- 
bjh y Koro-HH6yAb H3T> nacb noHBHjiocb pa3oqapoBaHie, to sto 
mo>kho oS-bHCHHTb To.ibKo pacTymefi KOMiwyHHCTHMecKOH npona- 
raHAOH, CTapaBiueftcH B03CTaHOBHTb oSmecTBenHoe MHtme npo- 

THB'b 6"BJIOH SMHrpauiH. 

Flo npi-B3At B-b MexocjioBaKiio mm AOJi>KHbi 6hjih cpa3y ace 
3anHcaTbCH B-b Bbiciuee yweGHoe 3aBeAeme. Bcb Bbi6pajiH ce6t 
TexHHHecKin cneuia^bHOCTH, HaA^acb btd SyAym.eM'b BepHyTbcn 
na cpjiorb ya<e HHHveHepaMH. Hanajiacb cTyAeHnecKaa, He BcerAa 
viernaH >KH3Hb. nopaCoiarb npHUJJiocb MHoro h kt> KOHuy 1930 
roAa noMTH bcb crajiH HH>KeHepaMH-cneuiajiHCTaiviH. HacKOJibKO 

MH"B H3B-BCTH0, TO >Ke CaMOe npOHCXOAHJIO H BT) APyrHX"b CTpa- 

naxb Hamero pa3CBHHia h bi. oco6chhocth bt^ AMepHKi. 

KHTHUblHCKlft BblliyCKT. MOJKerb rOpAHTbCH CBOHMH AOCTHJKe- 

hIhmk, t. k. mm nwiHOCTbio BbmojiHHjiH nojKejiaHia MnxaHJia 
AiieKcaHApoBHMa: yHHTbca h roTOBHTbcn kt> cjiywS'fc Ha (JMorE. 
B"b 3aKJiioMeHie, MHt xorkviocb 6bi 3aAaTb Bonpocb bcbmtj 

OAHOKaiHHHKaM'b: HTO OiyMHJIOCb 6bl Cb HaMH, CCJIH Cb HaMH He 

6i>uo MHxaH.ia AjieKcaHApoBHna? C-b nojiHoft yB-fepeHHocTbio 

MOiKHO CKa3aTb, HTO MHOrHlWb HST. HaCb npHIHJIOCb 6bl CJIOKHTb 

cboh 6yfiHbiH i-ojiobh B-b noABajiaxij ^ena. 

MHxaHJTb AaeKcaHApoBHq-b jnoQiurb, noHMMaji-b Hacb h bcb 
naiun nepeKHBaHisi. O jik>6bh, kohchho, Ha bochhoh cny>K6ti He 

npHHHTO TOBOpHTb, HO OHa MyBCTByeTCH KaKT> nOA^HHeHHHMH, 
TaKT> H HaHaJIbCTByK)IHHMH. H 3T0 MyBCTBOBaJIH Mbl — noA^H- 
HCHHbie, H 3HaJTb o6"b 3TOM"b H HaUIT. JH06HMHH HaHaJIbHHKT. 
MHXaH^T. AjieKCaHApOBHMTj KHTHUblHT). BcnOMHHaeTCH MHfc OAHH-b 

ciyiaft, KorAa MHxaHJTb AjieKcaHApoBHq"b paciyBcrBOBajiCH h 
nporoBopHjica. CnymiJiocb sto nocjrE noxopoH-b KepTB-b Ha- 
iuero AecaHTa npoTHBt napTHsaHb bt> 6yxT-fe HaxoAKa. Hacrpo- 
eHie 6mjio y Bcbx-b noAaBJieHHoe. noarb BenepHeH mojihtbh Mh- 
xaiM'b A^eKcaHApoBHHb co6pajrb Hacb BOKpyrio ce6a, mto offb 
wacTO A"BJiaji'b, noSjiaroAapHJi-b Hacb 3a HcnojmeHie BOHHCKaro 
jo^ra h Bb. 3aK.TK)MeHie CKa3a-b: «fl oqeHb rop>Kycb BaMH, moh 
mhjihc Ma^bMHKH, a Tenepb HAHTe cnaTb cnoKOHHO h He rpycTH- 
Te». 3to Sbijio TaK"b HcnpeHHo CKa3aH0, hto HaBtspHoe y BcfexTi 
y Hacb BHyrpH, KaKiD ncnpa, npo6"B)Kajio TaKoe Ke HCKpeHHee, 
Ten^oe lOHOiuecKoe MyBCTBO npeAaHHOCTH kt> CBoeiwy jiioShmo- 
My HaMajibHHKy. 

Bis OAHOMb H3T> CBOHXb nHCeiWb BAOBa M. A. KHTHUblHa nH- 

ca^a MHt: "He always spoke with love of you all". 

39 



Mm 3najiH, hto MnxaHJi-b AjieKcaHApoBHM-b jnodHjrb cboii 

BbinyCK'b, HO MH BO BjiaAHBOCTOKTi KaK"fa-TO He 3aM"BHajIH, HTO 

oht> cjiHiiiKOM'b MHoro BpeiweHH OTAaBajrb naM"b, h y Hero He 
ocraBajiocb BpeiweHH jijih cBoeft jihhhoh >kh3hh . fla paaBt 
mojkho 6h\,no roBopHTb o jihmhoh )kh3hh. KorAa BCB 3a6oTH o 
AByxcTax-b rapAeiwapHHaxt jie>Ka,™ Ha ero njienax-b. HyiKHO 6bi- 
•io co3AaBaTb h opraHH30BaTb SyKBajibHO bcc, HaMHHaa cb y v ie6- 

HOH MaCTH H KOHMaH Aa>Ke C06CTBeHHbIM-b pbl60JI0BHbWb X03HH- 
CTBOM"b Ha PyCCKOMl) OCTpOBTj. 

Hy>KHO CMHTarb CMacTbeMT> Haiuero BbinycKa. mto 3aBt;u>i- 
saTb HaMH 6bijiT3 Ha3HaHeH-b KanHTaH-b 1-ro paHra KHTHUbiH-b, 
BbinycKa 1905 roAa. MHxaHji-b AjieKcaHApoBHM'b no3TOMy-TO no- 
HHMajn> Hacb TaK"b xopouio, mto eiwy, KaK"b rapAeiwapHHy h ocpn- 
uepy, npnuijiocb nepe>KHTb ropenb HeyAaMHoft bomhm ch flnoHiefi, 
UycHMy h HaKOHeuij pa3pyxy 1917 roAa. JXjih Haiuero BbinycKa 
btj 9to BpeMH HyiKHa 6bijia TBep^an bojih, aBTopHTerb h OTeMec- 
Koe OTHoujeHie. Bee sto mh HauuiH B"b ocodi; Hauiero jno6HMaro 
Hawa^ibHHKa. 

KaK-b h y>Ke ynoMHHyjrb, MnxaHJi-b AjieKcaHApoBHM-b 6eperb 
nacb, HcnoJiHHa cboh) MopajibHyw o6H3aHHOCTb nepeA"b HaniHMH 

6JIH3KHMH, HO BM'BCT'B Ch T^MTj OHTb He 60HJICH nOCHJiaTb HaCb BTd 

HJiaBaHie Ha caMbixt yTjiux-b cyAaxT> Ch6hpckoh ijwiOTHjiiH. Bi>i- 
nycK-b njiaBajii. A^HCTBHTe^bHo MHoro h bt^ pe3y,«.Tarb Rsur& 
irtjibift pnxh KanHTaHOBT., noMOuufflKOB-b KanHTaHOBT. h jiomwa- 
hobtj, h H-BKOTopwe H3T> hhxt> eine Sjiaronc/ryMHo njiaBararb. 

He Mory ceSt npocTHTb, mto h Tarn* h ne co6pajiCH iiobh- 
AaTbCH Ch MHXaHJIOM'b A.JieKCaHApOBHMCM'b. 3aHHTbie ceMeiuibi- 
MH A^iaMH H pa3JIH1HbIMH 3a6oT3MH, Mbl coBepiueHHO 3a6bIBa- 

eMi> roAaxTb, KOTopbie nernrb. TaKT> sto cjiyMHjiocb co mhok). 

He npHIUJIOCb MHId yBHAtTbCH C'b MHXaHJIOM'b AjieKcanApoBH- 

Heiwb. A TaKij 6bi xoT-fejiocb jihmho no6^aroAapHTb ero h hh3ko 
noKJioHHTbca eiwy 3a Bee to, mto omjio CA^JiaHO hmtd ajih bcbxtj 
ero BbinycKHHKOB-b. J/Aajiocb mh-b TOJibKo noSbmaTb Ha ero Bpe- 
MeHHoft mothji'b h noMOJiHTbCH 3a ynoKofi ero AyuJH. 

B-EHHaa naiwHTb HameMy BOcnHTaTejuo h jiioSHMOMy Ha- 
na^bHHKy KanHTany I-ro paura MHxaHjry AjieKcaHApoBHMy Kh- 

THUblHy. 

MHxaHji"b A. IOHaKOB-b, 
BbinycKa Mopcworo yqHJiMiua 1920 r. 

«KHTHUblHCKarO» 

40 



fl. B. LUpaMHeHKO 



mymt ahm...» 



ArOHIfl MEPHOMOPCKAfO <MOTA. 



CofilJTJJI «>KyTKHX'b AHCH . . .» OTHOCHTCH KT> OKTH6pi<), IIO- 

>iGpK) h AfKafjpio 1917 r oAa n Hnuapio. cpeBpajno h stapTy 1918 
roAa. 

Cboh BOcnoMHiianiH h HanHcajrb no naMHTH B'b OKTflGp'fe 

i960 roAa, t. c. poBHMM'b cneTOM-b 43 roAa cnycTH. Cpoicb ao- 

CTai'OMHIJH, WT06bI IiaMHTb MOrjia MH"fe HHOrAa H3M"BHHTb H MOH 

pa3cna3'b ynoAo6HTbCH crapoft tpHJibMOBoft jieHrk, o6opBaHHoft 

B'b HtKOTOpblX-b M-feCTaX-b H HenpaBHJIbHO CKJieeHHOH. B03MOJKHO, 
MTO BCJlt>ACTBie npo6'BJIOB'b naMHTH, H 3a6yAy H^KOTOpblH HMeHa 

hjih nepenyTaio Aara cofibmfi, h cBH3b Me>KAy hhmh nnorAa ne 
6yAerb HCHa MHTaTCJiio. Ho 3a to t^ nacTH (pHjibMa, Bb koto- 
pbixt, no boji"b cyAe6"b, mh-b cy>KAeH0 6bi^o nrpaTb KaKyro-nnSyAb 
po^b, xoth 6bi naccHBnyio — h pywaiocb. 3to y>Ke He cpHjibM-b, a 
i paBiopa Ha MeTajuit hjih Ha KaMH-fe. Tyrb y>Ke oihh6kh fibiTb He 

MO>Kerb . . . 

B'b nepBbie ahh peBOJirouin bt> CeBacTonoji'k Bee ocTaBajiocb 
no-CTapoiwy. Ha KOMaHAHbix"b aojijkhocthxi. oco6hxtj nepeiwEHb 
He npoH3omjio. no noHHTHbiM-b npHHHHaiwb Hcne3jiH cb Haiuero 
ropH30HTa CBHTCKie aAMHpajibi — Bece^KHHT) h nory./iHeB'b . . . 

HOAaJTb B'b OTCTaBKy, 3aHBHB'b HTO OHTj MOHapXHCT'b H He >Ke- 

jiaerb cJiy>KHTb pecnySjiHK'fe, BHU,e-aAMHpajrb n. H. HobhukIh . . . 
Ob pasptuieHia HanajibCTBa Ha BCBx-b KopaSjinx-b Hanajwcb mh- 
THHrn Ma-rpocoBb. Ha a-rnx-b MHTnurax-b Bejiacb arHTaUifl npo- 

41 



thbtj ocpHuepcKaro h yHTep'b-ocpHu.epcKaro cocTaBa, ho rojioca 
pa3AafiajiHCb HeyB-fcpeHHo h Aaace po6KO. Otkpijthh Tejierpaiu- 

Mbl O Co6lJTiHXTD B'b CTaBK-fe CTaHOBHJIHCb HSB-feCTHblMH OCpHUe- 

paM'b h MaTpocaiwb. Mepes-b H-fccKOJibKo AHefi o6"bHBH./iHCb «cbo- 
6oah» . . . 

Ha 6ojib:uHx-b MHTHHrax-b, co3biBaeMbix-b nepioAHwecKH bt> 
3/i.aniH u,HpKa KoiwaHAyiomHM'b ^jioTOivrb aAMMpajioMij Kojma- 
KOMT3, aAMHpajiij npH3biBajii> KOMaHAM (MaTpocoB-b) K"b naTpio- 
TH3My h yKa3i.iBajiT3 Ha HeoSxoAHMOCTb npoAo;i>KeHifl bohhbi. 

OH"b 6hUVb 6jieCTHLUHM'b OpaTOpOM'b H CHJIOH CBOHXT> 3BTOpHTeT- 

Hbix'b h yMHbix-b p-feqeft nbiTajica BepHyTb Ma-rpocoB-b Ha ny-rb na- 
rpioTH3Ma h HcnojmeHifl BOHHCKaro AOJira nepeA'b Poahhoh. flo- 

MHMO njiaMeHHHX'b p-BHefi B'b UHpK-B Ha MaCCOBblX-b MaTpOCCKHXl. 
MHTHHraXb, npOXOAHBUJHX'b C'b SojIblHHM'b yCn-BXOMT> H BbI3bI- 

BaBLUHxij B'b KOivraHAax'b B3puBbi na-rpioTH3Ma. aAMHpajiT) Ko;i- 
L iaK"b co6Hpajrb Bb 6H6.iioTeK'E MopcKoro CoSpaHia r. r. ocpH- 
nepoBTs (pjioTa . . . Co6HpajiHCb oSbiKHOBeHHo BeHepoM"b cboSoa- 
Hbie orb cjiya<6bi ocpHuepbi. Co6paHia 3-th, Ha KOTopwx'b h MHoro 
pa3"b npHcyTCTBOBaji'b, hochjih MpaMHbift xapaKTep-b. AAMnpaji'b 
orpaHHHHBajicH pas'bHCHeHinMH TeKymaro nojiHTHnecKaro mo- 
MeHTa h oneHb octopo>kho coB-feTOBajit ocpHuepaMTa AepmaTbca 
o6T>eAHHeHHO — BnjiOTb ao o6pa30BaHiH ocpHuepcKaro coio3a a^h 

npOTHBOA"bHCTBiH pa3JIHHHbIM"b nOJIHTHHeCKHM-b TpynnHpOBKaMT., 

HOB^eKaK)m,HMT> KOMaHAM B'b cboh cbth. OcpHuepbi 3aAaBajiH 
aeAoyM-feHHue Bonpocbi HHorAa nojiHTH^ecKaro xapaKTepa, h aA- 
MHpajrb CTapajica AaBaTb Ha hhxt> pa3"bHCHemfl KaKT> Morb, xoth 
h caivrb 6biJi'b Aajieno He TBepAT> bt> asSyKt nojiHTHnecKaro pe- 
BOJiiouioHHaro noAnoJibH . . . 

Bee xe., ao Toro poKOBoro ahh, KorAa KOMHTeTbi noTpe6o- 
Baan, mto6h ocpHuepbi cAajiH CBoe opyarie, h aAMHpajrb Kojinaicb 
opocHjrb 3a-6opT"b CBoe TeoprieBCKoe opynde, KpHKHyB-b co6paB- 
luhmch Ha najiy6'B MaTpocaiwb: «He bm HarpaAHJiH mchh 30jiothmt> 
opyjKieM"b, He Bawb ero orb mchh 6paTb!», HepHOMopcKifi tyjioTh, 
xoth HapyiKHe coxpaHHBiuifl bhahmoctb HecoKpyuiHMOH 6oeBofl 
CHjibi, B'b A"BHCTBHTejibHOCTH 6bia-b y>Ke CMepTCJIbHO-paHeHblft 
3B'bpb, h ahh ero 6ujm co4TeHbi . . . 

HHKaKHX"b AHeBHHKOB'b H He BejITb. KaKHM"b-TO HyAOMTj y MCHH 

coxpaHHjiocb Tpn AoxyivieHTa. 3th AOKyMeHTH tobophtij MHoroe, 
ho Bee me HeAOCTaTOHHbi, ecjiH He ocB-feTHTb o6cTaHOBKy, npeA- 

UieCTBOBaBUiyiO MaCCOBOMy yHHMTOKemiO MOpCKHX-b OCpHU.epOB'b 

C'b AeKa6pa 1917 r. no MapT-b 1918 roAa. 
42 



TEJlEOOHOfPAMMA . 



LllTafh. KoiwaiiAyioinaro MepHOMopcKHiwb 0jiotomi> Honfipa 19-ro 

ahh 1917 roaa. 

n° 1162 

Pa3L.sicnciiic neHciioH pe^aKuiH orb 27 OkthGph 3a A» 1064 npn- 

HHTb K'b CBtA"bniK) H pyKOBOACTBy nOCTaHOBJieHJH BOCHHOH KO- 

MHCcin orb 28 Okth6ph c. r. npHKa3bi h bcb pacnopjDKeHia hc- 

XOAHUUH A^IH OTA'bJIbHblX'b MaCTeH AOJI>KHbI 6bITb H3AaBaeMbl 38 

iioAnncHMH H-Ka Toft nacrH npH cKptn-E npe3HAiyiwa KOMHTeTa, 

KOTOpiJH ffflJOKetTb HCCTH 06H3aiIH0CTH KOHTpojinpyioaieH B^a- 
CTH, BCB BOHHCKifl HHHbl, AOJI>KHI>I 06H3aTCJIbH0 HIWBTb npH CCU t 

yAOCTOB-hpeniH jihmhocth ycTaHOBJieiiHofi t. e. ipopiua M 2 6e3i> 
o3iia i ieHiibix'b yAocTou'bpeiiiii BoeHHbie mhhu 6yAyrb 3aAep)KH- 

BaTbCH. 

rioAnnca^H: IlpcACBAaTejib Bochhoh KOMHeciH PblBAJIKA. Cc- 
KpeTapb t-lEBOTAPb. Hana./ibHHK'b PacnopHAHTdib- 
Hoii qacTH UBHHrMAH-b % 1152. 

Pe3(MioniH HaniTanopa: Coo6m,HTb B-b KoniH BctM-b H-Kaiwb 

qacTeft. K-Aa. AJIEKCAHAPOB'B. 
Btpno: AA^HrraHT-b Haimanopa 
KaiiH'rairb 

TlepeAa^-b BPALWb 
npHHHji-b PflBOKOHb. 



nPMKA3"b. 
TjiaBHaro KoiwMccapa MepnoiviopcKaro (pJiOTa orb 20-ro Hoa6p« 

1917 roAa. 

N2 I. 

1. Coo6m,nTb a^ih CB-BAtHia BctMi. qacTHM-b noAHHHeHHbuvrb Ha- 

MOpCH MTO r^aBHblM-b KOMHCCapOMT, MepHOMOpCKarO CpflOTa H3- 

opairb MaTpocb BacH.iiH BacHJibeBim-b POMEHEIXb h B"b Hcnoji- 
HeHie cBOHx-b npnMbix-b o6fl3aHHOCTefl Bcrynua-b 22 Honopn c. r. 

2. noMomHHKOM-b MOHM-b H36paH"b MaTpoeb MaTBtfi AHApee- 
BHH-b Ko^biuieBCKiH, ocTajibHbie noMomHHKH 6yAyi"b ony6;iHKO- 
Banbi AonoJMHTejibHO. 

43 



3. Hpe;yiaraK) bcHmt^ KOMHTeTavn h KOMaaaHpaM-b wacTeft noA- 

HHHeHHblX'b HaMOpCH HHKaKHX'b paCnOpflJKeHift HCXOAHIHHX'b OT"b 
llJTaMOpCH 6631) nOAnHCH MOefi HJIH OAHOrO ¥13^ MOHXTj nOMOUl- 
HHKOBT> He HCnOJIHHTb, KaK"b OnepaTHBHaa TaiCb H £P>THX-b OT- 

A'BJiOB'b npH lllTaS'B. Bcfc pacnopa^KeHia hcxoahiuih orb Ko- 
MaHAyioiuaro h ero LB/raSa 6yAyi"b CKptnjieHbi Moeft noAnHCbio 

HJIH MOHMl nOMOUJ.HHKOM'b H TO TOJIbKO TaKJH paCnOpJDKeHifl 

upHBOAHTb Bib HcnojiHCHie. TjiaBHbiH KoMHecap'b MepHOMopcKaro 
*jioTa POMEHELEb. yTBepjKAaeTt KoMaHAyromjft HepnoMop- 
CKHM-b ^otomtd KoHTp-b-AAMHpajrb HEMELTb. BtpHo: Hanajib- 
HHK"b PacnopHAHTejibHoft wacTH KanHTaH-b CAHTAHAH'bEB'b. 
nepeAaa-b: COPOKHFib. npHHsun, PflBOKOHb. 

Btpno: AA"broTaHT-b LllTaSa nopTa KariHTaH-b BHTKOBCKIH 

Ct> nOAJIHHHblM-b B-fepHO: 

CeKpeTapb CeBacTonoabCKaro BoeHHO-MopcKoro CyAa 

HaABOpHblH COBtTHHK-b BOPHCOBTj. 

PE30JIfOLI,I$I: Kt cB'feA'BHiK) h pyKOBOACTBy MaeHaM-b CyAa u 

A^IH 03HaKOMJieHJH. 

renepajrb-JIeMTeHaHT'b -KETPHLTb 
11 HoH6pH 1917 r. 



riOBl>CTKA . 

UlTaGa KoMaiiAyHimaro MepHOMopcKwvn. <l)jioTOMb Oinii6pH 

27-ro ahh 1917 r. 
N° 1064. 

B3flB"b BJiacTb bi. cboh pyKH HcnoaHHTejibHufi komhtcttj CoB-bTa 
BoeHHbix-b Pa6owHX-b /JenyTaTOB-b aoboahtt> ao CBtA"BHia Bet 
'lacra, hto bcb pacnopHJKeHia Ha iWBCTax-b ao^jkhi.i SbiTb To;ibKo 
3a noAnHCbio h nenaTbio KoMHTeia KajKAoft nacTH. KoMHTeTaMb 

no BC'BM'b Ha3ptDBaeMbIMl. BOnpOCaM'b HeMeAJieHHO AOBOAHTb ao 

CB-bTTBHiH Hcno^HHxejibHaro KoMHTexa CoB-B'ra Bochhhxtj h Pa- 
6omhxt> XlenyTaTOB-b. 

FIoAnHcajiH: IlpeAcfeAaTejib Uem-p. KoiMHTeTa MepHOiwopcKaro 
OjioTa E. LUejiecb. 

CeKpeTapb 3>'6ko. 

44 



<J>.iorb pa3;iara;iCH na HaiuHX"b rjia3ax-b . . . EoeBan inouib 
ero npH6^H*a^acb kt> h\/jik> ... He 6hjio comh-bhjh, hto Ha;vb 
pa3Jio)KeHieM'b cpjioia padoTajw, pyKa o6-b pyny, KaKT> HHOCTpaH- 
Hbie areHTbi, TaK-b h cboh couia./i'b-.neMOKpaTbi-SojibuieBHKH. Ilo- 
ompneMbic 6e3B.flacTieM'b, arHTaTopbi ycnjieuuo h ycn-feuuHO 06- 
pa6aTbiBajiH MopcKin KOMaartbi KaK-b Ha Kopa6jiHX-b, Tax^ h Ha 
6epery. Bi> aoSaBOKi. Kt STOiviy. HaMajiH B03Bpam.aTbCH bt^ Ce- 
BacTonojib MaTpocbi, ynacTBOBaBurie bt> B03CTaHiflx-b Ha cp./iorB 
B-b MepHOM-b Mop-fe B-b 1905-12 roay h ocy>KAeHHbie na KaTop»<- 
Hbiw pa6oTi»i h bt> .nHCUHruiHHHHapHbie 6aTajibOHbi. OKpyac€H- 
Hbic peBOJirom'oHHUM'b opeojicwb, ohh dapajiHCb naftTH aocTym> 
k"b /rbviaM'b BoeHHO-MopcKoro cyja. bt^ KOTopwx'b ohh 6bijiH 

3aM'BUiaHbI, H BT> TO )Ke BpeMH CBeCTH JIimHbie CMeTbl Cb TTjMH, 

kto TaKii h^h Huanc yMacTBOBajiTa B"b cyae6Hbix , b npoucccaxb. 
B-b kohutj oceHH 1917 r. nacTpoeHie bt> CeBacronoJi'B 6ui.no 

HCpBHO-HanpH>KeHHOC. ropOAT> C./10BH0 IipHTaHJICJl H OjKHfl.'dJl'b 

xyAuiaro . . . 

Hawajiocb cb y6iiicTBa Hii>K.-Mex. MHMMaiia CKopo,zu>iiicKaro 

Cb MHHOHOCUa «<t>HAOHHCH», oSlIiarO JlK)6liMU.a KOMaH^I.I, BO- 

o6pa>Ka8Ujaro ce6n en peBOJiroLuoHHbWb pyKOBOAHTe./ieiu'b . 
VoiHua A'BHCTBOBa.i'b HeyB-kpenno h Tpyc/iHBo: BbiMasaB-b jihuo 

Ca)KeH H BblCyHyBUIHCb H3"b MaUIHHHarO JIIOKa, OHT> BblCTpTWIHJIb 

Bb cnHHy CTOHBHjaro y 6opTa MHMMaHa h TOTwacb H<e CKpujicfl. 
Okojio toto »e BpeiweHH BepHy,nHCb cb JXoua >Ka;iKie ociaT- 

KH MaTpOCCKOH 3KCnC/IHU.iH, OTnpaBHBlIieHCH Ha JXOH-b yCMHpHTb 

Heco3HaTe^bHi)ix-b, HacTpoeHHbix-b KOHTp-b-peBOjnoujoHHO, aon- 
HOB'b. Ho HX'b pacweTbi He onpaBaajwcb. Ka3aKH 3arHajiH ycMH- 

pHTejieft B"b ZlOH'b, MHOrHX"b nopy6HJIH H nOTOnHJIH, a OCTaB- 

uiiecH BepHV'JiHCb B-b CeBacrono;ib h Taiwb p'euihjih noKa3aTb 
ce6n. 

Ha ApyroH aeHb nocjit y6iftcTBa MHmwaHa CKopoAbiHCKaro 
arHTaTopu h3t> bcphvbuihxch cb JXona MaTpocoB-b pa36pejiHCb 

HO MHHOHOCUaiWb MhHHOH flHBH3JH, CTOHBUJHM'b y CTTjHKH, H 
YCTpOHJIH peBOJIIOUJOHHblH MHTHHrb, >KajiyHCb na KOHTp'b-peBO- 
JIIOUJOHHblX'b AOHUOBTa H o6BHHHfl CBOHX'b MOpCKHXTj Olf>HU.epOB-b 
BTj TOM"b, MTO HH OAHH"b H3"b HHXTj He nOlUejrb C"b HHMH Bb nO- 
XOA'b. 

Tpynna TaKHXt arHTaiopoB'b iipHuuia Ha 9CK. mhh. «raA>KH- 

6eft», TOJIbKO-MTO BCTynHBUlift BTj CTpOH. KoMaHAOBajITD HM'b OT- 

45 



jiHHHtftiiiift ocpnuep-b Kan. 2 p. B. M. ribiiUHOB-b. KoManAHp-b h 
ocpHuepu oStAajiH bi> Kaiorb-KOMnaHiH, Koraa npniueji'b npeA- 
cfeAaTejib KOMHTeTa h npocHjit Bcbx-b bhhth Ha na;iy6y npn- 

CyTCTBOBaTb Ha MHTHHrt. 

ArHTaTop"b pa3CKa3ajii>, hto Ka3aKaMH pyKOBOAHJiH ocpHue- 
pi,i h hto 6o./ibme thchrh iwaTpocoB-b SbLio nopy6;ieHo. «H bh 
raKie >Ke?» — cnpocHjrb npeACBAaTC/ib KOMHTeTa. «Mbi He xyace 

CJiaBHUXTa AOHCKHX'b OCpHUepOB-b. Mbl OCpHLtepbl CpJIOTa* — OTBt- 
THJI-b KOMaHAHp'b «raA)KH6eH». 

Tyrb >Ke KOMaHAa nocTaHOBHjia apecroBaTb ocpHuepoB-b h 

OTBCCTH HX"b B"b apeCTHblft AOM"b npH SKHnajKt. TaMt HXT> He 

npHHHJiH. He 3Haa, mto Aajibine npeAnpHHHTb, MaTpocbi ctoh.ih 
B-b He^oyMtHiH, Kor^a K-b HHM'b noAomjia rpynna «Kpacbi h 
rop^ocTH peBOJirouiH» — MaTpocoB-b BajrriHCKaro cJMOTa. 

«Be£HTe Hx-b Ha MajiaxoB-b KypraH-b h pa3CTp"B.iHHTe!» 
CKa3aHO — c^-fejiaHO. Taiwb, y aiw6pa3yp'b MajiaxoBa Kyp- 
raHa, Ha m-bct^b HeyBHAaeMoft c/iaBbi MepHOMopcKaro cpJioTa najw 
oahh H3"b nepBbix-b >KepTBTs AOKaTHBineficH ao CeBacronojiH BOJI- 
iibi BejiHKoft pyccKoft CMyTW, >KepTBbi repMancKaro umioHaHca h 
6e3CMbic»'ieHHbix'b MeMTamft jinSepajibHOH pyccKoft HHTejuiHren- 
u,iH. Kan. 2 p. B. M. nwuiHOB-b, jicht. H. A. flbi6KO, .ici'it. B. A. 

CaHKHKOB-b, JieftT. 3. T. IlOJIHHCKiH, MHHM. A. A. ToMaiueBHTb, 

mhmm. T. M. Kpay3e h mhhm. H. M. KoHApaTOBHM'b 6i>ijih pa3- 

CTp-fe^HHW. 

MMHivian-b H. M. KoHnpaTOBHM'b npHuie;n> B-b tocth ct> acK. 
mhii. «CMacTJiHBbiA» K"b ocpHU.epaiw'b «raA>KH6eH» bo Bpeiwa ape- 
era, a MHWMaH'b T. M. Kpay3e 6i>iJit» Torb caMbift mo.ioaoh mhm- 
MaH^b, KOToparo MaTpocbi kohboh «raA>KH6eH» yroBapHBaviH lie 
hath cb hhmh na MajiaxoB-b KypraH-b, a ocraTbca Ha mhhohocu.b. 
ComeAiniH cb yiwa iwaTpocb c-b «raA>KH6eH» AOJiro eiuc 6poAH;n, 

HO CeBaCTOnOJIK) H pa3CKa3bIBajrb BCTp-BHUblM-b. HTO on-b -wnio 

npocHji-b MHWMaHa Kpay3e BepnyTbcn Ha mmhohoccutd, ho ^to 
Kpay3e oTBtTHJi-b : «fl hav TyAa, KyAa HAerb moh KOM3HAHp-b». 
Pa3CKa3-b 6e3yivma Gi.ijit. noTpncaiome ywaceH-b. 

16 AeKa6pn 6i>ijih apecTOBaHbi bce o<pHuepi>i Mhhiioh ah- 
bh3ih h OTnpaBJienbi B-b apecTHbift AOM-b. tatj yiKe TpH HeA"B.lH 
C0Aep>najiHCb 15 apecTOBaHHWx-b, 6e3"b BcaKaro npevrbflBJieHHa- 
ro HM-b o6BHHeHin, aAMHpaJioB-b, nuaG-b h o6ep-b ocpHuepoB-b. 
Bet ohh 6hjih OTJiHHHbie 6oeBbie ocpnuepw, kotophmh enpa- 

BeA^IHBO rOpAHJICfl MepHOMOpCKifl dpJIOTb. 

46 



Howbio TOJina rbx-b >kc MaTpocoB-b, «BoeBaBiiiHX'b» Ha JXouy 
h nojKp"fenjeHHbixT3 TOBapHmaMH-SajmHijaMH (bhahmmh ynacT- 

HHKaMH pa3CTp'BJIOBT3 MOpCKHX'b OCpHUepOBTj B^ TeJIbCHHrCpOpcfe 

h KpoHUJTaAT'fe Bt Maprfe 1917 r.), BopBajiacb bt^ apecTHbifl jxowb. 

0(pHUepOB-b CTajIH BblBOAHTb B"b KOppHAOp-b H nOCTpOHJIH B"b 

ABt uiepenrH. JXojimho 6ujio 6biTb 15 we./iOB'BK'b, Bt CTpoio «e 
obi.io To;ibKO 14. CTa.iH A'feJiaTb nepex^HMKy. 06bicKajiH bcb ka- 
Mepbi h HauuiH He^ocTaiouiaro, cnpHTaBiuaroca no,zrb HapaMH . . . 
M-feM'b o6-bHCHHTb yHHweme, KOTopoMy ohtd noABeprb ce6fl? 
M'BM'b yroAHO, TOJibKO He HeAOCTaTKOM'b My>KecTBa! TpH ro^a 

BOfiHbl OHTb npOCJiyjKHJI-b Ha MHHHOfl JXhBH3W, HeOAHOKpaTHO 

no^Beprajicn onacHocTH, ywacTBOBajrb bo mhoi-mxi. 6oeBbixT> 
onepauinx-b, TOHy,/rb Ha MHHOHocu.'fe, B3opBaBuieMCH y BpaiKec- 
khxTj 6eperoBT>, h Sbijrb 6e3yKopH3HeHHO xpa6pbiM"b, pacnopn- 

;iHTe.1bHMM'b H CnOKOHHbHVTb B"b CaMOH OnaCHOH C)6CTaHOBk"B 

ocpHuepoM-b. 

MHOrHXT) 3THXTj OCpHUepOB-b TOT^a H 3HaJtt> nOHMGHHO . . . 

Tenepb nepewHC/no cpaMHjuH H'feKOTopbix'b, HacKOJibKo naiwHTb 

MH-fe He H3M'BHHJia: 

BHue-aAMHpaji-b n. H. Hobhiiki'h — Haw. ahbh3Jh jihh. KOpa6jiefi 
reH.-^efiTeHaHT-b K). 3. KeTpHu/b — npeAcfcAaTC/ib Bochho- 

MopcKoro Cyaa. 
KoHTpi^-aiiMHpaji'b M. H. KacbKOB-b - - Haw. UlTa6a Kom. 4>.io- 

TOM-b 

KoHTp'b-aiiMHpaji'b A. 14. A./ieKcaH.apoB'b — Haw. LLlTa6a llopia 

Kan. 1 p. H. C. Ky3HenoBi) — KOMaHAyromift Mhhhom ahbh3Jch 

Kan. 1 p. A. K). Cbhhbhhtj 1-h — KOMaaaHp-b sKHnawa 

Kan. 1 p. H. M. KoJiOMCHueB'b 

Kan. 2 p. H. C. CajioB-b — KoiwaH/iMp'b 9ck. mhh. «,Hep3Kift» 

Clap. Jiefir. H. J\. Ka.i./iHcroB'b — crap, ocpHuep-b sck. mhhohociw 

«ZIep3KiH» 
JlefiT. T. n. TeBHineB-b — BaxT. Han. 3CK. mhh. «ZIep3Kifl» 
Oap. JieHT. T. B. Be^epHHKOB-b — crap, ocpnu,. jifih. Kopa6;in 

«EBCTatpiH» 
Jlei'iT. H. r. TpHBUOBT. - - cjviar. mrypMaH-b 6pHra;u.i ApeAHoy- 

TOB-b 

IloAno^KOBHHK-b n A. B. A. M.wiapoB-b — noM. K-pa sKHnawa. 
Hx-b npHBejiH na MajiaxoB-b KypraH-b h HawajiH pa3craB 
iHTb a-ih pa3CTp-Bjia. Heo)KHAaHHO reH. JieftT. KeTpHu,-b nana.Ji'b 

47 



MCTepHHHO KpilHaTb. qTO OH"b HH St MeiWb He BHHOBeH-b, hto OH"b 

He MopcKoii ocpHuep-b, a hhhobhhktj, HOCHBiuiii BoenHbiii myh- 
AHp-b. 

«ycnOKOHTCCb, CTbIAH0!» ... - rpOMKO KpHKHJVTb aflMHpa.Tb 

AjieKcaHApoBT>. 

«yMt^H >KHTb, ViMtflTe H yMHpaTb!» . . CKa3a,Tb a^MHpa.Tb 

HOBHHKJH. 

Pa3CTp'fejioM'b pacnopH«<ajica mhhhhh yHTept-ocpHnepij Ba- 
coB-b — BHOBb H36paHHbiH npca,CB,ziaTe;ib KOMHCcin no 6opb6t 

Cb KOHTp-b-pCBO^IOUieH *). 

JI'ETOM'b 1912 rOAa UiailKOii aBCTpJHCKHXb UimOHOB'b, HMTiB- 

niHXb B"b CBoeMi. pacnopjmemH KpynHbia cyMMbi AeHerb, cb U.-B- 
,JibK> noMtiHaTb coatHCTBiio L IepHOMopcKaro ijiJioTa Cep6iH h 
Bojirapin bi> bomht, 1912 r., 6biJiT> opraiiH30Bairb lUHpoKo npo- 
^yMaHHbifl n^aH-b 6yHTa. 3-rorb 3aroBop-b 6biJi'b pacKpurb yii.- 
ocp. cb jihh. Kop. «IoaHHb 3jia-roycrb» ^yKOMt. 3aroBopin.HKH 
f)bi^iH apecTOBaHbi ocpHuepaiwH Cb noMombio njiaBaBiuHxi) ia 
to jtbto na 9CKa^P'B Kopa6ejibHbix'b rapACMapHHij. Co Bceii 
acKaApbi 6i>ijio apecTOBaHO okojio 600 iwaTpocoB'b. OpraiiHsa- 
Topbi Bcp6oBajiH caMbixi) xyzuuHX'b MaTpocoB-b, iiaBaa HM'b p,e- 
nejKHbiH noAa i H<H. Coctoh^ch cyat. rio ycTaBy PyccKOii Hvme- 
paTopcKoft ApiwiH c r o b o p t> rpynnu 6oJibuie 8 mcjiob-ekx. 

/iJIH B00py)KeHHbIXT3 ^-BHCTBiH npOTHBT. CBOHXTs HaMa.lbHHKOBT. 
KBa.-lHCpHHHpOBajIC5I KaiCb «BOCHHbIH 6yHTb» Cb npHM'BHClrieM'b 

ktj 3aHHHinHKaMT5 6ymra BHCUieft CTenenH HaKa3aHia - pa:s- 
crpiuia. 

3a 9TOT-b BoeHHbiH 6yHT"b B-b 1912 roAy 6biJio pa3crpiviHH0 

3 MaTpOCa Cb JIHH. KOp. doaHHTj 3jiaT0yCTb», HtcKOflbKO MaTpo- 

cobtj Cb Kpeftcepa «naMHTb MepKypia», okojio 30 ^ci. npHroBO- 
peHO kt> KaTop>KHbiMTj pa6oTaiw"b Ha pa3Hi.ie cpeKH, Mnorie 6bi.iH 
noc^aHbi B-b AHCUHnjiHHapHbie 6aTajibOHbi h btj KacniflcKoe mo- 
pe. Ha Kopa6;iH HepHOMopcKaro tpJioTa He BepHyjica hh oahht> 

H3"b HHXTj. 

Bt> CBoeft p-fewH, o6pameHHOH k"b KOMaH/vk «IoaHHa 3jiaTo- 
ycTa» noc/it cy^a, aAMHpajrb Hobhukjh CKa3aji-b: «B-BpK>, mto 
KOMaH^a «IoaHHa 3jiaToycra» - - MecTHbie pe6HTa h npe,naHHbie 
Tocyaapio HwinepaTopy bohhh. He BtpbTe CMyxbHHaM-b. pe6HTa! 
OAHa napHJHBaa OBU,a Bee CTaAO nopTHrb!» 



*) BosHOJKHO, 'ITO no ero liarouopy uujm aper.Toimin.1 :tTii oii>Hii,epi>i. 

48 



ncmpo6nocTH ptiHH h He noMHio, ho ocpHuepbr «3^aToycTa» 

rOBOpHJIH MH"B, MTO 110 KaKOH-TO HIITyHUJH BCE nOHH.lH. HTO 

«napuiHBOH obuoh» a^MMpajiij Ha3Bajii) MaTpoca BacoBa. 

B"b 1910 T., KaKl> 6bl JUIH OT6bmH BOHHCKOH nOBHHHOCTH, 
BO CpJIOTb 6bIJIH npHHHTW UieCTb CTaBJieHHHKOB'b JKaHflapMCpiH, 

c-TBAHTb 3a peBOJirouioHHOH nponaranaoH cpe^H MaTpocoB-b. 
JlKxaH 9th 6biJiH nocnkjXHRH apHHb h Tenepb, wtoSh onpaBAaTb 
cboio rpH3HyK> paSo'ry, nrpajw pojib npoBOKaTopoB-b. Oahhm-o 

H3"b HHX"b 6hlJl-b BaCOBTD. 

Kor\aa ocpHuepu 6i,i^h BHCTpoeHbi B-b o,a.Hy inepcHry, pac- 
nopHAHTejib pa3CTp-fejia iwaipocb BacoBT> rpoiwKo CKa3ajn> : 
«MaTpoccKift cy^ij npHroBopHjn, Bacb ktj pascTp^jiy Kaicb Bpa- 

IOB-b peBOJHOUJH. AflMHpajI'b HOHHUKJH, nOMHHTC JIH Bbl BauiH 

crcoBa npo «napuiHByio OBuy?» 

3ajini.i h 0TA"b^bHbie BbiCTptwn.i H3i> bhiitobokij pa3AaBa- 
.incb noKa Bcfex-b lie nepe6H„iH . . . BacoBX. cb peBOJibBepoM'b 
o6oiuejrb Jiewamin rfejia ocpHuepoB-b h tiigbcjiheiuhxch h cto- 

IiaBHIHX-b flOCTp'fe^HBaJI'b. 



M HCKJTb Ha TaBpHMecKOH vjihu.'e JI5, npoTHBT, qyaecHaro 
IlcTponaBjioBCKaro co6opa, nocTpoeHHaro bt> cthji-b - rpe^ecKaro 
naHTeoHa. Xpaiwb 6biji'b OKpyweH-b tohojihmh. 

>Kena Jierjia cnaTb, a h CH^-feji-b bt> KaSHHeTT, h MfiTajfb 
;i.HeBHbie ra3eTHbie jihctkh. ripncjiyra JIio6a yuijia ryjiHTb ci, 
'OKeHHxoM-b* — MaTpocoMi. noABOAHaro njiaBamfl. Bo3Bpama- 
jiHCb ohh cb napa/maro xo^a, t. k. BopoTa 3anHpajiHCb h c-b 
MepHaro xoaa nonacTb aomoh Hejib3H 6biJio. Okojio 12 wac. cjim- 
iuy 6-fcryrb h 06a xoxowyrb, 3ajiHBaK>TCH . . . H chhjit> 3acoBT> h 
OTKpbi.Tb napaAHyw ABepb. JIro6a co cbohmtj <OKeHHX0M"b» BJie- 

TEJia B"b ABepH. «BapHH'b» TaKHMl, pa,H0CTH0-B036y}K,HeHHbIM'b 

tohomi. CKa3a^a mht, JTio6a — «o(})HU,epoB-b Ha yjiHuax-b 6bKyrb!» 
H cpa3y He noHH.Tb h yAHBjieHHO B3rjiHHy,7rb Ha Hee . . . OHa 
TOKe, B-hpoHTHO, coo6pa3Hjia . . . h y»e apyrHM-b tohomtj cna- 
3a;ia: «MaTpocbi pa3CTp-EJiHBaK)T-b ocpHuepoB-b!». «HAHTe cnaTb!» 
— cKa3a^-b h. Ohh vuijih Ha KyxHio. a h onaTb cb^-b 3a nncb- 
MeHHbifi CTO^-b h rpycTHo 3aAVMajica. BoT-b, wAajiH, -Mjxajm . . . 
H Tenepb sto npnuuio . . . h h coBepiueHHO He roTOB-b kt. 3toh 
wecTOKofl pacn.iaTt, 3a MbH-To qyaeie rptxH. BoT-b ceftHacb 

49 

M3 4 



npnAyrb y6HBaTb mchh — mto A"BJiaTb? . . . cnpaTaTbCH Ha qep- 
AaK"b? . . h ceftnacb >Ke caMi> ce6"fe OTB-kTHjrb — peBo./iiouiH 

npOTHHCTCH H'BCKO.IbKO JI'ET'b, ^iTO 'Me, TaiCb H 6)'AV CHA"KTb Ha 

Hep^aK-fe?* H noTyuiHji-b CB-fcrb, Jier-b He pasA^BaHCb Ha KymeT- 
Ky B-b Ka6HHeT-B h ceftqacb >Ke 3acHy.Tb, p-fcniHB'b, wto ec/in H04b 
npoftAerb cnoKOHHO, to yTpoiwb nofl^y Ha MHHOHoceirb «5e3- 
noKOHHbift», KOTopbiM-b KOMaHaoBa^Tb cb aBrycTa 1917 roAa. Bt> 
Hanaji-fe Hoa6pa h npHBe^'b MHHOHocem> H3T3 OAeccbi, Ha noxoA'fe 

CHJIbHO npOCTyAHJICH H H-BCKCMbKO AHefi CHAT^T) AOMa. 

H BCTajit paHo h nnji-b KO(pe, KorAa Ha napaAHoii iio3bo- 
hhjih. 51 OTKpbijnb ABepb. Boui^h Asa MaTpoca Cb «Be3noKoi'i- 

IiarO» MHHHO-MaiUHHHblft yH.-OCp- BOMM-b H MaUIHHHblH Y'H.- 

ocpHuep-b caMOCTOHTejibHaro ynpaBJieHia KyTy30B-b *). 06a 
6ji-bAHbie, cb nepeKomeHHbiMH jiHuaiviH. Bi> pyKax-b y hhxi. Shjih 
naraHbi. 

«KOMHTeTOM-b MHHHOft AHBH3JH npHK'a3aH0 apeCTOBaTb H 
npHBeCTH Ha CBOH MHHOHOCUbl BCBXTj OCpHUepOB-b AHBH3in. Mbl 

npHUJJiH 3a BaMH, r-H-b KOMaHAHp-b. Ecjih y Bacb ecTb opyacie, 
OTAaflie ero HaMt h noflACMTe cb HaMH Ha MHHOHOceirb». 

51 OTAajrb hmi> peBo.ibBepij Be6jieft h- Ckottj, jieacaBuiifi ro- 
Aa ABa y mchh bt> kopo6ktj; y Hero jronHyjia npy>KHHa h ee He- 

M-BM-b 6bIJI0 3aM-BHHTb. B"b 3TOTb MOMCHTb MOfl >KeHa Bbllllia 

H3"b cBoeft KOMHaTbi h BCTaJia BnepeAH iweHH. 

«CeHMacb HAy ct> bhimh, ho npe>KAe Bcero cnpawbTe peBOJib- 
Bepbi, He nyrafiTe mok) >KeHy». 

«HaA"BK)Cb. mto bh He noBeAeTe CBOHX-b ocpHu.epoB'b bt> 
gKHnam-b*. — CKa3ajia moh >KeHa, — «HX"b TaM"b Moryrb y6HTb!» 

«H-Erb, 6apbiHH, ocpHuepw 6yAVT-b Ha mhhohocu-b, mi.i 6y- 
AeiWb HX"b TaMTa oxpaHHTb». 

KorAa MHHOHoceuT> 6bun> eme B-b KannxajibHOM-b peMOHTE 
bt> HHKOJiaeBt (nocflfs oT"bT33Aa aAMHpajia Ko./maKa H3"b CeBa- 
cronojiH), o<pHuepbi MHHOHocua ycTaHOBHJiH oMepeAb, bt> Ka- 
komtj nopHAKt, bt> cjiywat Heo6xoAHMOCTH, ocTaBjiHTb Kopa6;ib 
ri StiKaTb KTO-KyAa MOJKerb. Bbijio hcho, mto HaA"BHTbCH 6o.ibine 
lie Ha mo. 



*) BoMMi h KyTysoBi 6hjh caiibie HHTe.uHreHTHHe h HcnpaBHbie jtaep%- 
oi|)HiiepM "Be3noKoftHaro" . 

50 



ConpoBO/KiiaeMHH npHCJiaHHbiMH 3a mhok) MaipocaMH, a 
npimieji-b Ha «Be3noKOHHbift». B'b Kaiorb-KOMnaHiH co6pa./iHCb 
Bcfe Ha.iHWHbie ocpHuepbi: 

Oap. HHK.-MeX. JieHT. HKOBT) ApTeMbeBHM"b POMaHHVKl> 

BaXT. Hiiw.-Mex. MHMM. KapaMSHH-b 

MhHHIJH OCpHU,. JieftT. MHXaHJITj IjB'BTKOB'b 
PeBH30p'b MHMM. KoHCTaHTHH-b TpOCHUKiH 

BaxT. ocpHU. mhmm. ZtMHTpiH MepTBaro 
lOHKep-b cpjioTa IlIexaBueB-b *) 

Mbl CHiTBJIH B'b KaHJTt-KOMIiaHiH MOJIMa. MpaMHbtC. HfHca- 
KHXTj npH3HaKOB"b OCpHUepCKHXt otjihmi'h HH V KOTO He 6bI.H0. 

TojibKO y MeHn 6mjih Ha pyioBax-b jxb-b uiHpoKHx-b h onHa y3Kan 
naiiiHBKa no MHHy KanHTaHa 2-ro paHra. 

MHMMaH"b rpocHUKJH, Bcer.n,a y3HaBaBiniH nepBi.iMi> bchki'h 
HOBOCTH, p33CKa3a«Tb O pa3CTp"K.,TR oq'wuepoB'b «ra/DKH6eH'» H 
OCpHUepOB"b, CO,fl.ep>KaBIUHXCH B'b MOpCKOMT. apeCTHOMTj JlOM-k. 

IGHKep-b UlexaBneBTi 3aM , BTH.Ji'b, mto no paHH-fee yciOBJieHHOMV 
pacnHcamio OH-b .nc/mem) 6bijrb ceroAHH 6-B>KaTb h3t> CeBacTO- 
nojin. 

«Y)Ke Sbi^-b Kyn^eHi) 6HJierb ... Hy a Borb Tenepb ape- 

CTOBaHTj . . .» 

B'b Kaiorb-KOMnaHiK) Bomeji-b 6ou.MaH-b rH'b.afOK'b (oH"b »e 
owjTb npejic'BaaTejieM'b cyaoBoro KOMHTeTa) h 06'bHBHJi'b: «Ko- 

MHTeTl. MHHHOH 4HBH3JH nOCTaHOBHJTb BCEX^ OCpHUepOBT) OT- 

npaBHTb no^ij KOHBoeMt B'b apecTHbift jiomt3 B'b SKHna^K-b. ria- 
Tpy.ib co6pajicH». 

M1.1 naMa^H Bbixo/iHTb na BepxnioK) najiySy. 91 meji-b nep- 
BbiM"b. Bca KOMaH^a co6pa./iacb Ha na^y6"B. Bbijio thxo — Myxa 

IipOJieTHTTj CJIblUJHO. B'b TOTb .fl.eCHTOK'b UJarOB'b £0 CXOAHH 

Ha 6eperb h, no crapoft iiphbhmk'e poTHaro KOMaH^npa, bhjih- 
;ibiBa>icH B'b ^Hua co6paBUJHXCH Ha lorfe bcbxtj MarpocoB'b 
«-Be3noKOHHaro». Hh oahhtj H3"b hhxt> He B3r,/iHHy.ji'b mh^ np«Mo 
B'b rjia3a, bce otboahjih ivia3a. cmotph Ha najiy6y. 

H eme pa3-b B3rjiHHy;rb Ha «Be3noKOHHbiH» — o^HH-b H3-b 
caMbix-b 6oeBbix-b h o6pa3U.OBbix-b MHHonocueB-b HepHOMopcKaro 
tb.ioTa. H n-iaBajiTj Ha newb ct> nepBaro jihh npnxoAa ero H3"b 



*) IOnKepi, (juioTa UlexaBiieBi. omjii ojhhmt, h3t> opranHaaTopoBi. joSpo- 

FOJIL'teCKHXh SaTajIMIHOBt Ha (jipOHTf.. 

51 



HiiKOJiaeBa bi> 1914 roay, npo^tjiajiT. na neiwb thchmh mhju. 
bo BpeMH bohhh y 6eperoB"b AHaTo.iiH, ynacTBOBajn, B-b CTbmxt- 
c^HHoSopcTB-B ci> KpeftcepoM-b «Bpecjiay» . . . 3Hajn> noHMeHno 
6ojibniHHCTBO yHTepT>-ocJ)HuepoB-b h KOMaHAM . . . Bcer^a mcm- 
Tajn>, mto Korjia-HH6yAb 6yay KOManaoBaTb sthmt. MVAHi.iM'b mh- 
HOHOCueMiD . . . Boti> h jioxjiajicnl Mowerb 6biTb a He .nvMa-Tb 
Tor^a TaKHMH cjiOBaMH, ho 9th ^yBCTBa h MbiciH h Bcer,aa HO- 

CHJTb B~b TO BpeMH BT? CBOeft flyill'E. 

Ha 6epery Hacb Kflajib. naTpyjib H3"b HauiHXT) MaTpocom> 
(n^reHbi KOMHTeTa h yHTep-b-ocpHuepw) B-b nojiHoft pcbojifoiuoh- 
hoh (popiwfe — KanKOBOH KypTOT} ct> peBOJibBepaMH btj Ko6ypax"b. 

nocjrBAHee BnenaiyrEHie o mhhohocu'b Gbijio yAHBjienie h 
He.a.oyM'EHie. y Tpana MHHOHocua ctohjit> BbicoKift ro^y6or.ia3biii 
iwaTpocb. OH-b njiaKa^-b h KyjiaKoiwb BbiTHpaji-b c;ie3bi . . . 3to 
6bun> MnxafljuoKTs, Ha6opa 1910 ro^a, b-bctoboh CKpbiBiiiarocn 
HeH3B-BCTHO Ky/i,a CTapmaro ocpnuepa jieflT."" OcKapa OcKapoBHMa 
OepcMaHa. 

Hacb noBejiH no EKaTepHHHHCKofl vjihu-b. Ct> efcparo ne6a 
naaaJTb mokpmh CH^nb, yjinua 6biJia noKpbiTa KaKHMb-To irfe- 
chbom-b cH+ira h rpH3H. npaBan Kajioina y mchh 6brjra HajopsaHa 
h na^ajia cb Horn . . . J[Ba pa3a n co cbohmtd npoBowaTbiM-b 
apTHJi. yH.-ocp. TyKOBbiM-b OTCTaBa.7i-b, Ha^-BBaji-b Kajiomy h men. 
B-b xboctb . . . HHor.ua h 3aKauiJiHBajicH h njieBajica KpoBbio, 
ocTaBJiHfi Ha cwfery KpacHbin nHraa . . . 

H3"b bopotTj OflHoro flOMa Bbimjia Ha vanity npocTO h 6%z[ho 
ofl-BTaH HeMOJio^aH KemnHHa. OHa eine H3aajiH mto-to KpHna„ia 
h rpo3Wia KyjiaKOM"b . . . «HaB'fepHoe peBOJirouioHepKa, CTapan 
BtiflbMa* — ■ noayMaJi"b h, ho Hana;rb hcho pa36npaTb en cvioBa: 
dlpOKjiHTbie! . . npoKJiHTbie! . . OnaTb noBejiH 0(pHuep0B"b v6h- 
BaTb! . . npoKJiHTbie Maipocbi, bch Poccin Bacb npoKJiHHerb! bch 
Poccm ...» H AOJiro eiue Bcn-b^b Hecracb en npoKJiHTia . . . 

naTpyjib ycKopHJi-b uiarH. Mh cnycrajiHCb Kb BOK3a.iy h no 
B0K3ajibH0My cnycKV da™ noauMaTbCJi kt^ 3KHna>Ky. y Boporb 
3KHna>Ka cxoajia TOJina MaTpocoB-b — y H-feKOTopbix-b cpypa>KKH 
ct> JieHTOHKaMH, y H'feKOTopbix'b Ka3aHbH nanax h. . . oSMOTaHHbie 
nyjieMeTHbiMH jieHTaMH, iuhhc^h bx. HaKH^Ky . . . Bhjio nx-b qe^o- 
B-feK-b 100-120 . . . Haiwb npe^CTOHJio npoftTH nepes-b btv inyM%B- 
inyK). SvHHyio TOJiny, T-BCHHBinyiocH y BopoTT. ABopa Ka3apMbi. 

52 



HeowHAaHHO tojiiui OTX^HHyaa K"b fcpaw iuiomaAH cb Kpn- 
KaMH: «Bop'b! Bop"b!» h oTKpbi.ia 6e3nopHAOMHyio cTp'fejibSy no 
Apyrofi CTopoH-b 6yxTH . . . Crp'hmjm no ne./ioB'BKy bi> oahomi. 
6'fejib'E, njibiBuieMy OTb rocnHTajibHaro cyAHa «Cio}KeTb» no Ha- 
npaBjieHiio kt> cTOHBiiiHM'b y Sepera MHH0H0cuaM"b. 3a hc/iob'e- 
komtj majiacb qeTBepKa Cb AByMH rpe6uaMH. Ham-b naTpyjib 
nocntuin^'b BBecTH Hacb bo aboptj, h mh noAouiJiH K"b apecTHOMy 

AOMy. M-BM-b KOHMHJiaCb noroHH 3a «BOpOMT>» Mbl He BHA^flH H He 

3HajiH, kto 6biji"b Torb HecHacTHHH HejioB'BK'b, cnacmift HaCb OTb 
B03MOJKHOH HeMeA^ieHHOH pacnpaBbi. 

To^ibKo MHoro jrferb cnycTH a y3Haji-b pa3raAKy stoh ncropiH. 

Kan. 1 p. <t>eoAop"b KoHCTaHTHHOBHH-b KjiHMOB-b, o6pa3u,o- 

BblH OtpHUep-b H JIHXOH KOMaHAHpij MHHOHOCUa, BCKOp'E nOCJI'B 

Hawajia «6e3KpoBHOH» nojrywH.fl'b B-b KOMaHAOBaHie 3-h AHBH3ioHTj 
MHHOHocn.eB'b. B-b AeHb KorAa, mm ocpnuepbi «Be3noKOHHaro», 
6biJin apecTOBaHbi, Kjimmobtj ncMani, SojibHOH Ha rocnHTa./ibHOM'b 
cyAHt «CK»Kerb», KOTopoe ctohjio Tyrb )Ke, Ha mhhhoh 633%. 
Ha 3TOMT3 a<e «Cio>KeT'B» 6bijrb Tenepb h iUTa6-b Mhhhoh ahbh- 

3JH H KOMHCCapOM-b AHBH3iH 6bIJTb CpC/IbAUiep'b Jia3apeTa AHBH3UI. 

Ha «CK»Kerb» npHuiaa Boopy>KeHHaH rpynna MaTpocoBTa h 
o6i3HBH^a 6ojibHOMy KjiHMOBy, mto OHb apecTOBaH-b h mto ero 

OHH OTBCAyTl. B"b 3KHIia>KT>. KjlMMOBTj, BTj OAHOM"b 6'B^b'fe, BHC- 

KOWHj-b Ha Tpan"b, SpocnjicH BTa BOAy h nonabijrb Ha CBOH MH- 
noHoceirb, 6biTb MomeTh HaA"BHCb Haft™ TaM-b 3am,HTy. 3a hhmt> 
norHa^HCb Ha MeTBepK'fe, Aoma^H h BbiTauiHjiH Ha 6eperb. OHb 
Quji-b KaK-b cyMacuieAHiiH, ahko KpHHaa-b, ApajiCH h 6pocajiCH na 
bcbxtj. Ero Tyrb JKe y6HJiH . . . 

Mh ctohjih y KajiHTKH, BeAymeft bo ABopt apec™aro AOMa. 
Oahht. \\3-b naTpyjibHbix-b nouiejrb npocHTb, mto6u n&wb ee ot- 
KpbuiH. «He;ib3H! JXowb nepenojraeHb apecTOBaHHbiMH ocpnuepa- 
mh mhhhoh ahbh31h!». «fl noftAy caM-b», CKa3a^l> FH'BAIOK'b H 
ywejrb. 

K"b HaMij MeA^ieHHO noATHi-HBajiHCb rpynnaMH pa3Hy3AaH- 
Haro BHAa «TOBapHniH»; Tpoe ws'b hhxt> noAonj^H 6jih3K0 kt> 
HaM"b h HanajiH A"BviaTb cboh 3aM-BHaHiH. Wwb nonpaBH^CH mhh- 

MaHb KapaMSHHTa, CTOHBUliH pHAOMTj CO MHOK). 

«3T0T-b euie HHnero, Ma^tbHHK-b, a Borb phaom-b cb hhmt. 
cmotph, Kaxan 3;iaa MopAa . . . bhaho HacTOHman KOHTp'b-peBO- 

.IKtllioHHaSI CBOJIO'lb . . .» 

53 



M-feMTD KOHMHJIHCb 6bl 3TH pa3rOBOpbI, HeH3B-feCTH0, HO Bep- 
HyjICH rH"BAK)KTD H HaCb BBCJIH BT> apeCTHblft AOlVTb. Bt KaHUejIH- 

piH HaMTs npeAJioiKHjiH cAaTb AeHbrH h Macbi. Bcfe sth BeiuH 3a- 
B-BAyioiiiJH AOMOiwb nojioKHjrb bi> nHCbMeHHbift crojrb h noBejrb 
nacb bo BTopofl sTaacb, btj Kaiviepy A26. Hacb bctpTdThjio irkc- 
KOJibKo nejioB-feK-b CTopomeft bt> paSoweM-b njiaTb-fe (B3HTbie na 
s>Ty AOJiiKHOCTb MaTpocw, cocjiaHHbie Ha KaTOpiKHbie pa6oTbi 3a 
6ym"b 1912 roAa h BepHyBuiieca Bt CeBacTonoJib). Oahht> h3d 

HHX"b, BblCOKarO pOCTa A'BTHHa Cb 3HaKOMbIM'b MHTj JIHUOM'b 3aO 

pajrb bo Bee ropjio: «IUpaMHeHKO npHBe;iH!» 

LU,ejiKHyji'b rpoiviaAHbiH TiopeMHbiA saMOKt, h mh-b npHiujia 
bt> roJiOBy rjiynaa noroBopKa: «orb TiopbMbi h cyMbi He 3ape- 
KaftcH*. Hacb BBejm btd KaMepy, bi. kotopoh TycKJio rop-fevia 3-,/ieK- 
TpHHecKan jiaMnom<a. BoKpyrt CT"BH'b 6bijin AOciuarbiH Hapu. 
nocpe^H CTOH^'b AepeBaHHbiii cTo^fb. B^b KaMept 6bIJIO TpHHaA- 
uaTb otpHuepoB-b — Hacb ceiwepo, H3T3 ocTajibHbix-b mh-b 3a- 

IIOMHHJICH TOJIbKO MOpCKOH JieTHHICb nOAnOpyHHR-b HO AAMH- 

pajiTeflcTBy. 3A"BCb Bis nocjitAHiH pa3"b h BHA"BJi'b ^eHTeHaHTa 
B. /Iy6HHUKaro, OH-b ctohjitj b'b ABepHxi> Apyroft Kaiwepbi, rA"B 

TO)Ke 6bIJIO MHOrO MOpCKHXt OCpHirepOB-b. Fa^-TO B"b KOpHAOp-fe 

MejibKHyjrb A-pt KyjinneHKO, (pjiarMancKift. Bpaq-b Mhhhoh ah- 
BH3iH, BHA'bJi'b B. H. OpjiOBa, dap. JiefiT. riorop-BJibCKaro, xopo- 

liliH 6bIJIT> My3blKaHT-b, HdMHOrO KOMn03HTOp-b. J\hk ABa-TpH 

TOMy Ha3aA"b h Bcrp'BTH.Ji'b ero h 3Haa, 4T0 ohTd y'fesiKaji'b Ha KaB- 
Ka3-b cb MaTepbK), paAOBa^ca 3a Hero. 

«3aM-BM-b bu BepHyjiHCb- Pa3B-b B-b Khcjioboack-b imoxo?» 
— cnpocHji-b h ero. Oht> MaxHyjit pyKoft — «Xyme h-emtj 3A"BCb!» 

CTOHBiuie y ABepH KaMepbi qacoBbie (aboc cb «Be3noKort- 

HarO») CKa3ajIH MH-B! «MbI TOJIbKO MTO CM-BHUJIHCb, a npe>KHHH 

CM-fcHa noiii^a Ha MHHOHOceu.'b CKa3aTb, hto Bcfexb ocpHuepoB'b 
naAo BepHyTb Ha MHHOHoceirt, a to Bac^ tyrb hohbk) Moryrb 

y6HTb». 

B-b KaMept 6uijih xyAiuia hobocth . . . Orb cropoiKeH mh ys- 
najiH, mto K-b 2-Mb qacaM-b npHroTOBJieHbi y>Ke 6ap>KH, 6yAyix> 

pa3CTp+WIHBaTb H TOnHTb, . . . 3T0 nOATBepiKAajI'b JieTHHKTa noA- 

nopyMHK"b: «Btj nepByio owepeAb 6yAyrb pa3CTptviHBaTb iiiTaG'b- 
ocpHu.epoB'b h Boo6m,e CTapHKOB'b, a mojioahx-b He SyAyTt pa3- 

CTP"BJIHBaTb ...» 51 riOCMOTp'BJI'b Ha Hero CT> COlKa^'BHieMX. K 
BCnOMHHJI'b CJIOBa CTapblX-b COJIAaT-b! «KTO 3AOPOBO TpyCHT-b, 

roTh CTapaeTca HanyraTb Apyrnx-b, i iTo6bi He nyBCTBOBaTb B"b cbo- 
54 



OH TpyCOCTH n030pHarO OAHHOHCCTBa . . .. XOTH, MOJKeTTs 6bITb, 
MaTpOCbl pa3A"fejIHJIH HaCb Ha «CTapbIXTj» H «MO^OAHX'b», MOJIO- 

Abie hmtj 6ujih 6jiH)Ke h noHHTH-fee . . . 

H Haiueji-b y ce6H B"b KapiwaH-fe 3ejieHyio TpeiHKy a nonpocHjrb 
npHHecTH KopoSKy nannpoeb. Pa3Aajrb bcbmi>, 3aKypHjrb, h CTa- 
ao HeMHoro ^erne Ha Aynit. 

FIpHHecjiH eaK'b MaKapoHb cb Macnowb . . . H cb yTpa HHqero 
lie iji-b — no'bvi'b MaKapomb h 3Bajrb ApyrHX-b npncoeAHHHTbCH, 
ho Majio kto noc^'BAOBa^'b MoeMy npHM-fepy. MacoB-b hh y Koro 
H3"b Hacis He 6ujio — BpeiweHH He 3HajiH . . . ripoiuejrb KaKofi-TO 
naTpyjib, rpeMH py>KbHMH h CTyna canoraMH . . . B-b Kaiwepy K"b 
iiawb BTo^KHy^H crapHKa cBHuj,eHHHKa . . . Oht> ynajrb Ha KOJieHH 
h bhahmo yoiH6cH. Mbi noAHHJiH ero h nocaAHJiH Ha CKaMeHKy. 

«IlpH4au;aH ocpHuepoB'b! . .» — ■ KpHnajiH MaTpocbi — «tm 
yMteuib npHwamaTb nepeA"b CMepraoH Ka3HbK»!» 

CTapHKy 6bIJIO OKOJIO 70 .71'BT'b 3TO 6hL}l'b HaCTOHTCTIb 

KJiaA6HHj,eHCKoft uepKBH Ha KopaSejibHoft cropoH-E, 0Teu,-b Me- 
ippaHOB-b. Onb CHA'bJi"b Ha CKaMeHK-fe, onycTHB-b ro^OBy, bhahmo 
cTpauiHO yApyneHHbiH. rioAHHB-b rojiOBy ohi. o6Be./rb Hacb ne- 

Ha.TbHblM'b B3rjIHAOM"b. 

«3a hto ohh Bac-b apecTOBa^H, 6a™niKa?» — «J\a coBep- 

UieHHO HH 3a HTO . . . H IIOHHMaiO, HTO OHH apeCTOBaflH B'dCb, HO 
3a HTO MeHH, CTapHKa? . .» 

Mm pa3oiujiHCb h pa3Jier^HCb no Hapaiwb bt> 0)KHAaHiH toh 
h^h Apyroft yqacTH . . . CnpaBa orb mchh jiextaji-b MHHMaH'b Ka- 
paM3HH"b, oTBBa MHHMaH'b Mhth MepTBaro. 

«JXa.H7e HSLWh BaUI-b KHTeflb, MH CnOpeMt 30JIOTMH HaLUHBKH. 

Bbi TyT-b oAHHt cb HaujHBKaMH, 3to oSpararb BHHMaHie». fl. ne- 

peAaJVh HMT> MOM KHTejIb, H OHH BIj MHFb neperpbI3JIH HHTKH H 
OTnopOJIH HaiHHBKH . . . TOMHTCttbHO THHyjIOCb BpeMH . . . ripOXO- 

Ahjih no KopHAopy cryna npHKJiaAaMH naTpyjiH ... Ha 3KHnaiK- 
HOWb ABOpts CTPT3JIHJIH H3"b py>Keft BT) B03Ayxi> . . . LLIajibHan nyjiH 

pa36Hjia CTeKJio h yAapH^a Bt noTOJiOKT) . . . CTpaxa He 6hjio, ho 
cepAUe 6n./iocb TH)Ke./ibiMH yAapaMH, TaKt hto Ka3ajiocb, hto h 
Apyrie c/ibiiuarb, KaKt oho cTynnrb. Okojio nojiyHOHH iuyM'b 
b"b TJophM-B Hana^Tj 3aTHxaTb. BcKop-E nocjrfe 9Toro noc^bima- 
.iHCb marH utwioft rpynnbi jnoAeft, noAoiueALUHx-b K-b Harnett 
ABepH. KaKoft-TO tojioct. nepenncjiaji-b (paMHaiH o^HuepoB-b 
*Be3noKOHHaro»: UIpaMneHKO, MepTBaro, KapaM3HHTj. 

55 



«3tO 3a HaMH!» KpHKHyjTb KTO-TO, Ka>KeTCH TpOCHUKiM. 

3arpeM'feji'b aaMOKt. Boinejrb MaTpocb, Haua.flbHHK'b apecTHaro 
AOMa. H3-fc>-3a ero cnHHbi BbicyHyjiHCb jiHua HaiiJHX'b naTpyjibHbix'b, 

T'feX"b CaMblX-b, KOTOpbie HaCb npHBejin CIOAa . . . 

«LUpaM4eHKO, MepTBaro, TpocHUKiH, KapaM3HH-b h LI,b-bt- 
kobtj . . . Bt> KaHue^apiK), no^yMHTe cboh Benin — Bacb Baiua ko- 
MaHAa Seperb o6paTHo Ha MHHOHocen-b . . .» CTapaacb yAep>KaTb 
paAOcrayio yjibi6Ky (Aa npocTHrb mh-b TocnoAb Borb noA-tocTb 
MejioB-fewecKyio), h nontwioBaji-b AByxi> ocTaBuinxcH — HH>K.-Mex. 
jieHT. #Ko64yKa h K»HKepa (pJioTa BlexaBueBa n Bbrnjejit H3"b Ka- 
Mepbi. 

B-b KaHueaapiH nawh BepHyjin nacbi, KoincflbKH, na^bro n (py- 
paiKKH. HanajibHHKT^ apecTHaro AOMa Aa-nT* npaTKoe HacraBjieHie 

liaTpyjIK); «EcJIH Bbl p'SUUUm B3HTb CBOHXl. 0(J)HU,epOB'b Ha MH- 

noHoceu.'b, to aojukhh necTHO BbinojiHHTb cBoe o6"BinaHie. y 
BopoT-b apecTHaro AOMa ctohttd rpynna TOBapnmen 6ajmnn,eB'b 
h ohh arHTHpyiOT-b 3a to. HTo6bi BCBX'b ocpnuepoBb neMeAJieH- 
ho pa3CTptjiHTb. Bbi 3toh arHTanjn He noAAaBan'recb h nocry- 
naHTe no npHKa3y DiaBHaro KoMHecapa MepHOMopcKaro (pJiOTa». 
OH'b B3r^HHyji'b Ha KaKyio-To 6yMaiKKy h nponc/rb: «CyAOBOMy 

KOMHTCTy 9CK. MHH. «5e3nOKOHHbIH» pa3ptaiaeTCH B3HTb OlpH- 

uepoBTa Hst apecTHaro AOMa Ha MHHOHOceu,-b. Cnncoicb npn;io- 
iKCiib. ToBapHm-b OcTpOBCKaH». 

«CaMoe .nymnee, ec/in bu nobepHeTe H3'b Boporb ikubbo 
bhh3Td wepe3T> cyxie aokh», — Ao6aBnab oht>. 

BopoTa TiopbMbi 6bijiH OTKpbiTbi, y Boporb ne 6buio hh Ay- 

UJH . . . TlHTb OCpHUepOB'b nOA"b KOHBOeMb IIHTH BOOpyiKeHHblX'b 
AO 3y60B'b MaTpOCOBTa HaHaJlH lUJiena.Tb HO rpH3H. Mbl BbllHJIH 
K'b MOpiO OKOJIO 3KHna>KHOH JI'BCTHHUbl. £[ OIIHTb yBH3"b Bl> rpH3H 

h noTepnji'b raaouiy. fl 3acM-BHjiCH — He Morb BbiTamjMTb Horb. 
Okojio MeHH mejrb apTnji. yH.-od). FyKOB'b. fl ocTaHOBHjicn. «Hy, 
TyKOBij, Tenepb caMoe BpeMH 6-B>KaTb». 3Ta rjiynaa myTKa wyTb 
He CTOHjia mh-b >kh3hh. ryxoB-b BbiTam,H;rb H3-b Ko6ypu HaraH-b h 
b3mojihjich njiemyuxuwh tojiocomI): «KyAa 6"k>KaTb ? . . . BtAt 

MeHH >Ke pa3CTp-BJIHK)T-b, T-HTj KOMaHAHp'b!». 

Becb MHHOHoceu-b 6burb ocB-femeH-b, KorAa mh noAOinjin 
K'b HeMy. KoiwaHAa He cnajia. Haiw-b npnroTOBHjiH waft n xji'bS'b ch 

MaCJIOM-b. XleCHTKH pyiCb Ha6HBUJHXCH BTj KOMaHAHpCKOe IIOMTj- 

menie MaTpocoB-b npoTflrHBajiH naiiHpocbi h cnmiKii. «BacT> 
56 



TaM'b MorjiH y6HTb! . . MorjiH y6HTb! . .» — TBepAHJiH Marpocbi 
— «Tenepb 6yAeTe >KHTb Ha mhhohoch.'e h hhkto He iiocM'feeT'b 
y6HTb hjih E3HTb Bach . . . nocTaBHM'b abohhoh Kapayjii)! . .» 

Hanajiocb CHA"BHie Ha mhhohocu-b. Orb KOMaHAM mm y3Ha- 
jxu, noneMy ohh ne b3hjih h3T3 apecTHaro AOMa HHJK.-Mex. jieHT. 
PoMaHMyna (noTOMy hto, KorAa Hanajiacb peBOJHOuJH, oht^ cmo- 

Tp+WTb Ha KOMaHAy HCnOAJI06bH 3.1HMH IVia3aMH H HH Cb JCEM'b 
H3T3 MaTpOCOBl) HHKOrAa He pa3rOBapHBa^Tb HeCOMH-EHHblH 

KOHTpTD-peBOJirouioHepi)! TaioKe KaK"b npn uapt — He TOJifako 

MaiHHHHCTaM'b, HO H BC'BM'b yHTep'b-OCpHH.epaM'b rOBOpHJI'b «TbI»). 

K)HKepa LUexaBueBa He b3juih, noTOMy hto «omb SbiJi-b opraHH- 

3aTOpOM'b A06pOBO^bWeCKHX'b SaTaJIbOHOBT) Ha (ppOHTE H BMli- 

ct-b cb BaTKHHbiM'b 6b\]Yb coTpyAHHKOMt npeAaTCttH KepeHCKa- 
i o — n/iaBHaro uapcKaro Kom-p-b-peBOJiiouioHepa . . .» 

Ha c^Ayioiuee yTpo npHmjia Ha MHHOHoceivb moh >Kena 
cb npncjiyroH J1k»6oh h pa3CKa3ajia, 4T0 Bnepa OHa c/b JIk)6om 
xoAH^ia BT3 apecTHbift AOMb, KaK"b ee TyAa He nycTHJin, KaK"b oh'u 
iiolujih Ha «be3noKOHHbiH» h npeACBAaTejib KOMHTeTa THtAKiKb 

lIOCJia./rb HXTj Kh KOMHCCapy OCTpOBCKOH H KaiCb Ta, IIOC/TB J\OA- 

lHx-b npepeKanin, pasptiHHjia B3HTb KOMaHAHpa h ocpHuepoB'u 
*Ije3iiOKOHHaro» o6paTHo Ha KopaSjib. 

rioc^'b mh y3naaH, hto Hacb BbinycTHJiH H3'b apecTHaro 

AOMa KaK'b pa3T> BO;BpeMH, HTO Bl> 2 Haca HOHH TyAa CHOBa BOp- 
BaJIHCb MaTpOCbl H BblBejIH H3T> KaMepi> HtaCKOJIbKO HeJIOB"BlCb, 
KOTOpbIX"b TyT"b X.Z, BT> KOpHAOp-fe, y6HJIH. BblJIH 3aKOJIOTbI IHTbl- 

KaMH h 3a6HTbi npHKJiaAaMH nan. 2 p. B. M. Op^OB-b, HacTOHTCJii. 
KjiaA6Hn;eHCK0H uepKBH KopaSejibHofi croponbi oTeu-b AcpaHa- 
cifl MetppaHOB-b, tpJiarMaHCKifi BpaHT> Mhhhoh ahbh31h A-p"b Ky- 

JiyneHKO, JieHT. BopHC'b /J,y6nHUKiH, HH>K.-MeX. KopTHKOBCKifi a 

jxeHT. noroptjibCKiH. 

Ko BpeMeHH, KorAa Mbi 6hum oTBeAenu bt. apecnibiii AOM'b, 
othochtch h Apyroe iKecTOKoe ySiflcTBO. 

CTapujift apTHji;iepiflcKift ocpHuep-b Kpeftcepa «riaMHTb Mep- 
Kypia», CTapmifl jieftTeHaHrb J\. L riaBjioBCKifi 6biJi-b otjihhhhh 
ocpHU,ep'b, ho ct> necKpbiBaeMbiMTj npesptHieMi. o6pama,ncH ci. 
MaTpocaMH h, bosmo^ho, noaTOMy, y Hero cpeAH hhxTj Sbijih 
•iHMHbie BparH. Mh-b pa3CKa3biBajiH noTOMT^ MacTepoBbie apTHJi- 
.lepiflcKOH MacTepcKoA CeBacTonojibCKaro nopTa, hto bt> 3tott> 
AeHb riaBJiOBCKiii, npoxoAH mhmo iwacTepcKOH btj nopTy, 6buib 
BSta.tpMB.Wb GbiBiiiHM'b TaM'b lui'rpyjieivrb. Maxpocbi GpocHJiH ero 

57 



Ha 3eMJIK), HaKpblJIH erO CTaJIbHblMH JIHCTaMH, HaXOAHBillHMHCH 

no6,3H30CTH, h npurajiH h ToiiTajiHCb Ha sthxtj ■JiHerax'b noKa 
ne 3aTHx-b nocjitAHifl Bonjib HecnacraoH mepTBbi. H-feMb 6h,jio 

BbI3BaHO 3TO 3JIOA'EHHie, OCTajIOCb HeH3B'BCTHbIM'b. 

BpeMH Hauiero CHA"bHiH Ha mhhohocu.'E 03HaMeHOBajiocb 
oahhmtj nopa3HTejibHbiMT3 cjiyMaeiwb: yxoAHBmift bt> 3anacb Ma- 
ipocb 10-ro roAa MnxaHJUoicb npHiueji-b npomaTbCH cb> HaiviH, 
Ka>KAOMy U3"b Hacb Aajn> KJi04eK"b 6yMaiH co cBOHM"b AepeBen- 
CKHiwb aApeccwb h CKa3a„Tb: «Ec/ih kom)'-jih6o h3t> Bacb npHAeT- 

CH CKHTaTbCH OTb npeC/TBAOBaHifl «TOBapMLU,eH», TO Ka*ABIH H3"b 

Bacb, kto npHAerb ko mh-b, HaAAerb 3auj,HTy h x^-B6-b». Mh- 

Xaft.JIlOK'b 6bIJI-b HaLUHM-b 6y(peTHHK0M-b H COXpaHHJrb HenpHKO- 
CHOBeHHblM'b BCCb CTCMOBblH CepBH3'b H Cepe6pO KaiOTb-KOMnaHiH 
H npHCJiyJKHBajITj HaiWb 3a CTOJIOM'b AO nOCJltaAHeft MHHyTbl, KaK"b 

oyATO 6bijiH npe>KHiH BpeiweHa. B-b ACHb ero yxoAa bt> Kaiorb- 
KOMnaHiio cnycTHjicn KOMHecap'b MHHOHOCua — ohtd »e 6ou- 

MaHb> THtiAIOK'b H CKa3a;i'b HaiWb, HTO nOKa Mbl 4HC/IHMCH 

apecTOBaHHbiMH, mm 6yAeM"b nojiynaTb o6m,e-KOMaHAHHH naeicb 
n aojdkhh caMH ycTaHOBHTb onepeAb xoAHTb Cb eaKOivrb h no- 
.lywaTb nHmy B"b o6m,eH onepeAH cb KOMaHAOH. Ka3ajiocb, hto 
Ha cpOH-fe He3acjiy>KeHHo-o6HAHaro xoAa co6bmH stoh o6uj,eH 
onepeAH He cjrBAOBajio np«AaBaTb 6ojibujoro 3HaneHiH, ho Bce- 
raKH cpeAH Hacb 6hjio 3aM-BTH0 naAeHie HacTpoemH h KaKOH-TO 
upHjiHB-b yHbiHin. ft HapowHO rpoMKO CKa3a^'b: «KaKoft nycTHK-b, 
lion onepeAb nepBaH», h B3HBb> npHHeceHHbifi Sou.MaHOM'b ny- 
ctoh 6aK-b, h BbiHAH Ha najiy6y, BCTaji-b B"b jiHHiio MaTpocoB'b 
Bb onepeAH 3a 06'BAOM'b. ft npocroM-b b^ onepeAH He 6o./ibuie 
MHnyTbi. Ko mh"b noAomejrb MacrepoBOH HHKOJiaeBCKaro Cy- 

AOCTpOHTejIbHarO 3aB0Aa (OAHH-b H3Tb 20, OCTaBLUHXCH Ha MH- 

hohocu'b ao OKOHwaTe^bHoft CAaHH noci'B KanHTajibHaro peinoirra 

Bb HHKOJiaeB-B), BI.ICOKifl, CTaTHblH MyiKHHHa Cb> KpaCHBblMTj, 

crporHM'b h HeMHoro nena^bUbiMi) jihuomtj. Ohtj nonpocTy oto- 
6pajrb y MeHH 6aicb h CKa3ajrb: «no>KajiyHCTa, r-Hi> KOMaHAHpii, 
HAHTe B"b Kaiorb-KOMnaHiio. y Bacb ceroAHH ymeji-b noc/rEAHift 
B'bcTOBOH, h noKa a cb MacrepaMH 6yAy Ha MMHOHOCut, h 6yAy 

BaM'b H OCj5HU,epaM'b IipHCJiyjKHBaTb 3a CTOJIOM-b, KaKl> B'BCTOBOH. 

. . . ft 3aBOACKift py;ieBOH crapuuHHa Epui0Bb>». 

ft BepHyjICH B"b KaiOTTa-KOMnaHiK). CTO^"b 6bIJIl> HaKpblTb 

CKaTepTbK), no^OKeHO oSbiMHoe cepe6po h TapejiKH. Xji±,6-b btj 
\jit6Ha\x-k 6bi^-b aKKypaTHO Hap-fesaHb. ^oMTHKaMH. EpuuoBb 
nepe^HJiTj 6opurb B-b cynoByio MHcny h cTa;rb y ABepefl KaiOTTj- 

58 



KOMnaHiH. H3-b-3a ero KpynHoft cpHrypu BbirjiHHyji'b nacoBofl 

MailJHHHCT'b JleBHUKifl Cb BHHTOBKOfl BTj pyKaX'b. MajieHbKifl, 

BepiviHBbiH MepHOMa3biH mc/iob-eki. co 3^biMH HepHbiMH rjia3aMH 

— oahhtj H3"b r./iaBHbix'b «opaTejiefl» Ha SaK'b. 

Me>KAy HHMb h EpmoBbiM-b Hawa^CH 3aiwBMaTejibHbift Aia- 
.iorb: 

JleBHUKifl: Bbi, TOBapHuj,-b MacTepi>, HanHJincb npHCJiy>KHBaTb 

o4)HU,epaMT> 3aM-BCTO B'BCTOBOrO? 

HpujoBTj; # HHKyAa He HaHHMajicn, a npHC'iyiKHBaio r-M'b ocpH- 
uepaM-b Ao6poBo^bHo. A 3a hto bi.i apecxoBajiH 

O^HUepOBTD? 

JleBHUKifl: H3B-BCTHO 3a hto! — 3a KOHTpia-peBOJiiouiH)! MaTpo- 

Cbl p-felUHJIH! . . . 

EpaiOBij: Kto AaJi"b npaBO MaTpocaMi) apecTOBbiBaTb otjmue- 
poB"b? O^nuepi. Ha KopaSji-fe — Bee, a Kopa6jib 6e3"b 
ocpHU,epoB-b — hhhto. Caiwb 6bui"b 10 jitTb MaTpo- 

COM1, 3HaK), 4TO TOBOpK). BOTb Bbi apeCTOBaJIH 0(pH- 

uepoBi., a 3a mto caMH He 3HaeTe. 
JleBHUKifl: A Ha KaKHX-b KopaSjinxt 6hjih bm MaTpocoM'b? 
EpoioB-b: 9i 6bi;rb py^eBbiM-b SouiviaHMaTOM'b Ha HMnepaTopcKofl 

flXTB «LllTaHAapT'b». 

JleBHUKifl: 3HawHTb, bw h TocyAapH 3Ha^H? 

EpmoB'b: TocyAapa HMnepaTopa HHKOJiaH AjieKcaHApoBHMa bch 

KOMaHAa «LLlTaHAapTa» 3Hajia h ,/no6Hjia. fl HMi5K) oto. 

aero noAapoK-b — oH-b noKa3ajrb cepe6paHbie nacu 

Cb Op./lOM'b Ha KpblLUK'fc HaCOB'b . . . y Ha(Tb BCB OCpH- 

uepbi 6biJiH xopouiie (oHb nepeHHC^Hji'b h-bckojibko 
cpaMHJiift, B"b TOM"b mhcte Ca6jiHHa, 3ejieHeuKaro h 
Apyrnx-b). Ho TocyAapb HMiiepaTopi. — oco6b cra- 
Tbn: npaBeAHbifl mcjiob'bktj, Apyroro TaKoro MejioB'h- 
Ka Ha cBtrfe He 6hjio h He 6yAerb!» 

Ha 3tomi. AHCKycciH 3aK0HWHjiacb. Tenepb sth wiOBa Ep- 

UIOBa KayK}TCH npOCTblMH H oSblKHOBCHHblMH, HO B"b TOH o6ci;l- 
IIOBK-fe OHH 6bUlH Heo6bIHaHHbI ! 

Bt> rt BpeMeHa! . . . Bt> rfe ahh, KorAa bch npaBOCJiaBHaH, 
renepajibCKaa, aAMHpajibCKan, AeopHHCKan h KynenecKaa Pycb 
noTepHjia rojioBy h He CM-kvia Aawe npoH3HecTH BCJiyx-b hmchh 
TocyAapn HMnepaxopa . . . B-b rb ahh, KorAa noAHMajiH Ha iutu- 

KH, H36HBaJIH npHK^aAaMH H pa3CTp-fejIHBajIH HH B'b ItWb Reno- 

BHHHbixi. ocjjimepoB'b . . . Tyrb psAOMTa . . . ceroAHH, BHepa II 3aB- 

59 



rpa . . . B'b rfe BpeiweHa — MOBa 6i,iBuiaro Maxpoca TBapAeftcKaro 
3KHiia>Ka pyjieBoro 6ouMaHM3X3 EpniOBa: «rocyA3pb MMne - 
paTop'b oco6b CTaTbH - Apyroro TaKoro np3BeAnaro wejioB'BKa 
ne 6bijio h He 6yAexT>! . . .» — 3BywajiH oxb3>kho. 3xo 6hijm 
cioBa npocToro pyccKaro qejiOB'BKa. 

Ha MHHOHOC1TB Mbl npOCHA"B^H nOMTH .0,0 Po>KAecTBa. O Haci> 
co6HpajiH CB'feA'BHifl ctj M'fecT'b npeiKHefi Haiuefl cjiymdu. 

CB'fea'BHiH 060 MH-fe npHXOAHJIH HeyX"BIUHXe;ibHbIH : H3-b Ap- 

THjiJiepiftcKOH LUKOJiM, rA'fe h ABa roA3 6bijrb npenoAaBaTejieMT>- 
HHCTpyKTopoMi^ KJiacca apxHJi. yH.-OCpHU.epOB'b, otb-bti> macHjrb: 
«Mw ero He 3Haeiwb — KOMMxexxj ApxHji. iukojih Ha «OnbiT , B»». 
H3-b LUxa6a KOMaaayiomaro MepHOMopcKHM'b cpJioxoM-b, rat B'b 
J 91 6 roAy h 6bijn> Ha aojijkhocxh noMoniHHKa DiaBHaro ApxH.i- 
jiepHCTa MepHaro iwopa, oxb-bxT) 6bun>: «TaKOH we otpHuep'b, 
KaK-b h Apyrie, hh xywe, He Jiymue». Kpeficep-b «ri3MHxb MepKy- 
piH», Ha KOTopoM-b h qexwpe roAa 6biji-b cxspuiHivrb apTHMepiH- 

CKHM"b OCpHUepOM'b, OTB-BTHTb He yAOCy)KHJICH . . . Kpeftcep'b 6lM.Il) 

3aHHrb ApyrHM-b BaiKHbiM'b A'bviOM'b: ohi> yuien-b B'b OAeccy h 
npoB03r;iacHJi'b ce6« «MopcKOH chjioh He3aBHCHMOft yKpaftHbi*. 

B'b 20-xtj HHc^ax-b AenaSpH MeHH HeowHAaHHo Bbi3Bajrb Ha- 
Bepx-b 6omwaH'b rH'BAioK'b. KoMaHAa, kt. MoeMy yAHBjiemio, 6i>i.i;i 

HOCTpOeHa B'b H-BMTO BpOA"B CppOHXa. rH"BAK>K"b TOpjKeCTBeHHO 

HbrrainHji-b KaKyio-xo 6yina>KKy h rpoiworviacHO nponejrb: «K<>- 

MHTeT-b JIHH. KOp. «TpH CBHXHXejIH» 000601.36X13 KOMHXeTV 9CK. 

mhh. «Be3noKOHHi.iH»: xoth jieftx. LUpaMMeHKO ruianan'h na khh. 

KOp. «TpH CBHTHTejIH» He B'b KOMSHA't, a B'b 111136%, HO Mbl BCt. 

ero 3HaeM"b 33 oneHb xopomaro hc/iob-bio. Mxo »e Kacaexca ero 

KOHXpT^-peBOJIIOUiOHHOH A^HXejIbHOCXH, XO AaeM"b 06"b 3X0MX> CBOH 

jiyniuie ox3MBbi. FIoAnHcajiH qjieHbi cyAoeoro peBOJiiouioHHaro 
KOMHxexa: xaKie-xo». 

51 BepHyJICH AOMOH H XOpWeCXBeHHO 3aflBH.Tb >KeH-B, HXO Bee 

caiwoe xniKejioe Mbi ywe nepoKHJiH h xenepb mo>kho o>kHAaxb 
o6jierneHiH ynacxH MopcKHx-b ocpHuepoB-b. Cna.™ mm cnoKoimo, 
xohho nocjrfe xHwejiOH 6ojtb3hh ... He npeABHAH xoro, wxo Toji- 
ro(pa MopcKHXb ocpHuepoB-b HepHOMopcKaro (p.ioxa 6bi„ia em? 
BiiepeAH. 

B'b Hanajiis HHBapH, paHo yxpoM'b, Ha EKaxepHHHHCKoii yjiu- 
H"B co6pa.xacb rpynna MopcKHXb otpHuepoB-b. Bcb ohh 6bijin B'b 

na^IbXO 6e3X. BCHKHX'b OXJIHHift H B'b (J)yp3)KK3X'b C'b CTapbl.MH 

ocpiiuepcKHMii KOKapAaMH. KoMaiiAOBa^i. BCBM'b oxpnAOMX- Kan. 
60 



2 p. Bopucb MHxaftjioBiwb ni.imnoBT). nocTpoiijmcb no 4 qe- 
noB+>Ka bt> paa"b. «Bi>iHyrb pcBOJibBcpu! npHKa3a.Tb HbiiuHOB-b 
- h c^'BAOBaTb 3a mhoh! LLIaroivrb Mapim?!* ILLih mhmo BOK3ajia 
h oGxo^HHM'b nyTeMi) Bbiiu^H Ha CuMcpeponcMbCKyio ;iopory. 
BcTp-BHHbie naipyjiH h MaTpoccioH 3acTaBa hc nocM-kin nx't 
ocTaiioBHTb. Ohh vuijih ktj TaTapaiwb . . . flaBiio v>kc iiochjihci. 
c.iyxH, mto KpuMCKie TaTapbi He conyBCTByrorb peBOJirouin h xo- 

THTT. VCMHpHTb MaTpOCOB-b. 

npoin.io eiu,e HBCKOJibKO ahqh, Kor.na oana>i<AH HOMbK) iia- 

"a.raCb 6e3nOpHAOHHaH CTp - BJIb6a H3"b BHHTOBOk"b B'b B03AV"Xb, 
II BAPyfb 3aBbI^H BCE CHpeHbl 3aBOACKHX'b MaCTepCKHXTa H Iiop- 
TOBblX-b KaTepOBTj. YTpOMT) paCHpOCTpaHHJICH CJIVXT3, hto TaTa- 
pw Hjyrb bohhoh Ha CeBaeronoJib. HHKaKHXi. TaTapcKHX'b 

B0HCk"b He OKa3ajIOCb, HO MHOrO TaTapTj 3anJiaTHJIH CBOCH }KH3HbK) 
H pa3rpOMOMT> CBOHXTj AOMOB-b 3a AHKVK) naHHKy, B03HHKIII.VH) 

cpejH MaTpOCOBT). 

Btj Mopckomt> CoSpaHiH Hanajincb ewe/weBHi.iH 3achAanin 
peBOJiiouioHHaro TpH6yHajia. H o6bhhhtcvih, h CBH/rbTejiH 6i.i./ih 
oiyMaftHbie — kto nonaAaerb noaT> pyKy. 

Ha 0£HOM"b TaKOlWb 3aCB^aHiH B'b SoJIblllOM'b TaHUCBa.Ib- 
HOM"b 3aJI-B Co6paHiH CyAHJIH KOHTp-b-a^MHpajia JIbBOBa 33 VCMH- 

peHie 6yHTa Ha Kpeficep-E «FIaMHTb MepKypiH» B'b 1912 ro,ay. fl 
npHcyTCTBOBa.Tb B'b. noHTH iwacKapaaHOMTj koctiom-b. Eiue B'b 

1915 T. H KynH-Yb KO>KaHbIH KOCTK)!Vrb H 3aH4bK) IWBXOByK) manKV, 

wto6h jierwe nepeHOCHTb 3hmhkdjo CTy>Ky Ha mocthkt> mhhohoc- 
ua. Tenepb oht> npHroAHJicn MHt, h6o KO>KaHbie KOCTiOMbi CTajin 

Kak"b 6bl CpOpMOH BCEXTa MCJIKHXT) peBOJHOUiOHHblX'b KOMHCCa- 
pOBTj. 

H Aanuo ne 6burb B'b MopcKOiWb Co6pamH. Haui-b bcahko- 
.i-fenHbiH 3a„rb 6biji-b san.TeBaH-b, 3a6pocaH"b OKypKaMH h ccmhh- 
kaMH. 3ia,/iH nycTbie iwBCTa TaM-b, rA^ Shjih nopTpeTH bcbxt> 
HMnepaTopoB-b. H3"b KaKoro no/mojibH Bbino./i3,7ia 9Ta TO.ina sa- 
il ojiHHBiHaa 3a»Tb? Ba6bi B'b njiaTKax-b — M<ecTHKyjiHpyrouj,iH h 
3^o6hmh Merepu . . . KaKie-TO o6opBaHUbi-6aHflHTbi, MaTpocbi h 
co^AaTbi B'b pacTpenaHHoft cpopM-fe ... Ha cueH-fe sacfe.aaji'b cya-b 
— KaKofl-TO uiTaTCKift npeACBAaTCJib h ABoe cyjoen, no 6oKaMb 
hxt> — MaTpocbi. TyT-b )Ke na cueHy BbiBe^H aAMHpajia JIbBOBa, 
okojio Hero 2 MaTpoca cb py>KbnMH. Hanajica HyAHbiii Aonpocb 
h noKa3aHia cBHA"BTejifl 6yHTa 1912 ro^a, KaKoro-TO MaTpoca, 
BepHVBUjarocH cb KaTopKHbix-b paSorb. A^Mnpaji-b JlbBOB-b aep- 

61 



hojich Cb GojibinHM-b aocTOHHCTBOM'b. «H BcerAa nocTyna,Tb no 

MCCTH H HO COBiCTH . . . JXp\THWh fl H HC MOr-b 6bITb, K3HTbCH MHt 
HC B'b M'BM'b . . .» 

3ainHinajiT3 ao6poBOJibHo na Bcfex'b arax-b npoueccax-b i<a- 
koh-to iwacTepoBOH CeBaeronojibCKaro nopTa ci. 6o.ri>inoii 60- 
poAoi'i. 3amHinaji'b cb nacpocoM'b, njiaMCHHO. MHorHX"b 9to cna- 
c/io. 

ft BblfipajICH H3"b 3aJia Cb THJKCJIblM'b MyBCTBOIWb. 

Ha apyroft ^enb cyahjih Kan. 2 p. BaxTHna, KoiwaHAHpa py- 
MbincKaro napoxoAa «npnHMHnecca Mapin». o6pamcnnaro B'b 
pcnoMoraTejibHbiH Kpeftcep-b, o6bhhhh ero bt> ycMHpemn f)yina 
Ha «noTCMKHH-fe». BaxTHHa ySHJiH ceftnacb >Ke nooit cyaa. KorAa 
naTpyjib AOJUKeHi, 6un~b otbccth ero B'b Kp'hnocTb. 

Taiwb we cy/UMH Kan. 2 p. H. U,BHHrMana 3a eflHHbiii aohoci. 
i;a Hero KaKoro-TO MaTpoca jihh. Kop. «EKaTepnHa Be;iHKan», 

TOM'b, HTO 3a KaKOH-TO npOCTynOK'b MaTpoca UBHHrMaHTj HI.I- 

Bejit ero nepeA"b qbpoHTb KOMaHAH 3a yxo. U,BHHrMaHa npHro- 

BOpHJIH KTj OAHOMy M-feCHUy COAepwaHJH B'b Kp-fenOCTH 3a VHH3H- 

TejibHoe oSpameprie ct> KOMaHAoft. 

CTaHOBHflOCb Tpy^HO Cb npO^OBO^bCTBieM-b H, MO^eT-b 
OblTb, C'b U+WIbK) OTBJieHbCH OT"b THJKejIOH, AaBHmeft KaK"b KOI1I- 
MapTj, >KH3HH, H, BOOpy>KHBLUHCb CaMKOM"b (c+dTKOH), IIOUie.Tb Ha 

6eperb K)>khoh 6yxTbi jioBHTb Keqbajib, KOTopan bouijir B'b 6yx- 
iy 6ojibuJOH CTaefl. ft 6burb B'b o.aHHOHecTB'B. no Aoporfe 3a 
Moeft cnHHoft npo'B3>Ka^'b BcaAHHKT> — MopcKon ocpnuep-b. ft 
V3Haji-b B'b Heiwb Kan. 2 p. Bor^aHOBa. ft orjiHHyjiCH — KpyroMT> 

HHKOrO . . . 

«Bor,n.aHOB'b, — CKa3ajTb h, — Bbi 3Haere, mto Bauj-b 3a- 

KaABIMHblH Apyrt BaHHMKa UBHHrMaH"b CHAHT"b B'b Kpf^nOCTH. 

B-kjlh xaivi-b ero y6bK>rb! Bbi HanajibHHK'b peBOJiiouioHHaro LUTa- 
6a qVio-ra! nonbiTanrecb ocBo6oAHTb ero! . . .» «A wto h Mory 
cA^-iaTb? Eiviy Taiwb 6e3onacH'fee, m^mi AOMa . . . IlycKaft nocn- 
AHTb» C'b 9THIWb BorAaHOB-b ncBxa^Tb Aajibuie. 



He Mory BcnoMHHTb TOHHaro nncjia eme oahoto newa^bHaro 
C06bITiH. B'b A.eCHTblX'b HHOiax-b HHBapa c6opHbifl OTpHA"b MaT- 
POCOBTj Ha MHHOHOCU.'B «raA)KH6eH» OTIipaBHJICH B'b fljiTy yc- 
MHpHTb KOHTp-b-peBOJirouiK). C'b KOMaHAOH «Be3IIOKOHHarO» Hd 
nOXOA"b yBH3aJICH JieftT. HBtTKOBTj. OHl> MHt nOTOMTD pa3CKa3bi- 

BaJi-b, hto nomejrb Ao6poBOJibHO, HaA^^cb \Aep>KaTb MaTpocoB-b 
62 



OTb 3B - bpcTB'b. «VaxjKii6ePi» o6cTptjraji'b Hirry, Sojibuinx'b noB 
pe>KaeHifl He npHMHHH./i'b, a saTEM^ KapaTejibnaa 3KcneAHnJH co- 
rnea Ha Seper-b h Haqajiacb pacnpaBa cb ocTaBniHMHCH B-b fljirfe 

CVXOnyTHblMH OCpHHepaMH. BOJIbLLIHHCTBO HXT> o6"beAHHHJIOCb Cb 
IipH6bIBlIlHMH Cb CppOHTa MHHaMH KpblMCKarO flHBH310Ha H ynuio 

btj ropbi K"b TaTapaiwb, ho bi. ropoA'B ocTaBajiwcb h He hjithhuij. 
cyxonyTHbie ocpHuepbi KaKHx^-TO nacTeft, npHSbiBiiiHX'b cb Kas- 
Ka3CKaro (ppoHTa. Hxi> pa3CTp'fc./iHBajiH Ha MOJiy h 'rpyrii.i 6po- 
ca-iH btj Mope. Bt> Hjite norH6:io okojio 200 cyxonyTHbixi) ocpH- 
uepoB-b. 

JICHT. U.B'BTKOB'b COUJeJI'b Cb MHHOHOCHa H8 HpHCTUHb, OKO.'KI 

KOTopofi co6pa^acb orpoMHan TOJina. KaKie-TO o6opBaHU,bi, coji- 
aari.i h MaTpocbi npHBejiH K"b caMOMy MHHOHOcuy AByx-b MOJIO- 
g.ux'b KaBajiepificKHXTj ocpHuepoB-b h AOJirojrETHHro CTapuiaro 
Bpawa CeBacTono^bCKaro MopcKoro TocnHTajiH, Tafinaro cob'bt- 

HHKa KH6epa Cb OKpOBaBJieHHblM'b JIHUOIWb. 

«nofiAeMTe co mhoh, — CKa3a^-b Ub-btkobv HanajibHHKi, Ka- 
paTe^bHaro OTpa^a MaTpocb Jlpai-b. — Ilopa npeKpaTHTb yfti 

pa3CTp-BJIbI». «Eft Bbl! 3aKpHHa^-b OHT. 3MHHHM'b rojiocoiwb. 

— Mto BaM-b ca/kjiajiH sth MOJioAbie ocpHuepbi? IlycTb nayrb 
AOmoh . . . H pa3o6pajicn, ohh hh be qeivn. He BHHOBaTi»i». Hxt. 
OTnycTH/iH B-b conpoBo>KAeHiH TpexTj MaTpocoB-b c-b «ra^>KH6eH». 

«J\& OTnycTHTe we h CTapHKa», — nonpocHjrb UB-ETKOB-b. 

<?HETE! - - p-huiHTejIbHO OTB-RTHJI-b ZtpaMT>. JloBOJIbHO nO- 

MUJi'h] nycKaft ce6"B yMMpaerbb 

«HErb jih (pejibAiiiepa B-b TOJinE?» — cnpocHJi-b KH6ep-b. 

OejibAiuepE Haujejica Ha «raA>KH6eE». KH6epE nepeAajiE. 
eiwy 6000 py6jieft Ka3eHHbixnb AeHerb, AaHHbixE eiwy Ha xjionoTbi 
no ycTpoftcTBy caHaTopiH be Hjite. h npocHjrE nepe^aTb hxe> 
be UlTag-b <J>jioTa, bm-ecte cb 3anHCK0ft JKeH-fe. OejibAiuep-b sto 
nopyqeHie npHHH;n>. 

«Tenepb h roTOBE» — CKa3a„Tb KH6epE>. Ero noABCJiH k"b Kpaio 

MOJia H BblCTpEJIHJIH B"b TpyAb. OhE CBajIUJICH BE> boav paneHHbiH 

i: BepHy./icn Ha 6eperE ke pa3CTpEjiHBaBiiiHME>. 

«H eme «hbe», — c«a3a.JiE ohe>, bmxoah Ha mo„te. Ero 

npHCTpEJIHJIH . . . 



HacTpoeHie be CeBacronojiE Sbijio 6e3HaAejKHoe, TfDKC/ioe, 

y rHeTeHHoe MyBCTBOBa.lOCb. HTO MepHOMOpCKift CpJIOTb yMH- 

paefb h hto Mbi, ocpHuepbi, TO»e aojdkhm yiwepeTb. Bonpoci. 

(53 



TOJibKO 6hjti>: KaK"b? h Kor^a? H,™ 6f 3 >KaTb? — h onaTb Bonpoct: 

KVTia? KHKb 6bITb C'b CCMbHMH? Bee >Ke KOC-KTO H3Tj OCpHUCpOBT, 
lp,10Ta Ky^a-TO HCMeSTj. y6HJIH HJIH GfrAiajlH HeH3BtCTHO . . . 

Bhvtph PocciH xaocb 6bijn> 6ojibme h^mtj bi> CTo„iHnaxT> h 
hu OKpaHHax'b ... Ha )Keji'k3Hbix .aoporax-b — ywacb . . . Hoch- 
.iHCb cviyxH o6-b H36ieHiH okOjIO 2000 cyxonyTHbix-b otpHu.epoB'b 

BT> KJCB'B . . . 



H IIOnpOCHJTb LLlTa6T3 ,HHBH3iH Ha3HaMHTb OCBHiTBTejIbCTBO- 

Banie iwciiH na npcaiwcrb yBo^bHCHia bt> OTnyCKT> no 6oji'R3hh h 

CH/TbVTb flOMa. MeHH OCBHiTBTejIbCTBOBajia KOMHCCiH, COCTOaBIIiaH 

H3T> flByxb Bpawefi h .aByxij canHTapoBT>. npcucTaBHTCieft roc- 

IlHTaJIbliarO KOMHTCTa, H IipH3HaJIH 60JIbHI»TM'b. Komhtcttj nocra- 

noBHJi-b AaTb Mirfe AByxM-BCHMHbiH OTnycK'b, 6c3b npasa iii.rl.3.ia 
H3T> CeBacTonojiH. 



Bb naqajit cpeBpajiH 1918 r. orb pa3JiHmn.ix"b aejieraiuH pc- 
BOJiiouioHHbix'b MaTpocoBb BajiTiftcKaro cpjioTa, orb o6pa 10B3H- 
naro peBOJiiouioHHaro SojibineBHCTCKaro coB-feTa HapoAHbix-b ko- 
MHCcapoBij h ^pyrHxia peBo^iouioHHwx'b opraHH3anift Hamajm 
riocTynaTb rpe6oBaHifl 0613 yrjiy^jieniH pe&ojiK)nin. ArHTanion- 
Hfaie jihctkh mtnroPt npeccu pa3>KHra«iH CTpacTH, npH3HBafl K"b 

_VHHMTO)KeHilO HHTCTIJIHreHUiH. Co6cTBeHHbIMH IViasaMH MHTajTb a 

•rejierpaMiwy, npHCJiaHHyio PacKOJibHHKOBbiM-b UeHTpoipJioTy Mep- 
naro iwopH. OHa rvracHJia: «CoBHapKOMy hsb-bctho, mto B"b CeBa- 
CTonoji'b A'feflcTByeT'b KOHTp-b-peBOjnouioHHaH opraHH3au,iH 
B-Bjibift Kpecrb — HepHaa tomio. 3aroBopmHKOB'b naao HCKHTb 
cpe^H MopcKHx-b ocpHixepoB'b h cnijiyeTb HeiuczuieHHO 3d.aaBHTb 
:-)T_y rHApy». 

B"b rOpO^"B HawajIH HOCHTbCH CIVXH, mto MaTpocbi noroBiin.'i- 
BaioT-b, mto nopa ycTpoHTb BapcpoJioiwBeBCKyK) homh, jvu\ MCTpeo- 
jieHiH bcbxtj npoKHBaroinHXT) btj CeBacTonojrE otpHH.epoB'b, Kyn- 
UOB-b h Boo6me «rocnoj3."b». 

rioCJI-B H'BCKOJIbKHX'b 6yHHbIX-b MHTHHrOBT) Ha JIHHefiHOM'b 

KopaSji'b «Bojih» (6i.iBUjiH «HMiiepaTop'b A.ieKcaHApT> lib), Bap- 
cpojioiwBeBCKaH HOMb Sbijia ocymecTBJieHa. Bt. HCTopiro peBo^wni- 
ohhhxt> Mep3ocTeft OHa Boft^eT'b noA"b 6e3rpaMOTHo Hci<a>KeH- 
HbiMij MaTpocaMH HaHMeHOBaHieiwb «EpeM'feeBCKOM homh». 

PtiuaromiH MHTHHrb 6ujvi> co6paHT> 23 ipeBpa.in. h K"b no- 
jiyHOMH 6biji'b cocTaB^eH"b njiaH-b A^HCTBin: nocjit 12 Mac. iiomh. 

64 



15-20 rpynrrb iwaTpocoBi), ci> nepeBcpnyTMMH JieHTOHKSMii na 
cpypa/KKax-b, TaK-b wto6m He bhaho 6m,tio ct> KaKoro Kopa6jia, 
cbtxajiH Ha 6eperi>. KajKAaa rpynna HiwBJia chhcokt, ocpHuepoBTa 

H COCTOHTCTIbHMX'b rpa^AaHTj, KOTOpblX-b H8AO 6bUO yHHHTO- 
iKHTb. 

3a ABa-TpH ahh ao «EpeM'beBCKOH homh» ko Mirfe Ha KBap- 
THpy npHuieji"b MaTpocb «Be3iioKOHHaro» TajiyuiKa h cooGiuh./itj, 
wto Ha mhthhi-e no npHKa3y KpacHaro Uem-pocpjiOTa coctohjihcIj 

BI,l6opbI KOMaHZlHpa MHH0H0CU,a. MHOrO CnOpHJIH, HO BCe T3KH 
MeHH npOBajIHJIH Cb TpeCKOIWb, a Bbl6pa.7IH CBOHlWb KOMaHAHpOIWb 

.iciiTeHaHTa JIa3apeBa, «noTOMy mto ohtj reopricBCKift KaBa.iepb 
(30JiOToe opy>Kie), a LLTpaiviHeHKo He i-oahtch, noToiwy mto yna- 

HHBaeTCH H, KpOM"B TOrO, npH Uapto CJiy^HJTb BTj T3HHOH nojin- 
LUH» (??) 

TajiyuiKa npocnjrb iweHa 6biTb y Hero Ha CBaAb6fe nocancen- 
hmmtj otuomtj. Ohtj weHHTCH Ha oneHb xopomeft 6apbiiHirb H3"b 
KOHflHTepcKofi MeccHHCKaro. BtunaHie Bt FIokpobckoh uepKBH h 

napa^Hblft y^HITb BT> nOMtmeHlH KOHAHTepCKOH, C'b TopraiviH, 
KOHCpCKTaMH H MOpOiKeHHblM'b. fl C'b >KeHOH OO'felHa.'IH 6blTb 110- 
CaH<eHHbIMH. 

1100;!% yxoAa TajiyiuKH n ncBxajTb bi> Uha6 , h KoMaimyio- 
maro h nojiyvHjrb Ha pyKH npHKa3"b o MoeMi. Ha3HaweHiH Ha- 
Ma.ibHHKOM-b OnepaTHBHaro Ojjvkjia UlraSa — BaKaHraoe m-bcto, 

(jlHKTHBHaH AO„l>KHOCTb, T. K. CpJIOTb V>Ke HliCKOJIbKO !WBCHU.eB b 

6bLTb coBepuieHHO HeSoecnocoSemb. Jl,e3opraHH30BaHmui, pac- 
iiyiHCHHaH iwaTpoccKaa Macca. TeppopH30BaHHbift h cnjibno no- 
pe^BUiiH ocpHuepcKifl cocTaBTj. 

CBaAb6a TajiyuiKH 6biJia OTnpa3AHOBaHa B-b noM^iueHin 
KOHAHTepcKofl MeccHHCKaro npH Han/iyxo 3aKpbiTbix'b ABepHXi> 
i ipe3BbmaHHO noiwne3Ho: 6biJio MHoro A'BBHU'b-noApy>KeKi> tit- 

!it>CTM H MC./IOB'BK'b 10 yHTepTj-OCpHUepOB-b H MaTpOCOB-b C'b 

«5e3iioKOHnaro». Bmjio MHoro TopTOB'b, BHHa h koikJjcktt.. Cy- 
npyrH MeccHHCKie h h 6m.jih noMexHbiMH tocthmh. npocHA+>Bi> 
3a CTOJioiwb c'b 8 ao 12 homh, B-b nepBoiwb nacy mm C'b ac^HOvi 

p-BIUH^H H^TH AOMOH. K"b MOCMy yAHBJieHilO 3T0My BOCIipOTH- 

BHJiHCb jKenHx-b h MaTpocbi cia «Be3noKofiHaro». yHTept-ocpH- 
nep-b ntiUiKOB-b noAOUiejrb ko mhb h CKasajit: «BaMi. nejib3>i 
yxoAHTb! . . . Becejibe 6yAerb ao yTpa. Mm, MaTpocbi, nnoBo- 
aiiM"b Bacb ct> /KeHoft ao caMoro AOMa». B-b 2-3 naca oht> onHTb 
noAooie.Tb h CKa3a;rb: «Tenepb mojkho hath. Mm npoBOAHWb 
pacb ao aom>'». H TorAa He noHHMaji"b — B"b newb a"bjio? 

65 

M3 5 



Tain., nojxh 3CKOpTOM'b AecHTH wejioB'bK'b uaTpocoB'b mm 
Aoumh ao ABepeft Moeft KBap-rapbi — TaBpHMccKaa 5. Bb Bepx- 

HeMl> 3Ta>K'B rHMHa3iH nO/VieCHOH. MaTpOCH O^eHb Et>K.lHBO 

ct HaMH nonpomajiHCb h ymjiH. 

Haiua cnajibHH 6bi.7ia caiwaH AaJibHHH KOMHaTa oi"b napaA- 

HOH ABepH, 3aKpbITOH SOJIbMHlVrb Ay60BbIM-b 3aCOBOM'b. M1.1 3a- 

nepjiH ABepb bt> cnajibHK). JIoKacb cnaTb h 6pocH;n^ bt. niHHKb 
KOMOAa MajieHbKifl peBOJibBepb-SyjibAorb — H3Hm,Hyio HrpyOiKy, 
OTA'bJiaHHyio nepjiaMyxpoMi) h 30JiOTOM"b . . . .Hepwa-Tb a ero na 

CJiyHaft Heo6xOAHMOCTH nOKOHHHTb Ch C060H BTj KpHTHMCCKill 
6e3BbIXOAHbIH MOMeHTb. ,0,O-HejIb3H yCTaJIbie, Mbl Kp'fenKO 3a- 

CHyjiH h npocHyjiHCb orb dyKa B-b ABepb npHK.iaAaMH H KpHKa 
CHapy>KH: «06biCK-b opy>Kia!» 

H BCKOwHji-b h HaKaji-b 0A"bBaTbCH. HaABJit nepsoe mto 110- 
najiocb noAt pyKy, 6-hjihin SproKH h KHxejib ... He Morb BcnoM- 

HHTb, KyAa A'ETI'b peBOJIbBept . . . MaiilHHajIbHO OTKpbKTb KOMOJL 

— peBOJibBepi) 3A"ECb! 3acyHyjit ero 3a Tyroft nonet SproKi. 
c3aaH noA"b KHTejib . . . OTKpbijrb ABepH . . . Bouijih nejioB'BK'b 

10-12 MaTpOCOB-b Cb nepeBepHyTblMH rteHTOmOMH H py>KbHMH. 

HmHTe . . . >KeHa OTKpbuia ABa 3epKajibHbix"b uiKana ct> OAe>K- 
aoh. MaTpocbi Heiwuoro nopujiHCb h bmiiijih bt? rocTHHHyK). Taxis 
croHjn> Sycperb, nepeHeceHHbift H3"b ctojioboh (aTa KOMHara 
6wjia y Hacb peKBH3HpoBaHa ajih KOMMepMecKaro MopaKa, npa- 

nOpLUHKa Cb >KeHOft). MaTpOCbl B-B>K.THB0 CnpOCHJIH OTKpi.ITb 

6ycperb. Cepe6pHHbie cTOJioBbie npHSopw, caxapuHUbi h Ba3u 
Mopo30BCKaro cepeSpa hxt> He 3aHHTepecoBa,/iH. HarH6aacb, ot- 
KpbiBaa HHKHie iHKaimHKH, h cb onacKoft Ayiwaji-b, He bhacht. 
jih 3aTKHyTbift 3a noHCb peBOJibBepT.. npouuio! . . B-b 3to Bpevin 

i7lK)6a BblLHJia H3T> MOefl KOMHaTbl C"b >KeHHXOMTb-MaTpOCOM'L 

noABOAHaro njiaBaHia. JIio6a CTOHJia KpacHaa, pacTepnuHan, a 

STOTTb AypeHb pljIUIOTb BM"BUJaTbCH . . . «T0BapHHJ,H, a eCTb JIH V 

Bacb iwaHAarb Ha o6ucK'b?», — cnpocH^-b oht>. MaTpocb. py- 

KOBOAHBUlift 06bICK0M'b, BblHyjTb HaraHTj H TKHyBTj HM"b BT> HOCb 

cnpaniHBaiOLnaro, cTporo otb^thju.: «Borb TeCis moh MaHAarb!». 
Hoc/it SToro ocMOTpiiAH eiue KaSHHerb h nwcbMeHHWH ctojii 
h yiiuiH . . . yBeA^ c-h co6oft npanopiumo, KOToparo TO,/ibico 
na-AHflxij npoH3BejiH, h 0HT3 KynHJiT> ce6t ca6jiK). TaKt h CTon.ia 
OHa B-b yrjiy, 3aBepHyTan Bt Syiwary h nepeBH3aHHan BepeBon- 
Kofl. noc.Ti'BAHia cjiOBa HanajibHHKa naTpyjin 6hjih : «3Toro 
KOHTp-b-peBOJnoujoHepa 3a xpaHeHie opyacifl mi>i apecTyeiwb*. >T 
Bbiuieji-b Ha Ji-fecTHHuy BCYEA'b 3a BbiineAiHHM'b naxpyjieM-b, co- 

66 



;snaBaa, mto xjiaAHOKpoBie h yrpjOMaa B-B>KJiHBOCTb — eji:u\ 
cTBeHnoe B^pHoe opywie. Oahhtj h3t> MaTpocoB"b, yyne cnyci<a- 
acb, KpHKHyji-b mh-b: «A ch KaKoro Bbl KOpa6jIH?». «H Bbl6()pHbIH 

KOMaHAHp"b 3CKaA. MHHOHOCUa «Be3nOKOHHbIH», Ba>KHO OTB-fe- 

THjrb h. MaTpocbi yiujiH . . . H CTOHjrb Ha njiom.aAK'b JitcraHUbi h 
o/iyuiajrb yAa^HBUiiecn marH naTpyjm, ocTaBHBiuaro mh-b 3a- 
nHCKy. hto o6wcK'b opyndfl npoHSBe^eH'b. MnnyT-b qepe3-b naTb 
onHTb BHH3V OTBopaioTCH ABepn . . . OnHTb naTpy.nb . . . Ho si 
y>Ke o6Haivi'BJi'b. «Kto TaM-b? — cnpocHJTb h — o6biCK , b opy>Kia 

TOJIbKO-MTO 6bUTb!». «A KTO Bbl TaKOft?» «Bbl6opHblft KOMaH- 

jHp-b «Be3noKOHHaro». «A! «Ee3noKoftHaro»! Taivrb xopouiie 
pe6HTa! A ecTb jm eme KBap™pi>i?» — «H'bT'b, sto 3AaHie thm- 
Ha3iH noAJiecoft». Yiujih . . . XjionHyjia BHH3y ABepb . . . B03- 
Bpaiuarocb B-b KBapTHpy h . . . HaTbiKarocb na (pHrypy b-b Kam<o- 
boh KypTK'fe h ocpHuepcKofl cpypa/KK-b. «MHqMaH'b MapTHHo! — 
BOCKJiHKHVJi'b h — a bh qero 3A"BCb?» «JXonro pa3CKa3bIBaTb 
- cKa3a^Tb OH-b — Aaft-re mh-b -kerb!* B-b ctojioboh eiwy asjih qaro, 
ucpHaro xjik6a h MajiopocciftcKaro cajia. Oht^ -bji-b Moma, 6ji'ba- 

HI.IH H V^PyMeHHblH . . . «BbI-TO MerO yBH3a.lHCb? pa3B-fe ne BH/fB- 

,ih. M-biwb 3to naxHerb?» - cnpocHJfb h. «y>Kac-b! yx<acb!» — 

0TB%TH«1T3 OH"b . . . H yiuejl'b. BblJIO y>Ke COBCfeMt cb-btjo. 

B-b 7 nacoB-b npH6 - B>Ka.ia npHCJiyra H3-b noma Moero Teem, 
1 CHcpa.'i'b-Mafiopa 3pa>KeBCKaro. «BapHHa yBe™!» — 3aKpHwajia 
ona. >KeHa noujjia cb Heft. Eme qepe3-b qacb BepHyncn npanop- 
IUHKT3 h Moa *eHa, h ohh pa3CKa3ajiH mhIs, mto BcfexT. apecro- 
BanHbix-b vboahjih B~b MopcKoe Co6paHie hjih bo ABopeirb TjiaB- 
Haro KoMaH^wpa — He homhh) tohho, h Taiwb eyAHJiH. Oahhxi., 
110 npHroBopy peBOJirouioHnaro cyzia, yBOAHjiH B"b npHMbiKaro- 
min ktj 3a./iy KOMHaTbi - Ha.TbBO, Apyrnx-b HanpaBO. KaK"b no- 

TOM"b pa3CKa3bIBaJIT3 MH% MOft TCCTb, CVAls nOCTaHOBHJTb OTBCCTH 

ero najitBo, ho b^ sTorb momchttj oAHH-b H3-b mjichobtj cyaa. 
MO.iOAoft MacTepoBofi CeBacTono.ibCKaro nopxa, BApyrb kphk- 
nv.Tb: «H npoTecTyro! reHepa^'b-Mafiop'b 3pa>KeBCKift B"b oTCTaBKb 
eiue ao bohhbi! Ohtj c^yjKHT-b B-b KOMHeciH no HcnbuaHiio yrjia. 
Ohtj xopomift Me^OB^Kb, h Bcb, kto ci> hhmt> c»iv>khjih h pa6o- 
la.iH ero ;no6HT-b KaKT> cnpaBeAJiHBaro qejioB'bKa». HpeAcbAa- 
re.ib-MaTpocb cpa:sy corjiacH^cn. «Xopoiuo! BeAHTe ero Hanpa- 

B0!». Bcbxi. CoGpaBIHHXCH B"b 3TOft KOMHai"b BCKOp'b OTHyCTHJIH 

Cb 3anHCKoft: «PeBOjironioHHbiM'b cyAOiwb ocBo6oKAeHb ottj Ha- 
Ka3aHiH h iiocjiaHi> AOMoft». Bi> ^-bBOH KOMHarb 6bijio coSpaHO 

14 HejIOBtk"b. BT> TOM-b MHCVlt BHUe-aAMHpajI'b BaCHJIbKOBCKift 

67 



(KanHTatrb Ha^t CeBacrono.JibCKHM'b nopTOM-b) h JieftTeHaHrb 
H. H. MaKapoB"b. OcTajibHbix'b He iiomhk) hjih He 3Ha./Tb. Bwjih 
b^ tomt> mhcji'b h cyxonyTHbie ocpHuepu. Bcbx'b nx-b noBejm Ha 
Kopa6e;ibHyio CTopoHy h TaMT>, iyrk-To okojio MajiaxoBa xyp- 
raHa, nocTaBHJiH B-b pn^-b h HanajiH pa3CTp-BJiHBaTb . . . FIocji-e 
nepBaro, HecTpoftHaro, 3ajina MaKapoB"b, nyBCTBya, hto OH-b pa- 
HeH-b bt> pyKy, 6pochjich 6-fe>KaTb, He pa36HpaH AoporH . . . Uyjiu 
cbhctejih okojio Hero, ho HacroHuiaro npecji'BAOBaHifl He Smjio. 

JXO HOTO OH-b npOCHA'BJrb B-b HMt BTj KaKOM-b-TO JltCK-fe. PaHa 

CHjibHO KpoBOTOHHjia h nepeBH3aTb ee He 6hijio bo3mo*hocth. 
rio3AHO BeHepoiwb, coBepiueHHo H3HypenHbiH, OH"b nocTyqajrb Bt 
ABepb KaKoft-TO xaTKH Ha OKpaHH"B «Kopa6yLUKH» (ceaeHie Ko- 
pa6ejibHofl ctopohh). ZlBepb eMy oTBopHjrb MacTepoBofl CeBa- 
CTonojibCKaro nopTa h, ysHaB-b B"b qeiu-b xkno, cKa3ajrb: «Boh- 
Ahtc H Bacb cnpnHV Ha qepAaK-fe h ceftqacb nepeBHKy Baiuy 
paHy. H MeHbiueBHK-b h HeHaBH^y 6ojibiueBHKOB-b». ripoui.io ABt> 
neA^Jin, noKa rHOHBHiaaca paHa 3a)KHJia. TorAa, nepeoA'BTbiH bt> 
uiTaTCKoe n^aTbe, MaKapoB-b HanpaBHJica aomoh. 

BoT-b hto noTOM-b mh"b pa3cKa3a.ua >KCHa H. H. MaKapoBa. 
«Ha BTopofi AeHb nocjit BapcpojioM-BeBCKoii hohh (23 (peBpajin 
1918 r.), n eme HH^ero He 3Ha;ia o Moeirb Mymt, noc/it Toro 
KaK-b KaKoft-To naTpy^b yBeji-b ero, KaK"b mh-b CKa3ajw, bo abo- 
peivb TjiaBHaro KoManAHpa. KorAa B-b KpbiMCKOiwb B'bcthhk'r 
noHBHjica cnHCOK-b pa3CTp'fejiHHHbix'b no npHroBopy peBO.iioui- 
OHHaro TpH6yHajia, 6bijia HanewaiaHa cpaMHjiin jieflTeHanTa Hh- 
KOJian MaKapoBa. 5\ xoAHJia cb ApyrHMH meHaMH ocpHuepoB-b pa- 
3biCKHBaTb ySHTbixi. iwywefi . . . FIjiaKajia irfejibiMH ahhmh, 06- 
HHBIUHCb Ch Moeft TpCXJI-BTHeH AowypKoft . . . Bt> 6;iH>KaHiJjie ahh 
OTCJiy)KHJiH naHHXHA.v, ho 3to mchh He ycnoKOH^o, h 6i.na bt> 

KaKOIWb-TO OTyneHJH. 000.115 9TOH CTpaillHOH H0'4H npoiujio OKO- 
JIO AByXT. HeA'BJIb. Mbl Cb AOHypKOH CHA"BJIH BTj CBOefi CTOJIOBOii 

h nnjiH qafl. Bhjio okojio 9 HacoBTj Bevepa. Kto-to nocryMajicn. 
51 OTKpbuia ABepb . . . 3to 6hjit> Moft My^i . . . yAap-b A«1H MOHXIj 

HaTHHyTblXT) HepBOBt 6bIJIT3 CJIHIUKOMTj CTpaillHblH . H AHKO 

BCKpHKHyjia h ynajia 6e3T> co3HaHia». 

JlefiTeHaHT-b H. H. MaKapoB-b norH6i>, cpa>KaHCb Bt pHAax-b 
6'bjioh apiwiH, KOiwaHAHpoMiD 6poHencB3Aa. Kt coKa^'biiiK), He 

nOMHK) riOApo6HOCTeH 9T0r0 A"BJia. Fl0'B3A'b 6bIJIl> JIHUjeHTa B03- 

mo>khocth ABHraTbCH — nyTH 6bijiH B3opBaHbi BnepeAH H no3aAH 
noteAa rA^-To B-b yme^b-fe, h Becb cocTaBTs no-B3Aa SbiJTb nepe- 
dHT'b. KaKHiwb-TO qyAOMi. yAajiocb cnacrncb OAHOMy apTH.Me- 

68 



piHCKOMV KOH,ayKTOpy, KOTOpblH, MHOrO n03>Ke, pa3CKa3bIBa*Tb 
MH"B 06t> STOMTb. 

Kaio> nepeAaBajia ocB-BAOMfleHnan o ncewb npoHcxoAHBmeMb 
btj 9Ty HOMb ceBacronojibCKaH ra3eTa, 6bi./io ySHTO okojio 300 

MOpCKHXTj H iKHBUlMXTj B'b ropO^'B OCpHUepOB'b CeBaCTOnOJIbCKOH 
Kp'BnOCTHOH apTHJIJiepiH, HTsCKOJIbKO AOMOB.flaAtWIbU.eB'b H TO- 

Poackoh rojioBa HeocpHrb, Hpe3BbinaHHO Ky^bTypHbift ropoA- 
ckoh A^HTe^b, B.iaA'BTe./ib MaKapoHHoA cpa6pHKH. Ohij aeacajn> 
oo.ibHoA B'b nocTeji-fe, Kor^a MaTpocbi npHiujin A"bviaTb oSbicieb. 
BoiiieAUJiH naTpyjib HCKavTb opywin, ho HHnero He Hamejrb h 
xorkvib y»e yxoAHTb, KorAa OAHHb H3b Ma-rpocoBb BepHyjicn h 
B3H^'b y Hero Cb HOMHoro CTOJiHKa 30JioTbie nacbi. «3to He opy- 
>Kie», — cKa3ajib HeocpMHb. «A sto opy>Kie» OTB'BTH.zib MaTpocb 
h BbicTp-BjiHjTb B"b ynopb eivry BT> jihik>, y6HBb HanoBajib Ha rvia- 
3axb KeHbi. 

ElHe OAHO H3b 3BbpCKHXb ySiftCTBb COXpaHHJIOCb V MeHH 

B"b naMHTH. IlaTpyjib H3T> Tpexb He^oB'BK'b npHiuejib Ha KBap- 
THpy Kan. 2 p. Pe3eHKaM(pa, HaHa^bHHKa npHCTpbJioHHOH mhh- 
hoh CTaHiriH. «Bbi apecTOBaHbi h aojdkhh hath cb HaMH B'b peBO- 
aroiiioHHbifl uiTa6b», — ■ CKa3ajiH MaTpocbi. 3to 6biJio, BbpoHTHO, 
btj AeKa6p"B, Bb ahh pa3crp r B.7ioBb, noTOMy hto noroAa ctohjiu 
CKBepHan, h Pe3eHKaMCp"b xoT'fcvi'b HaAbTb rajioiriH. «rajiouiH Ha- 
A"feBaTb He HaAO, He Kb i ieMy». npeAMyBCTBya HeAo6poe, yuma h 
ABoe AtTeft, cb KOTdpbiMH orerrb nonpomajiCH, cnycrajiHCb 3a 
naTpy^eiwb h bhihjih Ha yjinuy. Ha nxb ivia3axb creub 6bijib 3a- 
CTp'fejieH'b TyT'b H<e, okojio AOMa, h HCKOJiorb HiTbiKaMH. OH'b eme 
AbiinajTb, KorAa KeHa h a^th 6pocHJiHCb Kb Heiwy. naTpyjib 
yiuejib He o6opaMHBaHCb . . . 

OAHano Bee npoxoAHTb, npomjia h >KyTKaH «EpeMbeBCKaH» 

HOHb. 

Bb 9 nacoBb yTpa h no3BOHHjib Bb UlTa6b <t>JiOTa Ha «reop- 
rift rio6tAOHOceu'b». Otbtdthjitj nncapb MaTpocb LUeBHeHKO, mow 
viHHHbiH nncapb apTHJuiepiflcKOH Mac™ IIlTaSa, rA"B h, Bb 1916 
roAy 6bijnb noMOu;HHKOM'b TjiaBHaro apTHMepnera HepHaro mo- 
pn. «LUeBHeHKO, nycTb ABa nncapn LU/ra6a npHAyrb 3a mhokj Ha 
KBapTupy; MHb HaAO HBHTbca Bb UIt&6t>, a TyTT>, B'b ropoA"B, 
nepi-b SHaeTT. hto tbophtch». «CeflHacb, ceftnacb ace opraHH3y- 
eMT>, — noc^biiua^ocb B'b OTB'BT'b. — Be3"b Hacb, Bauie Bhc-ko- 
poAie, He BbixoAHTe». Hepes-b nojmaca nHcapa 6bMH y MeHH, pa3- 

CKa3aJIH MH-fe, HTO B'b rOpOA"B HOMbK) SblJIO MHOrO SeSSaKOHHUXTj 

yfiiiicTB'b, ho mto Tenepb Bee ya<e cnoxoHHO, ho He bcb naTpy^H 

69 



eu;e BepHyjiHCb Ha Kopa6jiH, h noaTOMy cji'kAyerb hath ocropoJK- 
Htse. «FiHcapb HnKHTHH-b noHAerb Bnepe^H, a bu HAHTe phaomt. 
co mhok), — CKasajit IIIeBweHKO. - - CrB/urre 3a Moeft pyKofi, ec.M 
CA"BJiaio SHaK-b, nepexoAHTe Ha Apyryio CTopoHy». 

Mm aoujjih QjiaronojiywHO ao TpaipCKOH npncTaHH h era,™ 
cb ^TiBofl ctopohh B"b o>KHAaHiH iiijiionKH. CnpaBa okojio Tpacj)- 
ckoh npncTaHH CTOHjia 6ap>Ka, Ha KOTopoft 6hjih HaBajieHi.i Tpy- 
iih ocpHu.epoB'b. CBepxy Jiex.an-h, pacKHHyBt pyKH, ■rpyn'b ocpH- 
uepa btj OKpoBaBJieHHofl Stjiofl py6auiK-B. BopoAa lHHpoKHMb 
BeepoM"b npHKpujia ero paHbi. 3to 6bijio rkno KOHTp"b-aAMHpa.i.i 
HHKOJiaH TeoprieBHMa JIbBOBa ... H He Morb CMOTp-feTb bt^ ry cto- 
poHy . . . Cna3Mbi AyuiHJiH mhts ropjio. 3to 6wjio qyacxBo 6e3- 

IipCA'BJIbHOH TOCKH H OTBpaLHCHiH K'b )KH3HH . . . 

Ha «reopriH no6tAOHOcu,-fe» a hbhjich HawajibHHKy LUha6a 
Kan. 1 p. A. A. HHuieHKOBy. «Bbi npHMHTe OnepaTHBHoe ota'b- 
jwme orb JieflTeHaHTa Kobchko, a OH'b ocraHeTCH bo rviaB-fe Aa- 
MHHHCTpaTHBHaro h OpraHH3auioHHaro OTA'fcjieHiH. BHOBb Ha3- 
naweHHoiwy KoiwaHAyiomeMy OjiOTOM'b aAMHpajiy Ca6;iHHy hb- 

JIHTbCH He HaAO. AAMnpajITj npHKa3aJTb HHKOMy H3"b MHHOB"b IilTa- 

6a Tpn ahh Ha 6epenb He cbfeiKaTb. Hahtc ki> KOMHccapy ILlTaSa 
<&jiOTa PoMaHOBCKOMy (pyaeBoii yHTep-b-ocpnuep-b cb Ka-repa aA- 
MHpa^ia HoBHUKaro). OH'b BbiAacrb Bain-b HOBoe yAocroB'kpeHie 

.aHHHOCTH». 

fl noiuejrb K'b PoinaHOBCKOMy. Oht^ oqeHb jiK)6e3H0 h BejiH- 
HecTBeHHO MeHH npHHHjrb. «FIo)KajiyHCTa caAHTecb, r-H"b jieHTe- 
HaHrb, ceflwacb Baivrb HanHinyrb yAOCTOB-fepeHie*. OH'b OTAaJib 
pacnopfl)KeHie, h H-fecKOJibKO MHHyrb mh cha^jih MOJina. IIotomT) 
OH'b HanajTb JinxopaAOHHO roBopHTb: «KaKie Mep3aBU,bi! ft jihhho 
OTAajfb pacnopameHie h Aajit cnHCKH naTpyjiHiwb . . . HaAO 6h;io 
y6HTb 50 HejiOB-BK-b, a ohh, Mep3aBitbi, HeroAHH, nouijiH rpa6HTb 
h y6njiH 6ojihwe 300 . . .». 

Hepesij H-fecKOJibKo MHHyT-b npHHec.iH yAOCTOB-fepeHie: Kpac- 
nan KHHiKeMKa, B-b kotopoh 6hjio HanHcaHo: KanHTaHt 2-ro paH- 

ra flKOBTa LLIpaiVmeHKO,, A"BHCTBHTejIbHHH HJieH'b UeHTpOCpJIOTa 

MepHaro Mopn. Kto-to «ohh» 6hjih BbiSopHbie wjieHM BHOBb 06- 
pa30BaHHaro ynpoKAeHia «UeHTpo(pJiOTa», a mh, mhhh LB-raSa, 

CTa^H «A"feHCTBHTejIbHbIMH 4JieHaMH». 

H npHHHjrb OnepaTHBHoe OTA'fc.JieHie. Ha ctbh-e SbiJia rpo- 
MaAHaa KapTa, Ha KOTopoft emeMacHo oTM-feMajiocb, ta^ h Kanin 
naniH cyAa HaxoAfiTCfl btj MOpt. Ha nojiKax-b jien<ajio 24 vb'bch- 

70 



cthxtd nariKH c"b A^aMH LU/raSa — bch HCTopifl bohhm 1914-1917 
ro.aoB'b. Moe ocoSoe BHHMaHie ocTaHOBHJiocb Ha AByx-b Tyro Ha- 
Ghthxtj nariKax-b — bch nepenHCKa co CTaBKofi, pHA"b Syiwarb, 
noAnHcaHHbix-b rocyAapein-b HMnepa-ropoM'b h BejiHKHM-b khh- 
3e\fb HHKOJiaeM'b HHKOJiaeBHMeM-b. 9th nanKH — TOMa IV h V 
GbijiH BHeceHM Bt peecTpt AOKyMeHTOBb. OnepaTHBHaro ota"b- 
.icHifl noA"b KpaTKHMTj 3arojioBKOM'b: «JX'k}io o Boc(pop - fe». 

BCKOpt H B3HJIT. 3TH ABa TOMa H OTBe3"b HX'b BT> ApXHBT> 

IIIra6a h npocHjrb HCKajie^ieHHaro h H3paHeHHaro 3aB"feAbiBaioma- 
ro apxHBaMH KanHTaHa 2-ro paHra 3anp$rraTb hxi. noAajibine. 

Ha AOJDKHOCTb HanajibHHKa OnepaTHBHaro oTAtjieHiH h BCTy- 
HHJi-b 24 (peBpajia. Otjihmho homhio H36paHHbiH npe3HAiyMi> 
UeHTpocpJiOTa, BHaqajit yivrfepeHHaro xapaKTepa: ripeACBAaTejib 
— MaTpoci. KHoppycb, 4,/ieHbi npe3HAiyiwa: MaTpocH Bo,/ikobt5, 

BoJIOIHHH'b H eHl,e OAHH'b, H3T> KOMMepneCKHX'b MOpHKOBTb, nO- 

moih,hhkt> cb oahoto H3"b napoxoAOB-b PyccKaro O-Ba. MaTpoc- 
CKaa cpopiwa Hxt 6buia TOJibKo AeKopanjeft: KHoppycb h Bojio- 

LilHH'b 6bI^H ^K)AH Cb 3aKOH4eHHbIM'b yHHBepCHTeTCKHMT> 06pa30- 

Bameivrb, BojiKOB-b Sbijiij nonpome, ho, bo bchkomtj cjiynafc, biio;i- 
hb HHTejMHreHTHbifl we^oB'BK'b. Ohh Bceirtjio 6umi Ha CTOpOHt 
ocpHu.epoB'b (pjioTa h OTHOcHjiHCb kt> aAMHpajiy Ca6jiHHy h Kan. 
1 p. HHmeHKOBy ct> HecKpbiBaeMbiivrb yBatfceHieivrb. 06i> 3thxt> 
AByxt aoctohhmxt. ocpHuepax'b, y t-bxtj kto hxt> 3Ha^T>, He Shjio 
AByx-b MHiiHiH — 3to 6buiH 6ojibiuie jiioah, npeKpacHbie ocpHu,e- 
pu, TBepAbie h My>KecTBeHHbie. 

H3-b ocra.flbHbix'b MHHOB-b IIlTa6a HepHOMopcnaro cpjiOTa $i 
3anoMHH;n> Aa^eKO He bcbxt>: crapmiH o(pHuep-b jiePn. TaBac- 
mepHa, cpjiarMaHCKift HHK.-Mex. Kan. 1 p. B. <t>. Beprb, Hana-Jib- 
HHK-b PacnopaAHTejibHaro OTA^eHiH jieflT. Kobchko, TjiaBHbiH 
ApTHjuiepHcrb Kan. 2 p. TopoAbiccKift, npHKOMaHAHpoBaHHbin kt> 
LllTa6y whhobhhkt. MnnncTepcTBa HHOCTpaHHbix-b A"fejnt>, AO boh- 

Hbl 3aHHMaBLUiH OTB-BTCTBeHHblft nOCTb npH HaUieM'b riOCOJIbCTB"B 

Bb TypuiH, a"bhct. CTaTCKift coB-BTHHK-b TyxojiKa. 3to Sbiji-b oneHb 
HHTepecHbiH qejioB-BK'b, y6-E>KAeHHbiH acTpojior-b, pa3AaBaBuiiHi 

BCBM-b MHHaM-b LLlTaSa CBOH 6pOUJK)pbI BbICOKOMl> 3HaqemH H 

AOCTHKeHinx-b acTpoflorin. >KeHa ero Sbijia raAajiKa. Ka>KAoe yT- 
po, B03Bpam,aHCb Ha KopaSjib, ohtj ji^naji-h oScTOHTejibHbift ao- 
K.naA'b Ka>KAOMy H3-b mojioahxi qHHOB-b LU/ra6a o HaiuHx-b maH- 
caxT> nepemHTb onacHbie ahh. CaSjiHHy h HnmeHKOBy ohtj He p-fe- 

71 



iuajiCH Aoca>KAaTb. Mbi npocHA'kviH Ha Kopa6jrE TpH ahh — «KaK'b 
MapKH3bi bt> nopbMt, oKHAan TpH6yHajia» — Kant BbipaiKa^CH 
TaBaciuepHa. Ha MeTBepTHH A^Hb Tyxo^na 3aLLiejrb ko mftb bi> 

OnepaTHBHyK) KaiOTy H C"b TaHHCTBeHHblM'b BHAOMTd cooSmHjrb, 

hto «cb ceroAHHiiiHHro ahh coHeTaHie op6HTbi Mapca ci> npa- 
mijmtj BocxojKAeHieM'b jiyHbi aaiwEwaTejibHoe — h, bhah Moe hc- 
AoyMtHie, npH6aBHJi'b: >KeHa Bnepa nepcoHajibHO raAa.'ia na 
bcbxtj HHHOB-b LLh"a6a. HHKOMy HHnero ne yrpomaerb h bcb uu 
ccroAHH MOiKeTe isxaTb aomoh». 

TyxojiKa xoTEJTb Hcne3HyTb H3-b onepaTHBHoft KaioTM, ho a 
cxBaTHjrb ero 3a pyKy, CTapaacb 3aAepvKaTb ero: «Hy, a btj weivrb 
xbjio? Cepbe3no!». Tyxo^Ka HaKJioHH./icH wh MoeMy yxy h npo- 
uienTaji-b: «repMaHCKaH apiwia 3<wnjia OAeccy h ABuraercfl bao.ii. 
no6epe^bH!». 

Cjiyx-b o nepexoA'b H-EMu.eB'b bi> HacrynjieHie Ha K)>KH0M-b 

CppOHTt H CTpaXl. nepeA"b HHMTb H'BCK0,/IbK0 0Tpe3BH.'IH 6yHT0- 
BaBIUiH MaCCbl MaTpOCOBl). Bee KaiCb-TO 3aTHXfl0 Wh )KHB0TH0Mb 

cTpax-fe: «H"EMu,bi HAyTb!», h HeAoroBopeHHoe: «6yAerb jKecTOKaH 
pacnjiaTa». 

OAHaiKAM yTpoM-b btj onepau,ioHHOH Kaiorfe 3a3B0HHjrb Tejie- 
tp0H"b. JToBopHJi'b KapayabHbift HaMajibUHKib cKjiaAa pywHbix-b rpa- 
narb taIs-to B-b paftoHt CeBacTonojibCKoft Kp-fenocTH: «Kapay.«Tb 
yuie^-b B-b ropoAia no cbohmtj jifejiawb, h ocTa^ca oahht^. H3T. 

OKpeCTHOCTefl npHgbblO H-feCKOJIbKO HaCTHblX-b nOABOATj, KOTOpblH 

narpywaiorb pynHbiMH rpaHaTaMH — roBopnrb ohh HeoSxoAH- 

Mbl HWb flJIH pblSHOH JI0BJIH. fl OAHHTj npOTHBOCTOHTb He MOry, 

npHiiiJiHTe noMOiub, wto6m npiocTaHOBHTb rpafiejK'b CKJiaAa». 
M Bbiuiejiij Hst onepaTHBHoft KaiOTbi h, 3anepeBTj ee Ha K^iom., 
nomeji'b no KoppHAopaM-b «reoprifl no6-BAOHocn,a», mn-an HaA- 
iihch, yKa3biBaiom.iH ota^jim LLh-aSa, Ha ABepHX"b KaioT-b. HaKO- 
116111. h HauiejiTD noAXOAHmyio HaAnHCb: «KoMHTerb o6uj,ecT- 
BeHHoft 6e3onacHOCTH». Taivn^ h Hauieji-b AByx-b HjieHOB'b UeHTpo- 
cpjiOTa, odcyiKAaBLUHx-b Kanie-To Bonpocbi c-b JieflT. Kobchko. 
TyT-b ate okojio CTOJia, croMa sjioB-femaH cpnrypa npeACBAaTC/is 
npe3BbmaHH0H KOMHeciH no 6opb6T) cb KOHTpt-peBOJHOuieft Ma- 
Tpoca BacoBa. Bhatj y Hero 6uji-b BOHHCTBeHHbiH: kt> KO*aHOMy 
nosey 6bi^a npwcTerHyTa Ko6ypa Cb peBOJibBepoM"b Ko.ibTa, B-b 
ji'bboh pyK-fe nopT^ejib, Tyro Ha6HTbin k3khmh-to AOKyiweHTaMH, 
a Ha JiaAOH-B npaBoft pyKH ohtj AepKajit H'fecKO./ibKO peBOJibBep- 
hhxtj naTpoHOBTj, noTpHXHBaa hxt?. 

72 



# nepeAajrb KoMHTeTy o6iuecrBeHHOH 6e3onacHorrH o rpa 
SoK'fe cxaaAa, h ohh oS'fema.JiH mh-b npHHHTb M-fepu npoTHETb aHap- 
xHwecKaro pacracKHBaHia py-iHbix-b rpaHarb. 

Ko mh-b iioAomeji-b BacoB'b h cKa3ajrb: «Mh-e miAO cb BaMH, 
r-H"b JieHTeHaHT-b, noroBopnTb». «nofiAeMTe B"b onepaiiioHHyio 
Kaiory, — npeA.io^KHa-b a, — Taiwb yAo6H-be». Bonaa bt> KaiOTy 
si riaiiep-b ABepb Ha kjikwi H3nyTpH. 

BacoB'b nopbiJica y ce6a B"b nopTCpeji-fe h ni>my,rb KaKyio-TO 
MVMarv. naneMaTaHnyio na MaiUHHK'b. «BoT"b, iiocmotphto 3to», 

CKa3a^Tj OH"b. 

9to 6ujio noKa3aHie crapmaro apTHJuiepHcra h KOMatiAHpa 
1-h poTbi Kpeflcepa «OaMHTb MepKypia» JieflTeHaHTa UIpaMMeHKO 
na 3acbAaHiH BoeHHO-OKpy>KHoro cyAa bt> 1912 roAy, cyAHB- 
maro MaTpocoB'b Kpeflcepa «riaMHTb MepKypia» 3a croBopb o 
6yHTt h pacnpeAtjieHie o6a3aHHOcreH — KOMy h3t> MaTpocoB'b 
naAjie^HTTs y6HTb KaKOio ocpHuepa. ft HeBOJibHo nepenecca mi>i- 
cvihmh ko BpeiweHH MOHX'b noKa3amH. 
fl: J\a, aTO moh nonasaHia Ha cyA'b bi> 1912 r. 
BacoB'b: 06paTHTe BHHMaHie Ha (paMHJiiH, noA^epKHyTbia 3ejie- 

HbiM'b KapaHAaiueiwb. 3th Jinua Shjih kcctoko naKa- 

3aHH. 

>l: >1 Obl.Tb HCnpaBHHH pOTHblft KOMaHAHp-b, 3HaBHliH KaKT> CBOH 

naTb na^bueB-b MaTpcooB-b CBoeft poTbi h AaisaBuiifi 
cboh noKa3aHia no cob-ecth h npHcarfe. 

BacoB'b: Ho bh hh o komtj H3"b hhxi. He OT03BajiHCb xopouio? 

H: Bbi 0HiH6aeTecb, nocMOTpHTe B-b kohh-b Moero noKa3aHia. 

BacoBb: (MH-rae-r-b KOHeu-b Moerb noKa3aHia). «npouiy cyA'b 
CA"BJiaTb B03MO)KHoe CMarweme yqacrn crapuieMy re- 
^erpacpHOMy yHTep-b-ocpnuepy Moefl poTbi ,Uo6)KaHCKo- 
iviy». Kanoe iKe sto Smjio CHHcxoiKAeHie? 

#: Ero nepeBejiH h3T3 1-fl rpynnu ocy)KAeHHbix'b B-b nocji-BAnioio 
— ccujiKy B-b KacniflcKoe Mope. 

BacoB'b: OTKyAa bu sto 3HaeTe? 

M: y MeHa ecTb SjiaroAapcrBCHHoe nncbMO orb ,H,o6p>KaHCKaro, 
Ohtj bi> OAeccfe npHHie^-b ko mh-b Ha MHHOHOceu,-b h ne- 
peAajiT. 3to nncbMO. Oho co mhoio. 

BacoB'b: ^aft-re mh-b ero. fl npioSmy ero K-b BameMy A'fejiy. 3aB- 
Tpa B-b 10 HacoBij Bbi aBHTecb Ha cyA'b bt> MopcKoe 
Co6paHie. He AyMaio, mto6h Bacb o>KHAa./io 6ojibUioe 

HaKa3aHie, HO CJiyJKHTb BTj peBOJHOUiOHHOM'b CpJIOrE Bbi, 

KOIieMHO, He aojijkhu. 

73 



H OTnep'b Kaiory h BbinyCTHJi-b BacoBa. MHHyrb iiHTb h npo- 

CHA'BJI'b HeilOABH>KHO , o6xBaTHB-b rOJIOBy pyiOMH . flOTOMl 

BCTaJii. h CKa3aji"b rpoMKo: «KpyTO, HaAO yTeKaTb!». IIotomtj 
noiueji-b btj TejiecponHVK) 6yAKy h coo6mHjrb >KeH r B, mto yxomy 
H3"b CeBacTono^H h mto6h ohh He BOJiHOBajiacb. OHa Ha^a.ia 

HTO-TO HCTepHHHO KpHMaTb! «TbI XOMeiilb MeHH 6pOCHTb OAHy BT> 

TaKoe BpeMH!» H noB-fecHji-b Tpy6Ky. no TejiecpoHy h y3Ha.Tb, ko- 
YA'd HAyT-b yTpeHHie nots3Aa Ha JX-muhkoh, noTOM'b nomeji'b no- 
npoiuaTbCfl cb Kan. 1 p. HHuieHKOBbiM-b. Ohtj npocH;rb nepeAan. 
kjiiomtj orb onepaTHBHofl KaiOTbi JieHTeHaHTy Kobchko h cep- 
Acmho pacnpomajicH co mhok). H nepeoA'fejiCH B-b uiTaTCKifi ko- 

CTIOMIj M BblCOKie CanOrH. BOTHHKH H CIWBHy 6-fejIbH H B3H.Tb Bl> 

MajieHbKyio Kop3HHOHKy h cb-fexaji-b Ha 6epenb cb MaTpocaMH na 
xa-rep-fe, KOTopbift eABa He qepnajrb boa}' SopTaMH. Hohb h npo- 
BC/i-b Ha KBapTHpt HH>K.-Mex. JiefiT. fl. A. PoMaHMyKa. Bcw homi> 
mm nporoBopH^n cb HHWb o tomtj, wto npoH30iiJJio Bt apecr- 

HOM-b AOMt, KaiCb 3BtpCKH y6HJIH 6 MeJIOBtK-b apecroBaHHbix-b 

ocpHuepoB-b Tyrb me, B-b KoppHAopt. Retier-h y MeHH He 6buio. 

MeJKAy 6jIH)KaHlilHMH APy3bHMH MHt Co6paJIH OKOJIO 1000 py6- 

jich KepeHKaMH. Ob muhohoclui «3aBtTHbifl» npHHecjiH mh-b yAO- 
CTOB-fepeHie: «MaTpocb 1-h craTbH ElaBejrb Co.KOJioB'b», cb nena- 

TbK) H nOAnHCbK) KOMHCCapa MHHOHOCUa. KOHTOpiUHK-b CeBacTO- 

nojibCKaro nopTa oTAajrb mh-e cBoe yAOCTOB-Bpeme: «KoHTop- 
iUHK-b CeBacTonojibCKaro nopTa TpHropift flpooiaBueB-b, 25 
.TBT-b». yTpoM-b, B-b 5 qac. yTpa, h Bbiuieji-b H3-b aomv Ha EKaTe- 
pHHeHCKoft yjiHut. Okojio AOMa BypxaHOBCKHXTj xjxajia MeHH 
Moa aceHa. OHa -rpora-rejibHo npHWHMajia pyKH K"b rpyAH h npo- 
CHJia: «Bo3bMH MeHH cb co6ofi! fl nponaAy 6e3T> Te6a! . .» 

«He 6ohch, h BepHycb. y Te6n ecTb HeMHoro AeHenb. Ecjm 
Kx-b He xBa-rarb, cnpocH B"b HHTeHAaHTCKOiwb OTA"B^eHiH Lil-ra6a, 
Te6ti AaAyTT> aBaHCi Bt oierb Moero majioBamH . . .». Mi>i no- 
npomajiHCb . . . 

Ha BOKsaji-fe h AOJiro ctohjitj B-b onepeAH. BnepeAH MeHH 
CTOHjrb noBapi> cb KaH. jioakh «ypajieu.-b», ct> KOTopbiM-b h njia- 
uaji-h B-b 1910 roAy. On-b 6bui-b 6biBiuiH JieftS'b-rycap'b h nocjrk 
MHornx-b atTTb cjiy»c6bi 6bui-b noBapoM-b y BejiHKaro KHH3H Hh- 
KOJiaa KoHCTaHTHHOBHHa B-b TypnecTaHt. ${ He xoT-BMrb, mto6h 
oH-b y3Haji"b MeHH. Oht> opaTopcTBOBaB^-b OKpymaioLUHM-b ero 

JlIOAHM-b, HTO y HerO CblH-b MaTpOCb KOMHCCap-b MOpCKOH aBi- 

auJH h n^ieji-b KaKyio-xo peBO^rouioHHyK) epyHAy. HaKOHeu-b, 6h- 
74 



iitTb KyiiJieHij, h a 3;i6njicn bi> Baroirb, Tyro Ha(5HTbiH KaKHMH-TO 
cc/iAaTaMH. noteATi ctohjitj . . . KaKoft-TO naTpy.7ib npoB-EpajTb 
VAOCTOB'kpeHia. HaKcmeu-b OH-b AOinejrb ao Haluero BaroHa. 
KpaHHie noKa3ajin Katria-TO 6\'Ma>KKH, ho pa3AaJincb kphkh: 
*TyT-b bcc cboh!». «H-brb jih ocpHuepoB-b?* - Kairie Te6"fe otpH- 
nepbi — caMofl ae3epTHp-b!». 

rio'B3A'b THHy.iCH AOJiro h MeA^eHHo. To^bKO nacawb KT> 6-TH 
iioaoiujih mh ktj JIkrhkok). H b3hjt> Gi-uierb ao AKT>-Maiiaa. rA'l". 

IKlWa.ibHHKOM'b CT3HUiH 6bI„Tb AHAH KOHTOpiUHKa FpHTOpia flpO- 

cviaBiieBa. Flo ero coBtyry a Ao.iJKenij 6burb oTpeKOMenAOBaTbcn 
KaKT> ero abok>poahijh 6parb, cryACHrb HoBopoccincKaro vhh- 
BepcHTeTa ■ stoto njieMannHKa jmAn HHKorAa He BHAlvrb. 

rio3Ano HOMbHj a nocTVMajica Ha KBapTHpy HaMa-ibHHKa 
craffUiH. Ohtj B3rjiaHy./i"b na MeHa yAHBjienno h neAOB-BpMHBO, no 
iicpeAajri) cBoefi >i<en'h h AO'iepn co cvioBaMH HaKOpMHTfa h na- 

IIOHTb. 

Mh-b Aa.in CTaKaH-b naio n xji-fe6a ct MacjioM-b. "BcTb mh-b nc 

XOTB.7IOCb, H H BajIHACa CTfa HOI"b OTT> yCTaJIOCTH. Blj MajICHbKOH 

iocthhoh, cpeAH c{)hk'vcobt3, cpHjiaHAP"b h repaHeft mh-b nocra- 
bhjih HMnpoBH3HpoBaHH\TO HOCTejib, h a cenMacb ace 3aBajiHJica 
cnaTb. MacoBij B-b 8 yi-pa a npocny;ica, qyBCTBya, hto xopoiuo 
Bbicnajica h oTAOxHyji-b. 51 BbiMbijica Ha ABop-fe H3i> pyKOMOHHHKa 
n npnuje.Ji'b B"b ctojiobvio. MaTb, npocraa, o6xoAHTejibnaa, men- 
mHHa, h AOWKa, A"BBOHKa ji-ferb 15-16, HanepepbiB-b yroinajiH mc- 
Ha. «KymaHTe. KyuiaHTe nomajiyflcTa, y Hacb CBoa KopoBa h 

KVpOHKH . . .». Ko(j3e CO CJIHBKaiMH, TBOpOnb CO CMCTaHOH, CB-fi- 

Hcifi xji-b6t>, KaKie-TO nnporH . . . fl npocTO Ha6pocHJica Ha -BAy 
H yn.ieTajrb 3a 06% meKH. riOTOM-b norjiaA'feji'b Ha HHx-b h nyTb 
lie nonepxnyjica. B-b newb a^to? He noHHMaio! 06-e moh xo- 
3HHKH CHAtjiH h njiaKajiH, OTBopaMHBaacb n CTapaacb CKpbiTb 
orb MeHa cboh cjie3H. Ha moh Bonpocb: «Bi> newb A"feJio?» — 
OHt otb-ethjih: «Mbi He cnajin bck) HOMb. Bh Taicb xpHHajiH, 
mto Mywb nomejrb cnpocHTb B-b qeM-b a-bjio, ho BepHyjica n CKa- 
aajiij, hto Bbi KpftnKO cnHTe. Ho Haiwb cnaTb He npnuuiocb; 

OTIHUIKOM'b CTpaUJHO npOCbinaTbCa OTb TaKHXt KpHKOBT) H CTO- 
HOB"b. MoJKeT-b 6bITb Bbi 60JlbHbI?». 

OAHaKO AOJiro OTAbixaTb mh-b He npHuijiocb. Kt^ Hana^bHHKy 
CTaHiiin npHui^a Aejierauia KaKHXT>-TO CTp-BJiownHKOB-b h eu;e 
KaKHX"b-TO c^yiKainHx-b, npeAJio>KHBLuaa eiwy y6paTb MeHa, TaK'b 

Kak'b HlWb HSBtCTHO, HTO >' Hero JKHBeT'b KOHTp , b-peBOJIK)i;iOHep'b. 

75 



«.Jlymiie scero BaM'b ybxaxb B-b Kepwb. Mepest Macb 6yAerb 
npoxoAHTb aiuejioHTa KpacnoapMefiueB'b, 6'brymHX'b orb h-bm- 
neB"b H3T3-noA"b XepcoHa. 

# oriHTb nonajrb bt> Barons ch Ae3ep™paMH . . . Baroirb 

OI.IJIT. HaSHTb COJIAaTaMH, KaKOH-TO APyJKHOH OAeCCKOH mnaHoii. 
OHH IiepeKJIHKajIHCb MOKAy C06oft Ha KaKOMT>-TO BOpOBCKOM-b 

iKaproH-fe, h Tan-b CKJiaAHO, B-b pH<\my, ct> npH6ayTKaMH. fl ch- 

A'B^I'b Bl. yrOJIICE Ha CBOefl KOP3HHOWKB MOKAy HeTbipbMH MOflO- 

;u>imh 6aji6eca\iH h, hto6bi H36"E)KaTb BonpocoB'b, yroma^T. 
hxt> nariHpocaMH h 3acTaB;iHjrb pa3CKa3HBaTb o BoenHux'b a"Eh- 
CTBiaxTs H noxoA^x-b. Ohh BoeHHbix-b a^hctbIh He bha^jih, ho 
3aTo, npoteAOM-b B-b AjieKcaHApoBCK-fe, yqacTBOBajiH B-b norpo- 
m"b KynuoB-b h 6yp>KyeB"b, h pa3CKa3biBajiH mhb, nam? ohh bh- 
KHAWBajiH 6yp>KyflcKHX-b AtTeft cb TpeTbaro aTama. fl He 3Hajrb. 
jrhpHTb win He B-fepHTb mohmtj co6ectAHHKaM-b, ho, cyAH no 
rnycHbiM-b poKaiWb, ohh Smjih Ha Bee cnoco6Hbi. fl npoAOJi- 
auurb noA^OAPHTb nx-b, yromarb nannpocaMH h pacnpaniHBaTb 
o Apyrnx-b npecTynHbix-b A^HCTBiax-b. TaKT>, HeaaMBTHO, Mbi ao- 
-fexaJiH ao KepqH. 

Jluji-b npojiHBHOH AOJKAb. y BbixoAHbix-b ABepeii naTpy;n> 
M3B niec™ MaTpocoBi> npoBBpHjrb AOKyiweHTbi. JXouiJia owepeAb 
h ao MeHH. OmynaB"b cboh «6poH30Bbie» AOKyMeHTM, h ct> hb- 
KOTopoH HeyB-speHHOCTbio Bbmyjrb H3"b KapMaHa yAOCTOBtpeHie 
— «MaTpocb CTenaH'b Cokojiobij* — CKa3ajrb h yBBpeHHO. Mh'b 

B03BpaTHJIH AOKyMeHTT> H 6bWb CB060AeHB. 

KepueHCKiH BOK3a,/iB HaxoAHJica bt> AByxB BepcTaxB orb ro- 
poAa. y BOK3a;ia AeacypHjiH jiHHeHKH, n^iara cb nejioB-EKa 1 
pyOVib. Ha jiHHeflK-B noMBmajiocb 6 qejioBBK"b. "Bxajm KOMnamH- 
mh, croBopHBuiHCb. Bcb JiHHeHKH 6bijiH pa3o6paHbi, ocraBajiacb 
oAHa, 3aHHTaH naTpyjieMB. npHrjiacHjiH mchh, h h CHA'bJi'b MeacAy 
hhmh Kaicb apecTOBaHHbifl. JXoxLRh noMBmajiB KaKHM"b-flH6o pac- 
npocaM'b. He AOB3>KaH ao ropoAa 6bijia KanaH-TO CTopo>KKa. 
naipyjib pacnpomajicH co mhoio, h h ocrajicH oahhb. «KyAa 
■ExaTb?» cnpocHJTb B03HHu,a. «Bb rocTHHHuy». «Bi> KaKyio?» — 
«Bb caMyio jiymiiyK)!». H3B03hhkt3 npHBe3T> mchh bb A"Bhctbh- 

TCJIbHO XOpOUiyiO rOCTHHHHUy, HO TaMfb BCe SblJIO 3aHHTO. H 

ckji~b onaTb Ha cbokj Kop3HHKy h crani, AOJKHAaTbCH yTpa. Ph- 

AOWh CO MHOIO CHA'BJI'b KaKOH-TO COJIHAHblfl MyiKWHHa, TOJKe He 

HMtBiuiH npHCTaHHma. Mm pa3roBopHjiHCb. «noAO>KAeM'b yTpa, 
a Taiwb noftAeM'b K"b 6paTy, oht> CMOTpHTe^b 6oraA'fcjibHH. y 
nero .t-bcho, ho oirb i iTO-HH6yAb nocoB'BTyeT'b. A caMt n — 

76 



OTpCKOMeH/XOBa.TCH MOH CnyTHHK"b 6bIBUliH MaillHHHCTb cyxo- 

ro AOKa ;mh jipejiHoyroB-b B-b CeBacronoxb, a nocji-E,zmee BpeMH 
npeACBAaTCJib TeHHqecKaro roponcKoro coB-tra. 51 y6"fc>K,fl.eH- 

IiMH KOMMyHHCT-b. HHKaKHX"b 3JIOA'BHCTB , b H HHKOrfla He Jl'hjiajl'h 

h He Aonymy, ho cwHTaio KOMMyHHCTHMecKoe yneHie HAeajib- 
Kfcll4T>>. KaKoft-TO HHTyHuieft h noHHjrb, hto cb TaKHM-b nejio- 
b-bkomtj Henero XHTpHTb h jiynuie 6biTb OTKpoBeHHMM-b. «H He 

KOMMyHHCTb, CKa3ajIt H, H OlpHUep-b, MOpHK-b H 6-Bry OT"b 

My^HTejieft h roHHTejieft ocpHuepcTBa. KoMMyHHCToiwb a hhko- 
ma He 6y^y, ho ecjiH Bm HHnero He HM-feeTe npoTHB-b, h cb yjio- 
BOjibCTBieM'b noce./iK)Cb ct> BaMH i\zr%-HH6y,a.b B-b KepqH h mm 6y- 
jeiwb HM-bTb cjiyqaft noroBopHTb». 

B"b 3T0T"b MOMCHTb Kl> nOA'b'B3^y nOAOUIJIH KaKie-TO aBTO- 

mo6hjih h iuyMHan BaTara KaKHX^-To, bhahmo BJiinTejibHbix'b, 
aHU"b BBajiHjiacb B-b rocTHHHHuy. «CaMbift ryiaBHbw peBOjnouioH- 

Hblft KOMHTerb» CKaSajTb C*b KaKHIWb-TO nO'-ITeHieM'b UIBeft- 

uap-b. PeBOJiionioHHbiH KOMHTerb CTaji-b noAWMaTbca no ji-ect- 
hhite. Bc^'fea'b 3a HHiwb H3T> napa,HHOH ABepH BjierbjiTb KpacHO- 
apMeem> B-b pacrerHyToft iuhhcjih h cb 3ajiHXBaTCKH c/iBHHyTOH 
na6oR"b h Ha3a,zrb tiyuiotk^. OH-b ocTaHOBHjica nepe^-b HaMH, no- 
rxHjl'kji'b Ha MeHH btj ynop"b h Bjipyrb 3aopajiT3 bo Bee ropjio: 
«Koro a BH>Ky! jieftTeHaHrb LUpaM4eHKo!» H BCTajrb co cboch 
Kop3HHOMKH h no.aoi.ne.Tb KT> KpacHoapMeftuy BnjiOTHvio. «ripe- 
'Mjie Bcero. He KpHMHTe. 51 3jrkcb MaTpocb CTenaH-b Cokojiobl, 
a Bacb n To>Ke xopomo 3Haio. Bh — CTyaeHT'b TpcrbHro Kypca 
Topnaro HHCTHTyTa CTenaHOB'b, 6parb Bo6kh CTenaHOBa». «A 
bh 3aM'BM'b CK)#a no>KaJioBajiH?» -- cnpocH„Tb CTenaHOB'b. «H, 
B-fepoHTHo, cKopo Bepnycb b^ CeBacTonojib, rA"B y MeHH ocTa- 
Jiacb >KeHa. Ho ec,™ A-Bvia Sy^yrb n^oxn, h xomv npo6HpaTbCH 
na JIoht. H EKaTepHHOflap"b, itte, no cjiyxaM'b, o6pa3yroTca ;io- 
6poBOJibMecKie otpham. Toraa h o6pauiycb kt> BaM'b 3a npo- 

nyCKHbIM"b CBH,0.'ETejIbCTBOM'b». 

«Xopouio, h BaM'b noMory», — CKasaji'b CTenaHOB'b h 6h- 

CTpO no6'feyKa.7I'b BCJl'kjX'b 3a peBO./IIOLUOHHMM'b KOMHTCTOMb. 

Bltf-BCTE Cb MaUIHHHCTOM'b-KOMMyHHCTOM'b H3T> TeHHWeCKa, 

mm Hainan ceG-fe xopomyK) KOMHaTy y Kynua-cojienpOMMiiijieH- 
HHKa 3oJioTapeBa. Ohtd Smjitj oneHb cHMnaTHHHbift cTapHK"b, >Ke- 
Ha ero 6bijia MH^aH h y hhxi. 6bMO tph oweHb cjiaBHMH ^,-bbomkh 
.tbttj 8-12. 51 c-b yAOBOJibCTBieMt 3aHHMajicH rpaMMaTHKoft cb pe- 

6HT8MH H SeCBAOBajI'b Cb \'MHbIMH CTapHKaMH, coKpymancb o 

6'BAax'b. nocTHnuHx-b pyccKifl HapoA"b. Mo^eT-b 6biTb, ohh h ro- 

77 



ra/iuBajiHCb, hto h ocpHU.ep'b, ho hhrothhto CBoe 51 hc OTKpbi- 
Bajrb h 6i>ijn> H3B , bcTeH'b Kax-b CTenaHt BjiaAHMipoBHw-b Coko- 

,110B1>. CrBCHHHCb BT> CpeACTBaXT), H nHTajICH XJltSoMTj H HHIiaMH. 

Orb yromeHin xosneB-b h 0TKa3biBajiCH, He 3naa wtiviT. wx~b ot- 
Ciaro^apHTb. H3p"B^Ka h xcaHjrb bt> apHCTOKpaTHHecKyio cto- 
.iobkv, rA"b o6t^ajia npHSbiBinaa h3Tj neTporpa,a,a 3HaTb. Taiwb 
6bijia H3bicKaHHaH h o6HJibHaH nnma -- KawAbiH AeHb Ha mchk> 
6wjih: oceTpoBan yxa, a no BOCKpeceHiaM'b h nopoceHoicb ei> 
Kameft. U,tHi.i 6wjih, kohcmho, He AOBoeHHbia, ho AOcrynHbiH. 

HapHaHblH, H3HIHHbIH SapblUIHH-nOjaBajIblUHUH JiaCKOBO TOBO- 

Ph.ih Moeiwy cocksy, nyuiHCTOiwy CTapHMKy: «BaMT>, Bauie Bbi- 

COKOnpeBOCXOAHTeJIbCTBO, MH OCTaBHJIH CTepjIH>KbeH yxH H 110- 

pocenoMKa . . .». Tnie-mo n nbiTajicn noJiyMHTb gxy anneTHTHyio 
yxy h xoth 6bi 69cp-b-CTporanoBi,. ho HHMero KpoM-fe Henpo>Ka- 
peHHbixTj KOTJierb h cyna-BepMHinejib btj stoh CTOJiOBoii ji no;iy- 

'IHTb He MOrb. KaKHIWb-TO nyaoMt rOCTH y3Ha«'IH, MTO h Maxpocb 

CoKoioB'b, h 6apbmiHH-noAaBajibuj.HUbi cypoBO Ha mchh noivm- 
,iuhh.;ih. Bt>po«THo ,na>Ke mcth^h «KpacB h ropaocTH pcBcviio- 
uiH» 3a rnycubiH npecTynjienin ripoTHBb Haineii bcahkoh po- 

.'Ulllbl. 

Bt^ CTpacTHOH HCTBeprTj a pano vtpomt. Bbinavrb Ha jfamuy 
KyriHTb CB-hwaro xji-fc6a Kt naio. Ha nepeKpecTK-fe ynuu.'b ctohji'l. 
iihMeuKi.H pa3T 3 , B3A'b H3T> Tpexi. KaBa^epHCTOBij. Grapuiift, IIO- 

BHflHMOMy VHTCpij-OCpHUepTj, pa3CMaTpHBajTb B-b 6HHOKJIb flaJIH 

yjiHirb, npoB'hpHH KapTy — njian-b ropoAa. Mepest jBa waca bt> 
ropoA"b HanajiH BXOAHTb repiwancKia BoflcKa — rrfexoTa h apTHJi- 
nepifl. IlopHAOK'b, ojeiKaa, 6bijiH Kaicb Ha napa^i?. Kt> no.;i,im<> 
ropo/rb Sbijrb 3anHrb H-fciweuKHMH qacTHMH. 11a nepeKpecTKaxb 
y.iHU'b ctohjih nyjieivieTHbie nocTbi h mhhomctm, OKpyyKeHHbie 
Kojuowefi npoBOJiOKoft. Topoai. KaK"b-6y^To BbiMep-b. Hhkto hc 

IipHB-feTCTBOBa.Tb H'BMU.eB'b, XOTH, KOHeHHO, >KHTeJIH nOqyBCTBO- 

na,/iH oSjierneme. B-b uepKBax-b sbohhjih K'b 6orocjiy>KeHiK) Cipa- 
CTeft TocnoiXHHX'b. KaKT> o6hmho, B-b cv66ot_v nosAHO BeMepoM"b 
naMa./iacb 3ayTpeHH. H noiuejiTD bi. uepKOBb BiwfecT'fe ct. ceMbeii 
SojioTapeBbix-b. PaAocTHoe nacxajibHoe 6oroc,7iy)KeHie He ^aBa^o 
o6biMHaro HacTpoeHia hh JKHTejiaM-b KepwH, cyan no MpanHbiMt. 

JlHU'AWh MOJIHIIJ.HXCH, HH MHt. 

IlepBaa H'feivieuKafl OKKynania (1918 r.) ne 6ujia ocoSchho 

miKeJlOH P,Jin pyCCKOH 3eMJIH . . . EcIH pek'BH3HpOBajIH, TO TO.Ib- 
KO npOAyKTbl H X^TjSTj, VB03H nOteiiaMH npOAOBOJIbCTBie B"b 

H3ro.ioAaBuiiHCH cpaTepjiaaa.'b, ho rpa6e>K'b no KBapTHpaMT> CTa- 

78 



paunch ne AonycKaTb. Ha BTopon AeHb FlacxH no yjinnaivrb Kcpnn 
6biJio pacKJieeHo o6-bHBjieHie KepneHCKoft repiwaHCKOH KOMeHAa- 
Typu: 

«CoJi^aTbi 6-ro BaBapcKaro rrbx. nojiKa X h V boujjih bt> 
ctopokkv 6-B^Haro >Keji-E3HOAopo>KHaro oiywamaro h b3h„ih ci> 
npa3^HHHHaro crojia AecHTOK-b KpaineHbix-b hhui. h cjiaAKifi 

XJI'feS'b, nOJIOKHJIH B"b CBOH KaCKH H BblLUJIH H3T3 CTOpOJKKH. Y 

uxoAa hxt> BCTp'BTHji'b (pe,ibA(f>e6e,Jib toto )Ke BaBapcKaro nojiKa 
h OTBe.Tb HX"b B"b KOiweHAaTypy. IlojieBOH cyA"b npnroBopHji-b 
rpa6HTejieft K"b pa3CTp-E,7iy. B-b 8 Mac. Benepa Toro >Ke ahh npH- 
roBop"b npHBeAeHTi B-b HcnojiHeHie. KoMeHAaHTb, nojiKOBHHK-b H.». 

no-B3Aa Bee He uijih. nepBbifl no-Bain- AOJiweH-b 6bi„Tb otoh- 
th bo BTopHHK-b VTpoM-b. BHJieTbi npoAaBajin Ha CTaHniH. B"b 
CBt'r.ii.iH npa3AHHK-b h neojKHflaHHO nojiynnji-b npHrjianieHie 
orb KepneHCKHx-b pwSaKOBt nocBTHTb nx-b cKpoMHyio Tpane3y 

H nOUiejTb BM'BCT'B Cb MaiHHHHCTOM'b. Pbl6aKH CKa3aJIH, HTO 3Ha- 
KTTb, 4TO H MOpCKOH OCpHHep-b, H BlWBCrfe Cb iKenaMH yCTpOH^H 

ooraToe yromeHie — 6bijn> h 6ajiMKi>, h mhckh MapnHOBaHHofi 
occTpuHbi, h ^y/iHbiH KepqeHCKiH cejibAH. CnHpraoe — rpenec- 

Kifl KOHbHKt MeTaKCa. TaKTj. Bl> CHTOM-b H nOJiynbHHOM'b bha-b. 
BO BTOpHHKTa yTpOMTb H CBJTb BT> notSATj, COCTOHBluifi H3"b TO- 

BapHbix-b BaroHOBij. CojiAaT-b h Ma-rpocoB-b, pasyM-feeTCH, hc 6i,i- 
,:o, nacca>KHpbi 6w«th, rjiaBHUMi o6pa30M"b, HHTejuiHreHTHbni 
.iHna h KaKie-To mvkhkh h 6a6w. Ko BpeivieHH crxoAa no-b3Aa no- 
M+>ineHie 6ycpeTa BOK3ajia 6bijio sanojraeHO My>KHKaMH h 6a6aMH 

Cb A'BTbMH, M'felllKaMH H KOTOMKaMH. KpHK"b, IIiyMt, Ha ABepb 

iiaBa.iHJiHCb TaKTj, hto ee nejibSH 6ujio OTKpbiTb, hhkto He xo- 
T'fe.Tb ycTynaTb CBoeft onepeAH. 5\ npHroTOBHJicn Tepn-EJiHBO h, 
u-fepojiTHo, oneHb Ao;iro >KAaTb, KorAa Bt 3ajrb Boiuejrb h-bmch- 

Kift VHTep'b-OCJlHnep'b CO CTSKOMTj B"b pVK-B. B"b OAH}' MHHVTV 
OHT> B03CTaHOBH,7Tb nOpHaOKTa H OMHCTHJTb npOXOA"b WepeSTj BeCb 

aajrb, niara tph hihphhh, ao caMMx^ ABepeft. BeAymnx-b na 

n.iaT(f)OpMy. .H'EHCTBOBaJTb H-BMeUTD CBOHM-b CTSKOM-b OMeHb 

npocTo: OH-b xjiecTaji-b HanpaBO h Haji-feBO. He pa36npaH hh nojia, 
hh B03pacTa, hh n^em*, hh ro.noB'b CTOJinnBiiiHxca JHOAeft. Ilo- 

PHAOKIj 6hlJTb B03CTaHOB.HeH-b, H HapOATs CTajfb THXO H MHHHO 

BbixoAHTb Ha njiaTCpopiwy. 

Moh S-BAnan >KeHa yKacHO oGpaAOBajiacb, yBHA-BB-b mchh: 
«fl y>Ke Soajiacb, mto th HHKorAa He BepHembCH», — roBopn^a 
OHa. B-b KaSHHeT-fe y MeHH >KH^Tb H-BMenKift ^efiTeHaHT-b, B-b Kyx- 

79 



nt, cro nciibinHK-b. FTpHcjiyra JlK>6a h ch jneHHXb 6wjih apecro 
Ham.i H-feMuaMH h noca>KeHH Bb Tiopbiny no o6bhh£h\k) Bb mo- 
eiwb y6iHCTB"B. H-bmum AbyiajiH o6wcKb opyariH y mchh Bb KBap- 
•rapt h B3ajiH Bee Moe 6-bjibe, canorn, cpOTorpacpHHecKift anna- 
parb h 700 py6jieft KepeHKaMH. Mon xeua xcajmia vKa.ioBaTbcsi 
B'b KOMeH^aTypy Ha orpa6./ieHie. KoiweHflaHrb BbicrpoHJib poTy, 
npoH3BO,HHBiLiyK> o6bicK'b, B'b ojwy uiepeHry; moh iKeHa AOJiro 
na3rjiHAHEajia jiHua h noTOMTj CKa3ajia: «He Mory npH3HaTb hh- 
Koro, bcb Ha oaho jihuo». Ha cji'sayroiuee yTpo HbMeuKift cpejibn- 
cpeSejib npHHecb (pOTorpa4>HHecKiH annaparb. 

BcKop-fe no B03BpaineHin Bb CeBaeronojib h noinejn, in, 

ApXHBb V3HaTb, r^'E «JX^JlO O B0C(f)0p'k». KoHflyKTOpb BblKOB-b. 

noMomHHK'b HanajibHHKa ApxHBa, pa3CKa3a,nb MHb o tomtj, mto 
cjiywHJiocb bo Bpeiwa Moero OTcyTCTBin. «Bt> apxHBb, HarpHHy.iH 

6aHflHTbI B'b MaCKaX"b. H pa3CKa3HBajITb BblKOBb, CUpHTaJI- 

ch noAt AHBaub h cjibimajib, KaKb ohh mymijm 6b\aHaro apxH- 
Bapiyca. Ohh Tpe6oBa;iH orb Hero 30JiOTa, ho TaKOBoro B'b ap- 
xhb-b He 6mjio, h ohh 3aMym«iH ero Ha-ciwepTb. 5\ ocra^CH 3a 
HaHajibHHKa apxHBa. Koraa npnuuiH h-bmuh, H3b BepjiHua npib- 
xajib H-BKift npocpeccopb IIlMHTb, h TpedoBajrb, mto6ij h yka- 
sajrb, r^-fe nanKa cb jrkjiaMH o Boccpopb\ Ho h HHnero He 3Hajib. 
Ohh nepepujiH Becb apxHBb h HaujJiH HXb.' «fl Hamejib to, 3a 
'ihiMb npi-fexajib h cerozmH >Ke yfeswaio ,homoh», — CKa3a;ib \nit, 

IlpOCpeCCOpb ILTMHTb, nOCOB'ETOBaB'b, MT06l>I 51 0Ka3I,IBaJIb co- 

.rhficTBie h-bmcukoh KOMHCcin, KOTopan Cynerb pa36HpaTb a'H.t a 
apxHBa. 

BbpoHTHo, «/X r fejio o Boc(|)oph» h no cbo nopy liaxo/wrcH 
hi, apxHBaxb MopcKoro MHHHCTepcTBa FepManin, ec/in tojii,k<> 
iic nponajio Bb nocjibAywineivib, BO^OBopoTb co6biTJH. 

Ha ceBacTonojibCKOMb pefl^b — nycTbiHH. Beeb (priori,, bo 
ivnin'h cb zrpcaHoyTOMb «CBo6o^naH Poccia» (6i,ibiii. «Hmiic- 
paTpHUa EKaTepHna Be^HKaa») yuiejrb B'b HoBopoccificKb. «Bo- 
,th» (6hbui, «HivinepaTopb AjiCKcan/ipb III») 6e3b KOMaHabi, no 
cb HtivieuKHMb KapayjiOMb CTOHJib, npHiiiBapTOBjteHHi.in y nap- 
ckoh npncTaHH B'b KbKHofi SyxrE. 

Ha BojibinoMb pcHAt, crosbri, i in fio'iirh repMaHCKifi kpefi- 
icpi, «re6eHb,». 

i\. MlpaM'ieiiKO. 
10. II. 60 

HbK)-IOpK-b. 

80 



flpcKp. A. JX. ByGnoBi,. 



B/1MH1E nPOrPECCA TEXHUKM 
HA BOEHHO-MOPCKYK) HflEO/lOriK). 

(O'lepKi.). 



BoeHno-MopcKaa imeojiorin sto coBOKynHocTb bcbxti 

cTpaTerHMecKHx'b h faKTHqecKHx-b hack, nojioKeHHbix'b B'b oc- 

HOBaHie pyKOBOACTBa BOCHHO-MOpCKOH CHJIOH B'b BOHH-fe H Cpa- 
/KeHJH B'b flaHHHH nepiOA"b BpeMCHH. 

3bOJIK>U,\H 3TOH HAeOJIOHH HaXOAHTCH B'b IipHMOH 3aBHCH- 

mocth orb riporpecca tcxhhkh, kotopmh ee h o6yc/iOBJiHBaeT'b. 
Eiue cpaBHHTejibno HeAaBHo — B'b Hana.Ji'E 3Toro cTOJi"BTm 

CMHTajIOCb, HTO OCHOBHblH HZHajia (iipHHHHnbl ) BOCHHO-MOp- 

ckoh HAewioriH ocraiOTCH bo Bcfe BpeiweHa HeHSMtHUHMH h npo- 
rpeccb TexHHKH BMReTh jiuuib Ha (popivibi HXT> npHM-BHeHin; oa- 

HaKO, KaK'b Cie yBHAHIWb HH>Ke, THraHTCKift H nOHCTHH-fe cpaHTa- 

CTHwecKift nporpeccb tcxhhkh B'b nocTBAHee BpeMH He TOJibKo 

KOpeHHblM'b 06pa30M'b BHAOH3M'BHHJI'b CpOpiWbl BOeHHO-MOpCKOH 

HAeo^oriH, ho iioKOJieSajTb en ochobhijh Haqaaa, cwHTaBuiiHca 
ao Tkx-h nopt HeHaM-BHHbiMH. MTo6bi cocTaBHTb ceSt HCHoe npeA- 
CTaBJieHie o crencHH BJiiaiiiH nporpecca tcxhhkh Ha 3BO.iiou.iK) 

BOeHHO-MOpCKOH HAeOJIOHH Heo6xOAHMO 6pOCHTb B3r;iHA"b Ha 
IICTOpiK) 3T0H 3BOJHOUJH. 

81 

M3S 



HawHHan cb ApeBH-EHinHX-b BpeiweH-b h ao nojioBHHbi cpeA- 
HeB-BKOBbH, BoeHHO-MopCKaa HAeojioria orpaHHMHBa^acb Ha HAeb 
tbchoh KOonepauJH — TaKt CKa3aTb njiewa kt> njieMy — cb ap- 
MieH h Ha yHHHTOKeHJH HenpiHTe.ibCKaro Mopen.iaBaHia B'b npn- 
SpeiKHbixTj BOAaxt. TexHHwecKoe HecoBepmeHCTBo Tor^aiuHnro 
Kopa6jiecTpoeHia h HaBHrauJH He AonycKajio BooSme bt> rfe Bpe- 
MeHa njiaBama cyAOBT. no iuHpoKHM-b MopcKHMt npocTpaHCT- 
Baiwb, h 3to n^aBaHie — chjioh Bemefi — 6buo orpaHHHeno 

HCK^IOHHTejIbHO y3KOH nOJIOCOH npHSpOKHHX-b BOA"b. TaKTj KaK''> 

h ToproBoe MopenjiaBame, no t-emtj >Ke npHMHHaiwb, npoHCxoAH- 
jio HCKJiiOHHTejibHo bt> npHSpoKHbix-b BOAax-b, to h 3aAaHa ero 
yHHWTOMeHin, CTaBHBuiaHca cpjiOTy toto BpeiweHH, nc/iHOCTbio 
ptuiajiacb ero onepauJHMH B'b npHSpoKHux-b BOAaxT>, h He 6m.io 
HHKaKoA Heo6xoAHMOCTH pacmnpHTb hxtj Ha oTKpbiToe Mope, h6o 
Taivrb, B'b T"b BpeiweHa, HHKaKoro ABH>KeHiH cyAOBij He npoHcxo- 

AHJIO. BlWECTB Cb TEMT), OnepauJHMH B'b npHftpeWHblX'b BOAaXT> 

p-femajiacb h BTopan ocHOBHaa 3aAana (pJiOTa — Koonepauia cb 
apiwieft. h6o bt> te BpeiweHa, H3T>-3a nciiHaro 6e3Aopo>KbH, ne- 
peABH>KeHie apiwiH nponcxoAHJio rjiaBHbuvfb o6pa30M"b no 6eperv 

MOpH, npH MeMT> OHa nOCTOHHHO nOJIb30BaJiaCb BOeHHblMH H TOp- 

roBHMH cyAaMH ajih CBoero CHa6xtemn h nepeBOSOK-b, npHiwt.- 
poiwb Hero Haiwb CJiywaTT. rpeKO-nepcHACKin h nyHHwecKia boi'i- 

Hbl H CTO.JI'BTHHH BOHHa B'b CpeAHOB-BKOBbH. 

TaKoe nojioweme Bemeft AJiHJiocb ao BTopoft no^OBHHbi 
cpeAHeB-BKOBbH, KorAa, BOi'feACTBie BBeAeHin MaTeiwaTHKecKaro 
HCMHCJieHiH B'b Kopa6.7iecTpoeHie, ycoBepmeHCTBOBajiacb Mope- 
xoAHaa cnocoSHOCTb cyAOBT>, KorAa 6biji'b H3o6pt>TeH'b Koiwnacb 
h KorAa, BCjrbACTBie ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHisi TaKejiawa, ciajia B03- 
MO>KHa JiaBHpoBKa, ito, Bee BiwhcT-fe B3HToe, no3BOjiHjio pacuiH- 
pHTb MopenjiaBaHie Ha OTKpbiToe Mope h ycTaHOBHTb cBH3b cb 

3aM0pCKHMH 3&MJIHMH. 

B'b CBH3H Cb STHlWb nOHBHJiaCb HAea o rocnoACTB'b Ha MOp+> 
B'b uiHpoKOM'b cmmcji'e, a He TOJibKO B'b npHSpewHbix-b BOAaXT.. 

H TaKHMT> o6pa30M'b, BCJTEACTBie BblUjenpHBeAeHHHX'b TexHHMec- 
KHXT> AOCTHWeHift, paCIUHpHJiaCb H BHA0H3M"BHHJiaCb BOeHHO-MOp- 

CKan HAeo^oria. ripn 3tomt> He;ib3H He oSpaTHTb BHHManie na 
to, mto HAeo^oriH onepauifl bt> npH6pe>KHbix'b BOAax-b ocraBa- 
jiacb HeH3M-BHHoft h He 3BOJiK)HpoBajia OT-b ApeBH'BHUJHX'b Bpe- 
MeHT> ao nojioBHHbi cpeAHeB-BKOBbH, TO-ecTb BTeneHie 3-xt. c^h- 

UJKOM'b TblCHHejI-BTift. MTO nOKaSblBaeTT., KaK-b MeA^ieHHO B'b rb 
BpCMeHa pa3BHBa40Cb TeXHHWeCKOe TBOpMeCTBO. 

82 

*6 



3tott> zyiHHHbiH nepioa"b BpeMeHH, HOCHinift Ha3BaHie anoxH 
rpeGHoro (JwoTa, ycrynHJi'b iwbcto anox'fe napycHaro (pjiOTa, ibn 
HAeoJiorin 6buia ocHOBaHa Ha aortphh+j 6opb6bi 3a a6cojiK)THoe 
rocnoACTBO Ha Mop's. 

noA"b aGcojnoTHHM'b rocriOACTBOM'b Ha Mop's noApa3yM"B- 
Bajiocb jiHiueHie npoTHBHHKa bo3mo>khocth, nyTeM^ yHHHTOJKe- 
iiia hjih t"Bchoh 6jioKaAH ero cpJiOTa, BocnpenHTCTBOBaTb bh- 
no^HeHiio KaKHXT. 6h to hh 6ujio onepauifl B-b jho6oh tows 
boahoh noBepxHocTH 3eMHoro xuara. 

FFpHM'BHeHie Kt MopenjiaBamio napoBoro ABHraTejm ne BHe- 
cjio KopenHoro H3MT,HeHiH B-b HAeojioriio a6cojiK>™aro rocnoA- 
cxBa Ha Mopt., h6o oho jiHiub ocbo6oahjio cya,a orb 33bhchmo- 
cth orb B-feTpa h, ynpocTHB-b Hx-b jiBWMeme, o6jievm\jio JiHiub 
r|).'ioTy HcnojiHenie ero ocHOBHbix-b 3aAaH"b — yHHHTWKeHie hjih 
6.iOKaAV HenpiHrejibCKaro (jviOTa — h TaKHMT> o6pa30M"b 3Ta 
it.T,oo,ioria ocTajiacb bt> ch./i-b ao PyccKO-flnoncKOH bohhh bkjho- 
'iHTC.ibHO, n^pH-fee ao noHBJieHia onepaTHBHO-cnocoo'HHX'b noA- 

BOaHhlX-b JlOAOWh, 

Bt> to BpeMH KaK"b nepBMH nepioa.'b 3BOJnouiH BoeHHO-Mopc- 
Koft HAec/iorin, oxBaTbiBaromifi co6oft snoxy rpe6Horo cpjioTa, 
upoAOJiiKa^CH 3 cb JiHiiiKOM-b Tbicnwe./i'ETiH, STorb BTopoft nepi- 
OAb, oxBaTbiBaromiii co6oft 3iioxy napycHaro cpjioTa h wacTb 
3>noxH napoBoro (pjioTa, npoAOJi>Ka;iCH jiHiiib 3 cb He6ojibuiHM'b 

CTCTBTiH. 

rioHB.ienic onepaTHBHO-cnoco6Hbixb noABOAHHX'b jioAOK'b h 

yCOBepUICHCTBOBaHie MHH'b KOpCHHHM'b 06pa30M"b BHAOH3MBHH- 

.10 HAeoJioriro, ocHOBanHyio na aoktphh-e a6cojiiOTHaro rocnoA- 
CTBa Ha MP's. y>Ke onbiT-b 1-ft MipoBoft bohhh noKa3ajrb, hto 

BC^IlACTBie OnaCHOCTH Orb noABOAHHX'b JIOAOKT. H MHHTj (JWIOTTj 

OKa3a.ica ^HineHHbiM'b bo3mo>khocth BecTH KpynHbia onepaniH 

BT> CTTiCHeHHHX'b MOpHXl) H SajIHEaXT}, npHM"BHHTb T-BCHyK) 6.flO- 

Kaay h Ao6nTbCH cbohmh cpeACTBaMH yHHWToiKeHiH Bceii Mop- 

CKOH CHJIbI npOTHBHHKa. JI,o6HTbCH >Ke 3TOrO (pJIOrb 6bIJTb 6bl 

cnocoSeH-b jiHiiib bt> rkcHoft Koonepauin cb apMieft, KOTopan 
AOJDKHa 6buia 6bi 3aHHTb bcb 6a3bi HenpiHTejibCKaro tpjioTa Ha- 
naAeHieM-b Ha HHx-b co ctopohh cvihh. 

BoTBACTBiH aroro AORTpHHa a6cojiK>THaro rocnoACTBa Ha 
Mopt ycTynHJia nocjrE 1-ft MipoBoft bohhh CBoe m%cto aoktph- 
h-b OTHOCHTenbHaro rocnoACTBa na Mopt, cyiuHOCTb Koeft co- 

83 



CTOHJia BT> TOlWh, HTO CpJIOTb AO.IDKCH-b 6h\jn> OXpaHHTb MOpCKiH 

coo6meHiH Bt onpcA'bJieHHt.ix'b HanpaBJieHinxij h o6e3newHBaTb 
H"b cJiyHat HaAo6HocTH MtcTHOe (jioKajibHoe) rocnoACTBo bi> 
onpe^'BJieHHbix'b paftoHaxi. TeaTpa BoeHHbix-b AtftcTBift, rA"k 
upeAnpHHHMajiHCb hsbtdCthhh CTpaTerHwecKin onepauin Kpyn- 
naro pa3M-Bpa, Kaicb to: Bbica^Ka SojibiuHx-b AecaHTOB-b, cpopcH- 
poBaHie npo^HBOB'b h t. a. 

JJoKTpHHa OTHocHTejibHaro rocno^CTBa Ha Mop-fc h CBH3aH- 
Han ct> Heft HAeoJiorin ocTaBajiacb Bb chji-b okojio 3-x"b acchth- 
■TBTift, TO-ecTb orb 1-ft ao 2-ft MipoBoft bohhh, Koraa bhhbhb- 
inaacH bo BpeMH stoh nocji-B^Heft bohhh rpoMaAHan onepaTHB- 

HaH MOUIb aBiauiH B"h KOpH-fe BHAOH3M-BHH./ia 9TV AOKTpHHy. Bo- 
eHHHH A^HCTBiH Ha MOpt BO BpeMH 2-ft MipOBOft BOHHH HCHO 

noKa3ajiH, hto o6e3neneHie MopcKHX"b cooSmeHift h, boo6ihc 
o6e3neneHie bchkhxtj MopcKHXt onepauift o6yc/iOBjiHBaeTCH ho 

CTOJIbKO rOCnOACTBOM"b Ha MOp"B CKOJIbKO TOCnOACTBOMTj BT> B03- 
AyX-fe, H TaKHMt 06pa30M-b HeHTp-b THWeCTH MOpCKOft BOHHH 

Gun-b nepeHeceH-b B"b B03Ayx-b. 3-rHM-b He TOJibKo KopeHHHM-b 

o6p330M'b BHAOH3M'BHH,IiaCb CUMa CymHOCTb BOCHHO-MOpCKOH 

HAeoJiorin, ho H3M-BHHjiacb h caiwa crpyKTypa iwopcKoft ch.ih: 
aBiauia npio6p-EJia B-b Heft AOMHHHpyrom'ee 3HaMeHie. Hc i ie3JiH 
H3-b en cocTaBa 6ojibuiie SpoHeHocubi h 3HaHHTejibHo yBe,iHHH- 
.tocb mhc/io pasHoofipasHbix-b Majibix-b 6oeBbix-b CVAOBTj. 

OAHaKO, 3TOft, TaKT> CKa3aTb, B03AyUJHO-MOpCKOH HAeojioriH, 

co3AaHHoft 2-ft MipoBoft BoftHoft, He cy»AeHO 6hjio AOJiro npo- 

CymeCTBOBaTb. Bt> CaMOMT> KOHH/B 9T0H BOftHH nOHBHJIOCb HOBOC 
AOCTH>KeHie BOeHHOH TeXHHKH aTOMH3H 60M6a. KOTOpaH BH3- 

Bajia KopeHHoft nepeBoporb He TOJibKo B-b BoeHHO-MopcKoft HAe- 
OJioriH, ho h bt> caiwoft cynjHocTH Boopy>KeHHOH 6opb6u bt> 

HIHpOKOM'b CMblCJTB. 

J\b1d 3th 6om6h, 6pouieHHHH Ha XnpoiHHMy h HaracaKH, 
npoH3BejiH TaKoe y*acHoe onycTomeHie h yHHHTOiKHjiH cTOJibKo 
JiioAeft, hto Hhohjh npHHywAeHa 6HJia HeiweA^eHHO KanHTyjiH- 
poBaTb. 

JXo 9Toro anoxajibHaro AOCTHKeHin tcxhhkh utjib bohhh, 
TO-ecTb noS-BAa HaAt npoTHBHHKOM-b, AOCTHraaacb 6opb6ofl cb 
ero Boopy)KeHHoft CHjioft, KOTopan o6hmho A^HJiacb roAaMH; 
MejKAy T-BM-b aTOMHan 6oM6a B-b cocAHneHiH cb paKeTaMH yHH- 
L iTO>KHJia caMoe noHHTie BOopyjKeHHoft 6opb6n, h6o bt^ 6yay- 

84 



iu,eiwb uiwib BOHHbi 6yAt-'i"b AocrHraTbCH MOJiiiieitocni.iM i> pa3py- 
!ueniewb cipanbi npoTHBHHKa h ynn i no>»<enieM b esi iiacejieimi. 
y*e 2-h MipoBan BOHHa eesnomaAHbiM-b 6oivi6apAHpoBaHieM'b 

MHpHblX-b TOpOAOB-b, npHM-BHeHieM-b SajIJIHCTHHeCKHX-b CHapH- 

;ioB-b h ynoxpe6jieHieMT3 nepBbix'b aTOMHbix"b 6oM6"b, npioT- 
i.pbijia 3aB-Bcy, 3acTHJiaK)inyio orb Hact 6yAyui.ee, KOTopoe no- 
hcthh'b npeACTaBJineTCH HaMT> anoKajiMncHqecKHMT), B'b cbh3h 
Ch MaccoBbiMT^ npHiWEHeHieMTj B'b SyAymeMT) ycoBepuieHCTBO- 

BaHHHX-b aTOMHHX'b H BOAOpOAHblX-b SOM^Tj B'b COHeTamH C"b 
„ia.?IbH060HHbIMH paKeTaMH H pa3HbIX"b BHAOB'b KOCMHHeCKHMH 

CHapHAaMH. 

Hhh'b ajih rocyAapcTB-b, o6jiaAaiomHX'b aTOMHbiMia Boopy- 
>KeHieMTD, HAeojioria, ocHOBaHHan Ha 6opb6-fc 3a rocnoACTBO Ha 
■vtop'fe h B-b B03Ayxt, nepecrajia cymecrBOBaTb, h6o HAeojioria 
aTOMHofl BOHHbi ocHOBaHa He Ha SopbCt, a Ha yHMHTOKeHiw: npo- 
thbhhkh 6yAyi"b btd SyAyuieMt CTpeMHTbca BHe3anHbiMT> yAa- 
poM"b yHHWTOiKHTb Apyi"b Apyra, o6paTHTb HenpinTejibCKyio crpa- 
Hy btj pa3Ba,;iHHbi, jiHineHHbiH acH3HH, npH Heivi^ 3to pa3pyme- 
nie Gy^eT-b MrHOBeHHbiM'b h ero pasiwBpbi 6yAyi"b 3aBHCBTb 
orb Ko;iHMecTBa aTOMHaro opy>KiH, KOTopbHvrb npoTHBHHKH 6y- 
AyT-b pacnc/iararb. 

A TaKTb. KaKt B'b TeweHie BpeMeHH noc/it 2-fl MipoBoft bohhbi 
Bn^o-rb ao HauiHx-b AHefl B'b Mip-fc npoH3BeAeHO 6ojibiuoe ko- 
.iHwecTBO eme SoJi'Be ywacHaro aTOMHaro opy>Kifl, m^mtj 6om6h, 
KOTopwa 6ujih c6poiueHbi Ha flnoHiio, mojkho nojiaraTb, mto bt> 

CTIV^a'k B03HHKHOBeHJH BOHHbi GyjiyTb yHHqTO>KeHbI He TOJIbKO 

06a npoTHBHHKa, ho h HapoAM, He npHHHMaBiuie ynacTiji B'b 
BOHHt, h6o bch arwoccpepa 3eMHoro uiapa OKa>KeTCH «OTpaB- 
,ieHHOH» moluhoh paAiauieft OT-b B3pbiBa 6ojibuioro KOJiHHecrBa 

aTOMHblXTD gOMO-b. EIpH TOM"b nepeBOporfc, KOTOpblfl npoH3Be^o 

Hi. BoeHHoft HAeojiorin aTOMHoe Boopy>KeHie, 3aAana h pojib 

(pJIOTa 6yAyTTj 3aK^K)HaTbCfl B'b TOM'b, HT06bI npH6jIH3HTb aTOM- 

Hoe opyade kt> nocraB./ieHHbiM'b eiwy u'fejiHM'b Ha TeppnTopin He- 
npiHTe^bCKoft CTpaHbi, BCJTBACTBie nero aBiaHOCubi h noABOA- 
hhh jioakh ct> paKeTHbiM-b BOopyKeHieivrb SyAyrb 3aroAH bh- 
ABHraTbCH Ha no3HH,iH KaK-b mojkho 6jiH>Ke K-b rpaHHuaiwb npeA- 
noviaraeMaro npoTHBHHKa, hto mh y>Ke Tenepb h na6jiK)AaeM'b. 

H3T> H3,10)KeHHarO BHAHMt, HTO 3B0^K)HiH BOeHHO-MOpCKOH 
HAeOJIOriH A'tflCTBHTejlbllO HaXOAHTCH B'b npHMOH 3aBHCHMOCTH 

85 



OT'b nporpecca tcxhhkh, h npoHCxoAflmJa B-b stoh 3bojuoujh 

H3M-BHenifl BbI3bIBaK)TCH HOBblMH AOCTHJKeHJHMH B"b o6jiaCTH 

TexHHKH Boopymema. npH 3TOM-b 6pocae-rcH B-b r;ia3a, hto cb 
TeneHieM'b BpeiweHH 9Torb nporpeccb Bee 6oji-fee h 6o.ite ycKo- 
pfleTca h ero Aoc™>KeHi$i npioep-ETarorb Bee 6ojite pa^HKajib- 
Hbift h MomHbiH xapaKTep-b. B-b aaBHO npome^iuiH BpeiueHa no- 
Tpo6oBajiHCb TbiCHHC/TETiH jijih ycoBepuieHCTBOBaHifl napycHaro 
TaKejiama h npHM-BHemH iwarHHTHOH crp-BJiKH, wto6h oTKpbiTb 
Kopa6jiHMTb Aocryn-b Ha mwpoKie BOAHbie npocTopbi iiaineri 
n^aHeTbi, Tor^a Kaicb B-b HOB-BHLuia BpeiweHa noTpe6oBajiocb JiHUJb 
AecHTHji-BTie jyiH H3o6p-k-reHiH h ycoBepmeHCTBOBanifl 6e3KO- 
newHo MomHaro aTOMHaro opyjKia. CKOJib huh-b, npw coBpeMcii- 

HblXT. AOCTHJKeHiflX'b TeXHHKH, K&XyVCH HH'ITO>KHI>IMH Cfl AOCTH- 

>KeHiH npemHHx-b BpeMeH-b! 

Cie noKa3biBaerb, hto H3o6p-ETaTejibHOCTb ysvia h efl «moiu.- 
nocTb» ABHraeTCH BiiepeA'b ycKopaiomHMCH tcmiiomT), TaiCb CKa- 
saTb B"b reoMeTpHMecKoft nporpeccin. 

K-b neuy «e a-ra H3o6p-ETa-rejibHOCTb <-iejioBt> i iecKaro yiwa 
iiacij HbiHi> npHBejia? 

OHa AaJia B-b p>kh qejioB-EKy opymie, -cnocoSnoe onycTO- 

lUHTb BeCb 3eMHOH Uiap'b H yHHHTO>KHTb Ha HCM'b BCe JKHBOej BT> 

ycH^eHiH moluh opyndn MaccoBaro yHHmo>KeHiH AOCTHrHyrb 
HbiH-fe nptpfeji'b, AaJibiue Koero, Ka3ajiocb 6bi, xoAHTb yme HeKy- 
A&. B-b to BpeMH KaK"b B-b ApeBHia BpeMeHa noTepH bt> BoflHaxb 

HCHHCJIHJIHCb TbICHHaMH H AeCHTKaMH TblCHHT) HCJIOB'BHeCKHX'b 

iKH3Hefl, nocTeneHHO yBejiHMHBancb cb rfcx-b BpeMeirb, sth noTe- 

PH B-b rpflAymeH BOHH-B 6yAyi"b HCWHCJIHTbCH COTHHMH MHJIJlio- 

HOB-b, a Moacerb 6biTb h Sojibine. 

4>HJiococpiH bohhh, ocuoBaHHaH Ha 6opb6-k no nanajiaMb 
cTpaTerin h TaKTHKH, HCMe3Jia, ycrynHB-b cBoe m-bcto BapBap- 
ckoh (pHJiococpiH onycTOUjeHia crpaHbi npoTHBHHKa h Hcrpe6- 
j>emn en Hacejiemn «orHeM-b h MenoM"b». UpH sroM-b, B-b ApeB- 
hjh BapBapcKia BpeiweHa sto onyerouiHeie h HCTpe6/teHie orpa- 

HHHHBajIOCb CTpaHOH npOTHBHHKa, TOrAa KaK"b HblHTS, BCnCBACT- 

Bie caiwaro CBoficrBa aTOMHaro opyjKiH «0TpaBjiHTb» aTMOCcjaepy, 
sto onycTouieHie h HcrpeOjieme HeMHHyeMO pacnpocTpaHHTCH 
sa npeA+^Jibi HaM-feqeHHaro TeaTpa bohhh h 6yAerb yrpomaTb 
cymecTBOBamio Apyrnx-b HapoAOB-b h AaJKe Bcero HejioBtnecTBa. 

Mto me Bee 9to 3HaMHT-b? 
86 






B'b TaHHCTBeHHOM"b «MexaHH3M'fe», ynpaB.JIfllOUJ.HM'b HpHpo- 

Aofi, BOHHa 6bijia, ecTb h 6y,a.erb oAHHM-b h3t> cpeACTB-b 3aAep- 
>KaTb Mpe3MtpHbiH pocrb Hace/ieHia 3eMHoro iuapa. IloaTOMy 
nejioB'EHecTBy, KaKh 6bi oho hh CTapaaocb, HHKorAa He yAacTCH 

VCTpaHHTb 3T0 «CpeACTBO», BJIOJKCHHOe FlpHpOAOH B'b CaMyK) 

cymHOCTb ero Smtjh; 3to wawb HeonpoBep>KHMO AOKa3biBaerb 

TOTb CpaKTb, HTO pa3BHTJK) HejIOB-fiHeCTBa OTb ApeBH'EHllIHX'b 
BpeMeHT> AOHblHt HeH3M"EHHO COIiyTCTByeTb HeCKOHHaeMblH pnjib 
BOHH-b. HeCMOTpH Ha TO HTO 9TH BOHHbl Cb TeHeHJeMT) BpeMHCH 

jtj^aioTCH Bee 6ojrBe h So^-Be KpoBonpojiHTHbiMH, pocrb Hapo- 
AOHacejieHiH 3eMjiH, SjiaroAapn AOCTHmeHiHM-b mcahuhhu h th- 
rieHbi, He TOJibKO He 3aAep)KHBaeTCH, ho HaoSoporb — ycKopn- 
ctch, h TaKHMi> SopasoM'b HejioB-bnecTBy yrpo>Kaerb onacHOCTb, 
hto Ha Hamefi 3eMjrfe, B'b cpaBHHTejibHO HeAajienoM'b 6yAymeM'b, 
lie XBaTHT"b cpeACTB-b a^ih ero nHTaHin h cymecTBOBaHin. He 

3HaHHTT> JIH 3TO, HTO B'b 3KOHOMiH IlpHpOAbl HaCTynaerb MO- 
MeHTb , KOrAa HeoGxOAHMO paAHKaJIbHO OCTaHOBHTb 3TOTb 

pocrb, ajih nero HejioB-EHecKaH HsoSp^TaTejibHOCTb HanpaBJie- 
Ha npHpoAOH K"b co3AaHiio opy>Kia MaccoBaro HCTpeS^eHin? 

Bee Mipo3AaHie, hjih no KpaflHeft M-fep-E Ta ero nacTb, koto- 
pyio Mbi bhahmij h MOyKeivrb o6"bHTb cbohmtj pa3yM0M"b, nocrpoe- 
na Ha 3aKOH-B «BbiMHpaHJH», TO-ecTb npoueccB poKAemn, )kh3hh 
h CMepTH: po>KAaK>TCH, jKHByrb h yMMpaiOT-b OTA'kjibHbie jiioak 
h irfejibie HapoAM, noHB^HioTCH, pa3BHBaiOTCH h norHfiaioT'b irfe- 
.ibiH u,HBH^H3ai;iH, co3AaK)TCH, cym.ecTByioT'b h HCHe3aiOT'b rfcjia. 
h irfejibie Mipbi . . . 

He 3HaHHrb jih H3o6p-BTeHie opywin MaccoBaro HCTpe6jiemH, 
hto B'b npouecefe >kh3hh Mipo3AamH HaCTynaerb cpoicb m6ejin 
naiiieft u,HBHjiH3auiH hjih, Mowerb 6biTb, o6pam,eHia Harnett iuia- 
neTbi B'b 6e3)KH3HeHHoe He6ecHoe t-bjio? Kto 3Haerb h kto mo- 
>KeTTj AaTb OTB'BT'b Ha stottj TparHHecKift Bonpocb? 

Ho KaKT> 6bl TO HH 6bIJIO OAHO JIHUIb HCHO, HTO HejIOB'EHeCTBO 

HbiH"B BCTynH^o B'b KpHTHHecKyio (pa3y CBoero cymecTBOBaHia. 

A. By6HOBi>. 



87 



KoHTp-b-AaMHpa^-b B. .HyAOpOB-b. 



BHUE-A^MHPAJITd 
A. H. HEnEHHHT> 

OnbiTi> GiorpacpiH. 
(flpoAOJDKeHie) 



KOMAH^yiOlUlU OJIOTOMTj . 

.6 ceHTfl6pa 1916 roAa (ct. ct.) — KyjibMHHauioHnafl T04Ka 
cviywe6HOH Kapbepi.i HeneHHHa h pokoboh Aenb ero >kh3hh — 
HamuicH, KaKt o6i>iwho, bij crporo a^oboh oGcTanoBK'b LLlTa6a 
Cjiy>K6bi Cbh3h. 

HeofibmaflHbiH Bi,i30B'b ero na UeHTpa^bHyio CTaHUJio K-b 
annapaTy K)3a no npHKa3amio CTaBKH BepxoBHaro TjiaBHOKO- 
MaHAyiomaro ecTecTBeHHO BbisBaji-b o6mee JiK)6oni>iTCTBO, ho, 
pa3yM'BeTca, hhkomv h B-b rojioBy He iiphxoahjio hto 6i,i out. 
Morb 03Ha>-iaTb. 

H TO^bKO npHcyTCTBOBaBUiiH npH nepeAanij AeneiuH Ha- 
MaJibHHicb CTaHuiw Kan. 1 p. A. KoBajibCKifl pa3CKa3biBajrb no- 
tomtj, Kaicb, no OKOHwamH ea, HeneHHH-b BApyrb CHH.Tb (pypa>K- 
Ky. HJHpoKO nepeKpecTHjicH h nepeAajrb eiuy, nopa3HBuiyio Toro 
cBoeft no^Hofl Heo>KHAaHHOCTbK), jieHTy : AAMHpa;rb PycHHij 
nepeAaBajii. npHKa3"b TocyAapn o Ha3HaweHiH HeneHHHa KoiwaH- 

AyiOlUHM'b BaJITiftCKHMT. <£>JIOTOM'b, Cb npOH3BOACTBOM"b ei"0 B"b 

BHue-aAMHpa^bi. 
88 



0TH0IUEH1E KT> HA3HAMEHIK) HA cDJlOTt . 

Btdb 06b aTOM-b co6biTJH MOJiHieHOCHo pa3Hec/iacb no 
ECbMb wacTHiwb cpjiOTa, h Bbi3BaMHoe eio BneqaTji-BHie 6buio Ha- 

CTOflbKO pa3H006pa3H0, H Aa>Ke npOTHBOnO.TO}KHO oaho AP.V- 

roMy, bt> 3aBHCHMOCTH CTyneHeft c/iy>Ke6Haro noJio^ceHia OTAkvib- 
libix-b JiHirb h Macreft cpjioia, Kb KOTopbiMb ohh npHHaAJiejKajiH, 
4to Bbipa3HTb ero KaKOH-^H6o oahoh cpopMyjiHpoBKOH npeA- 
CTaBJiaeTCH coBepmeHHo HeB03MO}KHbiMb, KpoMt pa3Bb o6maro 
bcbmt- qyBCTBa — H3yMjieHia. 

Bb qacTHXt. HenocpeACTBeHHo eiwy noAHHHeHHbixb — Cjiy>K- 
oi; Cbh3h, ABiauiH, Ha BeperoBOMb <t>poHTb Kpbnoc™ H. n. B. 

— ■ BOCTOp>KeHHOe T0p>KeCTB0 Bb H3B-ECTH0H CTenCHH BbI3bIBa- 

.iocb C03HaHieM'b CBoero co6cTBeHHaro yqacTin Bb pa6oTb, ao- 
CTaBMBiueH HXb HaMajibHHKy 3to BbicoKoe npH3Hame 3acnyrb cb 

BblCOTbl TlpeCTOJia. H KaKOMy J1H60 KpHTHHeCKOMy OTHOliieHilO 

M-fecTa He Sbijio. 

y juoash Ha ce6b jihwho Bb TeneHie AByxb ji-ETb HcnbiTaBmnxb 
ero 3a6oTy 06b HXb 6e3onacHOCTH, coxpaHemn CHJib jiHHHaro 
cocTaBa h c6epejKeme MexaHH3MOB'b KopaQjieft orb n3jiHuineH 

H3HOHieHHOCTH UyTtWb HCHblX^ H BCerAa TOHHHXb CB'BA'bHiH H 

npeAynpe>KAeHiH o A"BHCTBiHXb H caMHXb HaMtpeniflxb Bpara, 
KaK"b Hanp. Ha Mhhhoh ^BibhsIh, /Xhbh31h TpajieHiH, iioaboa- 

HblX-b ^OAKaX'b H Ha JierKHXb KpeHCepaX"b, CpeAH KOMaHAHpOBb 

KOTopuxb 6huio He Majio ero jiHWHbix'b Apy3efl, B-fecTb o ero Ha3- 
HaqeHiH 6bijia B-b o6m,eMb npHHHTa Ao6po>Ke;iaTejibHo. H 3to 
ocoSeHHo hpko CKa3i>iBajiocb B"b cpeA^ naH6o./rBe MOJioAoro ko- 
MaHAnaro cocTaBa. 

KoHequo, Aa>Ke Bb araxb, BecbMa pacnojioiKeHHbixb Kb He- 
neHHHy npyraxb, ecTecTBeHHo B03HHKajio coMHbuie bt> AocTa- 

TOHHOH erO nOArOTOBJieHHOCTH Kb 3aHHTiKJ CTOJIb OTBbTCTBeU- 

naro nocTa. Bb KOManAOBame cp^OTOMb Bb caMbift pa3rapb 
bOHHbi BCTyna^b MejioBbKb, xoth h oTMbqeiiHbiH 3a cboh 6oe- 

bblfl AOCTOHHCTBa TeoprieBCKHMTj KpeCTOMb H BblflBHBUlift CBOH 
BOJieBblH H OpraHH3auiOHHbIH AOCTOHHCTBa, HO Bee jKe He KO- 

MaHAOBaBuiift Aawe 6ojibiuHMb Kopa6jieMb. 3to He TOJibKo Ha- 
pyuiajio Becb npHBbmHbifl B3rjinAb Ha ueH30Bbifl nop«AOKb npo- 
xo>KAeHifi cjiy>K6bi, ho h Bbi3biBajio 6ojibe cepbe3Hbia comh-ehIh 

BT> erO TaKTHMeCKOl'l nOArOTOBJieHHOCTH Kb pyKOBOAHTejIbCTBy 
IpJIOTOMb Bb 6oiO. 

89 



TpaAHUifl MOpCKOH BOHHbl, COrjiaCHO KOTOpOH TJiaBHOH 3a- 

AaMefl cpJioTa BcerAa hbjihjich rEHEPAJIbHblH BOH, HiWEBiuifi 
U"fejibK) yHHMTO)KeHie >khbom chjih Bpara OAHHM"b yAapcwb, Tpe- 
SoBajia AJia BbinoJiHeHia en HCKycHaro btj TaKTHK-fc bo>kah, eAH- 
hoh Bo^eft HanpaBJiaiomaro oSiujh ycmiia bcbxtj npHHHMaio- 
m,Hx-b b-b Heiwb CHji-b. H jieSeAHHofl n-BCHefl en 6ujia Bee eme 
sipKO >KHBiiiaH bt> cepAuaxi, h yiwax-b TpareAiH UycHMbi. 

Mea<Ay rkwh orpoMHbift pocrb 6oeBbix'b cpjiOTOB-b h ero 
'rexHHKH, noHBJieme iiOABOAHbix'b jioAOK'b Sojibijjoro paAiyca 
AtficTBiH h, xoth Bee eme oiaSaro, ho ywe hcho HaMtwaBiuarocH 

3HaMeHiH B03AyiUHarO Opy>KJH BTa KOpH-fe MtHHJIH MeTOAU 

6opb6bl Ha MOpt. TaKTHKa CTaHOBHJiaCb AOCTOHHieM'b OTA"BJIb- 

Hbix'b HanajibHHKOB'b nacreA h Aa«e eAHHHUb. A rviaBHOH 3aAa- 
>ich KoManAyiomaro MopcKofl Chjioh neTKO onpeA"BJiHJiacb pa- 
6oTa CTpaTerHMecKan — roTOBHTb ycn-fexi), npeAyraAUBaH Ha- 

M'BpeHJH IipOTHBHHKa H COCpeAOTOHHBaH COOTBtTCTBeHHblH CHJIbI 
BTd HyiKHOe BpeMH BT> HyjKHOM'b nyHKTB. 

Oopiwyjia BbicoKaro aBTopHTeTa Teopin h npaKTHKH boch- 
Haro pyKOBOAHTe^ibCTBa — HanojieoHa — Tpe6yiomaH orb bo>k- 
Ah «KBA/I,PATA», to ecTb paBHOBtcia, «yMA H BOJIM», — bt> 
MopcKHXb Kpyrax-b Bcero iwipa wacro 3aTeMHHjiacb orpoMHOCTbio 
TEXHHKH CpJiQTd, B"b pe3yjibTaT-B wero en cneu.ia.flHCTaM'b ot- 
BOAH^ocb npeHMymecTBeHHoe npaBo Ha 3aHH'rie Aa>Ke h whcto 

CTpoeBblXT) KOMaHAHblX-b AOJDKHOCTeH. 

MeiKAy T'BM'b, y*e Ha flpKOMTD IipHM'fip'E HaUJHX'b co6cTBen- 
HblX-b COBpeMeHHblX-b aAMHpa^OB-b, JierKO 6blJIO BHA"BTb Ha- 
CKOJIbKO BT> ycntxt pyKOBOAHTe^lbCTBa (p^OTOM'b, KaKl> Bl) MHp- 
KOe TaK-b H B"b BOeHHOe BpeMH, MMCHHO 3TH nPMPO^Hbl^ KA - 

MECTBA npeo6;iaAajiH HaA'b oweHb bucokhmt^ AKAAEMH- 
HECKHAVb h TEXHHMECKHM-b OBPA30BAHIEM'b Aa*e y 
MAKAPOBA h 3CCEHA . 

OS^aAaBUiift HCHbiMt npHpoAHbiivrb yMOiwb, cnoco6HbiM'b 
CMorp-BTb btj KopeHb Bemeft h A"feJiaTb H3-b Ha6jiK»AaeMaro CHH- 
TETHMECKIE BblBOAbI, h CHjibHbiivrb BOJIEBblAVb XAPAK - 
TEPOM"b, MoryHj,HMi> npeoAOJitsBaTb bcb npenHTCTBin Ha nyra 

KT> AOCTHJKeHiK) nOCTaBJieHHOH Ce6-B Ut^H, COHeTaBUJHMHCH Cb 
N'M-BHieMlj BblfiHpaTb nOMOLUHHKOB-b AJIH BbinOJIHeHifl CBOHX"b 

npeAHanepTaHifl, HeneHHH-b hbjihjich AOCTOHHbiM'b nocjitAOBa- 

Te^eM"b HXTj UIKO^bl. 

90 



O^HaKO. H'blW'b BblLUC 6bIJIH CTVIieHH CJiy>Ke6HOH .I'liCTHHUbl, 

na KOTopbixt CTOH.iH o6oHAeHHbiH ero HaaHaHeHieiwb Jinna, Thwb 
CHJibfrfee BbiHBjiHjiocb HenoHHiwaHie SToro, Bbipa3HBUjeecH Aa>Ke 

B'b IipHMOMl. HeAOBO^IbCTB'fe. BblJIO 6bl, KOHeiHO, CJIHIHKOM'b rpy- 

oo npHnHCbiBaTb 3to npocTofl 3aBHCTH hjih o6ha"B. Ho KOe-KTO 
Morb qyBCTBOBaTb ce6H h oGH^eHHbnvrb npeHe6p«KeHieM'b ero 
cTapuiHHCTBa, o6pa30BaTejibHaro neH3a h Aau<e 6oeBbixT> aaoayn*. 
A 3to, pa3yiwbeTCH, aojijkho 6bijio M-bmaTb coBepmeHHo oS^eR- 

THBHOMy OTHOllieHiK). 

>Ipne Bcero 3to Bi.ipa3Hjiocb B'b BOCK/iHiiamH, BbipBaBuieMCH 
y Toro, KOMy AOBtviocb c\a,aBaTb einy cbok) Bbicuiyio bt. CTpoeBoft 
cjiy>K6'b Ao^i^vHOCTb. 

«Haui;iH Koro na3naMHTi> KoManAyK)in,HM'b Ojiotomt.. CTap- 
maro ABopHHKa!» cb ropeubio CKasaJTfe iio<rreiiiii>ni CTapHKT> 
B. A. KaHHH'b *). 

B'b 3THXT> OIOBaX-b CKOHU,eHTpHpOBa. T IHCb H OTHOLUeHiH CBbl- 

coKa oivni'iiiaro TexHHKa Mumiaro A'bjia icb «cbpojviy» cxpoeBO- 
\iy ocpwuepy, h BcerAa KoppeKTHaro h MarKaro MejiOB'BKa kx. ro- 

pHML'My, IR'p-BAKO HCCAep>KaHHOMy H p'b3KOMy B'b KpHTHK'B, CBOe- 

My CbiBiiiCMy noAHHHeHHOMy H, pa3yivrbeTCH, no HC/ioB'bwecTBy, 
ocKop6jienHoe caMo;no6ie. 

4to KacaeTCH nanajibHHKOB'b oTA'bJibnux'b nacrea (pJioTa, 

TO AJAHH&H AP>'>K6a CO MHOrHMH H3Tj HHX'b, Cb KOTOpblMH CBfl- 

3a^a ero coBM'bcraaH 6oeBan cjry3c6a eme ao smoncKOH bohhbi, 
BecbMa cnocoScTBOBajia upeoAOJitniio noAo6iibix'b coMirbHift ct> 

HX-b CTOpOHbl. 

KorAa mq ao nero aoumh cjiyxH o tomi*, hto aAMHpajrb 
K'ypouj'b h MaKCHMOB'b KpafiHe HeAOBOJibHbi, cHHTaa ceCa o6oh- 

AeHHblMH, H Oll'b B'b JIHHHOM'b pa3rOBOp"b Cb HHMH IipeAJ10)KH./I'b 

MM"b ycTpoHTb TaKJH Ha3HawemH, rA"b ohm He 6bUH 6bi eMy noA- 

MHHeHbl, TO 06a OHH 9T0 OTKJIOHHJIH, SaHBHB'b, HTO HHh'aKOU 
o6HAbI Cb HXTd CTOpOHbl H^rb **). H TO^bKO Co6bITiH nepBblX'b 

AHeft peBOjnoujH bbihbh.ih noA^iHHHoe oTHOuieme 6e33acreHHH- 
Baro necTOJiioSua MaKCHMOBa K"b oSouieAiueiviy ero no c/iyjKGts 

Me^0BT3Ky. 



*) BocnoMHHairiH 0. B. HeneHHHofi. IIhcbmo aBTopy 31-10-55. 
**) AflMHpajii, Kyponi'i BcKopfc 6tlfffc Ha3HaieH'L KciMeHftaHTOMi, KpomirraAT- 
cKofi Kptnocra. B. J. 

91 



HEnEHMH'b O KOMAHAOBAHIM OJIOTOAVb 

Kan-b hh cyiu,ecTBeHeHT> Bonpocb o rfexb MyBCTBaxb, cb ko- 

TOpblMH JIHMHblft COCTaBb BaJITJHCKarO OjIOTa npHHHJIb B-BCTb 

na3HaMeHiH HOBaro KoMaHAViomaro, em,e 6o;ibe Ba>KHbiMb ajih 
tro jihwhoh xapaKTepHCTHKH npeACTaBjiHeTCH ero coGctbchhuh 
B3iviHAb Ha B03^0)KeHHyK) Ha ero, npaBAa oweHb Kp-fenKia, njienH, 
TH^ejiyio h OTBtTCTBeHHyio nepe^b Poahhoh h npecTOJiOMb 
Homy. 

HaHjiymHHMb oTB-BTOMb Ha 3to Moryrb c^y>KHTb ero c/iOBa, 
EbicKa3aHHbiH Bb MacTHOM"b pa3roBopt co mhok), KorAa y Hero Ht 

MOr^IO 6bITb eil(e H MblCJIH O CBOeMb CoScTBeHHOMb B03BbIlHeHiH 

na CTOJib BbicoKifi nocTb. Bonpocb pa3CMaxpHBajicH hhcto ot- 
BJieqeHHo. 

«KoMaHAyiOIUiH tpJIOTOMb Bb HaiUe BpeMH, TOBOpH^b OHb — r 

VHce He TOTb tp^iOTOBOAeub. KOTopMH TOJibKO BeAerb ero Bb Soft, 
a TOTb, KOTopbift roTOBHTb eiuy no6bAV, ee opraHH3yerb. H no- 
TOMy OHb, npex<Ae Bcero flOTDKErTb BblTb OPrAHH3ATO- 
POMT>». 

BblJIO JIH Bb 3T0H MblCJIH, MTO JIH60 paAHKajIbHO HOBOe? Ko- 

newHo H-BTb. BbAb ya<e bo BpeiweHa napycHaro cpjiOTa HaxHMOBb 
bck) 3ac;iyry CBoero ycn-fexa Bb cjiaBHOMb CHiioncKOMb 6ok> ot- 
KpuTO h 6e3KopbicTHo OTAaBa.Yb T^aBHOMy KoManAHpy Mepno- 
MopcKoro <t>JiOTa h OopTOBb aAMHpa^y Jla3apeBy hmchho noTO- 
,\iy, hto TOTb cBOHMb BocnHTaHieMb jiHHuaro cocTaBa, coAepiKa- 
iiieMb Bb SoeBofl totobhocth KopaGjieft h 3a6oToft o cna6>Keniii 
acKaApu no BCBMb HacTHMb, nojio>KHJib TBepAoe ocHOBaine yc- 
ntxy CBoero cpJiOTa. 

Ta me orpoMHan 3acjiyra nepeA'b BajmikKHMb <t>JioTOM'b 
npnHaA^ie>Kajia aAMHpa^iy H. O. ScceHy, nepeAb> naMHTbio koto- 
paro HeneHHHb SjiaroroBtjib. 

H Bce-TaKH Aajieno ne KamAOMy MopcKOMy ocpHuepy 6bi.no 

JICrKO OXBaTHTb Bb TO BpeMH 9Ty MblCJIb BO BCefl eH nOJIHOTb. 

06pa3bi MaKapoBa h Toro, ahhho BeAuiHXb cboh acKaApw bi. 
Goft, 3aTMeBa^H HXb ace co6cTBeHHyio opraHH3auioHHyro pa6oTy 
T-BMb Gojitie, mto RiHpoKOMy ynacTiio Bb Hefl co ctopohh nep- 
Baro, Bb nepioA'b ero A"BHTejibH0CTH Ha nocTy HiaBHaro KoMaH- 
A«pa KpoHLUTaATCKaro IlopTa, neH'rpajibHbiH ywpoKAemH mhhh- 
CTepcTBa ne AaBajiH Mtcra. 

92 



TojibKO HCTopin 6opi»6i>i na oi<eancKHX'b npocropax-b Bcero 
3einHoro uiapa bo irropyio MipoByio BOHHy cb nojiHOH oweBHA- 
nocTbK) 9to BbiHBH^a, Han6oji"ke HpKO CKa3aBuiHCb na onepaujax'b 
ipjioTa Coe,a.HHeHHbix"b LLh'aTOB'b AiviepHKH bt> 6opb6-fe cb nnoH- 
ckhmtj. BjiecTHiuin A^HCTBin pa36pocanHbix-b no Bceiwy jioHy Th- 
xaro OKeaHa 3CKaAP"b, OTpHAOB-b, noABOAHi>ixT> .ioaoktj h aBia- 
HOCueB-b, co3AaBaH 6oeByro a/iaBy BeAiuHxis Hx-b aAMHpajioB'b h 

KOMaHAHpOBl. OAHHOHHblX'b CyAOB"b, 6bIJIH JIHIlIb napTJHMH OT- 

.TBJibHbix-b h rpynnoBi.ix'b HHCxpyMeHTOB'b orpoMHaro opKCCTpa 

BCAUIHXCH npeKpaCHblMH KOHUepTMeftCTpaMH H C0JIHCT3MH. MA- 

raqECKAH >ke nA./ioqKA umpvdkepa. cjihbaioihah bcb 

IlHCTPyMEHTbl BTs OJW OBIUyiO TAPMOHIK), HeH3M-BH- 
ho oCTaBajiacb bt> pyKax-b KOMAHflyiOIUArO OJIOTOMTj, 
OPrAHM30BABlUArO nOB-B^y BCBMH BOEBblMH H BCIIO- 
MOrATEJIbHblMH CPEflCTBAMH THXOOKEAHCKArO <J>JIO- 
TA AMEPHKH . 

3to noimjia iici crpana h B03AaJia AAMMPAJiy HHMHU'b 
ipiyM(lTb HapaBHt c-b rJIABHOKOMAHZiyiOIUHMTs bcbmh ch- 
.iaMH A"BHCTBOBaBiiiHMH npoTHBb flnoHiH rEHEPAJlOJVTb 

MAKT> - APTyPl. . 



HCTOPlfl HA3HAHEHM. 

3Ha;iH jih KaHMH-b h caiwb HeneHHH'b o npcACTOHmefi civrbirh 

KOMaHAOBaHJH 4>JIOTOMT3? 

OtB-BTTj Ha 9TOTT3 BOIipOCb acH-fee Bcero AaiOT-b BOCnOMHIia- 

hjh OAHoro H3"b MHHOB-b LLhraSa OjioTa Kan. 2 p. <f>. K). JloBKOHTa, 
3aHHMaBuiaro noonepeAHO aojdkhocth HcTopiorpacpa h <J>Jiarb- 
OcpHuepa OnepaTHBHaro OTA"B;ia *). 

FIpH BcceH^ OnepaTHBHbift OTA'kvi'b, bo rviaB'b KOToparo 
CTOHJib Ojiarb-KanHTaH-b A. B. KojmaK'b, nojiy^aa orb KoMaH- 
aviomaro ocHOBHyio Mbicjib njiaHa toh hjih hhoh onepauJH, npo- 
h3boah^Td AeTa^bHyw pa3pa6oTKy en BbinojineHin. TaKt, HanpH- 
Mtpia, y>Ke ao bohhbi HMi. 6i>ijih BunojiHeHbi riJiaHbi U,eHTpajib- 
hoh, <&^aHroBOH-LlIxepHOH A6o 0;iaHACKOH-no3HU,iH, a bo BpeMH 
en nocTaHOBOK-b mkhhuxtj 3arpa>KAeHiH y repMaHCKHx-b 6epe- 

TOBTa, A^HCTBiH nOA^IOAOKTj Ha nyTHXTa npOTHBHHKa, oSopoHbi 



*) IlHCBMa aBTopy 24-7-56 r. h 24-11-56 r. 

93 



Pn>KCKaro 3ajiHBa cb yrayCaeirieM'b Mooii3yHAa, co3AanieMb 6a- 

3bl Bb PorOKK)JIb H T. n. fLiaHbl 9TH H3M"BHHJIHCb H AOnOJIHHJIHCb 
fib COOTBbTCTBiH Cb A'EHCTBiflMH npOTHBHHKa H COIViaCHO Cb 

VKa3aHiHMH KoiwaHAyioiuaro, npeAOCTaBJiHBUiaro Ota^y Bbipa- 
6oTKy AeTajiefl. 

3aMbHHBmift 3cceHa a,a,Mnpajib KaHHHb, SyAy^H oiyiHMHbiMb 
icxHHKOMb MHHHaro A~fe.ua, bcc CBoe BHHMaHie oT^aBajib eft, jihh- 
i-io, BMbCTb co cneuiajiHCTaiwH LLlTa6a, pa3pa6aTbiBaa n;iaHbr ct- 

lefl, npOeKTbl MHHb h t. n. 

OnepaTHBHaa h pa3Bl3AOHHaH Mac™ LLTraSa paooTa™ co- 
BepmeHHO caMOCTOHTC/ibHO, ne nojiynaa orb KoMaHAyiomaro hh 
,THpei<THBb hh AaKe , pyKOBOAamHXb yKa3aniH. H, cb Ha3Ha^e- 
nieMb Ko^maKa HanajibHHKOMb Mhhiioh ,D,HBH3ieH, 3aM"BHHBinin 
ero Bb aoji>khocth Ojiarb-KanHTaHa Kan. 1 p. kh. M. B. McpKac- 
ckjh 6bijib nocTaBjieHb Bb BecbMa Tpyzmoe nojio>KeHie. Bctea- 
CTBie OTcyTCTBin y KoMaH^yiomaro 9Heprin h onepaTHBuoii bo.ih 
Kb 6opb6fe 3a HHHuiaTHBy AfencTBift Kb BbinojmeHiio pa3pa6aTbi- 
baeiwbixb onepaTHBHOH qacTbio onepaujft, aBTopurcTb ero «He- 
ycTaHHO naAa;ib». 

Bb qacTHocTH 3to oco6chho cKa3a,iqcb Ha naawk JIHMHO 
3AZiyMAHHOMT3 rOCy^APEMT) KpynHofi AecaiiTnoii onepa- 

UJH Bb PH>KCKOMb 3aJIHBb Bb 1916-IWb rOAy. 

IljiaHb 3TOTb 6i>uib TinaTejibno pa3pa6oTanb OnepaTHBiioii 
MacTbio OjioTa cobm-bctho ct> OnepaTHBHbiMb OTAfe-ioM-b CTaB- 

KH (IIOJIK. BepXOBCKiH H Kan. 2 p. JJOBKOHTb). IXjltt BbinOJlHCHiil 

ero 6wjib ccpopMHpoBaHb KpynHWH Aecain-nbiii oTpHAb noAb 
KoiwaHAOH reHepajia TypKO h LLlTa6oMb <t>JioTa 3aroTOB.;ieni,i 
hvjkhhh juifl ero BbicaAKH cyAa h njioBy-iin cpeACTBa. 

OAHaKO Kb BMnOJTHeHl'K) ero BblHBHJIOCb nOJIHOC «OTCVTCT- 

Bie bojih». KaKb HaqajibHHK-b .ZJecaHTa reHepajib TypKo, TaKb 
h KoMaHAyiomift 0,/iOTOMb, MO>KeTb 6biTb onacaHCb otb-etctbch- 
hocth Bb cjiynab HeyAann stoto CMbJiaro h, KOHenHO, He jih- 
meHHaro pncKa npeAnpiflTia «BejiH a"bjio Ha OTKJiaAb», Bb pe- 
3yjibTaT"B nero Aa,/i"Be oahoh «peneTHniH» 9toh onepauJH oho 
He nomjio *). H Bb MopcKOMb ynpaBjiemn CTaBKH sto BH3biBa- 
,no HeyAOBOJibCTBie. 



*) Cobbtcmh jtoeHHHH nnoaTejt JaHHJOB'B bt, CTariE "CMiraaHHSH onepanii 
3916 rofla" xapaKTepnsyera ee KaKt "ofipaaeivb B3Bl>nieiniaro pncita". Penennris 
DTa orpaHH'iHJiacB nocasKoii ReccftHTa na cysa bt> Puri. B. J. 

94 



3T0 HeAOBOJIbCTBO OTCyTCTBieM"b «OrHH» B'b KOMaHA>'K)IUCMT> 

^jiOTOM-b ycHjiHBajiocb eme h r-EM-b 6e3noKOHCTBOM-b, KOTopoe 
BH3Ba«iH npH3HaKH HaMaBiueftcH AeMopajiH3auiH B-b cpeA"E ko- 

MaHA"b H'EKOTOpblX'b H3TJ BCTynHBLUHX-b B'b CTpOH H OCTaBaBUJHXCH 

Bt no^HOMT> 6e3A"bHCTBiH hobmxtj jiHHeHHbixTa KopaQjieft. Ko- 

HeMHO, 9TO HB^eHie B'b 3HaMHTe^bHOH Mtpt HBJIHJIOCb pe3V^IbTa- 

tomtj orpaHHHeHin cBbiiue npaB-b KoMaH/tyiomaro OjiOTOiwb nyc- 
KaTb hxtj B"b aKTHBHbiH onepauJH 6e3Tj ocoSaro na to pa3p"b- 
meHiH. Bee >Ke h OTcyTCTBie ^hhhoh HHHuiaTHBbi cb ero cropo- 
Hbi, bt> cbok) onepeAb, 9TOMy cnocoScTBOBajio. 

CpaBHHTejibHo He3HaHHTejibHbiH caiwb no ceSt cjiyMaii na- 

pyilieHiH AHCUHnJIHHbl Ha OAHOlWb H3"b STHXTj CyAOBTj B'b BHA"B 

caMOBo^bHaro BbixoAa KOMaHAbi bo cppoHTb juin AeMoncrpaTHB- 
naro 3aHBjieHiH npe-reH3iH Ha «nHiuy», cjihuikomt^ hpko HanoMH- 
MaBiuiH, OAHaKO, MeTOAW B036y>KAeHiH, npHiwBHHBiLiiecfl Ha ko- 
paS.iHX-b arHTaTopaMH B'b ahh KpoBaBbix-b co6biTift 1906-ro roAa, 
Bbi3Ba.Tb iia Bepxaxi) TpeBory *). H KpafiHHH MarKOCTb npHHsi- 

THXTj KOMaHAyiOIUHM'b IWEp-b MOrjia CTaBHTbCH eMy B'b BHHy. 

BcnoMHHajiacb aHeprin npoHBjieHHan B'b cboc BpeMH 3cceH0M"b, 
BocTpeMOM'b, PycHHbiiwb, repacHMOBbHvfb h ap>thmh aAMHpa,7ia- 
mh h KoiwaHAHpaMH qacrefi h cyAOB-b BajiTiftcKaro <t>./iOTa, AaB- 
uian 6^ecTHuue pe3yjibTaTH. MyBCTBOBajiacb Heo6xoAHMOCTb no- 
cTaBHTb h Tenepb bo iviaB-B ero nejiOB'EKa SHeprHMHaro, o6jiaAa- 
lomaro HHHuiaTHBoi'i h, rjiaBHoe, )Keji-B3HOH BOJieft. 

K'b HecTH aAMHpajia KaHHHa HaAO CKa3aTb, mto caivn. om», 
6i.iTb iwowerb co3HaBan HeAOCTaTOK-b 9THX"fa KaMecTB-b B'b ce6"fe, 
TorAa me npocHjrb o cbocmtj yBOJibneHJH orb aojdkhocth, ho 
noieMy-TO 9Ta npocbSa He 6biJia yBa>KeHa. B-kpH-Ee Bcero, mto 
CTaBKa He Morjia oKOHwaTejibHo p-feniHTb Bonpocb o ero npeeM- 

HHK+3. 

OKOHMATEJlbHblH >KE CflBHFb B'b STOJWb /nyit. 
BHnAJIT> HA ROJIK) TPYnnbl MO/IO.HblX'b 0<DHUEPOBT> 
- nPEACTABHTEJlEH TEMEHIfl HCKABUIArO AKTHBHOH 
BOPbBbI Cb BPArOAVb. 

CpeAH npeACTaBHTe^eft OjioTa B'b LUTa6ax-b BepxoBHaro 
T^aBHOKOMaHAyfoiuaro h DiaBHOKOMaHAyKHuaro C'bBepHbiM'b 



*) 06l 3T0MI CBHfltTeJIBCTByeTl KOHTpi-ajM. A. J, By6H0Bi Bl CBOefl KHHrt 

'Bt n,apcKOH OraBKi" ; cTp. 221. fl.3fl. HsieHn T IexoBa. Hbm IopKi. 

95 



<t>pOHTOM'b HM'fejIOCb HC MHJIO OtflHUCpOB'b, JIHHHO, no CBOeft CJlV'Ai ■ 

Ct B'b MopcKOM'b FeHepajibHoiwh UlraG-B B'b roABi, npeAinecTBO- 

BaBLUie BOHtTB, HM'EBIIIHX'b B03MO»CHOCTb Ha6jIK)AaTb H OU'EHHTb 

pa6oTocnoco6HocTb, yiwb h BOJieBbiH KanecTBa HeneHHHa. 

M Kor^a B'b UapcKOH CTaBK-fe noAHHMajicn Bonpocb o bo3- 

MO>KHOM'b npeeMHHK"B aAMHpajia KaHHHa H^KOTOpbie H3"b HHXT>, 

ne o6HHyHCb, Ha3biBa;iH hmh HeneHHHa. TaK-b, HanpHM'fcp'b, aA- 
MHpajrb A. H. PycHHT> jihhho pa3CKa3biBajrb b^ob-b HeneHHHa 
npH BCTp-feq-fe ctj Hero bo <J>paHnin, KaK-b 0AHa>KAbi, npH o6cy>KAe- 
Hin B03MO)KHbix'b KanAHAaTOB-b, coctohbuuh npH UJTa6-fe TjiaB- 
HOKOivraHAyroinaro UJecToft Apiwin, Kan. 1 p. B. AjibTcpaTep-b boc- 
KjiHKHyji'b: «KaK'b koto Ha3HanHTb? y Hacb TOJibKO oahht> h ecTb 
KaHAHAari) B'b KoMa.HAyioinie OjioxoM'b — aAMHpaji-b Hene- 

HHH"b!» *). 

HaAO nojiaraTb, mto tski, hjih HHane Bee 3to aoxoahjio h 
ao caiworo HeneHHHa. JIjih Hero, 3naBmaro Aa>Ke HaM-bpemH 
Bpara ne moivio, kohchho, yKpwTbCH to, hto roBoparb B'b pyc- 
CKnx-b mTa6ax-b Apy)KecTBeHHbie eiwy jihoah. OAHaKO, KaK-b noKa- 
■saAH AajibH-fenmiH co6biTiH, oht>, bhahmo, He npHAaBa^rb TaKoro 
poAa pa3roBopaM-b cepbe3Haro 3HaqemH. 

H mo>kho Ayiviaib, hto HHHero noc^+oAyromaro h ne hmtwio 
oh M r BCTa ecjin 6i>i B'b a^to He 6uji'b BTHfiyrb caiwb OneparaB- 
Hbifi OTA^Tb IIlTa6a KoMaHAyrou;aro OjiOTOiwb, noSywAaeMbifi 

KT> 3T0My Bbipa3HTejieM"b HaCTpoeHift B'b CpeA"b MOJIOAblX-b OCpH- 

uepoB-b 6a3Hpyroui,HxcH Ha PeBejib nacTefl, ct. jieHT-oiwb A. A. 

CaKOBHHeM'b **). 

BcKop-fe no HasHaneHiro KojmaKa KoMaHAyromniw-b MepHO- 

MOpCKHIWb <t>JIOTOM"b, pa3CKa3MBaerb jJ,OBKOHTb ***) CaKOBHM"b, 

npitxaB-b B'b TejibCHHr^opcb, Hanajrb Ha MepKaccKaro. PeHrap- 
xeHa n JIoBKOHTa. «Bw oTB-BTCTBeHHbi 3a 6yAymifl pasBajrb* ro- 
BopH^Tb OH-b HM"b. «Bbi naccHBHH. Bw HMwero He npeAnpHHHMa- 
CTe. By6HOB-b ****) AtftcTBOBajTb h MepHoe Mope HM-feerb Koji- 
MaKa. A bh?» 



*) BocuoMHHaiiin 0. li. HeneHBHOit. IIholmo amopy ;il-l-55 r. 

**) A. A. CaKOEH'ii 6mjii OfliiHMb w.Vh jUiyxi, mo.kvii.ix'l oifjimcpom. noma;i;en- 
hmx'i. oyiiTOnmm;aMH bo speita BoacTamH na "IlaMHTH AaoBa" bt> 1916 r. BMicrt ci 
H. E. KpHStaHOBCKHKS. Becbua b^pohtho, >ito nakan oot rtxi. THiKe.ibixi, nepeacH- 
BiiiiiflXTi jtorja ooo6eHHo ooTpo pearnpoBaTt na cmraTOMib pa3Jio:KeHia bt> KOMaHjaxt 
h nooyflMa ero ^ftciBOBaTii. Ho bto Bcero jihieb jioe jiimnoe npefluo.io}i;eme. B. X 

***) IIhoimo aBTopy 24-11-56 r. 

»***) Kan. 1 p. A. J. By6noB'i> — EB^aBiuiii T JepHOMopcKHM'b TeaTpoMi Bt 
CiaBiii. 

96 



3th ynpchH npoH3BCJiH 6"oAbinoe BneMaT.7ihnic a, no Tiua- 

TClbHOM'b 06c>>KJ.eHiH 06CTaH0BKH, ohh eAHHorjiacHo npHUI^H 

ktj 3aKJiK)MeHiio, hto KpHTHKa CaKOBHMa B-fepHa h hmtj hcoSxo- 

AHMO XBHCTBOBaTb. 

MepKaccKirt ct> PcnrapTeHOMi> orapaBH^HCb B'b PeBC/ib aah 
,iiiMHbixT> neperoBopoBij cb HeneHHHbiivrb. .ZJoBKOHrb >Ke ocra- 
Ha.icH btj FcibCHHrcpopcB, BC/TEACTBie nero noztpo6HOCTeft stoh, 
CTOJib Ba>KHOH, 6ecBAH h, rviaBHoe, jihhhhxtj Bnewaivi'BHiH 06'b 
OTHOiueHiH K"b A"bviy HeneHHHa y Hero He coxpaHHJiocb, 3a hc- 
K.iK)MeHieM-b Toro, hto HEnEHHHA «yrOBOPHJ!M COE/IA- 
CHTbCfl HPMHflTb <$>JlOTb». Ho h 3-Toro AOcraroHHO, hto6i.i 

IIOHHTb Cb KaKHIWb KOJieSaHJeMTD p-BUJHJICH OH"b Ha BHCTaBJieHie 
CBOei'l KaHAHAaTypbl Ha CTOJib OTBTiTCTBeHHblH IIOCTb. 

Ilo B03BpameniH HepKaccKaro h PeHrapTCHa B-b UJrafrb hmh, 

COBiWECTHO CT> JI.OBKOHTOM'b 6bkTb COCTaBJieH'b OIlEPATHBHblH 

JiOKJlAJXb CTABK-b BEPXOBHArO rJIABHOKOMAHflyiO- 
IUArO cb H3^o>KeHieM-D npHHHii'b Heo6xo^HiwocTH 3aM"BHi>i Ka- 
HHHa HenenHHi^iM-b a^h ero ocymecTBJieHiH. .II.OKJiaA'b 3Torb hc- 
m(j;vih Sbijiij oTnpaBJieHTa T>'Aa cb cpJiarb-ocpHuepoM'b. H, oaho- 
BpeueHHO cb rfeM-b, Kaicb nocn-kAHift Bpywa.Tb ero B'b MorH-ieB-b, 
"^epKaccKift noAa.Tb panopT-b h KaHHHy. 

«CiaBKa pearHposajia Heo>KHAaHHbiM'b o6pa30iwb, - - tobo- 
pHT-b XtoBKOHTb. — cm-bhhh KaHHHa 6e3"b npeABapH-rejibHaro Cb 
hhmtj pa3roBopa. 3a ABa iwfecHua ao 9Toro caiwb KanHH-b npo- 
cn.Tb 06'b yBO^bHeHiH . . . h Tenepb Sbijio 6bi He tpvaho nojiy- 
MHTb ero corjiacie . . . Mbi Shjih nopa>KeHbi ... ho AOBOJibHbi . . . 
HeneHHH-b 3Hajib HameM-b uiarE». 

HraK-b, HeneHHH-b 6um> B-b Kypcfe npeAnpHHHTbix-b MHHaMH 
OnepaTHBHaro OTA'fe.'ia maroB"b K-b ero coScrBenHOMy BbicoKOMy 
Ha3HaweHiio. Ho caiwb ahmho B-b STOM-b A-BJit HHKaKoro yHacrifl 
ne npHHHMaji-b h HHHuiaTHBa HexoAH^a He OTb nero. 

A 3HATb, KaK"b ki STOMy A"bviy OTHecyrcH t-b orb Koro sto 
Bceu-fejio 3aBHCBJio OH-b h, noAaBHo, HE MOFb. 

CaMbift nopaAOK-b 3Toro na3HaqeHiH, 3a OTcy-rcrBieM-b B-b 

p\KaX-b nOA.IHIIHUX-b AOKVMeHTOB-b, VCTaHOBHTb TpyAHO. Ho 

CBHAtTe^bCTBy KOHTp-b-aAMHpa;ia A. JX. 5y6HOBa bcb A-BJia no 
oa.iTiflcKOMy TeaTpy, iioA^HHeHHOMy EjiaBHOKOMaHAViomeMy 6-ft 
ApiwiH, HaxoAH^ncb B'b B-BAeHiH Kan. 1 p. AjibTCpa-repa, 6biBiuaro 
B-b ne-rporpaA-E h ao CTaBKH aoxoahah jiHinb Bonpocw Bbicuia- 
10 onepaTHBHaro ynpaBJieHin h Ha3HaweHia Ha Bbicuiia KOMaHA- 

HblH AOJDKHOCTH. B'b STHXTj CJiyHaHXTa AjIbTCpaxep-b npJ-B3>KaA-b 

97 

M3 7 



B'b CTaBKy Cb COOTBbTCTByjOmHMb AOKMAOMb, KOTOpblH nO,T- 
HOCHJTb ToCyAapK) aAMHpajIb PyCHHT>, 06bIKH0BeHH0 Bb npHCVT- 

ctbjh MopcKoro MHHHCTpa. «TaK"b 6hjio h npH ciwbh-b a^MHpajia 
KaHHHa . . . Bhjio jih bt> AOKJiaA^ npeAycMOTp-EHO KpoMb 1 A. H. 

HeneHHHa HbTKC/IbKO APyrHXb KaHAHAaTOBb MHTj HeH3BbCTHO, 
HO AjIbTCpaTep-b MH"E A"BHCTBHTe,7IbHO rOBOpHJIb, HTO KpOMb A. H. 

HeneHHHa HHKoro jiymuaro Hbrb» *). 

AflbTCpaTepb, KaKb MH-fe XOpOUlO H3B-BCTH0 H3b ^HHHblXb 

ero c^obt>, eme Bb Ty nopy, KorAa HeneHHHb paSoTajib npn 
MopcKOMb> TeHepaJibHOMb LLFTaQ-B, npoHHKCH r,/iy6oKHM'b yBa- 
^KeHieM-b Kb SHepriH, TpyAocnocoSHOCTH h tbcpaocth xapaKTepa 
HeneHHHa, h, hm-bh 6ojibiuoe BJiinme Ha aAMHpajia PycnHa, jik>- 
SHBHiaro ero 3a TpyAocnoco6HocTb h npaMOTy cnjibHaro xapaK- 
Tepa, AOJiJKeHb. SbiJi-b cbirpaTb B'b pbineHin Bonpoca o Ha3Hane- 
hjh He Majiyio pojib. 

Bee me p-fcinaioinee 3Ha4eme npHHa^.ieKa^o, pasyiwBeTCH 
MopcKOMy MHHHCTpy, kt> KOTopoiwy TocyAapb othochjich cb or- 

pOMHblMTb AOB-EpieMbi. 

ToBopHjiH, 6y^TO 6bi, KaKb sto o6bmHO A^ajiocb. TpHro- 
pOBHHeMb h Ha STOMb AOKjiaA"B 6hjih npeACTaBJieHbi TocyAapro 
TpH HMeHH KaHAHAaTOB-b Ha m-bcto aAMHpajia KaHHHa. npoBb- 
pHTb 3to He yAa,/iocb. Jla h, bo BCHKOMb c/iyna'E, HMeHa otkjio- 
HeHHbixb HHKorAa He or^amajiHCb, hto6w He B036y>KAaTb hh- 

KaKHXb> JIHHHblXb. 06HA"b. 

ECJIH 3TO SblJIO A"BHCTBHTejIbHO TaKb>, TO KaK"b BblCOKH AO.1- 

>khh SbijiH 6biTb OH"BHKa 3acjiyrb h HaAe>KAa Ha cnoco6HOCTb 
HMeHHO HeneHHHa npnroTOBHTb (pjiorb kt> BbinojiHeHiio orpoM- 
Hbixb> HacTynaTe^bHbixb> 3aAaMb>, B03JiaraBiuHxca Ha KaMnamio 
1917--ro roAa, co ctopohh abvxtj 3aHHMaBinHxb. Bbicuiie aAMH- 
HHCTpaTHBHbie nocTbi MopcKoro B-BAOMCTBa jiHUb h Caiworo To- 
cyAapa, mtoSw H36paTb ero npeHMymecTBeHHO nepeAb> mhoi"hmh 

APyrHMH AOCTOHHWMH H OnblTHblMH Bb KOMaHAOBaHJH 6oeBbIMH 

coeAHHeHJHMH cyAOB-b aAMHpajiaMH. 

OneBHAHO OHa tomho coBnaAajia cb temt., hto AyiwajiH o 

HeiWb T-fe H3b> MOJIOAblXb. OCpHU.epOB'b A"BHCTByK)IHarO CpJIOTa, KO- 

Topwe Hecjin TpyAHyio h oTBtTCTBeHHyio pa6oTy AeTajibHoft op- 
raHH3auiH Bcfexb. 3jieMeHTOBb> MopcKHXb Chjitd BajiTiflcKaro 
Mopn a^ih npeACTonmeft 6opb6bi. 



*) K,-A. A. fl. By6H0Bi. IIhcbmo aBTopy 25-10-60 r. 
98 



IUTABTj OJIOTA. 

ToTiacb no BCTynaeHHi HeneHHHa bi. jiojimnocrb bcb tph 
"(jmuepa OnepaTHBHofl Mac™ ero LLPrafia — MepKaccKift, Pen- 

iapTCH'b H JlOBKOUTb, HM^SI BTj BHJiy, ^0 ClViy SblJIO HSB-BCTHO 
oSl) HXTj pOJIH BTj ^%JI'fe ero Ha3HaHeHJH, p-BIUHJIH, MTO HlWb Ha^- 
/ICJKHT'b yHTH CO CBOHXT> nOCTOB'b, WTOSbl H36aBHTb CrO OTb 

meKOTJiHBaro nojioweHJH Bt OTHOLuemH pa6oTaBniHx , b B"b ero 
HHTepecax'b no.o.HHHeHHbix'b. H cb stoh uluibK) ohh noo/iHH04HO 

06paTHJIHCb K"b Heiwy Cb npOCb6oft OTnyCTHTb HXT> «B-b CTpOH». 

«MorjiH jih mw nocTyriHTb HHaMe?» — cnpaiuHBaerb ce6n 
ZZoBKOHTb *). Pa3yM-BeTCH H-BT'b. Hxtj pojib btj ero H33HaweHiH 

CMy 6bTJia XOpOUIO H3BT)CTHa H OHTj MOI"b nO^OSp-BBaTb 0)KH^a- 

Hie cb HX"b ctopohw H-BKOToparo qyBCTBa 6jiaroaapHocTH, MTO 

OMeHb TH>KejIO OTpa3HJIOCb 6bl Ha HX"b B3aHM00TH0IIieHiHX'b, JIH- 
IIIHB'b HX"b TOH HCKpeHHOCTH, 6e3"b KOTOpOH TECHOe COTpyflHH- 

vecTBO ero cb mo3toboh tojiobkoh uiTa6a — onepaTHBHbiM'b 
I'nnapaTOM'b — CTajio 6m HeMbicjiHMbiivrb. 

HeneHHH'b, BM3BaB"b bcbxtj Tpex-b, jia.Ji"b Hiwb o6mift OTB-ferb: 
«Bm B-b KypcE atwia, a h 3A"bcb bhob-b. Mh-b 6e3i> Bacb SyAerb 
Tpy-zwo. Ho H 6y^y Tpe6oBaTb orb Bacb Sojibiue H'feM'b orb 
apyrmeb. H Baiwb He jiawh no6jia>KKH. CzmaKo h noHHMaio, mto 
icb Heonpea-fejieHHOCTH nojioMceHin HM-BBUiaro m-bcto 3jx^ch bh 
ycTa.iH. H jiawb Baivrb OTnycicb Ha KpaTKoe Bpeivra no3,aHBe 
oceHbio no onepeAH» •*). 

3Torb OTB'feT'b paspa/iHJi'b HanpajKeHHyro aTMOCtpepy h tc- 
MeHie onepaTHBHoft pa6oTbi npcuojuKajiocb 6e3T> MajrbHiiiaro 
nepepbiBa, npH Meiwb ZJoBKOHTb 6biji'b ocBo6o>KAeH'b orb pa6o- 
ti>i HCTopiorpacpa. 

BoJibuiHXTD nepeM'BH'b bt> jihmhomtj cocTaB-fe lllTa6a boo6iuc 
He npoH30uuio. Bmjih Ha3Ha^eHbi oahhtj hjih ab& HOBbix'b mojio- 
Abixt (pJianb-ocpHuepa, h no3AH'Be (pJiarMaHCKHivrb ap-rajijiepH- 
CTOM-b cTajiij Kan. 2 p. OcuneBCKift, CM-BHHBUiiH. bt> qeiwb to He- 
noJiaAHBUiaro ch KoMaH.ayiomHM'b, Kan. 1 p. HrHaTbeBa, otko- 
MaHAnpoBaHnaro bt> DiaBHoe ApTHJiJiepiftcKoe ynpaBjieme Mh- 
HHCTepcTBa, rA"b ero TexHHHecKia no3HaHia flfena. MorjiH 6biTb 
upHiWEHeHbi ctj 6oJibiHeH nojib3ofl. «Moe BneqaTji-BHie, — tobo- 

piiTTj JlOBKOHTb, HTO BOo6me 111x3615 dbljlt AOBOJieH"b» ***). 



*) IIhcemo aBTopy 24-11-56. 
**) h ***) Tasn. iKe. 



99 



FIpHBCueHHOMy Buiiie pa3CKa3y HoBKOHta npe^mecTBo- 

BaJITj, OAHaKO. HMtBllliH 1WBCTO B"b LLlTa6t Cjiy>K6bI CBH3H BTj 

PeBe^-B pa3roBop"b HeneHHHa co mhokj, o KOTopoiwb n ymc 
BRpaTut roBopHji-b na CTpaHHixax-b dWopcKHx-b 3anHC0KTj» bi> 
j948-mi> roAy, bid CBOHx-b BocnoMHHaHinx'b o6i> ABiauiH Ba.i- 
TiftcKaro Mopn *). 

no CBoeMi> Ha3HaMeHiH KoMaHAyrom.HM'b ipjioTOM'b Hene- 
hhhtj npejKAe Bcero Bbinie./i'b Ha MHHOHOcut bt> Phwckjh 3a.iHB"b 
jijih nocBmemH AtHCTByfomnx-b B-b hcmi. Kopa6jiefl, B03Ayui- 
iibixt cTaHuift h cTpoHHieftcH Ha Uepejrfe 12" 6aTapeH, o6jiacKaBT> 

BCBXTj C"b OAHOMy dwy CBOHCTBeHHOH AyHieBHOCTbH). 

BepHyBUJHCb BTd PeBC/Ib OHTd BbI3BajI'b MeHfl BT3 UJTa6l> C.'IV>K- 

6h Cbh3h, rAt, cb rjia3y-Ha-r.Jia3'b, Me>KAy HaMH HMtwi-b witcTo 
c^tAyiomift pa3roBopTj. 

«PaHbuie a BcerAa HMta B-b BHAy nepeAaTb C/iy>K6y Cbh3H 

BaM"b», TOBOpHJI'b OWh. «Ho, KOHeMHO, Bbl CaMH HOHHMaeTe, 

i ito btj HacTOflu;HX'b yc^oBiHX'b 3to HeB03MO)KHO. MnxaH^-b FL/ia- 

TOHOBHH-b (/JaBblAOB-b 6bIBLUifl erO nOMOHJ.HHKOM'b. 5. £[.) BT> 

nO.TIHOM'b KypCB A"B^ia H OH-b OAHHTj MOJKerb npOAOJI>KaTb BeCTH 

ero 6e3T. nepepbiBa. A Baivrb h npeA^araio 3aHHTb aojdkhocti> 
<t>jian>-KanHTaHa no OnepaTHBHofl Mac™ B-b MoeMi LUTa6'B cb 

npOHSBOACTBOM-b B"b KOHTpT>-aAMHpa^bI». 

Ct> MHHyTy noAyMaBb h OTBliTHji'b, mto KpaflHe npH3HaTe- 
jieH-b eiwy 3a npeAJioweme TaKoro BbicoKaro nocTa, ho, no co- 
btcTH, AOJiJKeH'b CKa3aTb, hto ec,7iH oht> npHKawerb, to, pasyM'fe- 
ctch, a npHKa3aHie AOJOKeHt 6yay ncnoJiHHTb. Ho earn ohtj cnpa- 

IJJHBaeT'b XOWy JIH H STOrO, TO H AO./DKeH'b OTB"BTHTb OTpHU,a- 

TejibHO. Bo-nepBbix'b, noTOiwy, mto BCHKaH LHTaSHaa A"fcflTe.Tb- 
HOCTb MH-fe He no cepAUy. MeHH BcerAa npHB-ieKajia cnyM6a crpo- 
eBan h noTOMy, no OKOHwamH AKaAeMin h OTKJioHHjrb npeAJio- 
iKeHin MopcKoro TeHepajibHaro LLh-a6a h IilTa6a BajiTiftcKaro 
OjiOTa BCTynHTb B"b Hxt cocTaB-b. SartM-b 3a nerape roAa pa- 
6oth no co3AaHiio ABiauiH BajiTiflcKaro Mopn h ct> HeK) okhjich. 
H Tenepb, KorAa OHa, co-AHH-Ha AeHb, AOJi>KHa CTaTb OTA^JibHOH 

B03AyUJH0H flHBH3iefi O/IOTa. VHTH H3b 3T0H OOCBOH MaCTH, 
KOTOpOH npeACTOHTb 6oJIbUiaH 6\'AyLUHOCTb, MH+3 6bMO 6bl 

KpaflHe THiKejio. Kpoiwt Toro <J>./iarb-KanHTaHy, KaK-b noKa3a.Tb 
onbiTb BoiiHbi, Hepi/iKo jiaBajiHCb aKTHBHWH 6oeBHH 3aAaMH npH 



I 



v *) "MopcKia 3anHCKa". Tomi 6 Jfejfil a 2. 
100 



oiiepauinx'b nacTefi cpjioTa. ABTOpHTerb Ko./maKa bi. nrca3ax'b 

KOMaHAOBaBllJHXTj 3THMH MaCTHMH 6bUTb BCCbMa BC/IHK'b H K"b ei"0 

c.ioBy bcb npHCJiyuiHBajiHCb. y mchh we Tanoro aBTopHTera 6biTb 
He MOJKerb. H noTOMy iwoe ynacTie B"b TaKHx-b onepauiHXTb 6bi^o 
6u TOJibKO BpeAHo. B-b jiHut khh3h MepKaccKaro Bbl HM"BeTe 
nepBOKJiaccHaro pa6oTHHKa Ch jihmhoh HHHuiaTHBoft h jiymuaro 
HcnojiHHTejiH BauiHx-b co6cTBeHHbix-b njiaHOB-b h yKa3aHift BaM^ 
He Haft™. ToBopK) 3to He TO^ibKO KaKb ero Apyrt, ho h cbha"b- 
rejib ero pa6ora cb yneHHKaMH KBapTepineficTepaMH Ha «CjiaB-B» 
Bb TeneHiH Tpext Jitrb. bt> pe3yjibTaT-B KOTopoft HBHjiacb ero 
KHHra «MopCKOH FIpaKTHKH*, saiwEHMBLuan KJiaccHHecKoe pyKO- 
boactbo BaxTHHa — nepejKHTOK'b anoxH napycHaro <$JiOTa. Ct> 
nepecpopMHpoBaHieMTs ABiauiH C/iy>K6bi Cbh3H B-b JXhbh3'ho ■ — 
h 6yAy HaxoAHTbca bt. npaMOM'b rioAWHHeHiH Baiwb. H ea/m 3a- 
cjiymy aToro to h npoH3BOACTBO bt> aAMMpajiu iweHH bt^ CBoe 
BpeMH He MHHyerb, rBM-b 6ojite, mto, no HOBOMy ncJioaceHiio, 
Ao^>KHOCTb HaMa^ibHHKa Bo3AyniHOH Ahbh3jh npeAyciviaTpHBa- 
erb Aa>Ke hhht> BHU,e-AAMHpajia». 

Bbic/iyuiaB-b MeHH h c/ien<a yjibiSHyBuiHCb Ha nocjitsAHia 
cjioBa HeneHHHTb Mo;ma oTBepHyacH Kb oKHy h MHHyTbi ab"b-tph 
GapaSaHMJi-b na^buaMH no creKJiy, bhahmo oSAyMbiBaa p-fcmeHie. 
BApyrb o6epHyjiCH. JIhuo ero nocB'ET./rBJio. «Hy, 6yAb no Ba- 
meMy», — cKa3ajrb oht> h noEajit pyKy. Bonpocb 6bijrb p-fe- 
uieH"b. MepKaccKift h h ocrajiHCb Ha cbohxtj nocrax'b. 

fl TaKl) nOApo6HO OCTaHOBHJICH Ha STOMTj, 6bITb MOiKeTTj 
CJIHIHKOM'b JlHMHOM'b, HHUHAeHTB JIHUIb nOTOMy, MTO OHT> OTMeT- 

.ihbo pncyeTT) HacTpoema no6yAHBiniH ero HCKaTb 3aM"ECTHTe./iH 
MepKaccKOMy. 

HeneHHH'b h caiwb u.-EHH./i-b ero, HecMOTpa Ha cboh, noAnacb 

BCCbMa p-B3KiH Cb HHM"b CTOJIKHOBeHifl Ha a/ry)Ke6HOH nOWB'B. 

BnpoMeMb, to iKe caMoe hm+wio m^bcto h npH KoflHaicB, hto He 

MbUJaJIO 3THMb AByMb, paBHO rOpHHHMTb, JHOAHMb nHTaTb He 

To^bKO nyBCTBa B3aHMHaro yBa>KeHia, ho h HCKpeHHeft Apyw6bi. 
jlawe cpeAH 6oeBbix-b TpyAOB-b He 3a6biBajrb KoMaHAyiourift 
MepHOMopcKHMt O^OTOM"b nocbijiaTb AApiaHy MBaHOBHwy jno- 
GHMbia hmtd rpeMecKia Mac^HHbi *). 

Tenepb paQoTofl OnepaTHBHaro OTA"bJia oht^ xoT-B^rb py- 

KOBOAHTb JIHHHO. M erO, B-fepOHTHO, 6e3nOKOHJ'b Bonpocb — 



*) 0. B. HeueHHua. Ilucmo aBTopy 31-10-55 r. 

101 



HaCKOJibko noHAerb rjiaAKO 3Ta coBM-fecTHaH pa6oTa cb Hejio- 
B'bKOM'b npHBbiKiDHMT^ BecTH 9tv pa6oTy nOHTH coBepuieHHo He- 

3aBHCHMO H, K"b TOMy )Ke, JIHHHO npHKOCHOBCHHOMy KT> A"fejIV 

Ha3HawemH cBoero HOBaro HawajibHHKa. 

3Haa me o Moeii CTapoft h Kp-fenKoft apv^kStj cb L IepKaccKHM'b 

OH"b nOB'fepHJI'b MH'E, MTO B"b erO JIHU'fc OHTj HaHAerb HMCHHO Ta- 

Koro nejioB'BKa, KaKoft eiwy Sbuit Hy^em?, ohi> npeoAOjrEjrb cboh 
coiwH-BHia h Bt pesyjibTarfe mm 06a ocrajiHCb Ha CBOHX-b nocTax-b. 

H Aa-zibtrBHUiee coTpyAHHMecTBo sthxT) AByx-b BbiAaiomHxca 
jiKiAefi bitojih'e ero AOB-fepie onpaBAajio. 



OnEPATMBHAfl PABOTA . 

«HeneHHH'b, HCKjnoHHTejibHbift opraHH3aTopt», rOBOpHTb 
/loBKOHT'b *) «hm-bjit3 Macuna6 r b BpeMeHH». Ero 3aAaHiH SblJIH 
BbinojiHHMH, a cHCTeiwa AOKJiaAOBt h pacnopH^KeHifl no3BOJinjia 
aerKO KOHTpojiHpoBaTb HcnojiHeHo jm npHKa3aHie. Hnnero He 
3a6biBajiocb h He Morjio 6biTb 3a6biTo Taicb Kant cBoeBpeivieHHo 

3a(J)HKCHpOBaJIOCb. OHTj fibl./I'b CHCTeMaTHHeH'b H He H3MaTbIBajIT3 
JIHWHblft 00013613. Bt> LUTaC^ fiblJIH WeTbipe He3aBHCHMbIX'b KaHa- 

jia: Onepauia h PasB-EAKa (BoeHHan h paAio); JIhhhhh CocTaB'b 
PacnopaAHTejibHan MacTb; TexHHKa h CHa6)KeHie; ,ZI,pyriH ,H/BJia 
— (UeHTpajibHbia ynpoKAeHiH, Apiwin, rbcyAapcTBeHHaa JXyMa. 
h np). 3th qacTH Tenepb Majio MemAy co6oio cwcBHiHBajiHCb, 
KaKt 3to hmtb;io m-bcto Aaace npn ScceH-fe. 

ScceH-b h KaHHH-b nocTaBH^H a"bvio cHaomeHiH Ha TaKyio bh- 
coTy, hto «y HeneHHHa rc/iOBa He So^'fejia orb STHxt BonpocoB"b». 

«OH-b OTAaBa./i'b 6ojibiue BpeiweHH onepaTHBHbiM'b fl^jiaub 
h BOJIblllE HA HHXT> BJIIflJITx (KypcHB"b mom. B. R.). Tyi"b 
ObM'b oweHb rtcHbift KOHTaKTi>. Eojibiue 6hjio HHCTpyKHJH m\- 

CTHM'b, OTpHAaM-b, CyAaMT>, 6a3aMT>. CnOKOHHblft Ha'-iaJIbHHK-b 

IB-raCa Majio BJiinji-b Ha xoA"b onepaTHBHofl pa6oTbi. 

Hana./ibHHK'b OnepaTHBHofl nacTH 6burb SHeprHHeirb h ch- 
crcMaTHHeH-b. Om> AeTajibHo «pa3pa6aTbiBaji'b» onepauiH, o6cy>K- 



*) UncLMO aBTopy 24-7-56. 
102 



Aafl H B3B"BlHHBaH o6CTaHOBKy, HO OH"b JHOGHJTb pHAOM'b HM"ETb 

«BAOXHOBHTejiH» (ero Bbipa>KeHie). 

Ecjih ero KpHTHKOBajiH, Tkwh 6ojrBe HeneHHH"b, ohtj hc 
o6n)Kajica. Ohtj CTpacTHo xorbji'b BHA"BTb ero bo rjiaBt (JuoTa . . . 
06a paSoTajiH He noKJiaAaa pytcb. 

IilTa6T3 He UM^ii'b BpeiweHH pa3pa6aTMBaTb «0Tce6HTHHy», 
6yAyMH 3aBajieH-b o6m,eft paSoToft. Ci> nepBaro ahh KajKAbift 
B"b Hewnb eraji'b okcahcbho nojiywaTb CBoe coScTBeHHoe 3aAaHie. 

KOMaHAyiOIHiH AOJDKeH'b 6bIJI-b 3HaTb BCe, HTO npOHCXOAHJIO B0- 

Kpyrc>. Ero HHTepecoBajio Ka«AbiH AeHb, hto A't^aerb tottj hjih 
hhoh Kopa6;ib, Ka>KAoe coo6iueHie o ABH^emnx-b Henpijn-ejiH, 
He btj bha"b KpaTKofi cboakh, a ao MejibMaftiuHx-b noApoSHOCTeft. 

ZloK^aAbi 6buiH pacnpeAtjieHbi no MacaMt, cji-BAyn OAHH'b 
3a ApyrHMt btj nopHAK"B BHyTpeHHeft cbh3h Kpyra B-EAemH na- 
CTeft. npH neM-b KoMaHAyromJH, caiwb npHxoAHJi'b Bt m-bcto pa- 
6oth AaHHaro AOKJiaAHHKa, GaaroAapn neiviy Torb He Tepa-ziTj 
BpeMeHH Ha owHAame Bt «npHeMHofl» h Hicb^ noA"b pyKoft 
bcb CB'BA'BHiH nocTynHBiuia ao nocji'BAHeH MHHyTbi. Ob KoiwaH- 
Aj'KnuHM-b cjitAOBaji-b Ae)KypHbiH cjManb-ocpHu.ep'B cb KapaHAa- 
iHeiwb h SjiOKHOTOM'b. H earn AOKJiaA"b Tpe6oBa^"b KaKoro-HH- 
6yAb pacnopjoKemH — npHKa3-b, AHpeKTHBa, nonpaBKa npeAbi- 
AyiUHX"b npHKa3aHifl — Tyrb jKe 3anHCbiBajiHCb, mo6bi cpa3y no- 
cat AOK^aAa 6biTb otpopMJieHHbiMH btj bha"b paAio, cnrHajia, 
nHCbMa h t. n. 3to Ghjio 04eHb yAo6Ho ajih Bcfex-b. Hnnero He 
Morjio 6biTb 3a6tiTo hjih ynymeHo h BbinrpHBajiocb MHoro Bpe- 
MeHH. OpraHH30BaHHoerb pa6oTH LLlTa6a pocjia» *). 

«HeneHHH-b LLl~Ta6a He paspyniH.fl'b. Ohtj bjihjich bt> Hero 
Kaicb BOAa B^HBaeTCH bt> cocyA^. H KaKt BOAa AaBHjrb Ha bcb 
ctbhkh cocyAa pobho h cb OAHHaKOBoft chjioh, AaBJieme pa3- 
aarajiocb, BOcnpHHHMajiocb bcbmh «crBHKaMH» OAHHaKOBO, h He 
no^y u .aaocb «hh npoSoHH'b hh yTeweicb*. **). 

«KPOM-B TOrO MyBCTBOBAJlOCb, MTO AKTHBHbltf 
OnEPAUIH OTKJIAAblBAfOTCH TOJIbKO nO nPHMMHAMb* 
KJIHMATHMECKHMb), HTO OH^ BT) nOPftHK-fi J\Hft. 3to 
eme 6ojrfce noAHHMajio a}'xt. IllTa6a . . . 3cceHT> noA^HHH^cn 
UeHTpy h TO^ibKo HHorAa «BbinaAajrb» Ha KopoTKift cpo^ H3"b 
noBHHOBeHiH. HeneHHH-b Morb 6bi pHCKOBaTb CBoefl tojioboh», — 



*) $.10. JI,obkoht'l. Hhcimo aBTopy 23-2-56 r. 
**) $, K), JoBKOUTi. lliieiiio aBTopy 24-7-56 r. 



103 



3aKJiK)Maerb cboh uocnoMHHanijj o pa6oT"R ULlTaGa a-rorb BAyM- 
HHBbift h ropflMift Ayxoiwb cxpHU.ep'b, paSoTaBLuift B"b Heiwb npn 

BCBX"b TpeXt KoMaHAOBaBlUHX-b BajIT. OjIOTOM-b aAMHpajiax'b *). 



CXEMA nJlAHA OriEPALUH HA 1917 rojyb . **) 

06mee nojio>KeHie Ha cyxonyTHOM-b (ppoHrfe bohhh co BpeMe- 
hh BejiHKaro OTCTyn^eHia pyccKHx-b apiwift B"b 1915 r., conpoBow- 
AaBinarocH noTepefi cBbime Tpexcorb TbicnM-b ySHTHMH, CBbime 

MMJUIJOHa paHeHHMH H njI'BHHblMH, nHTH MH^JliOHOBTj BHHTOBOK'b 

h MHoroHHC^eHHaro apTH.ajiepiftcKaro BOopyweHia, h OTpa3HBiua- 
rocH Ha ocnaSjieHiH bojih BepxoBHaro KoMaHAOBaHin Kb Harry - 
naTejibHofl BOHH-fe, noApbiBajio oSniift Ayxt BOopy>KeHHbix'b cH.Tb 
Poccin. 

A naccHBHocrb TepiviaHCKaro cpJiOTa Ha BajiTiflcKOM-b Mopt. no3- 
BOJiflBuian Aep>KaTb B"b 6e3A"feHCTBiH BCTynHBiuie B"b CTpofl ot- 
/ihmho o6yHeHHbie HaiiiH MOiHHbie HOBbie Kopa6jiH, He6jiaronpi- 
htho CKa3biBajiacb Ha Ayx"fe jiHHHaro hxt> cocTaBa. HepBbi ooiaS- 
jiajiHCb h 3to rpo3Hjio noHH^eHieiwb 6oecnoco6HOCTH. 

Me>KAy TtlWl Ch MaTepbHJIbHOH CTOpO'Hbl (pJIOTb 6bW'b CHa6- 

>KeH"b otjihhho. 3anacb mmht? h CHapnAOB'b 6bijiT3 BejiHKij. Ton- 
jiHBa, S^arOAapa CBoeBpeiweHHOMy B3HTiio rpHropoBHHeM'b Ap- 
xaHrejibCKaro nopTa h npoBeAeHiro >Ke„TB3HOAopo>KHoA jihhw 
ua MypMaHCK"b qepes'b sajieAeHtjibui TyHApw coeAHHenHbiMH 
ycHjiiaMH MHHHCTepcTBTa nyTefi CooSiueHiH h MopcKoro, 6bIJIO 
MHoro». rioAt HaMajibCTBOM-b Kan. 1 p. M. C. PomaKOBCKaro ***), 
upoflBHBLuaro HeBtpoHTHyio SHepriro B"b A'kJi'b Bep6oBania pa6o- 
Mefi CH^u H3i3 M"BCTnaro HacejieHia — jionapefl — nocTpofiKa 



*) Kan. 2 p. 4>. 10. JIobkoht'l no oitoii'iaiiiii B.-M. 0. IIhu. M. Ai;a.ic\iiii .n. 
1915 r. Bciynnji'L wb IUTa6i> K-maro •I'jiotom'l $jiar»i-Mi HcTopiorpa$OMi ii. sa bc- 
l'JiioieHieM'i. BpeMeHH KouaHflHpoBOK'b aarpaniipy no jtiaM* nepoBoaKii bohcki bo 
^'pampio, ocTaBajrcfl Bt hoii. Ilocxft peBOjnoipn cjiyscnjrb ji .IiiTBt. rjt jptuKftN 
Obuii Mhhhctpomi OGoponu. flOueiiTOMi, Kaijeflpu reorpa&iH Hb IioueHcKOMi n Bii- 
.itHCKOMi yHHBepcnTeTaxTi. a HarKHi nocjiamniKOMi bi Apicimiiii. KaBa.icpi noi- 
'leraaro jierioHa. reHepajii JleHTeHaHTT.. CKOHiajicH on. paapuBa cepjua ua roGpaiiiii 
aHTHKOM. opraH. xopBaTOBi. BMnrpairroBi bo, ApreiiTHiit. Mupi npaxy ero. B. ,1. 

**) JI.0BK0HTI. IlHCbMO aBTopy 24-11-56. 

***) M. C. PomaKOBCKiii, bt> nnni jieiiTenaHTa KOMaHflOBa.iT) bi Iloprb-ApTypIi 
.v.-Mi "PtmHTejibHbiH", HCTopia 3axBaTa KOToparo. cTOHBuiaro pa3opyaveHHbiMi Bb 'hi- 
(Jiy, anoHi(aMn, Tajiain'jiHBo onncaiia cBHA'BTejieM'b SToro ana30Aa Koiflpi-AjMHpaJOKT. 
r L B. Hhkhthhumi, (<J>oKarHTOBUMi,). b-b pa3cKa3ii "Mhhouoccpt, PifflHTftlMbli' 
(G6ophhki> "IIoprb-ApTypT.". BocnoMHiiania yiacTHHKOBi. Han. IUieHii 'IcxoBa. Hbu- 
IopK't 1955 r.) B. J. 

104 



.lopoi'H uijih MOJiHienocno H 3a;ievKaBiiiiecH rpyau fljin cjwioxa no- 
TeKJiH no Ha3iiaHeHiK). 

«Ho caMbiMTj Ba>KHbiM'b 6bijio to, hto HACTyriATEJIBHblP 5 ! 
Z^yXTi ./iHHHaro cocTaBa (JMOTa 6biji"b Bee em,e HA BOJIblilOPI 
BblCOT-b M ErO HAAO BblJlO, BO HTO bbl TO HH CTA/IO 
FIO/],ZlEP>KATb. A 3to Mort BbinojiHHTb TOJibKO nepexoA"b 
BCBXTd ErO MACTEH KT> AKTHBHOP1 BOPbBl3 y H'BMEIi,- 
KHXT> BEPErOBT>. 

Tak-aa aKTHBHOCTb, oejiernHB-b nojio^Keme Ha cppoHrb, aoji- 

>KHa 6bIJia 6bl B03CTaH0BHTb nOUiaTHyBLUiflCR B'BCb PoCCiH B'b 

cpeA"B coK33HbixT3 Aep>«aBT> h Mon/ia Aame noBjiiaTb Ha hcxoatj 

IiCeft BOHHbl. 

Ci. TaKHMTj 3aAaHieM-b, nojiyweHHbiM'b OnepaTHBuofl Macrbio 
orb HOBaro KoMaHAyiomaro Ojiotomtj h noA'b ero JiHHHbiM'b 
pyKOBOACTBOMT) 6u^h AeTaJibHO pa3pa6oTaHbi TPH BAPIAHTA 
onepauJH Ha 1917-ft roA"b, riOA-ie^aBiirie kt> HcnojiHCHiro btj 3a- 
bhchmocth orb o6cTaHOBKH: MHHHMAJlbHbM, CPE/J,Hin H 
MAKCMMAJlHblR 

«MHHHMaJIbHbIH» BapiaHTb npeAyCMarpHBaJTb JIHIIIb pa3BH- 

•rie LUHpoKOH mhhhoh bojihu cb 3arpa>KAeHiaMH B'b BOAaxi> <t>e- 
Mapbi-Be.ibTa h o6iu.ee nepeHeceme uenTpa tjdkccth 6opb6u 

IIOABOAHblX-b JIOAOK'b H MMHOHOCUeBTj B'b K))KHyiO H 3aiiaAHyiO 
l iaCTH ba^THKH, CXOA^Cb, B'b oGlUHX'b HepTaX'b, CTj TTjM'b, 4TO 

y>Ke hm'ejio mtdCto bt> KaMnamio 1916 roAa. 

«CpeAHifl» BapiaHT'b HBJIHJICH OTB'ETOM'b Ha IipOH3BOAHBlLli- 
MCH H-BMUaMH 6oM6apAHpOBKH 6e30py»HbIXT3 HOpTOBTj BoT- 

HHwecKaro 3a;iHBa h BHHAaBbi. Ohi. npeAycMaipHBajrb o6c."rptwn_> 
iipn6pc>Kni,ix'b repiwaHCKHXTj ropoAOBb orb Ko;ib6epra ao 3ac- 
iiHua BKJiKJMHTejibiio, npn ynacTiH aprajuiepiH jihhchhuxtj ko- 
paoaefl. 

H, naKoneuTj, BapiaHTb «MaKCHMyivrb» hm-bjitj B'b BHAy ac- 
caHTHyio onepauito Ha repMaHCKOM"b no6epe«bH, cb utwibio bhc- 
cth 3toh AHBepcieft naHHKy B'b erpaH-B h Bi.inyAHTb HtMeuKoe 
KOMaHAOBanie orrmiyTb B'b rum, BoftcKa, o6;[erHHBTj iudkhmi. 
iia CtaBepHbifl (pponTTj HaiuHx-b apMift. 

TloAroTOBKa K"b noAo6Hoft onepauJH B'b Ph^ckomTj 3ajiHB'h 
BT> 1916-M-b roAy noKa3a.ia B03MO>KHocTb nepeSpocKH AByxt ah- 
BH3JH MopeMij. TpancnopTbi 6hjih noAroTOBJieHbi h o6opyAO- 
BaHbi. Ho OTKJiaAbiBaHie BbiriojiiiemH en B'b AOJiriii flmnKij no3- 

105 



boahjiq H-feMuaiwb y3HaTb o6tj 3tomi> h opraHH30BaTb o6opoHy 

II06epe>KbH B'b paHOH-B P03Ha IlOABOAHblMH IipOBOJIOMHblMH 3a- 

rpaiKAemHMH h BbicaAKa B'b stomtj pafloH-B Tenepb rpo3HJia 6h 
KaTacTpocpoH. JXeccsLHT-h x.c Ha no6epe>KbH BajiTiftcKaro MopH, 
coxpaHHH ajieivieHTTj BHe3aiiH0CTH, Mori>, CM"BJiocTbio CBoero njia- 
na, pa3CMHTbiBaTb Ha no^iHbiH ycntx-b*. 

YBbi, bch 3Ta pa6oTa 6bijia peBOJUouieft BbiKHHyra B'b My- 

COpHyK) KOp3HHy HCTOpiH. H CaMt TOTb, KTO ee BAOXHOBJIHJTb H 

roTOBHJiCH BbinoJiHHTb co3AaHHbie njiaHbi, naji"b orb BbinymeH- 
Hofi B-b cnHHy noA^iHwcb ySifiueH nyjm. 

Ho, 6biTb MOiKeT-b, 6yAym,iH HCTopHicb 3toh anoxH PyccKaro 
<i>jioja, cBo6oAHbiH orb u-Bnefl u,eH3ypbi, pa3bimerb Bb apxii- 

BaXTj nOA^lHHHbie AOKyMeHTbl H CMOiKerb B'b I10.7IHOH M'fep'E OU'B- 

HHTb TpyA"b BbinojiHeHHbifl LUTa6oM'b no BAOXHOBeHiK) H IIOA"b 
pyKOBOACTBOMi) Toro HeneHHHa, KOToparo Majio 3HaBiuie ero 

COBpeMeHHHKH npeHe6pe>KHTejIbH0 3BajIH «C'fepbIM'b». 



IlOC^mEHIE MACTEH OJIOTA. 

7-ro ceHTaSpn, B'b nepBbifi jne AeHb CBoero Ha3HaqemH He- 

IieHHH-b Ha 3CK. M-1TB «]lo6'BAHTejIb» BblUiejI'b B'b PHJKCKifl 3a- 
JIHB'b H Ha C^tAyiOlniH AeHb npOH3B&/rb CMOTp'b CTOHBIHHM'b B'b 

KyflBacTO h ApeHc6ypr-fe cyAaiwb. 

«noc'feTHB'b «CjiaBy», — pa3CKa3biBaerb B'b cbohxtj Bocno- 

MHHaHiflX'b OAHH'b H3"b SjieCTHlllHX'b SoeBblXTj 0(pHU,epOB"b 3TOrO, 

'ram* bmcoko onpaBAaBiuaro CBoe hmh, Kopa6;iH *), — BHU,e- 
aAMMpa^-b HeneHHH'b o6paTHJicn ktj ocpwuepaivrb h KOMaHA"B ci> 

KpaTKOH p^HbR), B'b KOTOpOH, no6jiarOAapHB-b JIHMHblH COCTaB'b 

3a 6oeByio cjiy>K6y B'b npouuiOM'b, BbipasHJit yBtpeHHOdb B'b 
tomT), hto h B'b GyAyineM'b OHa 6yAerb -raKOH Me nojie3Hofl. 

HoBbifl KoMaHAyromJH Ojiotomtj npoHBHji-b 6ojibuioft HHTe- 
pecb ktj npeACTOHtu,eMy 3HMHeiwy peMOHTy «C/iaBbi», npocMOT- 

p-BJl-b BHHMaTejIbHO peMOHTHblH B-BAOMOCTH H CA'BJia^'b B'b HHXb 

pnAi> nojiesHbix-b HsiwEHemfi. 

nocfemeHie B.-a. A. H. HeneHHHHM'b Hamero Kopafijin ocraBH- 
jio npiHTHoe h CHjibHoe BnenaTJi'EHie. MHorie ocpHuepu HHKorAa 



*) HHMC.-Mex. jieiiT. K. H. Maaypemcu — Cponuopa "11a "CJIABli" B't Phj;- 
ckomi. 3ajHB'i" 1949 r, cxp, 43. 

106 



paHbiue He bha+wih 3Toro, B-b HaineM-b npeACTaBjiemH, BceB-EAy- 
maro Mara, ho ohi> Gu^-b xopouio HSB-fecTeH-b bcbmt> Haivrb. Mh 

OHeHb UTdHMJIH BTa BblCIlieH CTeneHH njIOAOTBOpHyK) A^HTejIbHOCTb 

HeneHHHa Ha aojdkhocth HaMaabHHKa C^y>K6bi Cbh3h, KoiopaH 
CBHA"bTe^bCTBOBa^a o ero BbiAaromeMCH yiwE, opraHHsaTopcKHx-b 
cnoco6HOCTHXi>, SHepriH h bojtb . . . Mm yBaiKajm n jho6hjih sto- 
ro BbiAaiouiarocH aAMHpajia». 

noc'bTHJi'b HeneHHHt h aBiaujoHHbiH CTaHU,iH B"b ApeHc6yprfe 
h Ha Uepc/rfe, h cTpoHBinyiocH Ha stoh kocb no ero coScTBeH- 
HOMy njiaHy 12-th AK>HMOByio 6aTapeio, o6jiacKaBi> h Harpa- 

AHBTj HXTj KOMaHAbI H 0(pHU,epOB'b *). 

«B'b 11 n. noAXOAHT-b (Ha Uepe^b) KaTep-b cb KoMaHAyro- 
hihmtj 0.10T0MT3 h aAMHpajioM"b KeApoBbiMi>. PanopTyeT-b ct. aeftT. 
JlHTBHHOB-b. KoMaHAyroinifl oSxoAHrb (ppoHrb, MHorHXTj y3Ha- 
erb, AacKOBO npHBtyrcTByerb h Ha kohO,"E cppoHTa noAxoAHrb 
K-b KOMaHAt npoTHByaaponjiaHHOfi SaTapeH npHKOMaHAHpoBaH- 
hoh Kt Haiwb. Bo^biiiHHCTBo en ctohjio 6e3i> canorb. Bo3My- 
m,eHHo: «FIo4eMy KOMaHAa 663^ canorb?» OrB'ET'b, hto AaBHO 
nocjiaHa npocbSa B-b MHTeHAaHTCTBo **), a oho He oraycKaerb. 
AApiaHTj MBaHOBHWb BOinejrb B-b pa>K"b, noAHHjrb Tyjibio cpy- 
paiKKH h HepBHO Aeprajrb yew ... «fl npHKaaiy. MTo6bi 3aBTpa 
Mt 6hjih oA^Tbi». Ctoh nepeA"b cppoHTOwcb o6paTHjicn kt> nawh: 
*reoprieBCKie KaBajiepu BnepeA"b». Bbimejrb oahhi> y.-ocp. Cbh- 

HapeBl> (MexaHHKTj JlHTBHHOBa). A. H. BCKHnHTHJICH: «KaK'b? 

3A"bcb Ha Uepejit h TOJibKo oahht^? Bh bce sA'bcb TeoprieBCKie 
KaBaaepbi. HeMeAJieHHo npeACTaBHTb ki> HarpaAaivrb . . .» Bcfe 
ero jho6hjih h yBasKajiH ***). 

«Ha3Ha4CHie Ha nocrb KoMaHAyiomaro BajmncKHMb Ojio- 

TOlWb B.-a. A. H. HeneHHHa 6bMO npHHHTO BCBM"b CpJIOTOM'b Cb 
6oJIbIHOH paAOCTbK) H HaAe)KAaMH», rOBOpHTT) aBTOpt OAHOH 

M3i> aymiiHX'b KHHr"b BociiOMHHaHiH toh snoxn BajrrificKaro 
<f>jioxa». Bb oco6eHHOCTH 6bijia AOBOJibHa MnHHan JXunu'sifi, ko- 
Topaa, HAXO/tflCb BCE BPEMfl HA riEPE/JOBhlX'b H03H- 
Ur>IX"b, bwcoko u-BHH/ia npeAbiAym.yio A^HTejibHOCTb AAMHpa- 
jia . . . Ero yAHBHTC/ibHbiH opraHH3aTopcKia chocoShocth, ney- 

TOMHMafl 3HCpriH, TBepAOCTb BOJ1U H yM"b npHHeCJIH HeOU/bllHMI.ISl 

yciyrn HameMy tp^0Ty» ' :;:;::::::: ). 



*) BocnoMHHaiiia MopcK. jreflT. H. B. FyMmmeisa. 

**) HnTemamcTBO Kpinocra Hmh. Ileipa BeiHKaro. B. }{. 

***) MopcK. JeriHKi Kan. H. B. PyMHiiuein,. llucbMu aB'ropy 25-4-58. 

****) T. Vpa^i,. "Ha "Uobhk4" CTp. 223. 



107 






H ICb 3THM"b CJIOBaM-b MOiKHO Ao6aBHTb JIHIUb TO, 4T0 TaKt. 

a<e utHHjiH ero h bcb rk kto ero pa6o-ry TaKt a<e 6jiaroA'BTejib- 
ho HcnbiTaJi-b Ha ce6t: xpeftcepa, noABOAHbia jioakh, aBiauia. 
MHHHbie 3arpaAHTe^iH, TpajibmHKH h AP- 

nOAHflTIE ^MCUMnJlMHbl. 

.HOBOJIbHO HaCTO npHXOAHTCa MHTaTb H C/IbllliaTb, HTO, BCTy- 
UHH'b BT> KOMaHAOBaHie (JWIOTOM'b, HeneHHHT> CTdJl-h npOflBJIHTb 
MejIOHHOCTb B"b OTHOIlieHiH BH'BLUHHX'b HapyLUeHift AHCUHnJIHHbl. 

ripHBOAHTca, HanpHM'fepi. cjiywaft apecTa oAHoro MHMMaHa He 

CTaBUiarO BO CppOHTb npH BCTp'BH'E CT> 'BXaBIlIHM'b BT? aBTOMO- 

CHJit aAMHpajioM-b. OcTaHOBHBi) ero HeneHHH"b orpeKOMeHAO- 
BajicH : « no3BOJibTe npeACTaBHTbCH — Bailie KoMaHAyioiuiA 
4>jiotomt3» h npHKa3ajrb AOJio>KHTb no HanajibCTBy cBoe npHKa- 
3aHie o AOMauiHeiwb ero apecrB. 

Klj COKaJltHiK) HMeHH 9TOrO MHHMaHa, KSLKTi H BO BC'BX'b Ap> : - 

rHX-b noAo6Hbixi> npHM-kpax-b, He TOJibKO He ynoMHHaeTCH, ho 

Hep-BAKO npHBOAHlUlfl HXT3 JIHU,a CaMH TOBOpHTl), MTO OHH o6i> 
3T0MT3 TOJibKO «CJIbIXajIH», H nOTOMy HX"b noKa3aHia, coniacHO 
IOpHAHHeCKHM-b HOpiMaMt, «He HM'BIO'rb CHJIbI». 

OTpHuarb Tpe6oBaTejibHocTb HenenHHa bi> Bonpocax'b ahc- 

U.HnJIHHU H C06jIK)AeHiH yCTaBOBTj, KOHeHHO, HeB03M0>KH0. Opo- 

rifi K-b caiwoMy ce6"B oht> otjihhho cosHaBajrb, mto BC/i-BAt 3a 
MejiKHMH hxi> HapyiueniflMH HeH36l3>KHO cji^AyioTTj h 6oji-Be Kpyn- 
hijh. «Bcye 3aK0Hbi nHcaTb ea<e^H hxt> He HcnojiHHTb» iiobto- 
pHJiTb ohtj cjioBa co3AaTejiH «MopcKoro ycTaBa» — BejiHKaro 
HeTpa. 

H H-hwb Bbime Ha iepapxHqecKoft ji-bcthhu/b cTOHjrb Hapy- 
uiHTejib, T'BM'b CTpo)Ke ohtj kt> Heiwy Sbijiis. A «6'feraTb no 3cnjia- 

HaA"B», 4T06bI JIOBHTb TaiWb He OTAaiOIUHX-b qeCTb MHHMaHOB-b 

6bijio coBepuieHHO eiwy He cbohctbchho, Aa h BpeMenH Ha sto 
ne 6bijio, h TaKie pa3CKa3bi 3ByHarb npeyBejivmeHieM'b. 

CMOTPbl Cy/lAMTj . 

Topa3AO cepbe3H-Be 3ByHarb, yBbi HeMHoria, BOcnoiwuHaHia 
o rfex'b CMOTpax-b, KOTopue, BcrynHB-b Bt KOMaHAOBame tpjio- 

TOMl. HeneHHH-b npOH3BOAHJTb CBOHM"b KOpa6jIHMTD. 

OAHHM-b h3Tj nepBbix'b noc'BUj.eHHbix'b HM-b cyAOB-b 6bun> 
.THHefiHHfi KopaSjib «raHryT"b». 

108 



npon3BeAH CMOTp-b HenenHm, o6pa™jicn K-b co6paHHofi Ha 

lUXaHUaXTj KOMaH^t CT> ptMbK), B^b KOTOpOH, HanOMHHB-b o6-b 

iiMtBtiieM-b bo Bpeiwa KOMaH^oBaHiH KopaSjieiwb KanHTanoMi. 1 
paHra KcupoBbiM-b, cepbe3HOM"b HapymeHiH ahcuhhjihhi.i, bh- 

pa3HBLUeMCH BTd CaMOBOJIbHOM'b BMXO/TE KOMaH^M BO CppOiirb 

SMS KO^JieKTHBHaro 3aHBjieHin «npeTeH3iH Ha nHiny» (mto, KaK"b 
H3B-BCTH0, B-b nepio.irb noJiHTHqecKHx-b 6e3nopH^KOB-b 1905-06 
roflOBi>, nBjiHjiocb nepBMM'b npHSHaKOMT, pa3Jio>KeHiH MopajiH 
.iHMHaro cocTaBa) OH-b 6yn,TO 6u CKa3ajrb, mto ec.in 6bi KoiwaH- 

.IV'KUUHM'b OjIOTOIWb BTj TO BpeMH SblJTb Offb CaMCb, TO OHT> « H I >I - 

Bc/rb 6bi Kopafijib B"b Mope h TaMij yTonnji-b 6m cro co BCBiwb 
BKHna^eMT)* 3a 6yHTOBiHHHecKoe noBe,aeHie bo BpeMH bohhi.i. 
nojiyMHTb noiiTBep>Kii.eHie tohhocth sthxtj ero cjiobi> ne 

V^a^OCb, HO COXpaHHBUimCH B-b naMHTH 3aKJIK)HHTejIbHbI5I C/IOBa 

cro p"emh: «Aa, .JiaAHo; kto crapoe noiwaHerb - - TOMy rjia3T. 
uoHTa*, o KOTopbix-b Tor/ia roBopHJiH, HacTOJibKO jym Hero xa- 
paKTepHbi, mto Bbi^yMarb Hx-b 6mjio 6m Tpyzmo. 

flOTOMTj, BTj CBH3H Cb TT^IWb, MTO BT. TOJinT^ apCCTOBaBHICH 

HencHHHa Bt ^eHb ero ciuepTH, bh;te./ih MaTpocoB-b ct> JieHTOH- 
KaMH «raHryTa». ero y6iftcTBO cbh3mb3jih ct> sthmtd cpaKTOMT>. 

O^HaKO aOKa3aTb 9TO H'BT'b B03MO>KHOCTH H, KaKl. 6y^eTTj BH^HO 
H3Tj OnHCaHJH 9TOTO 3J\OJX^HH\H, eCTb fla>Ke nO.lHI.IH OCHOBanifl 
BT> 3T0M'b COMH-feBaTbCH. 

CaMo co6oft pa3yM r feeTCH. hto He bcb cmotpm cxo^.h;ih 
rjia^KO. Ho no Myapoft pyccKoft nooiOBHH'E — «xopouiaa cjiaBa 
.lOKHrb, a iiypHan 6'fc>KHT'b». H noTOMy H^rb HHwero yziHBHTejib- 
naro, hto roBopHjiocb h 3anoMHHJiocb rjiaBHbiiwb o6pa30iwb 
.iHuib o tomtj, mto 6o/tbHo 3a,zrEJio KaK-b jiHMHoe caMOJiK)6ie TaK"b 
h ecTecTBeHHyio ropAOCTb 3a cboh Kopa6jib noaBepnuHxcn Ha- 
Ma^bCTBeHHOMy pa3Hocy jihhtj. 

BecbMa xapaKTepHyio KapTHHy ncaoSnaro c/iyMaa pKcyerb 
aBTop"b pa3CKa3a «MHT51H» •). 

«3HMa. K0MaHAyK)UUH OjIOTOlWb CMOTpHTb BCfe CVAa CTOH- 

mia Ha peft.a.'B . . . Bee noAMHinaeTca h hphboahtch bt> cmotpo- 

riOH BHA"b. 

POTHbie KOMaHAHpbl «CpOMHO» HaTaCKHBaiOrb H npOBtpHK)T-b 
CBOHXTj IIOAHHHeHHMX'b BT> 3H3H1H HaHa^bCTByKHUHXT. ^HH"b AJW 
TOHHMX'b 0TBT3T0BT3 KoMaHAyiOUieMy. HaKOHeUT) «HeO>KH.aaHHO» 



*) Ct. .lefiT. H. II. Cojioakom,. /KypHa.ih "Maconoii". Tio.w 1933 r. dp. 14. 

109 



KoMaHjiyromifi ^jiotomtj nocfemaerb Kpeiiccpi, *). CHOTpto npo- 
xojxaTh 6jiecTHine. Hawa.;ibCTBo. iipw BCefl onbiTnocTH h erporo- 
cth r./ia3a, bcc naxosHT-b B-b nopal's. BpeiweHHo KOMaHAyiomiii 
Kopafi.ieM-b CTapuiifl OcpHuep-b cinerb, CMOTp-b noaxojwTi, ki. 
kohuv. rioAt nojiy6aKOM-b BbicTpoeHa apTHJuiepiHCKan KOMaH^a, 
na npaBOM-b cpjiaHrh KOTopoii , KpacyeTCH cpHrypa Mhthh . 
KoMaH,nyiomift ocraHaBJiHBaeTCH nepe,a,-b hhmtj, CTporo cmot- 
pmi, h cnpauiHBaerb otphbhcto: 

«KaK'b 30ByTTj Hacn'feaHHKa D,ecapeBHMa?» — Mhthh epa- 
maeT-b r.7ia3aMH, orb HanpHweniH po)Ka atwiaeTCH KHpriHMHaro 
UBlvra. Mojiwame. 

«Hy», — 6pocaerb KoMaRnyromift. 

Tjia3a Bcfex-b o6panieHbi Ha Mhthh, oH-b eme 6ojrBe TcpneTCsr 
h oopMoqerb: «Ero . . . HivrnepaTopcKoe Bee . . . 3anaMHTOBa;n>, 
Bame ripeBocxoaHTejibCTBO» — Cb OTMaHHieiwb BbipbiBaeTCH y 
waTpoca. 

«Kto pothhh KOMaHAHp-b?» — oSpainaeTca KoMaHAyiomifl 
wh CTapuieiviy OtpHuepy. Mojiojioh •JieHTenaHT'b BbicjiyuiHBaeT'b 
u^jibiH KacKa^T. HejiecTHbixij cpaBHeHifi H3-b ycrb KoMaaziyioina- 
ro. Xopoujee HacTpoeme CMOTpa copBaHO . . . B-b peyjibTarfc poT- 
Hbift KOMaHAHp-b nojiywHJi'b He^-fe^io 6e3 r b 6epera . . . 

«A qepe3T> He^-knio, — roBopnrb aBTop"b. — npHiuaa bcth- 
Kaa 6e3KpoBHaH . . . btj hhcjtb y6HTbix-b 6uni, h CTporift KoiwaH- 
AyiomiH OjiOToiwb h TaKTHHHHfl CTapurift 0(pHuepT> Kpeficepa. 
cHenTeHaHT-b »ce ocTajicn >KHB-b, KOMaH^a CHHTajia, hto OH-b «3.npH 
nocTpaaaji'b 3a Hauiero 6paTa» **). 

3tott> 3nH30A"b HpKO pncyerb B3rjiH/n> HeneHHHa Ha «bh- 

HOBHOCTb» HHrnHMXTj qHHOB"b BOOfillie. 

no ero MHtiHiio, KOTopoe ohtj He pa3T> Bbic.Ka3biBajrb mh+j b^ 

"aCTHOMTj pa3rOBOp-B, IIOflJIHHHMMH BHHOBHHKaMH 6oJIbUIHHCTBa 

ja>Ke .flHCUHnjiHHapHbix'b npocTynKOB'b, He roBopn ywe o njio- 

XOM"b 3HaHJH CJiy)K6br, HBJIHIOTCH HXTj IipHMbie HaHa.7IbHHKH. HP 
3a60THHJ,ieCH o6t> HX"b BOCnHTaHJH. H nOTOMy B3bICKHBaTh Cb 
HHX-b CTEAyeT'b Cb OCTOpO/KHOCTbK) TaK"b KaiCb OHH BeCbMa MyTKH 

ko bchkoh HecnpaBeAJiHBocTH, KOTopan 6e30TB+jTCTBeHHaro ne- 
pe^rb HaMa^bCTBOMTj npocToro nejiOB-EKa npoTHB'b noc7rE.z1.HHro 
o3Jio6jineT'b. 



*) Ho HM^rMbiM-b CBijeniHMt HencHHHT) bt> to BpeMti npHitaaHBaj-i, npejy- 
upemflaTT. KOManjnpnsi cyjoBi npeirTOimieMi na y/rpo ero PMOTpfc. B. J. 

**) Kan. 2 p. B. PhifiKiun. 6m.ti> ySnra na «ay jiHn,a>nt KopaCiw nodopoHHn- 
jih, n KOMaH^a Kpeficepa HircaKoro oTHomenia ki. 3T0My n|iccTyn.iPHiio 11c HMtia. B. .1. 

110 



BoT-b notieiwy h oirb caiwb, 6i>iBanniifr rUiwb (mute Tpe6ona- 
Te,n>iii,iM'b h CTporHM'b K-b ocpHuepaM-b, q-feirb Bbicmcc cflywe6- 
iioe no.iojKeHie ohh 3aHHMa™, nomH HHKor^a He OT^aBajTb 
nofl-b cy^-b iwaTpoca 3a .HHCUHnjiHHapHbiH npocrynoK-b. H, p-fe^Ko 
B03BbiuiaBuiiH rojiocb Ha npoBHHHBmarocH nncapn hjih psmoBo- 
ro CHrHajibinHKa 3a cfl-feflaHnyio hmt> ouin6k'y, oht>, KaK-b h ywe 
pa3CKa3ajrb paHbuie, CyayHH Bcero jiHuib xanHTaHoivrb 2-ro paH- 
ra bt> mTaSt KoManziyjomaro Mopckhmh CnjiaiwH, ciwejio, ne- 
pe/rb jihuomtj apeonara BbiciuHx-b HHHOB-b MHHHCTepcTBa bo rvia- 
e% cb caMHM-b MHHHCTpoM-b, 6pocHjrb HaqajibHHKy OpoHTejib - 
Haro OT^-fejia, reHepajrb jieftTeHaHTy, p-fe3Koe oSBHueHic ero noji- 

MHHCHHHX-b B"b 3JIOynOTpe6jieHiHX-b npH nOCTpOHhCB nOCTOB'b 

C-BBepHaro PaftoHa Cjiy>K6bi Cbh3h. 

Run nojiHOTbi KapTHHbi Bonpoca o «noATHrHBaHin HeneHH- 
hhmi> aHCUHn^HHbi» h npoHBjieHHoft HM-b npH 3T0M-b «rpy6ocrH* 

Heo6xO^HMO OCTaHOBHTbCH &UX& Ha BOCnOMHHaHiHX-b noKOHHaro 

KOHTp-b-aaMHpa^a C. H. THiunpeBa *). 

ToBopa o ^oxo^HBUiHX'b flo A'BHCTBOBaBiHHX'b Ha nepe,no- 
Bbix'b no3HuiHX'b Kopa6jiefl cjiyxax-b o «no^TH>KK-B» a-bhctbh- 
TejibHo pacnycTHBUiarocH Jinqnaro cocTaBa aBTop-b HaxoaHrb, 

HTO «n0J06HbIH neaaHTH3MT> BO BpeMH B0HHH» npOHSBejI-b Cb 

caiworo Hawajia neBbiro^Hoe BneMaTJitHie Ha jihmhbih cocTaB-b h 
cosaajrb HeneHHHy He Majio BparoB-b cpejn ocpHuepcKoft mojio- 
jewH h oco6eHHO cpejiH MaTpocoB-b **). KoHRperabix-b (paK- 
tobt. TaKoro Bceo6maro «noaTHrHBaHia» on"b He npHBOflnrb h 
ca\fb roBopHT-b, mto «He Morb noaaBHTb Bt ced-fe H^BKOToparo 
wvBCTBa HeaoB-fepin kt> 3thmt> pascKasaiwb, c i iHTaa nx-b nPEYBE- 
JIHMEHHblMH 3 A CMETb JIHMHblX-b OEHZTb ***). 

CoBepmeHHO cnpaBejuiHBoe npeanojioweHie 9toh micro 
ncHXOjTorHqecKoft npHHHHbi o6o6meHin eOTHHUHbix-b cpaKTOB'b, 

npaBflHBOCTb KOTOpblX-b OTpHUaTb 6bW0 6bl, KOHeMHO, HCB03- 

mojkho, otjihhho H^JiiocTpHpyeTCH h Ha npHM-bp-b caMoro aBTopa 

STHXT) BOCnOMHHaHift. 



*) B.Tarojapn JiiofiesHooTH pp^aKTopa "MopcKHii 3anncoK%" jt njifat bo.t- 
MoatHOCTB 03HaKOMirn>cff ci, BM^epjKKoii H31. Haxosflmefioa m> Ha5opi Kinirn, Kacaro- 
meficH flamaro annsoja. B. J. 

**) ITo PBiniTe.Ti>CTi!y k. 2 p. JoBKOirra — MaTpocH 6hjth jobo.tihm, ^T0 ai- 
Mnpa.li "He jaen. HHKOJiy noSjtaxKn" h ko bcbmi. othochtch paBHO. B. J. 

***) KypcHBi Mofi. B. J. 

Ill 



BcKopt. no npuxcurh «Bafina», KOTopbiM-b TiiMMpeBt ko- 

MIUIAOBajI-b, H3b PH>KCKarO 3ajIHBa Bl> PC/'IbCHIirCpOpCb Ha 3HM- 

iiioio ctohhkv, b-b nenpoAO^JKHTejibHOMi. BpeMeHH no noa^eM h 
;|).iara, KaTep-b no;rb cjj/mroM-b KoMafuyromaro Ojiotomi. no- 
;u)inc,;rb K"b Tpany Kpeiicepa. KaK-b BbiHCHHJiocb Bnoc/it'^CTBiH, He- 
iichhhtj eme iiaKanvH-fe npHKa3ajrb npe^ynpcflHTb KOManawpa o 
npe^CTOHLueM-b ciwoTpt. Ho, noflHHBLUHCb Ha najiy6y yBHfl-BJi-b, 
mto Taiwb cine ancTb npH6opKa, HacKopo Bbi3BaHHaa KOMaH^a, 
B"fc rr>H3noivrb pa6oqeM'b njiaTb-fc BbicTpaHBae-rca jijih ero BCTp%- 
mh, a KOMaHAHpia He BpywH.Tb eMy Aa>Ke ncwio>Kciiiiaro «crpocBO- 
ro panopra* o coctohhjh KopaSjin. 

Bcnbijib'iHBbiii HeneHMH-b HaroBopHa'b no stomv iiobo/iv 

pt>3KHX'b CJIOBTj KOMaiWHpy H OT6bIJI'b I1C IipOH3BCAH OCMOTpa 

Kopa6;iH. 

OcKop6./R'Hiibiii THMHpeB'b iio;ui,/rb panoprb I Ia<ia,ibiiHKy 
!)piira,T,u 06b OTMHCieHiH ero orb KOMaiwoBanin Kopa6;ieMX. h. 

BH^HMO 06"bHBH.Tb o6"b 3T0MT> OCpHUepaMt H KOMaHJ-fe, T. K. 

iiepBbie h jiame CBepxcpowHoa/iywamie nn>KHie whhbi Bi>ipa3H.?iH 
rams >kc >KC»iaHie noc.TBAOBarb ero npnM-kpy h 6biTb ciiHcaHHbi- 
mh cb Kpeflcepa. 

T-bmtj BpeMeHeMt npoH3BeaeHHoe HeneHHHbiM-b Ha «Kpe- 
'icte* pa3c.itA0BaHie no^TBep^HJio 3anBjieHie THMHpeBa, hto out. 
iiHKaKoro npe/wnpe>K\a,eHiH o CMOTp-fe He nojiynajrb, TaK"b KaK-b 
cpJiarb ocpHuep-b IllTa6a OjioTa, BbinojiHHTb /uaHHoe eMy npn- 
Ka3aHie no3a6bi.rb. 

H, bottj, nojiyHHB'E panopT-b THMHpeBa, HeneHHH-b nann- 

CaJTb THMHpeBy JIHHHOe H3BHHHTe.lbH0e nHCbMO Bib CaMblXT, Jip\- 

>i<ecKHXb TOHax-b (Ha3i>iBaH ero «,n.py>KHiue»), npocH ero npo- 
CTHTb ero h B3HTb CBofl panoprb Ha3a;rb h coo6maH, hto bhhob- 
HbiH B-b HeAopa3yM"BHiH (p./iarb-ocpHu.ep'b HaKa3aH-b 3a ero He- 
6pe>KH0CTb no cjiyjK6-B apecTOM-b. 

«5I IipOMe.Tb — rOBOpHT'b aBTOp'b BOCHOMHHaHifi, nHCbMO 

Moero ^pyra o<pHuepaMb h KOMaHirfe, npn newh .noGaBHji-b. hto, 
HPHHflB'b BO BHHMAHIE BOEHHOE BPEMfl, fl HO/lArAR), 
HTO MO>KHO yflOBJIETBOPHTbCfl 3THJWb riMCbMOAVb, 
BCBIWb OCTATbCH HA M-BCTAXTs H CMMTATb HHLI,MXIEHT'b 
MCMEPnAHHblJVrb , H fl Byfly TPEBOBATb HOBAPO 
CMOTPA» *). 



:!: ) KypcHBl Koi. B. X- 

112 



KoiweiiTHpoBaTb 3toti> pa3CKa3Tj KOMaimnpa «BaaHa» Te- 
nepb, Kor^a OH-b ywe He Mowerb jihhho OTB-feTHTb na He/i,oyM-KH- 
iibic Bonpocbi, HeBOJibHo hmT) Bbi3biBaeMbie, He HaxoKy bo3mo>k- 

HblM-b. H BCe «e AOJIWeH-b C03HaTbCH, MTO OHTj HeBOJIbHO HaBO- 
AHT"b Ha rpycTHbin MblCJIH. 

BCHKaH BOHHCKaH CHJia HC TOJIbKO BTj MHpHOC BpCMH, HO 

h euj.e Bt Sojibiueft M-fep-fe B-b BoenHoe, 3H)KAeTCH Ha iepapxHMec- 
Koft AHCUHnjiMH-fe, HapyiueHie KOTopoH poKOBbiM-b oSpasoMt OT- 
3biBaeTcn Ha caMOM"b en cymecTBOBaHiH. H ynoMHHyTbift anH3oa'b 
xapaKTepHO pncyerb HacKOJibKO y*e Tor^a co3HaHie stoh hcthhi>i 
obijio noKo.ie6-ieHO He TOJibKO btj cpe^-fe paAOBoro cocTaBa Ht- 
KOTopbix'b, Aawe HeciuHx-b 6oeByK) crpaAy, KopaSjieft. 

H eme, no CBoeiwy jnmHOMy onbrry *), h 6epycb yTBep«AaTb, 
mto h B-b jjaHHOM-b c/iyMafe, nHCbMO HeneHHHa 6hjio Bbi3BaHo 

OTHK)Ab He «Hrpoft Ha3afl"b», KaK"b 3TO jyMaJTb THMHpeBTj, a co- 
BCpiIieHHO HCKpeHHHIWb ■jKejiaVUeM'b B03CTaHOBHTb APyiKeCKiH OT- 

HOiuema, HapymeHHMH ero BcnbijibqHBOCTbio, KOTopyro npomajiH 
aiv bcb xopomo ero 3HaBiuie, ao MopcKoro MHHHcrpa bkjik)4h- 
•rejibHo. JXah toto. <-ito6w HanncaTb Tanoe nncbMO CBoeivty hoa- 
MHHeHHoiwy, OT-b qejiOB-EKa nojib3yroiu,arocfl orpoiwHofl BJiacrbio 
BoeHHaro BpeiweHH TpefioBajiocb KaqecTBO He HH>Ke My>KecTBa bo- 
eHHaro, a hmchho MY>KECTBO TPA>KZIAHCKOE. FIpHpoAa Aa- 
;ieKO He Bcer^a coqeTaerb 06a sth AOCTOHHCTBa bt^ OAHOiwb jih- 
ij-e. H He^oB-BKi. xpaSpwft B-b 6010 Hep-fcAKO naccyerb Taiwb, wfe 
rpe6yeTCH noAaBHTb coScTBeHHyro ropAOCTb. H Borb sthmt^ Ka- 
qecTBOM'b, KaKT> noATBep/KAaerb pa3CKa3i) THMHpeBa, HeneHHHi. 
o6jiaAa;rb Bt BecbMa bhcokoh CTeneHH. 



^py3bfl . 

ZIpeBHHH MyapocTb iyiacnrb: «CKa>KH mhtj kto tboh Apy3bfl 
h h CKa>Ky Te6 , fe kto tw». H bt> cb'et'b en .JiHMHocTb caiworo He- 
neHHHa onpeA^JiaeTCH, KaK-b cb oSiue-iwopajibHOH TaKT. h mhcto 

BOHHCKOH TOHCK'b Spt^HiH BeCbMa HpKO. 

BoJIbUJHHCTBO erO HaHSoJI-fee 6jIH3KHX"b Apy3eft He TOJIbKO 

npocTO ero TOBapHniH no BbinycKy hjih 6biBuiie cocJiy>KHBU,bi, 



*) "MopcKte 3auHci;n" Kn. ;M53, 1960 r. cip. 56-57. TjiaBa "Koh({>jihktt, ct> 
HpnennHi.iMi>". B. J. 

113 

M3 8 



Cb KOTOpblMH o6bHIHO CBJI3bIBaiOTb q&flOB'BKa HHCTO CeHTHMeH- 
TajIbHblH BOCnOMHHaHiH JiyHIHHXb AHeft MOJIOAOCTH. 

JocTaTOHHO BcnoMHHTb HMeHa BaxHpeBa, BepeHca. Koji- 
MaKa , R/ieHa , noArypcKaro , TpyxaieBa , LUeBCieBa h apy- 

THXb, HT06bI yBHA'BTb TT) 06lIUH BCBMb HMb HepTbl, Bbl3!>I- 

BaBiniH Bb HeMb qyBCTBa yBaweHifl h nojiHaro AOBtpiH, Ha koto- 

pblXb TOJIbKO H MOJKCTb C03AaBaTbCH nOA^HHHaH Apy>K6a. 

ripe)KA.e Bcero sto 6una Hxb BOHHCKaa Ao6jiecTb. apKo 

BblHBJieHHaH Bb AHH COBMbTTHOH 6oeBOH pa6oTI>I Bb THXOMb 

oKeaH-fe Bb ahh BoKcepcKaro B03CTaHi'H h nopTb-ApTypcKoft 3no- 
nen, 3arkMb npeAaHHOCTb (pJiOTy Bb anoxy ero B03po)KAeHiH 

nOAb BOAHTejIbCTBOMb TJiy60KO nOHHTaBIUarOCH BCBMH hmh aA- 

MHpajia H. O. 3cceHa h, HaKOHeub, o6mafl HMb BCBMb cepAenHan 
HHCTOTa, qy)KAan BCHKHXb 3aAHHXb Mbicjieft, HHTpnrb h npo- 

HCKOBb.. 

He AapoMb. bcb ohh nojib30Ba;iHCb He «nony,JiflpHOCTbK)» — 
9to noujjioe cjiobo 6m;io 6m coBepiueHHO HeyiwBCTHO a.ih onpe- 

A'bVieHiH OTHOIUeHiH Kb. HHMb Bb CpeA"k BCBXb MHHOBb BajiTifi- 

CKaro OjiOTa — a, hmchho, HXb yBawemeMb, a MHorie h HacTO- 
nmefi jiioSoBbK). 

H, BOTb, BblCOKO U/BHH HXb OTHOlHeme Kb" Ce6% H HXb OLVBH- 

kv ero pa6oTH HeneHHHb, bckop% no BCTynJieHin CBoevib Bb 
AOJiWHOCTb. o6paTHjiCH Kb craptHmeMy no roAaiwb BaxHpeBy 
cb npHMWMb BonpocoMb: KaK-b othochtch Kb Heiwy CTapmie 
nana^bHHKH nacTeft (pJiOTa? 

npHMOH, He 3HaBUliH HH JieCTH HH CTpaxa TOBOpHTb npaBA.v 

Bb rjia3a, «KopoHaTb» CKa3aJib TOJibKO oaho — «o6n)KaK)TCH, 

MTO TH Cb HaMH He COB-BTyeiUbCH*. 

3to, KOHeMHO 6hjio TaKb noTOMy, wto no caMOMV xapaK- 
Tepy CBoeiwy, HeneHHHb, Macro h oxotho npn6'hraBiuiH Kb co- 

B'feinaHiHMb CO CneniajIHCTaiWH «TeXHHKaMH», OTb KOTOpblXb OHb 

Morb noyMHTbCH, coBepnreHHO He Tepnfyib TaKb Ha3biBaeMbixb 

«B0eHHHXb COB-BTOBb», p-fcllieHm KOTOpblXb, npH CTOJIKHOBCHW 
pa3JIHHHHXb BOSSp-BHift, HeH36tj>KHO AO.IJKHbl npHHHMaTb nOJIO- 

BHHvaTbiH «KOMnpoMHccHbiH» xapaKTepb. 

BcHKoe oKOHnaTejibHoe p-femeine OHb npnHHMajib caiwb. 6e3- 
pa3A"BjibHO 6epn Ha ce6n h bckj OTB-BTCTBeHHOCTb 3a ero no- 

CJltiACTBiH. 

«C0B-BTb Bb. <J>HJIHXb», KaKb erO HapHCOBaJIb TOJICTOH, 6bl.lb 
OAHHMb H3b JIIo6HMbIXb HMb CTpaHHUb «B0HHI.I H Mnpa» H Bb 

STQMb oTHonieHi'H KyTysoB-b 6biJib eMy AyXOBHO cpoAHH. 
114 

*8 



HEnEHHirb M TEHEPAJIl) SEHHTj. 

KoMaiwyioiuciviy <J>jiotomi> 6ij.;ih noAMHuenbi, KpoiwB Mop- 
CKHXTb CH./i'b, h BoftcKa pacnojiowenHbiH B'b paftoHt Kpt^nOCTH 
HMiiepaxopa IleTpa BejiHKaro h Ha TeppHTopiH Ohhjihhzuh h bch 

rpa>KAaHCKaH B'b HHXT> ajIMHHHCTpaUJH. 

Bt> hhg/TB HenocpeACTBeHHO eiviy noAWHHeHHbix'b jihu^. 6h^t> 
ii reHepa.1T> - ry6epHaTopT3 Ohh^hhaih reHepa;rb - JiefiTeHaHTb 
3eflHT). 

Y)kc cb caiwaro Hawajia bohhm HeneiiHUb. B'b KanecTB'k Ha- 
Ma.ibHHKa C/iywSbi Cbjoh, 03a6owHBaacb npecfeqeHieivrb bo3mo>k- 
iioii iicpeAaMH Bpary paAio-AOHeceHJH ero innioiiOB'b HaxoAHiHHX- 
ch na TeppHTopiH Ohhjihhajh, co3/iajrb, KaKt y>Ke ynoMHiiajiocb 
mhok) paHbme, pn^Tj Ma.JiOMOiuHbix'b paaio-nejieHraTopubix'b nyn- 
KTOB'b, MoryinHxb pacKpbiTb !WBCTOHaxo)KAeHie TaKHx-b nepe^a- 

TOHHblX-b nyHKTOB-b. 

OAHaKo He MeH-fee BawHofi 3a,aaMeH HBJisuiacb opranH3auin h 
arcHTypHoft KOHTp'b-pa3B'EAKH Bis cpeAB caiworo HacejieHiH Be- 
jiHKaro KHH>KecTBa. H-feiweuKiH CHMnaTiH nocjrkAHHro, pa3CWH- 
TbiBaBuiaro Ha nojiyMemji B'b pesyjibTarb no6'fc,n,bi TepiwaHiH noji- 

HOH CaMOCTOHTeJIbHOCTH CBOefl CTpaHbl. HH AJIH KOrO TaHHOH He 

6bi»iH. H Ha o6H3aHHOCTH OxpaHHaro OTA'BJieHia MHHHCTepcTBa 
BHyTpeHHHx-b R-kn-b -Jie>Kajio Ha6jno,aeHie lOK-b 3a BoeHUbiMT) 
ninioHa>KeM'b Taicb h peBOJuoujoHHO-nojiHTHwecKoft paSoTOH 
upara, HiwBBUieH u.'B.Jibio MopajibHoe pa3Jio>KeHie He TOJibKO B'b 
iiace.ieHiH, ho h, npe>KAe Bcero, B'b cpe;rfc BOHHCKHx-b h mopckhxtj 
wacreH pacnojiOKeHHbix-b Ha TeppHTopiH h B'b nopiax'b <J>hh- 

.1HHA1H. 

yen'BX'b TaKOH pa60TbI 3aBHCEjrb, KOHeHHO, OTb nOJIHOH 

KoopAHHam'H bcbxtd ycH^ift rpantaaHCKHX'b h BoeHHbix-b BJiacTeft 

BO IViaB'B Cb KoMaHAyroiHHMTj OjIOTOlWb. O^HaKO, TaKOBOH, Ha- 

CKO.ibKO mo>kho cyAHTb no pe3y^bTaTaMT3, npH aAMHpaJI"B KaHH- 
n-fc AOCTHTHyTO He 6hjio h pa3jiaraioman nponaraazia Bejiacb ujh- 
pok'o no Bceft TeppHTopiH BejiHKaro KHnwecTBa, pacnpocrpaHfl- 
HCb h Ha 3KHna>KH 6a3HpoBaBuiHx-b bt> ero nopTax-b xopaSjiefi. 

06Hapy)KHBT. 3Torb onacHbift npopbiB-b Ha BHyTpeHHeM-b 
tbpoHT-fe HeneHHH-b crajrb HawHMaTb Ha reHepajrb-ry6epHaTopa, 
rpeoya hphhhtjh paAHKajibHbix-b Mtp'b. H, 6yAynH He yAOBJieTBO- 
peH-b Hep-RiHHTe^bHOCTbK) maroBT. noc/rBAHnro, OH"b He pa3i> yKa- 

3bIBajTb CMV Ha 9T0 B'b CTOJIb [TB3K0H (pOpM"B, HTO, KaR-b CBH- 

115 



A^TeJibCTByerb OAHfrb H3i> iihhobi. IIlTa6a <Pjiora *), renepn.n, 
3eMH"b 6yKBajibHo nepeA"b HHiwb TpeneTajrb. Ybw, Bee sto 6i>mo 
yme cjihujkomtd no3AHO h, KaK-b nonaaajiH co6biTia, HcnpaBHTb 
nc/ioweme OKa3a;iocb coBepmeHHo HeBOSMo^Hbiivrb. 

3aT0 jihhho jxjih reHepa^a 3eHH"b, Kor^a B-b ahh peBOJiioniH 
HBHjiacb yrpo3a caMoft ero >kh3hh co ctopohi.i TOJinw, cnpoBO- 
UHpoBaHHOH Heji'bnbiM'b o6BHHeHieM"b ero Bis umioHawfe, cnace- 
nie npHiujio hh orb Koro Apyroro, Kaicb hmchho co CTopoHi>t 
Toro ace HeneHHHa. 

BoTb, MTO pa3CKa3bIBaK)T'b 06"b STOM'b JIHVHbie CBHA'BTe.'MT 
9Toro C06bITiH. 

C"b Hawa^OM-b 6yHTa bt> neTporpaA"B B-b <t>CBpajrl> 1917 r. 
HeneHHH'b CTaji-b ejKeAHeBHO co6HpaTb Ha «Kpewerb» cpJiarMaHOBi. 

II KanHTaHOBTa RJlfl B3aHMHOH HHCpOpMauiH. 

«2 MapTa KOMaHAHpi) «CjiaBbi», nan. 1 p. n. M. UjieHT>, Bep- 

HVBIHHCb Ch OAHOrO H3"b TaKHXTs C06paHJH, rOBOpHTb JieHT. 

itHK.-Mex. K. H. Ma3ypeHKO **), cooSmHjrb o(J)HuepaM-b, vro bi> 
yrorb me AeHb, c% ero corjiacin Ha npocb6y KoMaHayiomaro 
na KopaSjib 6yAyT"b AOCTaBJieHbi reHepajrb 3efiH-b h npeAcbAa- 

leJIb <J>HHJIHHACKarO CeHaTa TaHHblft COB'BTHHK'b BopOBHTH- 

HOB-b ***), qTo6bi ySepenb hxtj orb SKCu.eccoB'b Ha 6epery. H bcko- 
p-fe 3arEM'b 9th jmu,a, btj conpoBOiKAeHiH cpjiarb-otpHuepa LUTa- 
6a <I>JioTa, npH6bijiH Ha Kopa6jib h 6bi.iH noM'bmeHbi btj aAMH- 
pajibCKOMij noMtmeHiH, K"b ABepn KOToparo 6biji-b npncTaBJieHb 
qacoBoft rjih nx-b oxpaHH. Ha cjrfeAyiomiH AeHb. Bc/i-bAt- 3a o6"b- 
siBJieHieM-b KOMaHA"B Kopa6jiH o6-b OTpeqemH TocyAapH, KOMaHAa 
•lepesij CBoero npeACTaBHTejiH. aojiokhm KOiwaHAHpy, hto Mar 
pocbi jihh. Kop. «HMnepaTop-b IlaBejrb I» h «AHApefl FIepB03BaH- 
hhh» H3A"bBai0TCH HaA'b «CjiaBOH», Ha3WBaH ee «njioByweH Tiopb- 
moh» HST^-sa Haxo>KAeHifl Ha Heft ynoMHHyTbix-b jinu-b. KoMaHAHp"b 

OTB-BTHJI-b, MTO OHT> AOJIOMHTb o6l> 3TOM"b KOMaHAyK)lH.eMy. 

T-BM-b BpeiweHeM'b ct> «naBjia» B-b MeracpoH-b cTajiH nepeAaBaTbca 
noACTpeKaTe^bCTBa KOMaHAW «C/iaBbi» K-b y6iftcTBy 3eftHa h Bo- 



*) Kan. 2 p. $. K). ^obkohtb — iihclmo aBTopy. 

**) Abtopi npeKpacHoft khmh "Ha "CjiaBi" bt> Fhhcckomi 3araBi". Hsj. 
1'irarone'iaTnH npen. IoBa ITonaeBCKaro bt> Cb. TponiiKOMT. Monacn>ipi, JKopflaui- 
BHJti., H. I. cTp. 48-50. 

***) Kara H3Bicnio bmGoph HaccaeuieMk <fHMfliuiH IIpeAciAaTCM CeHaTa 6li- 
.ih bi noc,Jif>AHee HapcTBOBanie OTM^HeHBi h TaKOBoii CTaJiT> Ha3HaqaTicfl KopoHofi. 9to 
h nocjryJKHJio noBo^OMt K'i ero HenonyjiapHoern a jaste BpaameoHaro ki Hexy ot- 
nomeHiro, B. ,H. 

116 



pOBHTKHOBa Cb yrp030H OTKpblTb ITO «CjiaB-fe» OrOHb. Bb> 3T0 

BpeMH Ha 9THX-b Kopa6^Hx-b y)Ke Hanajiocb H36ieHie CBOHx-b otfw- 
uepoBT>. 

H, BOTb, Bb caMbifi paarap-b HawnHaBuiaroca 6ynTa, kt> 
«GiaB-fe» noAouiejrb npHCjiaHHHH aBTOMo6HJib, Ha KOTopoMb. 
06a 3th jinua h 6hjih AOCTaBjieHbi Ha «Kpe i ieT'b». 

IloBeAeHie KOMaHAbi SToro noc/rEAHaro Kopa6jia — hcbo- 
opy)KeHHaro napoxoAa o6pameHHaro Bb> n;ioByqee noM-fememe ajih 
LLlTaSa Ojiora — cnoKOHHo OTHecmeftca Kb. npnGbiTiK) Ha Hero 
3THx-b 0Ai03Hbixb, AJia 6yHTyiouxHX'b KOMaHATj 6oeBbix-b cyAOB-b 
;iHH,"b, apno yKa3HBaeTb. Ha to AOB-fepie, cb> KOTopbHvrb oHa ot- 
nocHjiacb K-b A"BHCTBiHMb HeneHHHa, ycn-BB-b 3a HeAO^rie M-Bcauu 
6jiH3Karo conpHKOCHOBeHia cb. hhmtd, xopoiuo y3HaTb h oh/e- 
HHTb ero. 

Ho, pa3yM-fceTCH, «Kpe4erb» He npeACTaB.zia.jib> HaAe^KHaro 
ajih npecjibAyeMbixb> jinivb y6%jKHiua. H, KaKb> TOJibKO JKejrE3- 
noAopo>KHoe cooSmeme TejibCHHrcpopca cb> IleTporpaAOMb. 6ujio 
B03CTaHOB^eHO, HeneHHHb> cne.Ji'h HaHJiymuHMb OTnpaBHTb HXb> 
TyAa, rA"B ohh moimih BCTynHTb noAb> oxpaHy TocyAapcTBeHHoft 

JiytAU, aBHBHieHCH yG'EJKHmeM'b AJIH BCBXTj rOHHMbIXb> CaHOBHH- 
KOBb. 

JXnn BbinojiHeHia SToro nopywema ohtj BOcnojib30BajiCH aiy- 
qaftHbiM'b npe6biBaHieM'b Ha Kopa6jrfc HaiajibHHKa LllHcppoBa^b- 
naro OTA"BJia MopcKoro TeHepaJibHaro lIlTa6a Kan. 2 p. B. B. 
PoMaHOBa. 

«Bb> STOT-b Benepb, — . pa3CKa3biBaerb nocji-BAHiH *), — no- 
uiejib no - B3Ab> Bb> CnB, h AApiaHb> Tyrb ace nopymun> Mirk ot- 
Be3TH h AOCTaBHTb bt> rocyAapcTBeHHyio JXywy OHHjiHHACKaro 
reHepajib.-ry6epHaTopa TeHepajia 3eftHb> **), npa neu-b mh-b Bb> 
noMomb Aani) 6biJib> KBapTepiweHCTepb> h, Ka>KeTca, qeTbipe MaT- 
poca cb BHHTOBKaMH h oco6mh BaroHb>. H onoacajica ca6jieft n 
Hcno^HHJib. nopyneme. Bee sto 6buio TparHHHo, cb MajieHbKHM'b 
npHBKycoMb onepeTKH, KorAa yHTepb-ocpHiiepb. Hanajrb otho- 

CHTbCH KO MH+3 nOKpOBHTe^bCTBCHHO, AaBaH MH"B nOHHTb, HTO VJ13.- 
BOH SKCneAHUiH HB^HeTCH Bb. CyLUHOCTH OHb>, 3. BOBCe He 3 . . . HjIH, 

KorAa Ha JlHTeflHOMb MOCTy ycn'BBuiaa oSHarjrbTb h pa3Hy3AaTb- 



*) IIhclmo aBTopy 11-11-60 r. 

**) T. k. no mohmt. cBi^eiuaMi CeHaT. M. M. Bopobhthhobi 6m.tb Taut jko 
AowaBJieui bt. T. AyMy, r;ri, bmbctb cb reH. Se&rn,, ocBo6ojKAeHT, ort "apecTa", na- 
jo AyMait, ito aBTopi Bocnoiuiiiauiii jihuib cjiyiaiiHO He ynoaauyii ero HMemi. B. Jl. 

117 



ch TOJina y3HaBi3 o tomi., mo Be3yrb «KpoBO>KaAHaro» reHepa.ia 

H3T) 0HHJIHH.ZUH, CTaJia npOHBJIHTb «arpeCCHBHI>IH» HyBCTBa H fl 

nowejrb 3a Sjiaro o6Ha>KHTb ca6jiK>, mto, HeciwoTpa Ha en «HeoT- 
nymeHHOCTb» npoH3Bejio Ha npoxcoKHX-b KejiaeMoe A'bftcTBie, 
KaKij BupaiKaeTCH Ky3bMa npyTKOBb». 



nPMMTiMAHIE . 

HcKpeHHe npH3H3Te^eHT> B. B. PoMaHOBy 3a jnofiesnyro no- 
npaBKy BHeceHHyio hmt> B"b moh pa3CKa3"b o HHHax-b MHHHCTepcT- 
Ba HHOCTpaHHbixT. JX^ji-b HasHaMeHHbix-b Ha paAio-CTaHujio LUnnT- 
raMH-b ( T. 18 kh. 52 «MopcKHx-b 3anHCOK-b») *). 

JIhhho, no aojdkhocth HawajibHHKa LLlHcppoBajibHaro Ota^- 
jia M. TeH. LLlTa6a, nocBTHBinifi ee, oht^ CBHA"feTejibCTByerb, hto, 

BO-nepEblX-b, HHKaKHXTj ApyrHXt MMHOBTj STOrO MHHHCTepCTBa, 

KpoiwB caMoro OaTepjiefiHa, Taiwb He 6hjio. JXjih noGTBAHnro >Ke, 
KOToparo HeneHHHij paA^ Sbijrb OKpyKHTb BcnwecKHMH 3a6oTa- 

MH, eblJTb BbICTpOeHT> OC06bIH AOMTj, BTj KOTOpOMT) OH'b ;KH*Tb 

co cBoeft *eHOH. 

TaKHMTj o6pa30MTj npnnHcaHHaH AApiaHy HBaHOBHiy xjiecr- 

Kafl Cppa3a HBJIHJiaCb MHCpOM'b. 

«AAPIAHy MOJ1BA nPHOHCblBAJIA CTO/lbKO BblPA- 
>KEHIPI», — roBopHi"b ohtd. Kanoe u-feHHoe saiwBMaHie. JlereHAbi 
h aHeK/tOTbi cJiaraiOTca TOAbKO o rfex-b BOJIbUJHX'b JlFOJlflX'b, 

KOTOpblX'b HXIj COBpeMeHHHKH H nOTOMCTBO IipeB03HOCHJIH ne- 

peA^ ApyrHMH. HepBAKO ohh roBopnrb o mcjiob'bk'e 6o^biue, 
H-BM-b caiwa HCTopiH, KOTopaa, Kaicb h BCHKoe a+wio pyict hg/iob-e- 

MeCKHX'b TO»e rp'BUJHT'b Hep^AKO. A >KHByrb OH'B BT> riaMJITH 

napoAHofl MHoro Kptnie h AOJibine h^mu to, mto xpanHTCH in. 

TO^ICTHX'b TOMaX'b Ha KHH/KHWXTj nOJIKaXT.. B. J\. 



OTT> ABTOPA. 

ripHHoujy SjiaroAapHOCTb A. ft. BaKCMyTy 3a yKa3ame oihho- 
kh B"b HMeHOBaHiH KoiwaHAHpa «CnaBbi» Kan. 1 p. Ba3eMCKaro 

«KHH3eM"b», KaKOBOTO THTyjia OH'b He TOJIbk'O He HM-BJITj, HO H 

«o6H>KajiCH earn kto-jih6o no oujh6k'b ero Tak"b Ha30Berb». 3Ta 



*) IIuclmo I'. 11. Tuyue 15-10-60. 11. J. 

118 



moh He6pe>KHOCTb T'bM'b 6o.Tfee HenpocTHrejibHa, mto y MeHfl 
noA"b pyKofi hiwbvich Bee BpeMH npeKpacHbift TpyAt HH>K.-MeX. 
.leflT. Ma3ypenKO «Ha «CjiaB'b» B-b Phwckomt. 3ajiHB"E». Cbh- 
uteHHOH ajih Bcfex-b copaTHHKOB'b naiwHTH 3Toro CKpoMHaro re- 
poa, roptBiuaro jiHuib wejiaHieM-b onpaBAaTb hmh cBoerd ko- 
pa6jia, HHKaKHx-b npuKpacb, KpoM-fe 3BaHia ocpHuepa PyccKaro 
M.MnepaTopcKaro <t>JiOTa Hecrao HcncMHHBiuaro cboh AOJirb ao 
KOHua, KOHeMHO He TpeSyeTCH. 

ABT0p"b IlHCbMa npHBOAHTb" npH STOIWb OAHO BeCbMa HHTe- 

pecHoe BocnoMHHaHie. B-b 30-x-b roAax-b 6. HaqajibHHK'b OTA'b./ia 
.iHHHaro CocTaBa bt> LLh-ao-fe K-m,aro B. OjioToivrb K.-a. Thmh- 
peB'b pa3CKa3biBajii3 eiuy, hto npn Ha3HaneHiH KOMaHAHpa npeA- 
nasHawaBiuarocH Kb noxoAy Bt Phjkckjh 3a^HBi. ji. k. «CjiaBa» 
eiwy Shjio npHKa3aHO Bbi6paTb TaKoro, «KOToparo He >KajiKO». 
Omcbhaho KOMaHAOBaHie cpjiOTOM-b CHHTajio Kopa6;ib o6pe- 
MeHHbiMt Ha rH6ejib. Ho BOJieio cyAb6bi «CnaBa» nepeacHJia cbo- 
ero c/iaBHaro KOMaHAHpa, naBinaro orb pa3pbiBa 6-th ak)hmoboh 
mpanHe^H, ockojikh KOTopoft npoHHKJin bt> aiw6pa3ypy 6poHeBoft 

GaUiHH H y6HjlH BCEX^ B"b Hefl HaXOAHBUIHXCH, 3a HCKJIKmeHieMTj 

CTapmaro uiTypiviaHa — A. IT BaKCMyxa — noBHAHMOMy ctohb- 
luaro CK^OHHBiuHCb HaA"b KapTofl 3a 6poHeft. 

Kopa6;ib nepoKHji-b CBoero KOMaHAHpa, ho AyxT> noarfeAHH- 
ro ocTajiCH B"b ero jihhhomt> cocxaB-fe ao OKOHqaTejibHoft pa3pyxn 
Bcero Ba^TificKaro (fwiOTa. B. JX. 

(OuoHMaHie cji'Myen.) 

B. AyiiopoB-b 



3AlWfcWEHHblH OnEMATKM. 

Bt> Toiwt XVIII N°2 Km. 52 Op. 30 CTpona 14 

B'b 3aro;ioBK"B rjiaBbi HanewaTaHo: BOH y SCTEPrAHA. 
C.itAyeT-b MHTaTb — BOPI y 3CTEPrAPHA. 

Taiwb me CTp. 37 noACTpoMHoe npHM-fewaHie CTpoKa 3-h chh- 
3y — cpaMHjiiK) «A3AP'BEB'b» cji-EAyerb WHTaTb — «A3APbEBl>» 

TaMTj *e CTp. 45 — CTpoKa 4-h cBepxy: Hmh h OTwecTBO 
HHmeHepa aBiauiH IIlHUJKOBa — naBC/rb A./ieKcaHApoBHW'b, hhh- 
Uiajibi A. H. ouinGomibi. 

119 



M. M. Tbeaep-b, 



H3"b npouj/iAro 



Bt> HacToninee BpeMH AOCTH)KeHm TexHHKH HenpepbiBno 
njiyrb BnepeA"b h, bt. qacTHOCTH, b^ noABOAHCWb ruiaBamH ao- 
CTHrjiH npeA'BJiOB'b, KOTopux-b Aa)Ke uujiKan cpaHTa3in >Kiojib 
BepHa He iworjia npHAyMaTb: noABOAHbia jioakh ct> aTOMHbiMH 
ABHraTejiHMH, BOAOH3iwfemeHieM-b ao 6900 TOHH-b, nojyh ,ieAH- 
HbiM"b noxpoBOM-b AOCTHraiOT'fa CBBepHaro nojiroca (USS "Scate") 
btd norpyiKeHHOMiD coctohhIh coBepujaKrrb AByxM-ECHHHbiH Kpy- 
rocB-BTHbia njiaBamH (USS "Triton"), M-EcauaMH, B-b nojiHoft 
6oeBoft roTOBHOCTH, B-b norpyjKeHHOMis coctohhIh, naTpyjiHpy- 
ron> CTpaTerHMecKie nyHKTbi. 

^ToSbl CpaBHHTb, Cb KaKHMH 3aTpyAHeHJHMH CTajIKHBa.THCb 

nioHepbi noABOAHaro nJiaBaHin b^ nepBbie roAbi cro cymecTBO- 
naiuH, HHTepecHO 3aiviHHyTb bt> npoiujioe. 

Bt> 1912 r. jiefiT. M. M. TbeAep-b, 6biBin. KOMaHAHp-b noA- 

BOAHOH JIOAKH «CKaT-b», H3A3^Tb, IlOA'b nCCBAOHHMOM'b 3Mre, 

cboh BocnoMHHaHia, OTHOCHmiHCH K"b nepBhiM-b nonbiTKaMTj co- 
3AaHia noABOAHaro cjwiOTa h kt> nepioAy pyccKO-HnoHCKofi Boii- 

HH. ABTOp"b, BT> CBOeft KHHTt «Ha nOABOAHOH JIOAK%» (T-BO CKO- 

poneMaTaHie A. A. JleoeHcoH-b, MocKBa 1912, 117 CTp.), o6pHco- 
BbiBajn> HenoAroTOBJieHHOCTb cpJiOTa, HCB'BjKecTBO Bbicuiaro KO- 
MaHAHaro cocTaBa, 6iopoKpaTH3MT3 h saoynOTpeGaesBH in. nop* 
TOBbix-b yvpejKACniax-b MopcKoro BtAOMCTBa. 

120 



«Bo;ibHO 6i>ijio nHcaTb 3Ty KHH>KKy» — nHiuerb M. M. Tbe- 
Aept Bt npeAHC^OBiH ko 2-My H3AamK), «ho eu;e GojibH-fee 6buio 
ptiuHTbCH BbinycTHTb ee Ha cyjyh o6ni,ecTBa . . . Ecjih h bo3bm- 
CHji-b TorAa cboh, ncwiHbift rjiy6oKoft ckop6h h omaHHia rojiocb, 
to He paAH K^eBeTbi Ha cpjiorb, H e B'b ocyKACHie ero, a jiHiub 
bt> npeAynpe>KAeHie HOBbix-b onacHOCTeft . . .». 

Bt> nepioA"b noc^fe pyccKO-anoHCKOH bohhh h pa3rpoMa cpjio- 
- ra bi> uycHMCKOM'b 6010, pyccnaa oSmecTBeHHOCTb 6buia Haerpo- 
CHa KpHTHqecKH h CKopte HeAo6poiKejiaTejibHo ko BceMy mto 
Kaca^ocb (pJiOTa. h 3Ta HeSojibmaa KHHiKKa HM-fejia Sojibmon 
ycntx-b. B"b npeccfe newaTajmcb oAo6pHTejibHbie 0T3biBH h bh- 

Aep>KKH «H3T> AHeBHHKa IIOABOAHHKa». H3B-BCTHHH Cpe^beTOHHCTb 
10rO BpeMeHH M. 0. MeHLliHKOB'b, B"b CTaTbHX'b BTb «H0B0MTj 

BpeMeHH» Ha3biBa.il. KHHry 3iwre — upaBAofl o (pjiorb. 

Abtoptj Jiio6e3H0 npHCJia./i'b B'b peAaKujio «MopcKHX'b 3a- 
iihcokTj» eAHHCTBeHHMH coxpaHHBiuiHCH y Hero 3K3eMnJIHp'b 

KHHTH, H H3"b HeH HHJKe CerO npHBOAHTCH BOCnOMHHaHifl M. M. 

TseAepa. 

PeAaKuin. 



iioaboahoe KPEiUEHiE . riEPBbiH cnycKi> no/rb BOJiy. 

CeroAHH Moe noABOAHOe Kpememe — nepBbift moh criycKb 

nOAt BOAy; H IlOrpyHOJICH Ha TOJIbKO HTO 3aK0HHeHH0H JIOAKtj. 

3to Bcero TOJibKO BTopofi esi onwrb; nepBoe Hcni>rraHie Ha Hen 
npoH3BOAHJi'b BMepa caiwb H3o6p , BTaTe,ib. 

Ha JioAKt 6biJiH cA^aHbi noAroTOBHTejibHbiH pacnopH>Ke- 
nin, a^ih wero npHinjiocb otohth Ha Gojrfee rjiySokoe iwbcto; kt> 
j-roiwy >Ke BpeiweHH Sijjih 3aKOHweHbi HcnbiTaHia boahhuxt. otcb- 

KOB"b H HanOJIHeHIJ BCB XpaHHTejIH B03AyX0M"b, OKaTI.IM'b ao 150 

axMOC(pep"b. 

norpyweme aojdkho 6i.ijio upoHcxoAHTb na M'hcrb 6e3i3 
xoAa. 

Flo KOMaHAt H3o6p-BTaTe^H KaiKAwft H3-b SKHnaiKa h o6ywa- 
jomarocH cocraBa sauna?) CBoe onpeA'BJieHnoe ivtecto BHyxpH 

JIOAKH. H yCTpOHJICH B'b CUMOII GoeBOli pyCK'b, B'b KOTopoii oOhk- 

121 



iiOBeHHO cocpeAOTMHBaeTCH ynpaBJieme jioakoh h noM-fciuaeTCH 
KOMaHAHp"b, KOTopaH ocTaBajiacb Tenepb cbo6oahoh, Taicb Kaicb 
H3o6p'BTaTejib Ha nepBbix-b onbiTaxi. ptiLUHJi'b HaxoAHTbCH no- 

CpeAHHt (BHyTpH) JIOAKH, HTOSbl HM-ETb B03MO>KHOCTb, nOKa 

KOMaHAa em,e He o6BbiKJiacb, caMOMy 3opKO cji%AHTb 3a tow- 
Hbiwh HcnojiHeHieMi) Ka>KAaro nepeAaHHaro hmt? npHKa3amH. 

BBHAy Toro, hto nepHCKoirb, nocpeACTBOM"b KOToparo JioAKa 

TOflbKO H nOJiynaerb B03MO>KHOCTb Ha6.1K)AaTb 3a BCBM-b npoHC- 

xoahiuhmtj Ha noBepxHocTH BOAbi, eme He 6i>i</rb ycTaHOBJieHb 

Ha M'BCTO, HaXOAHluieCH BHyTpH JIOAKH JIK3AH MOIVIH CyAHTb o 

nocjitAOBaTejibHOM-b nepexoA'b jioakh h3t> ea ncmaro HaABOA- 
Haro cocTOHHiH B-b nojiHoe noABOAHoe HCKJiiOMHTejibHO no rjiy- 
6oKoiwBpy, t. e. npH6opy, noKa3biBaK)ineiviy bt> Ka>KAwft AaHHbift 
MOiweHTT. rjiy6HHy norpyweHin jioakh. H we, HaxoAflCb bt^ ko- 
MaHAHpcKoft pySK-fe, KOTopan 6wjia CHaSweHa qeTbipbMH ujuim- 
MHHaTopaiwH ajih opieHTHpoBKH 6e3-b noMoujH nepHCKona, no- 

jyMa.JI'b B03MO>KHOCTb 6bITb eAHHCTBeHHMM'b CBHA'kTejieM'b, KaK"b 

jiOAKa, nocTeneHHO npHHHMan boahhoh 6ajiacrb Bt cboh otcb- 
kh, SyAeTb norpy>KaTbCH, oct3b;ihh Bee MeHbmyio nacTb CBoero 
Kopnyca HaA"b boaoh, noKa coBepmeHHo He CKpoeTCH cb nosepx- 

HOCTH H He OKaKeTCH Ha AHTd. TyT"b )Ke OKOJIO MeHH HaXOAH^HCb 
BCB CHrHa^bHbie npH6opbI, H"ECKO,7IbKO KOHTpOJIbHblX'b MaHOMeT- 

poBb, noKa3biBaK)mHXT3 niiy6HHy xoAa jioakh noA'b boaoh, py- 
,'ieBbie npH6opbi, TC/ierpatpu B"b MaiiiHHy h K"b pyjiHM'b, ajiexTpn- 
MecKifl npHBOA"b a^ih BpameHia kt. nepHCKony h npon. 

KoMaHAHpij nocjitjAHin pa3T> o6oniejrb BepxHioio na;iy6y, 

l lT06bI y6-BAHTbCH, BTj TOMHOCTH JIH HCnO.IHeHbl BCB OTAaHHblH 
HM"b npHKa3aHiH; 3aT-BMT3 CnyCTH.'ICH no Tpany B"b OTKpblTblH 

eiue JiiOK-b h 3aHHJi'b CBoe iwecto. 

no ero KOMaHA^ «rjiaBHbiH bxoahoh Jiroicb 3aApaHTb» — 
KpbiiuKa 6ojibLuoro BXOAHoro JiiOKa 6biCTpo onycrnjiacb Ha CBoe 
M'bcro, saKpuBTj noc/rEAHiH Haurb BbixoA"b Hapywy. KorAa 3a- 
ApafiKH 6biJin Kp-fenKO 3aBepHyTbi, CTOHBiniA Ha stoh o6H3anHo- 

CTH MaTpOCb rpOMKO AOJIOJKHJI'b KOMaHAHpy, WTO «IViaBHbIH 
BXOAHOH JHOICb SaApaeHW, H 3T0Tb OTB'ferb, Ka3a;iocb, Ha KaAi- 

Aoe jihu.0 Hajio>KH^i) 3aiwBTHbiH oTneHaTOKt KaKoro-TO ocTparo 
omymeHin, tohho Hac-b HaBcerAa OTp-B3ajiH orb atHBoro Mipa h 

Ha HaiUT) eAHHCTBeHHblft BbIXOA"b BTj 9T0Tb Mipij n^OTHO HaABH- 

nyjm THwejiyio njrHTy. Ctj stoto MOiweHTa Kanoe-TO oco6oe o6a- 
HHie npio6p-ETaerb KaiKAoe cjiobo, Ka>KAoe ABHJKCHie KOManAH- 

122 



pa, 3a KOTopi>iM-b Tcmiacb >Ke cji-kjiyeTh caiwoe TOWHoe h nyHK- 
ryajibHoe HcnojiHeHie — KawAbift otjihwho co3Haerb, mto Tenepb 
onHTHOCTH OAHoro MejioB-BKa BB-fepeHa jxparou'BHHaa >KH3Hb Bcero 
3KHna>Ka jioakh. Eme p-fe3Me cpeAH MorHjibHoft thujhhm nocflbi- 
majiacb AajibH-BHUjaa Koiwaana o HanojmemH eajiacrabix'b uh- 
CTepH"b. h eme pt3Me h eme HenpiaTH'fce 3acBHCT-Ejrb h3Tj boah- 

HblX'b UHCTepH'b BOSAVXTa, KOTOpblH SblCTpO paCnpOCTpaHMJIl) BT> 

noM'femeHiH jioakh KaKyro-TO THJKejiyK), yAyniJiHByio h cbipyro 
aTMOC(J)epy — 3to BOAa HanoJiHHjia otcbkh h BbirECHHJia orryAa 
B03jxyxTo, nocreneHHO vBejiHHHBan B"ECb jioakh h nocTeneHHO 
VMeHbuian ea njiOBynecTb. BcKop-fe KaKaa-To TawecTb bt. ymax-b, 
a TaK>Ke npH6opw ne 3aMeAJiHJiH noKa3aTb, mto AaBjieme btj 

JIOAKt OTb ripHSblBaiOmarO B03AyXa CTaHOBHTCH nOBblUieHHblM'b; 

HToSbi pa3p"BAHTb ero, KoiwaHAHp-b Aaerb npHKa3aHie oTKpbiTb 

BI.ITH>KHOH BeHTHJIHTOp"b, KOTOpblH 6bICTpO ypaBHHBaerb AaB- 

.ienie h TOTHact >Ke CHOBa repiweTHwecKH 3ai<pbiBaeTca. 

rio cocpeAOToneHHOMy jihuv KOMaHAHpa bhaho, Kant 3opKO 
CTB/lHT'b OHTj 3a ABHJKeHieiWb CTp-BJIKH rjiy6oKOM'fepa H ny3bipb- 
KOM"b KpeHOMCTpa, MTo6bI BO-BpeiWH OCTaHOBHTb JlOCTyWh BOAM 

btd Sa.iacTHbie UHerepHbi, h KaKT> TOJibKo ohtj 3aMt>Haerb tch- 

AeHUJK) CTp-BJIKH p-B3KHMT3 CKaMKaMT), 6bICTpO OTA^STb npHK83a- 

Hie 3acTonopHTb HanojmeHie rjiaBHbix-b SajiacTHbix'b otcbkobtj, 
h safEM-b HaMHHaeTT) HanojiHeHie ueHTpajibHOH chctcmij. npn 
iiomouih KOTopoft HanojmeHie CTaHOBHTCH Sojrbe p-B3KHMT3. He- 

pe3"b CTeKJia HJIJIIOMHHaTOpOB'b KOMaHAHpCKOH pySKH CT8JIO bha- 

ho, hto BOAa y>Ke npHKpwjia bcio najiySy, ocTaBHBT> HaA^ noBepx- 
HOCTbK) BOAbi TOJibKO MacTb py6KH. BcKop-b BOAa nOAOUIJia K"b 
caMbiM"b CTeKJiaiwb, h bojihoh y>Ke Hanajia 3axjiecTBaTb hxt>, H3- 
ptAKa 3aKpMBaH h AOCTyma CKB03b hhxt> jiyMaiwb cojiHua. Te- 
nepb B"b SOAK'S ocTaeTCH y>Ke caiwaH Hefjojibiuaa ocTaTOHHaa njio- 

BJ'MeCTb. Cb HCMe3HOBeHieM"b KOTOpOH JIOAKa, KaK"b BCHKOe TO- 

Hyiuee cyAHO, nofiAerb ko Any; cb stoh >Ke miOBywecTbio OHa 
coBepuiaerb h cboh nepexoAbi noA"b boaoh — AOCTaTOHHo xuia 

STOrO TO^bKO AaTb BT> MaiUHHti «nOJIHbIH XOA"b» H nOJIO>KHTb 

pv.ib rviySHHbi Ha «HOTonjieHie». 

I~Iv3bipeK'b KpeHOMeTpa, CTOHBiuift Bee Bpeiwa ao chxtj nopia 
Ha Hy.TB, BApyr"b SbiCTpo OTOiuejrb ottj HyjiH BnpaBO h crajrb 
11a A^'ienie «4» — sthmtj oht> AaBa^"b 3HaTb, hto Ha jioak'e noa- 

BH.TCH KpeHTj H3 HOCb B"b 4°. EABa TO^bKO KOMaHAHp"b nOKCJiaJITi 

npHHHTb npeaynpeAHTejibHbin M'hpu ajih B03CTaHOBJieHia napy- 

123 



meHHaro paBHOB-fecia, KaKt ny3Mpei< , b KpeHOMeTpa 6bicTpo no- 

KaTHJICH AaJIbWe BnpaBO, H BM'BCT'B Cb rBMb. MrHOBeHHO CTeMHTWIO 

B-b HJiJiiOMHHaTopaxTj py6KH, h Bee, hto OKa3ajiocb He3aKp-BnjieH- 
Hbiiwb btj jioak'e, nocbinajiocb Kb hocoboh en nepeSopK-fe. ycra- 

HOBHBLUeeCH SblJIO ptlUHTejIbHUMH H XJiaAHOKpOBHHMH npHKa- 

3aHiflMH KOMaHAHpa cnoKOHHoe orapaBJieHie KOMaHAoft eH o6a- 
saHHOCTefl cM-feHMJiocb y MHorHX-b, SjiaroAapa Heo>KHAaHHOH 06- 

CTaHOBK"B, OCO6OH HepBHOCTbK), KOTOpaH p-fiSKO BblJIHJiaCb Ha 
MHOrHXTb JIHUaXb, HTO, BnpOMeM"b, HBJIHJIOCb BnOJIH'E npOCTH- 

TejibHbiMb>, TaKT) Kaicb norpy>KeHie a.ih 6o.7ibiuHHCTBa H3"b npH- 
cyTCTByiom,Hxb> 6bijio B"BAb TOJibKo nepBbiiwb HcnbuaHieMb). 
XjiaAHOKpoBie caMoro H3o6ptyraTejiH bckop+3, oAHaKO. cHOBa 3a- 

CTaBHJIO HaCb 3a6bITb O BCBX-b BOSMOKHblX-b OnaCHOCTHX'b H 

cji-feno AOBtpHTbCH ero onbiraoc™. BcKopt A'tficTBHTejibHo paB- 
HOB"Bcie eiwy yAaJiocb B03CTaHOBHTb, h KpeHOMeTp-b TaioKe cno- 

KOHHO yCTaHOBHJICH Ha HyjI'B. 

Bli HJIJIIOMHHaTOpaX'b py6KH, BT> KOTOpOH H HaXOAKJICH, CHO- 
Ba cranio bhaho, hto HaAcrpoAKa jioakh yjKe noHTH bch yiujia 
noA"b BOAy, h Ha najiy6-B HeSojibiuoii bojihoh yme nepc/iHBaeTCH 
BOAa; HaA"b noBepxHOCTbio ocraBajiacb TOJibKO KOMaHAHpcKaa 
py6Ka. Hanajiocb AaJibH-BHiuee norpy>KeHie, .ho, HecMOTpa Ha bcb 
CTapaHin KOMaHAHpa npeAynpeAHTb noHBjieHie HOBaro SoJibiuoro 
KpeHa, 3to eMy He yAaBajiocb — paBHOB-fecie Ka>KAbiH pa3-b Ha- 
pyiuajiocb, h to HOCb, to Kopiwa 6bICTpO TepHjiH njiOBynecTb H 

HIJIH KO AHy o6HapyiKHJICH OAHHTj KOHCTpyKTHBHblH HCAOCTa- 

TOK-b, KOTopbifl npenHTCTBOBajib. npaBH^bHOMy norpyacemK) 

.HOAKH Ha M-feCTt, OTHerO H HeH36"B)KHbI 6bIJIH 3TH KpeHbl Bb> 

AiaMeTpajibHofl njiocKOCTH. BcKopfj, OAHano, Haiwb Bce-TaKH 
yAaaocb Koe-KaK-b norpy3HTbcn Ha caiwoe aho, newh hcho ro- 
BopHjia, KpoM-fe rjiySoKOM-bpa em.e no-zmaH TeMHOTa Bt OKOHuaxb 
py6KH. Bcb 6bicTpo ocBOHjincb c-b hoboh oScTaHOBKoft, h oSmee, 
HtcKO^bKO TpeBOiKHoe, HacTpoeme 6biCTpo Hcne3Jio. no npHKa- 

3aHiK) KOMaHAHpa 6bIJIH OCMOTpeHbl BCB TpiOMH H B006lHe BCH 
JIOAKa, HTOSbl y6"BAHTbCH, H-BTT- JIH rA"B npOCaHHBamH BOAbI HJIH 

Tenn, TaK"b KaKb. Ha rjiy6HHi3, npn 6ojibuiOMb. AaBjieHiH oKpyata- 
iomeH cpeAW, 3to aoji>kho p-B3ne o6Hapy>KHBaTbCH, n-hwb y 110- 

BepXHOCTH BOAbI. BCKOpt 3T0TTj OCMOTp'b 6bMl> SaKOHHeH-b, H 

KOMaHAHpb. ptdIhhjich CHOBa noAHHTbCH Ha noBepxHOCTb; pa3Aa- 
jiacb ero KOMaHAa «no MtcTaM-b CTOHTb, npHroTOBHTbca Kb 
noA"beMy» — h bcb CHOBa 3aHHjiH cboh M'fecTa. 

124 



KoMaiiUHp-b Aaerb npHKa3aHie «npoA>*Tb 6ajiacTHbin UHCTep- 

III)I», CJIblLIIHTCH UIHneHie, — 3T0 OKaTblH B03AyX"b nOCTynHjTb H3I> 

B03AyxoxpaHHTejieH btj boahhoh OTCBK-b h jiorksl KaKT> npo6Ka 
uwjieTaeTTj Ha noBepxHOCTb. B-b H.ijuoMHHaTopax'b py6KH era- 

HOBHTCH Cp33y CB-BT^O, H BHAHO, KaK"b BeCb KOpnyCb >'>Ke BI.I- 
Hbipny.Tb H3Tj BOAM; XOTH ROJirO CJIbHHHTCH euie p-B3Kifi CBHCTb, 
— 3TO OKaTblH B03AyX"b npOAOJIMOeTTj OWHIH.aTb CBOHlWb AaB,;ic- 
HieM-b BCB OTCBKH 0Tb TOrO BOAHHOrO SaJiaCTa, KOTOpblH 3acTa- 
KH.Tb JIOAKy yftTH Ha I7iy6HHy. FIOCJrBAOBaTejIbHO Cb H'ECKOJIb- 

khxtj M-fecrb aohochtch KOMaHAOH, MTo HHCTepHbi npoAyTbi, CJfh- 
joBaTe^bHo jioAKa ya<e HaxoAHTCH Bt nojiHoivrb HaABOAHOM-b co- 
cthhi'h. 

OCTaCTCH, nepeA"b T'BM'b Kak"b OTKpblTb BXOAHOH JIK)k"b, 
TOJIbKO MCA.ieHHO CpaBHHTb AaBJieme CKOnHBIIiarOCH B"b JIOAK'h 

B03Ayxa Cb Hapy^Hbiiwb HopMajibHbiMTj AaBjieHieiwb. HenpiHT- 
hoc omymeHie B-b yiuax-b, KaKan-To TH^ecrb h noKa3aHie cnc- 
niajibnaro MaHOiweTpa VKa3biBaiOT'b Ha to, mto B-b jioakti A0B0./ib- 
iio noBbimeHHoe AaBJieme, jijih ypaBHOB-BinHBaHia Koroparo h 
nycKaeTCH bhth>khoh gjiefcrpHMecKift BeHTHJiHTop'b, wto6w ca"b- 
.iaTb nepexoA"b ero K"b HopiwajibHOMy — nocTeneHHbWb. 

Kak"b TOJibKo 6hui-b nyiueH-b B"b xoai> BeHTH^HTOpi), mi.i 
di.uiH CBHA^TejiflMH HHTepecHaro HBJiemn: hchmh B03A.yx"b bi. 

.10Ak"fe B/ipyrb MrHOBeHHO CM'BHHJICH ryCTbHWb TyMaHOMf, 3TO 
npH pa3pHA"B B03A>'Xa OTA"B.?IHJIHCb HaXOAHBHlieCH B"b HCM"b bo- 

.ihhi.ic napbi, h 3Torb TyMaH-b AOBOJibHO AOJiro ein,e pa3CTHja^cH 
hi, noMtmeHin jioakh. 

BcKopt 3a1n.ejiKa.Jia jie6eAKa — sto oTKpbiBajicn no npHKa3a- 
niio KOMaanHpa rjiaBHbifi bxoahom jhokij, h bcb, AOBOJibHbie 6jia- 
ronoJiyHHbiMTb noA'beMOM'b Ha noBepxHOCTb, Bi.icbina./iH na Bepx- 
HKHO na;iy6y. 

TaKHiwb o6pa30M"b. nock's now™ Tpext nacoBTj npe6biBamH 
noA"b boaoh, Mbr 3aK0HHH.iH cboh nepBbie onbiTbi. Flo OKOH^ia- 

IliH HT^KOTOpblXTj nepeA'B.7IOk"b JIOAKH TaKiH nOrpy>KHiH CH AOJIXttlbl 

6yAyi"b npoHcxoAHTb y nacb Tenepb noHTH eweAHeBHo .... 

M. M. TbeAepi> 




125 



n. A. BapHeK-b. 



BoeiiHo-MopcKiR dibiicmeiR 

Ha ^lepHOMh MOplb 

eo Bmopyfo Mipoeyio eouuy 



IX. KEPMEHCKO-OEO/lOCmCKAfl AECAHTHAH OriEPAUm. 

Hofl6pb iWECHirb 1941-ro ro/ia hbhjich noBopoTHbiM'b ncpi- 
OAOIWb BOHHbl Ha BoCTOHHOM'b cppoHTB. 3acTHrHyTHH cypoBoii 
3hmoh utiweuKia apMiH 6hjih ocraHOBJieHbi; coBtTCKin Boftcka 

IipOH3Be^H Ha BCBXl> CpP OHTax ' b yCII'fcuJHblH KOHTpTj-HaCTynJiemH 

h HaHecjiH npoTHBHHKy phatj nopa>KeHiH. Bt> cbok) onepeAb, bi> 
nocji'BaHHX'b MHCJiaxi) HOH6pa BOHCKa fO>KHaro (ppoHTa nepeiujiH 
htj HacTynjieHie npoTHB-b apMift Mapiua.ia Kjieficra, 3aHHBiiiHX'b 
22-ro HoaSpa Poctobi.. 29-ro HtMUbi 6bUH BbirfecHeHbi h3t> 
ropoAa h ktj 2-iwy AeKa6pa OT6poujeHbi 3a TaraHporb Ha p"feicy 
Miycb. Ha stoh jihhjh Aa^bH-EHuiee npOABH/Keme coB'BTCKHX'b 

BOHCK"b SbUIO OCTaHOBJieHO. 

B"b CBH3H C'b HCpeXOAOMb apMJH B"b HaCTynjieHie, BHOBb 06- 

pa30BaHHOMy 11a Ky6aHH 3aKaBKa3CKOMy (fipoHTy BepxoBHoe 
KoiwaHiiOBaHie npeAriHcajio npoH3BecTH AecaHTb Ha KepqencKiii 
nojiyocTpoB-b. U-fejibK) onepauin 6ijjio pa3rpoiwHTb KepMeHCKVK) 
rpynnnpoBKy npoTHBHHKa h 3aBJiaA"BTb ncwiyocTpoBOM'b. Sthm^ 
MaHeBpoMi. JiHKBHAHpoBajiacb yrpo3a BTopweHia H^MueB-b Hepe3i> 
KepweHCKifi npojiMB-b Ha KaBKa3i>, OKa3biBa./iacb noMomb oca>K- 
AenHOMy CeBacTonojiio h co3AaBa;iHCb 6jiaronpiaTHbia ycjioBia 
jxjih nocji"BAyK)maro 3aHaTia Bcero KpbiMa. OSmee pyKOBOACTBO 
onepaujeft h pa3pa6oTKa ea ruiaHa Bcojiarajiacb Ha BoeHHbiH Co- 

126 







127 



strb 3aKaBK33CKaro cppoirra. Bt, cootb-btctbjii ci> 9Tiwb njia- 
iiOM'b, BHue-aAMHpa^T. OKTaSpbCKifi h cro iirra6i> paapafnrnun 
MopcKyro MacTb onepauin, pacnpe;rk,7ieHie MopcKHX-b chjitj, opra- 
HH3auiio nepeB03KH h Bbica^KH bohckt?. 

J\jm npoBe/ieHiH stoh Sojibiuoft onepauJH npHBjicKajiHCb 

IIOWTH-MTO BC'B HaJIHHHblfl CHJIbl (pJIOTa. Bt COOTB-BTCTBiH Cb njia- 
homI), OTpn,zrb KopaSjieft «A» AOJDKeH-b 6bIJI-b BbICa.ZI.HTb I\7iaBHbIH 
chjih ^ecaHTa — 63-ro h 157-ro ahbh3Jk> 44-oh apivriH B-b Oeo- 
AOciHCKOM"b nopTy. 3a Tpn ahh ao BbicaAKH r./iaBHbix'b chjitj zte- 
caHTa, fljia OTBJieneHiH h pacnbiJiemfl CH,/rb o6opoHbi, nacra 51-oii 

apMJH £0,7I>KHbI 6bIJIH BblCa^HTbCH BTa fleBHTH M'BCTaX'b CBBepnarO 

h BOCTOMHaro 6epera nojiyocrpoBa. Ha cBBepHOM-b 6epery, ch- 
,iaMH A3obckoh cpjioTHjiiH, npczuiojiarajiocb Bbica.zi.HTb MacTH 
224-oft aHBH3iH B-b nHTH nyHKTax-b, oT-b Apa6aTa h Aicb-MaHan 
no 3HHKa^e BRJuowHTejibHO. Bbica>KeHHbiR B-b RByx-b nepBbix-b 
nyHKTax-b BoftcKa, npoABHraacb ki> iory, aojiiKHbi 6mjih noiwoMb 
f^eoaociHCKOMy aecamy 6biCTpo 3aH«Tb AK-b-MaHaficKift nepe- 
iiieeK-b h OTp-fe3aTb KepneHCKift nojiyoCTpoB-b. npoMHM-b BoficKaMT. 
Bbica>KeHHaro Ha CBBepHOMT> 6epery jecaHTa, npeAnHCHBajiocb 
nacTvnaTb v/b Kep^H. KepneHCKOH iwopcKoft 6a3"B. 9BaKyHpoBan- 
hoh B-b HOHSpt Ha TaMaHb, Haff.jiex.ajio Bbica^HTb nacTH 362-oii 
/ihbh3W y nopTa KaMbiurb BypHy (lOKH-fee Kepwn), h eme bt> 
Tpext iwECTaxt KepMeHCKaro npojiHBa. Bcemtj 9THM"b jxccamawb 
npe^nHCbiBajiocb HacTynaTb Ha coe,H.HHeHie ct> 330bckhmh .ziecaH- 
TaMH h cobm-bctho 3aHHTb KepHb. HaKOHeirb, OTpflurb Kopa6^ei'i 

«B», OAHOBpeMeHHO Cb a30BCKHMTb ^ecaHTOM'b ffOJlMeWb SblJITj 

BbicaiiHTb flByxTbicaqHHH OTpHA'b Ha iokhomtj 6epery y Onyio.. 
Utwib 9Toro #ecaHTa SbiJia CKop-fee jeMOHCTpaTHBHan. KopaS.m 
OTpnaa «A» jojdkhh 6mjih OKa3aTb co,zrBHCTBie 3TOMy OTpjmy 
apTHJiJiepiftcKoft no.ZLZi.ep>KKOH. HecMOTpa Ha Majiyio B^posiTHOCTb 

ITOHBJieHiH pyMMHCKHX'b MHHOHOCU.eB'b. JXJlfi npHKpblTiH Cb MOpH 

6bi,/rb Bbi^'fe.neH'b cneuiajibHbift OTpHfl-b bt> cocTaB'k xpeficepa 
«MoJioTOB , b», JiH^epa «TauiKeHTb» h oaHoro 3CKaapeHnaro mh- 
HOHocua. B-b TeweHie onepauiH, Kopa6jiH 9Toro OTpn^a 6huiu 
npHfijieneHbi ffjin o6cTpl5Jia no3Huift y CeBacTonojin. 

nepcneKTHBij Ha B03,ayiHHyK) noj.^ep)KKy He 6ujm Sjiaro- 
npinTHbiMH. Bee hto ocTaJiocb orb uiTypMOBoft h HCTpeSHTejib- 
noft aBiauJH cpJioTa HaxoAH^ocb B"b CeBacTonoji'B h He Morjio 6biTb 
0TB./ieqeH0 orb o6opoHbi KptnocrH; TaKHiwb o6pa30M"b mo>kho 
6hjio pacMHTbiBaxb ^Hiub Ha 6oM6apAHpoBOHHyK> aBiauiio cb 

128 



TaMaHCK.iro no^yoCTpoBa h na c/iaobin no3,aymtibin chjim 3aKan- 
Ka3CKaro (ppoHra. Hcxoah h3t> HajiHwia caMOJieTOB-b, 6i,ijio pt- 
uieHo, hto aBiauin npoH3BeAerb pa3BtAKy M-kcrb BucajiKH, npn- 
Kpoerb paftoFrb noca^KH Boficicb h bo BpeMH BbicaaKH HaHecerb, 
maBHbiM-b o6pa30MT>, 6oM6oBbie y^apu npoTHBHHKy. Majioe ko- 

.IHMeCTBO HCTpeSHTe^eft B-b CBH3H CTj rOCnOACTBOM'b Bt B03AyX"B 

HtiweuKOH aBiauiH, co3j,aBa.io Tpyzmoe nojioxeme, pe3yjibTa- 
tomtj KOToparo HBHJiHCb 6ojibiuiji noTepn h vacTHMHbin Heyaa^H. 

no cBOHM-b MaciuTa6aMTj, Bbicaj,Ka qe-rapex-b ^HBH3iH c"b 

HXb apTHJUiepieff, TaHKaMH H MaTepbHJIbHOH MaCTbJO, HBHJiaCb op- 
tion U3i> KpynHbix-b ^ecaHTHbix-b onepauifl noorB,a,HeH bohhm h 

eilHHCTBeHHOH Ha npOTHvKCHiH MHOrHXTa BOHHTj. B"b KOTOpOH 60JIb- 

uiiH ch.tm 6bi.™ ycnluiiHo BbicaH<eHbT Ha npncTaHH o6opoHfleMaro 
npoTHBHHKOM-b nopTa. Ho Tanaa onepauin Tpe6oBajia ^eTKOH 
opraHH3auiH h aonron noAroTOBKH, Ha KOTopyro He xBaTajio Bpe- 
\ieHH. y coB-BTCKaro KOManaoBaHm He 6wjio TaK>Ke onbiTa bt> Kpyn- 
HbixT^ CM'feinaHHbix'b onepaHinx'b h, no stoh npHMHH-fe, 6hjih xcony- 
meHbi cymecTBeHiibiH ouih6kh, CKa3aBiuiHCH Ha en xo/rfc. 

OaHHIWb H3"b TJiaBHblX'b npo6'B.7IOB'b 6bIJIO nOJIHOe OTCyTCT- 

Bie cnem'ajibHbix-b aeeaHTHbix-b cyuoB-b. HoBbix-b nocTpoeHO He 
6wjio; KaHOHepCKia jiojkh -rana «KpacHan Tpysia*, cnymeHHwa 
bt> 1917 rony KaKT^ aecanTHbin cyjia, bo BpeMJi nepe.zrb.TioK'b yTpa- 
TH/IH CBOH OTKHJHbie HOCbl, a aecaHTHbiH 6ap>KH «Bo.)iHHaepbi» 
3a npoHrejinie ro^bi noTepa.™ cbok) caMOxoflHOCTb. Beb jiymuie 
TpaHcnopTbi 6bijin 3aHHTbi nepeB03KaMH Bt CeBacTono^ib; bi> 

A30BCKOM"b MOpt nJTOByHHXT. CpeflCTB-b nOMTH H6 6bIJIO. JJjIH nO- 

nojiHeHia sthxt. He^ocTaTKOB-b npniujiocb cpoMHo peiwoHTHpo- 
BaTb HeHcnojib30BaHHbie napoxoAbi, npHcnoco6jiHTb He6o./ibiiiiH 
.lepeBHHHHH MOxopHbiH pi.iSojiOBHbiH cyaa, TaiTb Ha3bIBaeMbIC 
caftHepu h 6ap>KH rjik norpy3KH Boftcirb, nepeo6opy;K>BaTb pa3- 
rny30MHbie MexaHH3Mbi .zuih nozrbeMa TaHKOB-b h npoMMxt th- 
>KejibixT> rpv30B-b h nonojiHHTb KoivraHAbi, nacTH^Ho 3a cqerb 
Kona6.ieft cpjiOTa. JIjih yqacTin Bceft stoh apMa^w B-b onepauin, 

CViia CBO^HJIH BT> OTpHJbl nOZTb KOMaH^OH OnblTHblXTj OtpHUepOB-b 

atikTByiomaro cpjiOTa h.ih CTapniHui). Bcfe cyiia Ha^o 6bwo CHa6- 
jHTb roprowHMt, Soesanacoiwb, npoaoBOJibCTBieM-b. aecaHTHbi- 

MH CpeACTBaMH H IipOHHM'b HMymeCTBOWb, H AOCTaTb BCe 3TO npH 
OTCVTCTBiH OpraHH30BaHHOH 6a3bi CJWOTa. BTj nocjfBaHiH MO- 

MeH-b, Kor^a Hanajiacb y>Ke norpy3Ka bohcki,, BHHCHHJiocb, mto 
MacTb KaTepoBi^ «M. 0.», npeaHasHa^eHHbix-b mm ji-hucTBln bi. 

129 

M3 9 



KepneHCKOM-b npojiHivfe, hc ncziynHjiH 6cn3Hiia n, co;e xyme. aBi- 
auin TO>Ke hc 6buia hmt> nojinocrbjo o6e3neMCHa. Bt> CBH3H cb 

STHMTd npHLUJIOCb COKpaTHTb A^HCTBiH aBiauin H OCTaBHTb a30B- 

CKie AecaHTbi 6e3-b ea noAAep>KKH, a npeAnojiaraBiiiificH napa- 
iuiOTHbift AecaHrb Ha HtMeuKift aapoApoMT> y BjiaAnciaBOBKH 
OTIWBHHTb! KOMaHAHpbl AeCaHTHblXTj cyAOB-b h TpaHcnopTOBt 6bl- 

jih cHa6»eHbi noApo6HbiMH KapTaiwn jiHiub Toro panoHa, bi. 

KOTOpOH OHH AOJIiKHbl SblJIH HATH no n.HaHy, HO KOITia, BT> xonfc 

onepauin, cya.a nonaAajin bt> Apyria lWBCTa, ohh noAxoAHJin kt> 
6epery jininb pyKOBOACTByacb MyTbeiwb CBonx-b KOMaHAHpoBb! 

IlocaAKa bohckti h norpy3Ka tcxhhkh B"b ycjiOBiax'b 6;iH30- 

CTH npOTHBHHKa AOJI>KHa SblJia npOH3BOAHTbCH CK'pblTHO H 6bICTpO 

h, no bo3mo>khocth, B"b pasHbix'b nopTax-b. 3to ycjioBic Tpe6oBa- 
jio weTKoft opraHH3auin noAxoAa bohcktj h rpy30B"b K"b M-kcTaiui. 
nocaAKH. 

OAHHiwb H3T> rviaBHbix'b (paKTopoB-b ycn-fexa HBJiHJiacb bhc- 
3anHOCTb h OAHOBpeiweHHaH BbicaAKa AecaHTOB-b bt> acbhth mtt 

CTaXTs. BBHAy paSJIHTOMX-b pa3CTOHHift AO lWBCrb BblCaAKH, A./IH 

pa3HopoAHbixi3 OTpHAOB'b 6hjio BbipaSoTaHO tohhoc pacnncanie 
npeMeHH BbixoAa h3Tj nopTOB-b h yKa3aHH Kypcbi jxim nepexoAa 

MOpeMTs. 

TaKOBT> 6bMT> njiaH-b stoh 6ojibiHoft onepauin. ho npHpoAa 
h o6cToaTe;ibCTBa BHeoin cboh nonpaBKH. 

Flo BpeivteHH KepqeHCKO-^eoAOcificKaH onepanifl 3ano3Aa,ia, 
■raK-b-KaK-b HacTynjieHie IO>KHaro cppom-a y>Ke npcKpaTH.iocb. 

MTO Aa^IO B03MO)KHOCTb MapUiajiy KjieHCTb CHflTb Cb 3TOrO 

cppoHTa pyMbiHCKyio AHBH3iio n nanpaBHTb ee npoTHB"b AecaHTa. 
Ctj cob-btckoh ctopohw nponsomjio o6paTHoe HBJieHie: 79-h 
Oco6an 6pnraAa MopcKofi n-fexoTbi, cnem'ajibHO ccpopivinpoBaHHaH 
ajih nepBaro 6pocKa AecaHTa, 3a hcatwik) ao Hanajia onepauin 
6bijia nepe6pomeHa B"b CeBacTonojib. KojinwecTBeHHO B"b cocTaBT> 
CHjnb AecaHTa ee 3aM%HHjia HOBan CTp+wiKOBaa AHBH3ia, ho. no- 
naB-b B-b TH>KejibiH ycjioBia BbicaAKH npn cnjibHon bojih-e, He bh- 
AaBinie HHKorAa Mopa, ctp'bjikh TepnjiHCb n He moivih cpaBHHTbcn 
ct. MaTpocaiwH. 

Co cBoeft ctopohu, Ht^MeuKoe KOMaHAOBame nocjrfe crc/ib- 
khxtj nopa>KeHiH h rpoMaAHbix-b noTepb noHeceHHbix'b cob-rtckh- 

MH apMiflMH, He BtpHJIO BTa B03M0>KH0CTb 6oJIblHOH AeCaHTHOH 

onepauin bt> 6^n>Kanuiie M-fecnubi. KepMeHCKin nojiyocTpoB"b 060- 
130 

*9 



potifucfl jiHuib CH.ibiio nopeAeBiueft 46-fi hbmcukoh ntxoTnofi 

AHBH3JCH, KaBa^epiHCKOH 6pHraaOH pyMblH-b H Cine HbCKOJIbKH- 

mh pa3po3HeHHbiMH MacTHMH. HeMHoroHHc/ieHHaa 6eperoBan ap- 
THjuiepia cocTonjia H3b THjKCibixb ray6Hin> h jierKHXb nojieBbixb 
opyAifi. Pa3BtAKa b-b Mopt He npoH3BOAHjiacb, TaKb KaKb, He 
CMHTaa AByx-b 3axBaMeHHbixb B-b KepMH KaTepoBb, HHKaKHXb cy- 
AOBb Bb pacnopn>KeHiH HbiwueBb He 6hjio. HbMeu,Kaa aBiauin 
en.ioxoBajia h He 3aiWBTH./ia hh noAroTOBKH Accam-a Bb nopTaxb, 
HH nepexoaa MHoroMHO-ienHbixb OTpaAOBb iwopeMb; a ecjiH hto 
caiwojieTbi h bha"E./ih, to sto 6bi.no OTHeceko Ha cneTb 0Ka3aHia 
iioMomH CeBacTonojiK). 

Bbica^Ka Aecam-a Ha cfesepHoe no6epe>Kbe KepweHCKaro no- 

.lyOCTpOBa yC.lO/KHH.iaCb C,/ia6oCTbK> A30BCKOH (fyjlOTHJl'm H HeAO- 
CTaTOMHblM'b KOJIHHeCTBOMb nJIOByHHXb CpeACTBb, KOTOpblXb 
JXH^HTb HC 6bIJI0 B03MO>KHOCTH. OjlOTH^ifl COCTOHJia H3b HTdC- 

KoabKHXb KaHOHepcKHXb ,noAOK"b, nepeA"BjiaHHbixb H3b He6ojib- 
iiiHXb napoxoAOBb, oCopyAOBaHHbixb H3b napoBbixb uiajiaHAt- 

TpaJIbUlHKOBb, Cb XOAOMb Bb UjeCTb-BOCeMb y3JI0Bb, H HbCKOJIbKO 
KH.Vb CTOpOKCBblXb KaTepOBb. MOHHTOpb «>Ke„TB3HHK0Bb» IIO 

KaKoi}-TO npHMHHb Bb onepauJH He yqacTBOBajib; tie 6h\no TaK>KC 
opoiiCKaTepoBb. HC3aM - BHHMbix'b Bb AecanTHbixb onepauJHXb. 

CflOBOMb, A30BCKaH (pJOTHJlin HailOMHHa.ia KpaCHyK) (p^OTHJlilO 

itpeiweHb rpa>KAaHCKOH bohhbi h Aa>Ke HbKOTopbie H3b ea bctc- 
panoBb npHHHjiH ywacTie Bb hoboh bohh-b! Bb A30BCK0Mb Mop'h 
OKa3a»iocb JiHUJb H'fecKOJibKO CTapuxb. Ka6oTa)KHbixb napoxoAOBb 
h ajih nepeB03KH AecaHTa 6bi,jiH npHEjieHenw 6yKCHpyeMbia 6ap- 
jkh, pbi6ojiOBHbin h nponia uejiuin cyAa. Ha AepeBHi-iiibixb. cafi- 
Hepaxb, KOTopuxb uyjm npo6HBaJiH HacKB03b, h nponnxb iweji- 
KHXb cyAaxb, y jnoAefi He 6ujio HHKaKoro yKpttTia, h npn noAxo- 
.tb Kb 6epery ohh Tepn-fejiH 6ojibiniH noTepH. CB03HTb AecaHTb 
cb oojibe KpynHbixb cyAOBb, kotopmh He MorviH noAoft™ Bn^OT- 
hvk) Kb 6epery, npeAnwiarajiocb npoH3BOAHTb npn noMomH 
ui.ironoKb. Otphahhh xoAb onpeA'b.iHJiCH CKopocTbK) 6yKcnpye- 
Mbixb 6ap>Kb h paBHn^iCH HbCKOJibKHMb y3JiaMb>. BbicaAHBb nep- 
Bbifi auiejioHb, cyAa aojikhh 6hjih B03BpamaTbCH Kb MbCTaMb 
nocaAKH h rpy3HTb Mac - ™ 2-ro 9Uje^oHa. 

Mo)KHO CMHTaTb, MTO A30BCK0H (pJIOTHJliH TaKOrO C0CT3Ba 

6bi.na nocTaBJieHa 3aAawa, hbho npeBbimaBmaH ch bo3mo>khocth 
h, Kb roMy >Ke, lie 6ujii> y^TeHb gjieMeHTb noroAbi. Ojiothjuh 
Bee >Ke yAa^iocb BbicaAHTb qacrb BoflcKb nepBaro gmcnoHa, ho, 

BBHAy 3aAep>KKH CVAOBb y MbCTb BblCaAKH, HXb THXOXOAHOCTH, 

131 



noTepb ii noBpejKAenifi, noAKpt>n,iienin Accainy CBoeBpcMeiiHO 
AOCTaBJieHM He 6hjih. 

Hanajio Bbica^KH 6hjio Ha3HaHeHO Ha yTpo 26-ro AeKa6pH. 
Iloroja He fijiaronpiaTCTBOBajia. 25-ro nyji-b CHJibHbift 3anaAHbiii 
btyrepT., MtuiaBuiift norpy3K-B Aecamra; BpeiweHaMH iuc/rb CH-fcrb. 
Orpujibi 3ana3AHBa^H cnb BbixoAOM"b bt> Mope h Becb rpacpHKT. 
nepexoAa HapyiuajiCH. HecMOTpa Ha 3th oScTOHTe^bCTBa, KOMan- 
AOBaHie p-BLUHjio onepaujio He OTK;iaAbiBaTb. Tpyzmo cyAHTb, Ka- 

KJH npHHHHbl npHBejIH erO KT> TaKOMy p-BUieHJIO. BtpOHTHO, BTj 

nepByio onepeAb, oTcyTCTBie B03AyuiHbix'b aTaicb Ha MtcTa no- 
rpy30Kt, AOKa3biBaBiuee, hto h-bmuw ao chxt. nopT> eme He no- 

A03p"BBajIH O rOTOBHmeMCH AeCaHT'fe. OTCpOMKa MOrJia n03BO,7IHTb 

c^yqaHHOMy pa3B-BAMHKy o6Hapy>KHTb HeoSbmafiHoe CKonjieHie 
cyAOB-b, aBToivto6H,/ieH h jhoach bt> nopTax-b h noAHHTb TpeBory. 
Bo3mo>kho, noBJiiajia 6oH3Hb 3a ywacTb CeBacTonojia, rapHH30HT. 

KOTOparO Cb TpyAOMT. OTSHBaJTb BTOpOH UITypM'b; MOJKerb 6bITb, 

pacnerb, hto njioxan noroAa h CHtsrb noM-briiaiorb A^ftcTBiio 
H-BMeuKOH aBiauin h CKpoiorb orb en rjia3Tj onacHbifl nepexoAT> 

a30BCKHXT> OTpHAOBTj, npOHCXOAHBUliH BT> CB"BTJIOe BpeMHJ HJIH 

>Ke coB'BTCKoe KOMaHAOBaHie, CHHTaa bcio nepByro (pa3y onepauJH 
jHuib AeivroHCTpaTHBHOH, He npHAaBajia 6ojibuioro 3HaHeHm ac- 
caHTaiwb nepBaro ahh. Ho (paKrb tott>, <-ito HenoroAa cnyTajia 
Becb n.iaH'b Hanajia onepauin h HBHJiacb oahoh h3t> npHHHm. 
GojibinHx-b noTepb, noHeceHHbix-b nacTHMH AByxT. ahbh3w. 

JXjih BbinojiHeHiH nocTaBjieHHoii eiwy saAa^H, KOMaHAyioiiuft 
A30bckoh cpjioTHjiieft KOHTpTj-aAMMpaji-b TopujKOB'b o6pa30Ba.iT. 

TpH OTpHAa BblCaAKH BT> COCTaB-fc KOTOpblXT), AJIH apTHJIJiepJHCKOH 

iiOAAep>KKH, bxoahjih KaHOHepcKia jioakh. BbicaAKa nepBaro 
aiuejioHa AOJiKHa SbiJia HanaTbCH BT. nHTH MtcTax"b no6epe>KbH 
bt> 5 lacoB-b yTpa 26-ro AeKaSpn 1941 roAa, to ecTb 3a ABa Maca 
A0 pa3CB-BTa. Jinn coSjuoAemH ckphthocth KaHOHepcKia .toakh 

AOJUKHbl SblJIH OTKpblBaTb OrOHb JIHUIb npH npOTHBOA"BHCTBiH 
npOTHBHHKa. 

nepBOMy orpHAy HaAJieiKajio hath kt> ocHOBaHiio Apa6aT- 

CKOH CTp'BJIKH H K"b AlCb-MaHaiO, HO BBHAy nOHBJieHiH BT> MOpt, 

jibAa, oht. 6bijiT> HanpaB.JieHT> bt> Ka3aHTHncKift sajiMBT.. 3Ta ne- 
peM+DHa noiWEiiiajia ocymecTBHTb njiaHT> 6biCTparo oBJiaA^HiH 
AKT.-MaHaftcKHMT> nepeiueftKOMT. h oKpy>KeHiio htdMChkhxt. ch^t., 
HaxoAHBiiiHxcH Ha nojiyocTpoBti. BTopoii otphatj, HanCojite mho- 
roHHc.ieHHMH, AOJDKeHT. 611^113, TpeMH rpynnaiwH Kopa6jieii, bh- 

132 



CaAHTb IViaBHI.IH CHJIbl 224-OH AHBH3JH Ha ABaAUaTHIIHTHKHrtOMeT- 

poBOM-b yqaCTK-fe 6epera y mmcobtd 3K)K-b, TapxaH-b h XpoHH. 
TpeTifl OTpa^'b HanpaBjiH.ica kt> SHHKajie, bt> cfcBepHofi nacTH npo- 
.iHBa. IlepBbiH h BTopofl oTpflAti rpy3HJiHCb btj TeMpiOK-fe, Tpe- 
Tift B-b KyMypyrax-b, Ha cfeBepHOM-b Sepery TaivtaHCKaro noayocT- 
poBa. norpy3Ka nepBaro aniajioHa Hawajiacb B-b HOMb Ha 25-oe; 
CHJibHbift B-fexepT. h BOJiHa M-feinajiH norpy3K-b, wacTHMHo npoHc- 
xoAHBUuefl Ha pevw.'k. 3aAep*:aBinHCb, noHTH bce cyAa bhiujih 
ci> 3ano3AaHieMTj. 

flepBbiH OTpH;rb (Kan. nevn. LLlHnoBHHKOB'b), KOTOpOMy 
npeACTOHJi-b nepexoATj bt. 70 MHJib, Bbmiejrb bi, Mope AHeiwb 25-ro. 
Kt> 19-th MacaMt B-fcTep-b AOCTHnb chjim 7-mh fiajiJiOBTj h BCTp-bn- 
Haa bojihsl 3ajiHBajia MajieHbKiH cyAeHbiuiKH; h 6e3-b Toro nepe- 
namm xoAt orpajia iipniujiocb em.e yMeHbiiiHTb. B'fepH'fee oh^ 
oojibiue He npoABHrajiCH BnepeA"b. Bhah CHjibHoe ono3AaHie nep- 
Baro orpHAa KOHTp'b-aAMHpaji'b ropiiiKOB'b npHKa3a./rb eiwy BiWE- 
cto Ka3aHTHna hath icb Mbicy Siokij. 

Tpynna cyAOB-b BToporo OTpnAa noA"b KOMaHAoft Kan. 2 p. 
rpo3Hbift btj cocTaBtj KaHOHepcKofl jioakh, AByx-b «M. 0.», AByXTs 

IiapOXOAOB'b, 16-TH pbl60.T0BHbIX-b CaHHepOB"b, AByX"b Uia./iaHA'b 

h AByxt SapjKTD noAOiHJiH ktj Mbicy SiOK-b bt> 7 MacoBt., t. e. 
na pascBTDT-B. OTpsiAt SbiJi-b BCTp-feqeH-b oraeM'b 6aTapen, ctohb- 
men y 6yxTbi MoKpaK-b. Jlnuib nocji-fe AByxnacoBOH nepecTp-feviKH, 
KaHOHepcKofl jiOAKt «Jl,OH'b» yAajiocb npHBecTH Kt Momamio 
6aTapero h. cyAa cb AecaHTOMb, npHKpbiBaacb ammoboh 3aB-BCOH, 
nocTaBJieHHOH KaTepaMH, HanpaBHJincb ki> 6epery. SanaAH+^e mh- 
ca OKa3a^CH TpajibmHK'b «CoB-BTCKaa Poccin», kotophh, no oihhS- 
k-e B-b CMHCJieHiH nonajrb croAa bm-bcto XpoHH h, noJib3yHCb 
CBoeft njiocKOAOHHOCTbio yTKnyjicfl hocomtj bt> 6epen> h 6;iaro- 
nojiyHHO BbicaAHJit HaxoAHBiniHCH Ha 6opTy AecaHTb. Bocnojib- 

30BaBUJHCb He60JIbLUHMt nJiaUAapMOMT), 3aHHTbIMTj STHMTj ACCaH- 
TOMT>, Tp03HbIH npHKa3ajI"b BblCaJKHBaTb OTpHA^ B-b STOMt M-ECTB. 

Bi> 3to BpeMH Bt^Tep-b AocTHrij chjih nHTH-uiecTH 6ajMOB"b h y 
6epera 6hui-b cHJibHkift HaKaTt. H3-b 3a Me^KOBOAba, 6o.TBe r^y- 
'SoKOCHAHuiie caflHepu Hana^H KacaTbCH rpyHTa AajieKO ottj 6e- 
pera. Hawajiacb nepenpaBa JiioAeft Ha mjnonKax'b, ho OHa xujia 

OMeHb MeA-ieHHO, H H-BCKOJIbKO H3T3 HHXT> 6bIJIH BbiSpoujeHbi Ha 

6epefb. HaKOHeui), ktj 6epery 6bijia noABeAeHa 6ap>Ka «Xonept>», 
KOTopyio npeAnojiarajiocb Hcno;ib30BaTb KaKi> npncraHb, ho cny- 
m,eHHan cb Hes cxoahh He AocrHrjia Sepera h 6buia c6HTa boji- 

133 



hoh. Haxo^HBiiiiecH Ha Sap^-fr jiioah crajiH npi.iraTb bt> JieAHHyio 
Bo^y h, noAHHMaH HaA"b rojioBOH opyjKie, bhxoahjih Ha Geperb. 
Ho bi> 10 MacoB-b H'BMeu.KaH apTHJiJiepia h mmhomctw ycHjiH,™ 
oroHb no iwectv BbicaAKH h noAxoAHBUJHiwb ktd 6epery xaTe- 
paiwb h iiunonKaM-b, nepioAaMH coBepmeHHO OTCBKaa HaMaBiuiH 
ABHmeme BnepeA"b ^aera. KaHOHepcKoft jioak"e «JI,oht3» Bpeiwe- 
HaMH yAaBajiocb npHBOAHTb kt. MOJinaHiio 6aTapeH, h CBH3b cb 

AeCaHTOMTs Ha H%KOTOpoe BpeMfl B0306H0BJIHJiaCb. B"b 9TO BpeMfl 

k^ M-fecTy Bbica^KH HawajiH noAXOAHTb cyAa H3i> nepBaro OTpHAa. 
BxoAHBiuie btj ero cooTaE^ ABa caftHepa h KaTepis «AKyjia» bt> 
10:30 Ha^ajiH BbicaAKy CTp'bviKOB'b, ho cafiHep'b «X[eKa6pHCTT3» 
yAapoiwb o KaiweHb noJiyHHjrb Te^b, a «AKyjia» bojihoh 6burb bh- 
GpomeH-b Ha 6eperb. B-b 10:50 noHBHjiHCb H-feMeuKie nHKHpoB- 
luhkh, npoTHBt KOTopbix"b cia6an 3eHHTHafl apTHJiJiepin KaH'o- 
HepcKHxi^ jioaokt> 6huia 6e3CHJibHa. BcKopt napoxoAH «neHaH» 
h «KpacHbift cpjiorb* 6biJiH noBpe>KAeHbi; napoBan majianAa «Oa- 
Haropia» iiomjia Ha aho. Bee >Ke, hccmotph Ha noTepn, cyAaM-b 
BToporo OTpHAa yAaJiocb Bi.icaAHTb bck) ntxoTy ch \wb mm- 
HHM'b opy^ieiwb; Bbirpy3Ka opyAift h Apyrnx-b THjKecTefi noKa 
oK33ajiacb HeB03Mo>KHOH. JlHiiib ch HacTynjiemeM'b TeMHOTbi yAa- 
Jiocb npoABHHytb 6ap>Ky 6jiH>Ke K"b Sepery HcnycTHTb no cxoah'd 
naxoAHBiuiecn na Heft tph TaHKa h H-fecKOJibKo opyAift; c"b iua- 
jiaHAH «reopriH» Sbuia Bbirpy>KeHa MHHOMeTHaH SaTapea. Ho 

VTpOMT> BTOpOrO AHH OnHTb nOHBHJIHCb CaMOJieTbl. Tpy^eHbiH 

6oenpHnacaMH «HeHaH» Ha^ajrb roptoTb h Sbijrb noKHHyrb. Bb- 
'rep-b h BOJiHa eme ycHJiHJiHCb h noMTH He AonycKaJiH noAXOAa 
ktd 6epery. Bm-bctb cb t^mi. conpoTHBJieHie npoTHBHHKa B03poc- 
;io h eiwy cHOBa yAaJiocb OTC'feqb AecaHrb orb 6epera. He bhah 

B03MOJKHOCTH KOpeHHbllWb 06pa30M"b HSIVCEHHTb nO^OJKCHie, KO- 

iwaHAOBaHie ptuiH^o onepauiio y Mbica 3K)K-b npeKpaTHTb h npn- 
Ka3ajio cyAaiwb nepBaro OTpnAa, He Bi.icaAHBUiHM'b BoftcKa, hath 
kt> Mbicy XpoHH, TA+i AecaHTb npoHcxoAHjrb bt> Sojrke Sjiaronpi- 
HTHbix-b ycjiOBiHx-b. Bcero y 3iOKa 6hjio Bbica>KeHo 1378 6ohh.obi 3 
H3T. Tpex-b pa3Hbix-b OTpnAOB-b. JIioah nonaAajiH Ha 6eperb ycTaB- 
ujhmh nocji'fe cyTOHHaro npe6biBaHm btd dypHOMi) Mopt h bm- 

MOKUJHMH B"b XO.IOAHOH BOA"B. MaCTH AeCaHTa npOABHHVJIHCb Ha 
HtiCKOJIbKO KHJIOMCTpOB-b, HO yTepHB"b CBfl3b Cb KOpa6jIHMH, ne- 

penjjiH K-b o6opon-B h cMorjiH yAep>KaTbCH ao o6maro OTxoAa 

H-BMUeBlj. 

CjitiAyK)m.an rpynna Kopa6jieft BToporo oTpHAa, noA"b ko- 
MaHAoft Kan. jreHT. HnKOJiaesa, HanpaBJieHHaa ki. Mbicy TapxaH-b. 

134 



BbiuMa H3T> TcMproxa 25-ro ACKaSpH bt> 13:30. Ha pa3CB-feTt crb- 
AViomaro ahh cyAa itoaoujjih kt> MtcTy Ha3HaHeHiH h cTajiH 
nbiTaTbca HawaTb BbicaAKy, ho CHJibHbifi HaKarb, cocpeAOTOHeH- 
hhh oroHb c-b 6epera h HaMaBiniecn bt> 12:15 HajieTbi aBiauJH 
.-acTaBH^H onepauiio npeKpaTHTb. JlocTHriniH 6epera Hedojibinin 
rpynnbi 6oftuoB-b 6hjih JierKO JiHKBHAHpoBaHbi H-feMuaMH. IlpH- 

KpblBaBlliaH OTpHA'b KaHOHepCKaH JlOO,K3. 3VI4 H TpaJIbLUHK-b 6bIJIH 

nanpaB^eHbi kt> Mbicy XpoHH, Apyrin cya.a rpynnbi cb ocTaBinn- 
mhch Ha 6opTy BoftcKaMH BepHyjincb B-b TeMpiOK-b. 

Boa-be ycntiuHO npomjia onepauia B-b Syxi-fe ByjiraHaK-b y 
Mbica XpoHH. B-b 7:30 SyKcnp-b «J],o(pHHOBKa» cb 6ap>KOH «Ta- 
raHporb» h MejiKOCHAHmin napoxoAb «Ehcki>» npHTKHyjincb Kb 
necMaHOMy Sepery 6yxTbi. HaxoAHBiniecn Ha hhxt. ctp-bjikh crann 
6bicTpo, no MejiKOBOAbio. BbixoAHT-b Ha 6eper. B"b 310x13 mo- 
MeHTb MHHOMeTHan 6aTapen cb Mbica XpoHH OTKpbiJia no bh- 

Ca>KHBaBUJHMCH CHJIbHblfl OrOHb , HO KaHOHepCKaH JIOAKa 

«,Z],H'BCTp'b», noAOHAH Ha KopoTKyK) AHCTaHinio, o6crp'hjiHJia MH- 
noMeTM H3T> opyAifi h nyjieMeTOB-b; 6aTapeH nepeHecna Ha Hee 
oroHb h 3to AaJio B03MO>KHOCTb Aecam-y BbicaAHTbca 6e3i> no- 
Tepb. Ktj npHTKHyBinHMCH K-b 6epery cyAaivrb era.™ noAxoAHTb 
caimepbi h Hepe3-b HHx-b Bbica>KHBaTb n-fexoTy. Kt 10:30 bcb boh- 
CKa 6bWH BbicaweHbi. HecMOTpn Ha HaMaBiniftcH aprajijiepiiicKiH 
11 ny;ieMeTHbiH oroHb, cb 6ap>KH Shjio cnymeno Tpn TaHKa. 3a- 
TEM-b K-b 6ap>K-B noAOinejrb TpajibiunKTj «B-Bjio6epe)Kbe» (H3-b 
rpynnbi Mbica TapxaHT>) h, BbicaAHB-b 6ofiu.oB'b, cobm-bctho ct> 
«EncKOM'b» h ApyrnMH pa3rpy>KeHHbiMH cyAaMH bi> 13:00 ymejrb 

3a BTOpblM'b SlHajIOHOM'b. CTpeMHTeJIbHblM'b HaTHCKOMTb BblCa- 

>KeHHbiH Mac™ 3axBaTHjiH HeSo^buioft n^auAapM-b, ho nojiyHHB- 
inift noAKptn^eHie npoxHBHHK'b ycHjnurb oroHb no SeperoBOH 
nojiocb h ero aBiauin CTajia Somite aKTHBHoft. noAomeAiuiH cyAa 
flepBaro OTpaAa h Tperiii OTpsiA^, KOTopbift, H3"b-3a 6oJibinon 
BOJiHbi y 3HHKa.ie 6bijrb noaiaH'b kt> XpoHH, He cmoivih npoH3Be- 
cth BbicaAKy h BepHyjiHCb bt^ cboh 6a3bi. Ctj yTpa cji-feAyiomaro 
Ahh H-BMeuKaa aBiauJH B03o6HOBHjia HajieTbi. TpajibmHK'b «Kh- 
3H^TanjT>» h majiaHAa «TaHaHCb» nojiymuin cepbe3Hbin noBpe>K- 
AeHiH h 6ap)Ka-npHCTaHb 6b\na coBepmeHHo pa36HTa 6oM6aMH. 
CBH3b cb AecaHTOiwb 6bijia HapyuieHa. Jlnuib b^ 7:00 TpeTbaro ahh 
rpynn-fe cyAOB-b Kan. ^eftT. HHKOJiaeBa, HecMOTpn Ha CH^bHbift ap- 
•HMJiepiHCKifi oroHb h Ha^eTbi aBiauiH yAajiocb BbicaAHTb noA- 
Kp'bnjieHiH, cHOBa 3aHHBiniH 6eperoByio nepTy. Bt. 15:00 H3"b TeM- 
piOKa Bbiuuin Kopafijin ct nacTHMH BToporo auiejiOHa, ho Bbica- 

135 



OSttb iiojinocTbio hx'b lie yAanoch, t. k. 6epei"b CHOBa 0Ka3a;iCH B'b 
pyKaxi. npoTHBHHKa. Bcero y XpoHH 6hjio BbicaweHO 3462 neji. 
HacTH 387-ro CTplyiKOBaro nojiKa nana.™ HacTynjieme B'b HanpaB- 
-lemH Ha Kepwb, ho, BCTp-feTHB-b ynopHoe conpoTHBJieHie, nojiicb 
nepemejrb k^ oSopOH'b. TaKHiwb oSpasoM-b, k^ MOMeHTy Hanajia 
AecaHTa B'b <J>eoAociH, bm-bcto npe^nojiaraBiuarocH o6pa30BaHia 
cnjiouiHoro ABaAUaTHna™ KHjioiweTpoBaro cppoHTa, Ha cbBep- 
HOM'b 6epery no^yocTpoBa, AecaHTb 6burb Bbica^en-b jinuib B'b 
AByx-b M-fecTax-b, npn newb ero qacTH, noHecH 6ojibLuiH noTepH, 

(paKTHHeCKH HaXOAHJIHCb BTb OKpy>KeHiH. Bee JKe 3TH A"BHCTBiH 

CHJibHO noiworjiH OeoAociftcKOH onepauw, TaKt Kaicb otthhvjih 
Ha ce6n rjiaBHbia chjim npoTHBHHKa. 

He Ha MHoro jiymue npoiujia onepauJH B'b KepMeHCKCwb npo- 
.ihb'b. IljiOByMHX'b cpeACTB-b y KepneHCKoft 6a3H coBepuieHHO He 
6mjio h, He cMHTan «M. 0.» h TopneAHbixT> KaTepoB"b, ajih ne- 
peB03KH AecaHTa 6h^h npHBJieneHbi pbi6ojioBHbie caftHepbi, 6ap- 

JKH H 60TbI, KOTOpbie MOIVIH B3HTb JIHllIb OrpaHHMeHHOe MHCJIO 
SoHU.OB'b. ripHHHMaH BO BHHMaHJe Ma.iyiO UIHpHHy npO^HBa 6bIJiO 

npeAnoJioiKeHO, mto sth cyAeHbiuiKH CMoryrb 6bicrpo coBepuiHTb 
ntcKOJibKO peflcoB-b h AocraBHTb nepBOMy 6pocKy noAKp'hnjieHia. 
Bjih>khiok) orHeByro noAAep>KKy AecaHTy aojdkhh 6biaH OKa3aTb 
KaTepa, ho iyiaBHoft apTHjuiepiflcKOH noAAep>KKOH, He CHHTan njio- 
BywHX'b SaTapeft, HBHjiHCb pacnojio>KeHHbiH Ha TaMaHCKONCb no- 
jiyocTpoB'fe SaTapen SeperoBoft oSopoHM, ycHjieHHbiH apMeficKOH 
apTHJiJiepiftcKOH rpynnoft, 6aTapen Koefi, a^h yBenimemn pafloHa 
o6cTp-Bjia, 6hjih BbiABHHyTbi K"b caMOMy 6epery. 3oHa nopa^Kenia 
TainaHCKHx-b 6aTapeft oxBaTbiBajia bck) n^omaAb orb Mbica XpoHH 
ao Mbica TaKHjib Ha MepHOM-b Mop-fe; ho ajih co6jiK>AeHiH BHe- 
3annocTH 6aTapeH otkphjih oroHb jiHiiib KorAa AecaHTb Aocrarb 
npoTHBonojio)KHaro 6epera. J\jin o6jierMeHia noAxoAa kt. MtcTaMt 
BbicaAKH B'b npojiHB'fe HOMbio Shah noeraBJieHbi HaBHrauioHHbie 

3H8KH, HO BOJIHbl COpBaJIH HX'b Cb IWBCrb. ZI.JIH OpraHH3aUJH BCeft 

BbicaAKH, nocTpoflKH npHCTaHeft h pa3rpy3KH MaTepbajibHoft na- 
cth, KawAOMy AecaHTy npHAaBajiHCb cocTaB;ieHHbie H3"b Mopa- 

KOBT> OTpHAM HIBapTOBKH. 

FIocaAKa bohcktj npoHcxoAHJia bt> TaiviaiiH h KoMCOMO.ibCKh; 
TaK"b KaKt r^aBHbiH cpapBaTep-b npoaHBa HaxoAHJiCH noAt> oScTpt- 
.uomtd KepqencKHx-b SaTapefi, a^ih H36-B>KaHiH noTepb otphah bi»i- 
xoahjih Hepe3-b Ty3JiHHCKyio npoMOHHy. CyAa cb AecaHTOMb ujjih 
TpeMH bmhhmh ct. HHTepBajiaMH bt, iiojmaca h aojdkhh 6bMiH 

136 



HawaTb 0AH0BpcMeHnyio BbicaAKy Bb werapexb MbCTax-b. Ilepabin 

OTpHA"b COCTOHJTb H3T> 8-MH «M. 0.», TOpneAHblXb. KaTepOBTs H 

20-th caHHepoB-b, hm"Bh Ha 6opTy, He cHHraH SofluoB-b aBaHrapAa, 

OTpHABI UJBapTOBKH, KOppeKTHpOBOMHbie nOCTbl H OTpHAbI CBH3H. 

PibicaAHB-b AecaHTt, KaTepa OKa3biBa,/iH apTHJijiepiHCKO-nyjieMeT- 
nyio noAAep>KKy h craBH-iH AbiMOBbia 3aB-fecbi, caflHepbi jKe bo3- 
BpamajiHCb 3a noAKp'bnjieHiflMH. BTopofi OTpHA"b H3"b 12-th can- 
HepoBi> nepeB03Ha"b nepBbin ainajioH-b AecaHTa, TpeTifi coctohjitj 

H3"b 9-TH CaflHepOBTa H 3-X"b 6ap>K"b, Ha KOTOpbLVb KpOIWE BOHCKTj 
Gbl.'IH TaHKH. 

HepBbiH OTpHA'b Bbiuieji-b no pacnHcamio bi> nacb hohh 26-ro 
AeKaOpa, ho uiTopM'b 3aAep>Ka,/rb BbixoAt ApyrnxT> OTpHAOB'b. 
K'b 5:45 nepBbin cyAa craJiH noAxoAHTb K'b 6epery. CTopo>KeBbie 
KaTepa 6bi;iH o6Hapy>KeHbi npoTHBHHKOJvrb btj Tpext Ka6ejibTo- 
Bbix-b orb KaMbiuj-b BypHy h ocB"EmeHbi paneTaMH. Hto6u bbccth 
HbMU,eBT3 Bt 3a6jiy)KAeHie, KaTepa OTKpuB'b nyjieivieTHbiH oroHb, 
noBepHyjw Bb Mope h, KorAa npoTHBHHK'b npeKpaTHJiTa ocB'Bme- 
nie, CHOBa nojmuwh xoAOM'b noAomjiH kt> Sepery h coBepuieHHo 
BHe3anHO BbicaAH^H napTin AecaHTa. 3a KaTepaMH ki STOMy Mt- 
CTy CTajiH noAxoAHTb caflHepbi. He BCTpbTHB-b opraHH30BaHHaro 
conpoTHB^eHiH, AecaHrb 3aHHji-b Kocy h npncTaHb. B"b 5:55 3arpe- 
iMt-ia apTHJMepia Ha TaMaHH, cpeAH kotopoh BMA'EJiHJiHCb rpo- 
MOBbie yAapbi 28 cm. 6eperoBOH GaTapen Mbica AxH^eoHTx He- 
pe3'b HSKOTopoe Bp'eMH yAa^iocb nOAaBHTb apTHjijiepno npoTHB- 
HHKa, cocroHBuiyio JiHUJb H3"b 26 opyAin, ho noAOineAHiie B"b 7:00 
caflHepbi BToporo OTpHAa 6ujm BCTptqeHbi apraMepiflcKHM-b, 
MHHOMeTHbiM"b h ny^eMeTHbiMt orHeiwb h noHecnn noTepn. Bee 
>Ke, npH noAAep>KK'B KaTepoBt, noAKptn^eHiH 6umi BbicajKeHbi 
H AecaHT-b CMOfb 3aHHTb oKpaHHy ropoAKa. K'b noAAHio AecaHrb 
ohjitd ycHjieHb TpeTbHMb. orpflAOM'b. Bee yTpo aBiauia OKa3biBajia 
A"BHCTBHTejibHyio noAAep>KKy AccaHTy; jiHUib bo B'ropofl nojioBH- 

HT> AHH nOHBHJIHCb 12 H'EMeUKHX'b HCTpeGHTejiefl H 25 UlTypMOBH- 

KOBb>, aTaKOBaBiHHXb. AecaHT-b h cyAa. 

Btj ApyrHxi. nyHKTax-b BbicaAKa He yAaaacb. H3"b 3a CHjibHaro 
oGerptwia y CTaparo KapaHTHHa, JiHuib oahhtj «M. 0.» BbicaAH./i'b 
55 nejiOBtKb, ocTa^bHbiH cyAa 3TOH rpynnbi HanpaBHjiHCb Bb> 
u:iH3HaxoAHBUiiHCH KaMbiiH-b BypHy. y 3;ibTHHrH npHiujiocb to- 
>Ke oTCTynHTb; jiHHib cb OAHoro TopneAHaro KaTepa, BbiGpoiueH- 
naro bojihoh Ha 6eperb, h OAHoro caftHepa, coujjio Ha 6eperb 
HbCKO/ibKO AecflTKOBT^ HejiOBbKb. Caflnepbi, ineAHiie eme KJiKH-be 

137 



h"b MblCy TaKH.lb, H3"b-3a BCTp-feMHOH BOJIHbl TyAa He AOL1IJIH H 

BepHyjiHCb Ha TaiviaHb. 

Bcero B"b nepBbift AeHb 6bi.no BbicajKeHO 2175 nejioB'BK'b, to 
ecTb noJiOBHHa npeAnojiaraeiwaro MHCJia, mo He ^a^o bo3mo>kho- 

CTH C03AaTb npeBOCXOACTBO BTj CHJiaX'h. 

Ha cjrfcAyiomiH AeHb BtTep-b ycHJiHJicn ao 7-8 GajuioB-b h He 
no'SBOJiHJi'b MajieHbKHMia cyAaMTj bohth Bis npojiMB-b; AecaHTb, 
necMOTpn Ha ycHjieHie npoTHBHHKa. CMorb yAepwaTb 3aHHTHH 
hmt. no3HUJH, ho Becb njiamiapM-b, Koca h npHCTanb HaxoAHJiHCb 

nOA"b A'BHCTBHTejIbHblM'b OrHeiWb HtMUeBT.. B"b HOMb Ha 28-e 
BtTep'b CTdJI'b CnaAaTb, MTO AaJIO B03MO>KHOCTb B03o6HOBHTb 

AOCTaBKy noAKp-EnjieHift B-b KaMbiui'b BypHy. 

Otphatj (JviOTa «B», noA'b KOMaHAOH KOHTp"b-aAMHpajia A6- 
paiwoBa, KOTopoiwy HaA^ie>Kajio hath K"b Maya,a, CBoeft 33AaMH 
Bbino.iHHTb ne cMorb. 3Torb otphatj cocroHjrb H3-b HaH6o;rEe 
npHroAHbix'b ajih AecaHTHofi onepauiH Kopa6jieft, KaHOHepcKHXi. 
.ioaokt. THna «KpacHbiH AA*apHCTaH'b», 6ojiHHAepoB'b cb Hx-b 
GyKCHpaMH h cropo>KeBoro KopaSjiH «LU-ropM'b». OrpsiA'b rpy- 
3Hjich btj Auawb, ho CTptjiKOBaa MacTb npH6bi.ia Ha npucTaub 
ct> qeTbipexqacoBbiM-b onosAaHieiwb. Kpynnaa Bo;ma M'kuiajia no- 
rpy3K-E Ha 3tomt> otkpwtomtj peHA"B, h norpy3Ka 3aTHHyjiacb ao 
noJiynoMH. Bmhah B-b Mope 0TpHA"b nonajiTj bt> iuTopivrb h, bbhav 
ono3AaHiH, BepHy^ica Bb AHany h noTOiwb nepeiuejit btj ynpuTie 
HoBopocciftcKaro nopTa. Bt> 7:00 28-ro OTpHA"b Bbimeji-b Bt Ka- 
Mbiui'b BypHy, KyAa npHSujrb K-b 22:00. ripH noAxoAt ktj Sepery 

KOpa6^H 6bIJIH BCTp'BMeHbl CHJIbHblM'b apTHJUepiHCKHMT., MHHO- 
MeTHbliWb H nyjieMCTHblM'b OrHeiWb. CTptoJIflH H3"b CBOHXl) 130 

M/M.opyAift, nepBoft Hanajia BbicaAKy «KpacHan Tpy3iH». Boiiubi 
cxoahjih Ha Kocy Mepe3T) 6ojiHHAep , b, noABeAeHHbift hocomtj ktj 
caMOMy 6epery. C./rEAyiomHM'b npoH3Bejrb BbicaAKy «KpacHi>n°i 
AAwapHCTaH-b*. Bcero otphaomtj «B» Sbijio Bbica>KeHO 2000 6oh- 
Uobtj, apTHjuiepiH h aBTOMaiuHHbi. Bt> TeneHie CTBAyiomaro ahh, 
OAHOBpeiweHHo cb HanajiOMTj BbicaAKH bt. <t>eoAOciH, bt> KaMbiui'b 
BypHy, Hepe3Tj npojiHB'b, AOCTaBJinjiHCb noAKp"EnjieHiH h kt> Be- 
^epy noMTH bcb n/iaBHbiH chjim, hhc/iomT) 13000 Softu.OB'b, OKa- 
3ajiHCb Ha 6epery. XlecaHrb Haqajrb nepexoAHTb B"b HacTynjieHie. 
Vrpo3a TMjiy orb OeoAOciflcKaro AecaHTa 3acTaBH^a H-EiwueB-b 
nanaTb 0TX0A"b, h 30-ro AeKa6pH 360-mh CTp-fejiKOBbift nojiKT. 
3aufiJi r b Kepnb. 

138 



JXecam-h B-b <J>eoAOcin Hawajicn, Kant 6hjio npeAycMOTpeHO, 
B'b 4:00 yrpa 29-ro AeKa6pa. ElpHHHMaH bo BHHMaHie AecaHTbi, 

npOH3BeAeHHbie B'b BOCTOHHOH HaCTH nOJiyOCTpOBa, H'BMUbl CHH- 
lajIH HOBblH yCHJlifl COB'ETCKHX'b BOHCK'b MajIO BtpOHTHblMH H B'b 
OeOAOCiH OHH 6bIJIH 3aXBaneHbI BpaCnJIOX-b. Iloprb o6opOHHJICH 

caa6ofi 6eperoBOH apTHJiJiepieft, Hivi-EJiHCb 6eT0HHbiH nyjieMeTHbm 

rH-B3Aa, H B'b TOpOA'B, He C4HTaa H'ECKOJIbKHX'b MejIKHXT. OTpHAOB"b, 
H3XOAHJICH JIHLUb OAHHTa CanepHblH 6aTajIbOH"b. 

OTpHA"b tyjioTa. <,; A», noAt KOMaHAOH KanHTaHa 1 paHra 

BaCHCTarO COCTOJUTb H3T3 G/I'BAyKUJUHX'b HOApa3ATWieHiM : 

1. OTpjiA'b Kopa6ejibHOH noAAepjKKH (Kan. 1 p. AHApeeB'b): Kpefi- 
cepa «KpacHbift KpbiM'b», «KpacHbift KaBKa3"b», sck. mhhohocuh 

«IJJayMHH'b», «He3aMO>KHHK'b» H «>KejI'B3HHKOB'b», KOTOpbie HM"B- 

jih na 6opTy nepeAOBofl o'rpHAt AecaHTa. 

2. Otphatj BbicaAOHHbix-b cpeACTB-b (Kan. Jiem. MBaHOB-b): 12 Ka- 
TepoB-b «M. 0.», 2 Tpa;ibmHKa h 6yKCHpbi. KaTepa ao^jkhh 6mjih 

BblCaAHTb UJTypMOBOH OTpHA"b, COCTOHBIUifl H3T3 TpeXCOTb MOpH- 

KOB~b h rHAporpacpHnecKyio napTiio A^IH yCTaHOBKH na MOJiaX'b 
ii npnqa./iax'b HaBHraujOHHbix'b orHefl. 

3. nepBbifl OTpHA"b TpaHCiioproB-b, rpy3HBuiHxc5i B'b HoBopocciii- 
CKt — nepBHH amajiOH'b AecaHTa, h ero oxpaneHie us'h mhhohoc- 

UeBt H TpaJIblHHKOB'h THna «MHHa». 

4. BTopofl OTpHA"b TpancnopTOB-b, rpy3HBinHXCH bi> Tyance — 
BTopofl aniajioH'b AecaHTa, h ero oxpaneHie — jiHAepi. «Xapb- 

KOB'b», MHHOHOCUH H TpaJIbHIHKH. 

JIjih co6jnoAeHiH ckphthocth MaTepbajibnaa nacTb 6bijia no- 
rpy^Kena Ha Kopa6jin HOHbio 27/28-ro ACKa6pH, nocaAKa bohckt> 
6ujid npon3BeAeHa BenepoM'b 28-ro. Ilorpy3Ka nponcxoAHJia hc- 

AOCTaTOMHO OpraHH30BaHHO: H-BKOTOpblH MaCTH TipHSbMH Cb 

ono3AameM'b, Apyria nepenyTajin Ha3BaHia TpaHcnopTOB'b h Ha 
HtKOTopbie KopaSjin 6bbio B3hto 6ojibuie bohckij Misivrb 6ujio 
npeAycMOTpeHO. Bcero B'b HoBopoccificK'B 6buio npHHHTo: 11270 
ne^B-BK-b, 572 jioniaAH h 51 opyAie, ao 120 m/m. BKJiiOHHTejibHO. 
B'b Tyance 6buio npnHHTo: 6365 nejiOB-BK-b, 906 JiomaAeft, 58 

OpyAlH H 14 TaHKOB-b. 

B'b 3:00 28-ro AeKa6pn H3-b HoBopocciftcKa bhuijih noA- 
boahhh jioakh «11J 1 -201» h «M-51». Ohh hm+jih saAaneft ASTb 
CBOAKy noroAH B'b panon-B OeoAOcin h ycTaHOBKy cBt/roBoro 

139 



6ya lOKH^e Mi>ica HjibH, npHKpbiBaBLiiaro 6yxTy cb Koro-3anaAa. 

CaMH JIOAKH, BCTaB-b Ha HKOpfl, AOJDKHbl 6bIJIH BTd yCJIOBJieHHblH 

Macb 3a>Kenb orHH h cjiy>KHTb MasiKaMH. 

B-b 18:00 qacoB-b 28-ro jiCKadpn HoBopocciHCicb noKHHy™ 

MHHOHOCUbl H OTpHA"b BHCaAOHHblX-b CpeACTBT); Maccwb no3>Ke 

3a 6ohm boiujih Kpeficepa. B-b sto BpeMH B-b paftoH-B OeoAOciH 
nyji-b B-BTep-b chjioh 5-6 6ajuioB-b h BpeiweHaMH ine;rb cH-fenb. Bt> 
3:05, onpeA"BjiHBiiiHCb no 6yio, 0TpaAt>, hm-eh rojioBHbiM-b cfviar- 
MaHCKifl MHHOHOceu'b «UJayMHH'b», nepecTpoHjica bt> KHjibBaTep- 
HyK) KOJtoHHy h Jierb Ha Hop;rb. OrpHA^ BbicaAOHHbix'b cpeACTB'b 
HaxoAHJiCH ^-BB-fee kojiohhm, to ecTb SjiHiKe hi. 6epery. Bt> 3:48 
KopaSjiH oTKpbuiH oroHb no HopAy, npnropoAy n cTaHUJH Capu- 
rojrb cBBepo-BocTORH'fee OeoAocin, rA'fe >Keji-B3HaH Aopora bh- 
xoAHT*b K-b iwopro. «>Keji-B3HHK0B"b» h «LUayMHHT3», ajih o6jierHe- 

HiH OpieHTHpOBKH KaTepOB"b, CTP'BJIH.'IH no nOpTy OCBfeTHTejIb- 
HblMH CHapHAaMH. Mepe3"b H-BCKO^bKO MHHyTb npOTHBHHK'b OT- 

R-pbyi-b 6e3pe3y^bTaTHbift BHanaji'B apTHjuiepificKift oroHb h Ha- 
Ha^ib 6e3npepbiBHoe ocB'femeHie noAxoAOBi> k"b raBaHH paKeTaiwH. 

CTj OTKpblTieiWb OrHH KOpa6jIHMH, OTpHA"b KaTepOB-b, CJltA.VH 

noA"b 6eperoM'b cb K>ro-3anaAHoft ctopohm, HanpaBHJicH kt> 
nopTy. Bt> 4:03 Kopa6jiH npeKpaTHjiH oroHb. BbiA"fe^eHHbie ajih 
yHHHTO>KeHiH neperopa>KHBaBUjero bxoatj bt> raBaHb 6oHa, (pJiar- 
MaHCKifl Kaiep-b «0-13» h 6yKCHp-b «Ka6apAHHen"b» o6HapyiKHviH 
Bis ero boctohhoh HacTH npoxoA'b bt> 80 MeTpoBTj h BCTajin y 
ero oKOHeMHocreH MaaKaMH. ToTMacb yue Hepe3-b 9Torb npoxoAt 
bt> noprb ABHHVJiHCb Apyrie KaTepa. nepBHM'b npopBajicn bi> 
noprb KaTepa «0-131» h BbicaAHJi"b mTypMOByro napTiio y MaHKa 

Ha 3anaAHOM"b 3aHJ,HTHOM-b MOJiy. flOOrfe KOpOTKOH CTHMKH MaflKTs 

H CTOHBHiiH 6jiH3-b Hero ABa opyAia 6hjih 3axBaqeHbi. THAporpa- 
(pHqecKoft napTin, BbicameHHOH sthmtj me KaTepoM"b, yaajiocb 
saaceHb MaHK-b, hto cnjibHO b6jieriHJio opieHTHpoBKy bxoahb- 
iuHx-b B-b noprb KopaSjiefl. OcrajibHbie AecHTb «M. 0.» BbicaAHJiH 
cboh iiap-riH Ha LUHpoKOM-b (boctomhomi.) MOJiy h Ha npH^a- 
AaxT. B-b rjiy6HH-B nopia. npeoAOJrBB-b conpoTHBJieHie HeiuHoro- 

HHCJieHHblX-b 3am.HTHHKOB'b H yHHHTOJKHB-b HTiCKO^bKO nyjieMCT- 

Hbix-b rH-B3Ai>, MaTpocbi 3aHHJiH LUHpoKifl MOJi'b h HacTb Teppn- 
Topin nopTa. noc^-fe SToro HanajibHHK-b OTp^Aa KaTepoB-b AaJii> 
ycjiOBHbift cnrHaji'b, no KOTopoMy Kpeftcepa h mkhohocubi abh- 
HyjiHCb K-b nopiy. 3a sto BpeMH oroHb npoTHBHHKa ycnjiH^CH: 
6aTapen cpeAHflro KajiH6pa CTp-fejiHJiH y»ce cb neTbipex-b M-fecT-b: 
cji-baa, OT-b Mbica HjibH, H3-b-3a ropOAa h cnpaBa orb Capbiro^a. 

140 



ConpOTHiuTcnic na 6cpcry BospocTaJio, n noprb o6cTp-feornBajicH 
MHiioMCTaMH h ncpeKpecTHHMTj orHeiwb nyjieiweTOB-b. 

Bt> 4:35 Kpeftcep-b «KpacHbin KpbiM-b» BCTajrb Ha HKopb bt> 
.inyx-b Ka6e,ibTOBbix-b orb LUHpoKaro MOJia. CyaoBbie 6apKa3i>i 
H ocBo6oflHBuiiecH cropoweBbie KaTepa, HecMOTpn Ha 6-th 6ajib- 
iii.ih BTDTept, nana.™ nepeB03HTb bohcio ct> Kpeftcepa Ha npn- 
wajiw. B"b npoxoA^ MOK.ay MOJiaMH ohh nouajiami noji,-b cnjib- 

HblH OrOHb npOTHBHHKa, IipHMHHHBUliH nOTepH. B"b qaCTHOCTH, 

paaio-CTaHuin niTa6a ^ecaHTa 6bijia noBpe>KAeHa h B-b AajibH-fcH- 
iiieMTj CBH3b 6bijia ycTaHOBJiena qepe3T> KoppeKTHpoBoqHbin 
nocT'b. B"b sthxtj TH>Ke l /ibix'b ycjioBiax-b Ka>K^biH 6apKa3Tj coBep- 
lUH^-b 6o;rEe AecHTH peftcoB-b. BbicaAKa h-eckojibko 3aTHHyjiacb 
H 6wjia saKOHMeHa JiHuib kt^ 7:30. 

Cjrbayn 3a Kpeftcepoivrb, B"b noprb HanpaBHjincb mhhohocuw. 
Bt> 4:40 «UIayMHH'b», hm-bh c6htoh CHapnAOMTa rporb-Maqry, oui- 
BapTOBajicH y UlnpoKaro MOJia h no;rb cHJibHbiiwb oraeM-b Bi.ica- 
aH„Tb BoflcKa h TexHHKy. Mepest. 16 MHHyrb ^esaMOKHHicb* 
noAOiueji'b ktj ct-bhk"b bt> K)ro-3anaAHOH nacTH nopTa h eme 
"epes-b nerape mhhvtm, cTptwiHa H3"b bcbxt. opyAift, «>Keji433- 

HHKOB'b* OHJBapTOBaJCH BT> CpeAHeft HaCTH. riO M'fep'B OKOHHaHJH 

bbirpySKH AecaHTa h SoenpnnacoB-b, KOpa6jiH bhxoah^h Ha 
peftAb, h, no yKa3aHiHiwb KoppeKTHpoBOMHwx-b nocTOB-b, noAn.ep- 
*HBa^H AecaHT-b apTHJijiepiftcKHMTj orHeiwb. 

Kpeiicepia «KpacHbift KaBKa3"b», noAb KOMannon Kan. 2 p. 
PyiHHHa, no npHiwBpy "Vindictive" bt> 1918 ro,ny bt> 3ee6piorre, 
ilo^DKeH-b 6biji-b ouiBapTOBaTbCH cb BHtuiHeH CTopoHbi Illnpo- 

KarO MO^a. B"b TO BpeMH KSLK'h MHHOHOCUbl nOIUJIH BT> noprb, 

!'ymHHT> no^Beji-b AeBHTHTbiCHHe-ronHbiH KpeficepT, ktd MOJiy h 
OTAaJiT. HKopb. OSjiomkh 4)epiwb h pa3pymeHHbix'b coopywemrt 

3aTp_VAHHJIH UIBapTOBKV H CHJIbHblH OT>KHMHOH B'ETep'b pa3Bep- 

HyJTb Kpci'icep-b. ByKCHpa. ajih OKa3amH noiwoinH MaHeBpnpoBa- 
Hiio ne 6hjio. BbicaAKa 6oHU,oB"b Hanajiacb npn noMomn rpe6- 
iifjixT> 6apKasoBT3, ho 6omvraHy Bee )Ke yaajiocb 3aBeciH cb 6aKa 
h KopMH nep./iHHH h, pa3BepHyBiuHCb hocomt3 btj Mope, Kpeftcepi> 
noATHHyjicH kt. MOJiy. Bt> 7:15 cb koomm 6buia nocraBJieHa cxoa- 
hh, no KOTopon cojiAaTH 6biCTpo c6%>KajiH Ha 6eperb. J/bhah 
noflxoAHBiniH kt> mojiv Oo^bujoft Kopa6^b, h-bmhh cocpeAOTO- 
mhjih no Heiwy apTHjiJiepincKift, MHHOMeTHbiii h ny^eiweTHbiH 
oroHb. Oco6eHno aoca)KAa,na 6aTapen y Capbirojii>, cTp-feviHBinaH 

141 



no He3amHmeHHOMy mojiomtj 6opTy. Kpeflcep-b OTB-EHajrb h3t> 
oAHH04Hbix-b opyAift, CTp-fejiHH no o6Hapy>KeHHHM'b BCnHUIKaMt. 
IIomth cpa3V Hanajwcb nona,n.aHiH, rjiaBHbiivrb o6pa30M-b B-b Haa- 

CTpOHKH. IlpOTHBOTaHKOBblH CHapHITb npo6H.Tb 6pOHK> 8" 6aUJHH 

h pa3opBa.icH BHyTpH, nepe6HB"b qacrb npncjiyrH. B-b maxrE 
3JieBaTopa sarop-fejiHCb npoBo^a, sarfeM-b no,iy3apH,n.bi, h oroHb 
Mor-b 6h .aoHTH no norpe6a. MaTpocb riyuiKapeB-b rojibiMH py- 
khmh BbifipocHJit H3"b 6auiHH rop"BBniie nojiy3apfliibi h npejioT- 
epaTHjrb B3pwBT5 Kpeflcepa. Mepe3-b H-fecKOJibKO MHHyrb noKap-b 

6hUl-h ,JIHKBH^HpOBaHT> H, 3aM-BHHB-b npHCJiyry, 6aUJHH CHOBa OT- 

j<-pbi„ia oroHb npn py^HOM-b ynpaBJieHin. HtcKOJibKO mhhi h CHa- 
naflOB-b nonajiH btj mocthrtj, Ha KOTopoiwb nanajicn noHopi*. 
JIbr ocpHncpa h H-BCKOJibKO CHrHajibuiHKOBt 6bijio y6HTO. Panc- 
Hbn'i CTapinifi apTHjuiepiftcKifl ocpHuep-b, noc.TB neneBH3KH, Bcp- 
hvjich Ha cboh KOMaHAHbiH nyHKTb. Kpeficepij nOJiyMH^Tj h-bc- 
kojibko npo6oHHt h noHecb 6oJibUjiH noTepH cpejiH npHCJiym 
seHHTHbixi. opyjiifl h apyrHX'b. HaxoaHBinHxca HaBepxy MaTpo- 
cobtj h ocpHu.epoB'b. Bm+jCtb cb rfcivrb Ha BepxHefl najiyS-k Bee 
eme jie>KajiH hihhkh cb MHHaMH h cHapnaaMH nnn aecaHTa h 
npeziCTaBJiMH yrpo3y BspbiBOB'b h noKapoB-b. Hacrynajio cb1vt- 
,/ioe BpeMH h BtpoHTHoe npn 3tomTj noHBJieHie h-bmcukoh aBiauin. 
Y'lHTbiBaH o6cTaHOBKy, KOMaH^Hp-b B"b 8:08 'o6py6H.irb uiBapTOBH, 

OTTHHVJICH 0Tb MOJia H, 0TK;ienaB-b HKOpHblft KaHaTb, BbHIieJIT. 

Ha pcfi^-b. XlHeM-b, Ha CTopowesbix-b KaTepax-b h 6apKa3ax"b Ha 
6eper-b 6i>uia cBe3ena wacTb 6oeBoro 3anaca h HtcKOJibKO opy- 
nm. OcTaBuieecH na Kopa6ji-b 6hjio Ha cTrknyKimifl ^chi» nepe- 
.aaHO Ha Tpancnoprb. 3a 3Torb, .ntftcrBHTejibHO repoficKifi 6ofl 
Kpccepa «KpacHOMy KaBKa3y» 6imo npHCBoeHO 3BaHie «rBap- 
/ieflcKaro». 

Koraa CTa.io cb^tjio, nosiBHJiacb HtMeuKan aBiauin, .t.ih 
6opb6u ct> KOTopoft btj 8:30 6bijia HanpaBJieHa cb TaiwaHH nep- 
BaH rpynna HCTpe6HTe,Jiefl. Ha^era npoAOJDKajiHCb Becb ^eHb h 
ohhh To;ibKO Kpeflcepa h mhhohocuh 6buiH aTaKOBaHbi 13 pa3-b. 
KopafijiH npHHyjKjieHbi 6mjih MaHeBpnpoBaTb h no./ib30BaTbcn 
bcbmh npHro^HbiMH opyztiniwH ajih 3eHHTnaro orHH. Orb 3Toro 
viweHbuja^acb orHeBaa noaAep>KKa aecaHTa, ho Bee »e ktd hcxojv 
^hh nopT-b, ropoA"b h npHJieraromia Bbicorbi 6h.ih HM"b 3annTbi. 
Bb 23:00 Maca Bbica)KeHHbifl cb TpajibiuHKa aecaHTt z&HWb 
craHuiio CapuroJiTj h nepep-B3ajiiD >Ke^-B3Hyio Aopory, ho He- 
6ojibman napTJH, iibiTaBiHaacH nepepfeaTb iuocce Ha 3anaA"b y 
Cy^aKa h KoKTeSe^a. He CMor^a BbicaAHTbcn. 

142 



nepBbiii OTpn^-b TpancnopTOB-b Bbiuieji-b H3"b HoBopocciftcKa 
.mcM-b 29-ro aeKaGpH. Ro tcmhotm cb B03,ayxa ero npuKpwBajiH 
HcrpeSHTejiH. Bt. iwopt TpaHcnopTbi cHjibHo Kanajio, 6ofmbi h 
aawe KOMaH^a CTpaaajiH MopcKoft 6ojit3Hbio. Hto6u BWHrpaTb 
BpeMfl, Kypcb 6biJi-b npo^OKeH-b npaiwo Ha Oeoaociio, h K-b 22:00 
wacaM-b, HMtfl ro.iOBHHM'b 3ck. MHHOHoceu,-b «Coo6pa3iiTejibHbift». 
TpaHcnopTbi HanajiH BxoAHTb B-b noprb. Ctj yTpa, Koraa BoftcKa 
obi.™ ywe Bbica>KeHbi h mjia Bbirpy3Ka TexHHKH, noHBHJiHCb H%- 
MenKie 6oM6apAHpoBmHKH. Kopa6jiH, npoAOJDKaH o6cTp-b,/i'b 6e- 
pera, npHKpbiBajiH noprb CBoeft 3chhthoh ap™.;i;iepieH, ho Bee 
we 6bijio HtcKOJibKO nonaaamfi Bt TpaHcnopTbi h ozwH-b hst^ hhxt> 
aaTOHy.Tb y MOJia. HeciMOTpa Ha Tpyzmoc™ Bbirpy3KH Tflwe./ibix'b 
rpv30B-b, pa3rpy3Ka FlepBaro OTpn^a nponuia ycn-feuiHO. Ho 110- 
.io>KeHie na 6epery, BBH^y no.nxo,aa H3i> neat CeBacTonoJia ht>- 
McuKHx-b pe3epB0B"b h ycH./iHBiHeficH ataTejibHOCTH aBiauJH, OCTa- 
oa.iocb Tpj'aHbiM'b. Ha CTi-feflyiomyio Honb H3T> Tyance npH6biJiH 
nHTb TpaHcnopTOBT. BTOporo OTpnaa h BbicaAHJin noAKp-fenjieHia 
h TanKH. 31 -ro aeKa6pa aecaHTTj Hanajrb npoABHwenie Bnepe/rb. 

nOWyBCTBOBaBT) }Tp03y 6bITb OTp-B3aHHbIMH, irBMeUKO-pyMblH- 
CKJH M3CTH HaXOAHBIIliHCH Bl> B0CT04H0M MaCTH nojiyocTpoBa, 

CTa.iH OTxo^HTb Ha 3anafli3, 6pocan apTHJuiepho h o6o3bi. Ko 
2-mv HHBapH 1942 ro^a 63-h aHBH3iH aocTHrjia CHBama 3anaa- 
H"fee ApaSaTa, 157-h 3aHHJia cbohmh qacTHMH KoKTe6ejib h spe- 
mchho CTapwft KpwM'b, ho, BBH^v ycHJiemn npOTHBHHKa Ha 

3TOMT. CppOHT-B. COBliTCKiH MaCTH nepeiHJIH K"b oSopOHTi, 38HH- 

Mancb neperpynnHpoBKaMH h npHBe^eHieM-b Bt nopH,aoKT> TbiJia. 
3a HeHaAo6nocTbK), OTpsurb xopaSejibHoft noanepyKKK 6uji-b ot- 
npaB^eH-b juin nonojiHemn 3anacoB-b B"b HoBopocciftcicb. TpaH- 
cnopTbi cb Hx-b oxpaHeHieMi) npoAOJOKajin AOCTaBJiHTb B-b Oeo- 
aociio, KaMbiui-b BypHy h Kepnb noAKp-Enjiemfl h CHa6>KeHie. 
HtiMeuKaH aBiauia nbiTajiacb STOiwy M-fcuiaTb. 1-ro HHBapn OHa 
coBcpuiHJia cn^bHVK) 6oivi6ap.aHpoBKy HoBopocciftcKa. OeoAOcin 
nojBeprajiacb Ka>KAOAHeBHbiM-b Ha.ieTaM-b h H-fecKOJibKO napoxo- 
joB-b Sbijio TaM-b yTon^eHO. 3ck. MHHOHOceu-b «mayMHirb» no- 
„TyMHJi-b T«>Ktvioe noBpe>Kj.eHie h 6biJi-b B3opBani3 npH nocji-feAO- 
BaBineH 9BaKvauiH ropoAa. 

Mopcxan MacTb OeoAOcificKOH onepauiH 6biJia npoBeaeHa 
BnojiH-fe ycntuiHo, ho Bb ^ajibH'bHiiieM'b coB-BTCKoe cyxonyTHoe 
KOMaHAOBanie oKa3a^ocb He Ha Bbicorfe h aonycTHjio paxb ouih- 
6oicb, CBeAuiHX-b Ha h-bttj Bet ycHjiia. Htivmbi na cppoHrt npo- 

143 



XomKaim ycwi$n*bCfl h jv\n co3,ianiH hmt> noMt.xii, pano yTpoiwb 

12-TO HHBapjI ,7IHHeHHbIH KOpa6jIh «CeBaCTOIIO„TI.» o6CTpt>JIH;n. 

CKonjieHic \wb Boftcirb B-b CTapoM-b Kpbiiwy h Cajibi iia MarH- 
CTpajibHofl aoporb B-b CHiwcpeponojib. 

15-TO HHBapH, COCpeaOTOHHBT. MCTbipC 0HBH3iH, IlliMUbl 
lipopBaJIH paCTHHyXblft CppOHT-b COBtTCKHXT. BoftClCb H 18-TO 33- 
HH.JIH OeO^OCilO. CTd 60JIMUHMH nOTepflMH COB-BTCKJH apMJH OTO- 

iiuih Ha AKTa-MaHaHCKyro no3Huiio, itte h saKp'fenHJiHCb. 



IloqTH oaHOBpeMeHHO ct> KepneHCKO-Oeo,T;ociftcKoit oncpa- 
nieft 6burb enje npoH3Be,a.eH'b ,a,ecaHrb bi> EBnaTopiH. 3th onc- 
pauin 3aKOHHHJiacb Hey^aHHO, h coB-feTCKaa npecca ee 3aMa.Tin- 
Baerb, mo JiHinaerb bo3mo>khocth cyaHTb o en n'fcviHX'b h npe,o,- 
nojiaraBiiiHxcH MacuiTa6ax-b. Mojkho ayiwaTb, mto oHa 6biJia npo- 
H3BezieHa ;uih .neMOHCTpauJH jiauib ajih oSjierneHifi KOHTp-b-na- 
CTynjieHiH, KOTopoe ceBacTonoJibCKift rapHH30H-b npoH3Bejrb bt> 

3TH AHH Ha CBBepHOWb y^aCTICB oSopOHbl. 

Ba3HpyHCb Ha H-biweuKie hctohhhkh, J. Meiser bt> cbocmT) 

Tpyzrfe coo6inaerb cji'hjxyK) iu.ee: 

B"b 2:45 5-ro HHBapa 1942 rojia, OTpa/rb cob-btckoh iwopCKOii 
ntxoTbi Hanaji^ Bbica^Ky Ha nacTHHHo yHHMTO>KeHHvio EBnaTO- 

piHCk'yK) npHCTaHb. BCTpeBO)KeHHblft IUyMOM"b MOTOpOB-b B"b MO- 
P'S h HajieTOM-b aBiauJH, c,7ia6bift H-BMeu,KO-pyMbiHCKift rapHH30Hi> 
6h\ji-b HaroTOB-fe, h OTRpbiBiuan oroHb H'BMeu.Kaa 6aTapen HaHec.ua 
^ecaHTy 3HaMHTejibHbia noTepH. Bee >Ke 800 MopflKOB-b 6hjo bh- 
ca>KeHO h npa noivtomH BbicrynnBiuHX-b napTH33H-b hmtd y^ajiocb 
3anflTb BOCTOHHyio nacTb ropo.ua. Cneuia.nbHan KOMaHfla, hiwbb- 
uiaa CTpoHTejibHbie MaTepbHJibi, noHHHHjia npHCTaub h 3a>Krjia 
Ha Heft HaBHraujoHHbie orHH. no Ha6^ioAeHiHM'b cb Sepera. ot- 
pnjxb Kopa6«ieft, Bi.ica>KHBaBmift AecaHTb, coctohjit> He MeH'ke 

KaKTa H3T3 AByX-b 3CK. MHHOHOCUeB-b THna «B» (OflHHT> H3Tj HHXT. 

A132), TpajibiuHKa. Tpex-b KaTepoB-b h He MeHte ojiHoro TpaHC- 
nopTa. ApTH^iepiftcKift oroHb Kopa6.iefi 6uji-b Majio jtbhctbh- 
TejieH-b, ho coB-BTCKaa aBiauin coBepniHJia ntcKOJibKO Hajie-roB-b 
Ha 6aTapero, BeAiuyio 3arpaaHTejibHbiii oroHb B-b dopoHy Mopa. 
Mepe3-b H-BCKO/tbKO qacoB-b nocjrb naHajia .necaHTa B-feTep-b CTajn> 

VCHJIHBaTbCH H 6-TO aOCTHr"b CH^bl ceiwH 6ajIJIOB-b. Bojibiuoft Ha- 
KaT-b He n03BO^HJI-b Ha 3T0MT> OTKpblTOM-b peftAt npOH3BOAHTb 

144 



KaKiH-.iH6o onepauin. Ytpomtj, bi> ceMH KH-jioMeTpax-b joKH^e 
ropoaa ckTb Ha Mejib h noTOM'b 6bun> Bbi6pomeH'b Ha necoicb 
TpajibmHKTj «B3pbiBaTe^b». Ta »ce yqacTb nocTHrjia o^HH-b Top- 
nezmbift KaTep-b, Tor,a,a Kaicb B"b xo/rb onepauiH HaSjno/UMHCb 
nona^aHiH CHapn^OB-b bt> MHHOHOceu"b, TpaHcnoprb h ozunrb 
TopneAHbift KaTepi.. Btd Torb we AeHb rapHH30HTj nojiy^wrb noa- 
Kp%njieHie h HaHajrb ownmaTb ropo/rb orb ocTaxKOB'b ^ecaHTa. 
Btj Howb Ha 8-e, ABa MHHOHOcua CHOBa o6ctp"bjihjih ropo/ri>, ho 
necMOTpH Ha to, mto B-feTep-b cna^-b y>Ke bt> Te^eHie ahh, HOBbix-b 
nonbiTOK-b Bbica^HTb AecaHTb hc npoH3BOAHjiocb. Ktj Be^epy 8-ro, 

BTj ynOpHHX-b V.JIHWHblX'b 60HX-b, BeCb COBTyrCKift JXQCaHTh 6bIJIT> 
.IHKBHflHpOBaH-b. 

(npOAOJI/KCIlic CJltAVCT-b). 

II. A. HiipiH'KI. 




■ IIHMtllMIHIIIIIIIIIIIIItllllllllllllHIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIMMIMtlllllllllllMllllllillllllMIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMI 



BHHMAHIK) IIOflnHCVHKOB'h 

BO &PAHI(III II <PPAHIiy3CKHXh KOJIOHIHX1, 
nPEflCTABHTEJIb 

«M0PCKMX1) 3AnMC0K-b» 

Ha (t>paim.iio h ({)paimy;!CKiH Koaoniii: 

Kan. 2 p. Bjia^iiMip-B BjiaHHMipoBimi> CKPHEHH'b 

Mr. W. Skriabine 
181-ter, Avenue de Clichy 
Paris 17, France 
Cheque Postal — 12056-28 

fIpocb6a o6pamaTbCH K-b Heiwy no BCBM-b Bonpocaivrb, 
KacaromHMCH «MopcKHX-b 3anHCOR-b». 



1IIIIIIIIMIIIIIMIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIII Illlllll Illll lllltl IMIMIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIMIMIIIIIIMI IIIIIIIIIHIIIII 

145 

M3 io 



Kan. 1 p. A. I. /JaparaHi,. 



BOCIIOMHHAHUI 



3to 6hjio btj 1906 r. B-b JlHSaB-fe Ha KopaSjit E. H. B. Kpeii- 
cept II paHra noA"b KOMaH^ofi crraparo KanHTaHa 2 paHra, cTap- 
iLiHM'b o<|)HuepoM'b TaK'b Ha3. CTapiuHMi> JieftTeHaHTOM'b (aroro 
MHHa TorAa eme He 6bi,/io) h ch HHKeHep'b-MexaHHKOM'b — Ka- 

nHTaHOM'b, KOHMHBlLIHM'b aKa^eMKJ. H BOTb Tip'l'hSX.a.eTh B"b JIh- 

6aBy 6parb Haiuero HHweHep-b-iviexaHHKa Bt KaMecTB-fc npcacTa- 

BHTCTIH 6oJIbIHOH (pHpMbl KpaCOICb, H . . . BTd OTCyTCTBiH HHJK.-MeX. 
KaiOTTj-KOMnaHiH ( C06cTBeHH0 MHHOHOCeiVb BTj 500 TOHH'b) 06- 

cy*;iaerb Bonpocb mo>kho jih npHrjiacHTb 3Toro KOMMepcaHTa K-b 
aaBTpaxy Ha Kopa6ji-B (!). Kt> cnacTbio, ai-orb areHrb (pHpiwu 
6biji-b npHrjiameH'b ktj Haiwb h npoBejrb y Hact He TcubKO 3aB- 
TpaKij, ho h Beccjibift BeMept. 



II 

npoiu-nro 20 Ji-BT-b. H KOMaanoBaji-b nyaHbiM-b Kopa6jieM-b 
(«ABTpoHJiOM-b»), no6biBajrb Ha CBBept B-b KawecTB-b KOMaHAHpa 
MypMaHCKaro BoeHHaro nopTa, h CHwy Tenepb MJia#iiiHM"b koh- 
Topm.HKOM'b h npoAaBUOM-b Bt MajieHbKofi areHTypHoft <p H P" 
Mt bt. TejibCHHrcpopCB. Moft «xo3hhht3» — crapbiH 6oraTbift KOM- 
MepcaHTT.. neTep6yprcKifl H-feiweu-b. H Borb ki. Heiwy npit3)Kaerb 

146 



H3T> BcpjiHua cro n.TCMHiiHHua — cme MOJiOAan HHTCpecnaa AaMa, 

H npHXOflHTb nOCMOTptTb Ha KOHTOpy AHAK)LLIKH. MtO TOBOpHTCH 

bt> nepeAneft h He 3Haio, ho Kor^a ohh bxoahti> btj KOMHaTy, rA"fc 
iiacb CHAHrb qeTBepo c/iywaiuHx-b. to xoaaHH-b noKa3t>iBaerb Ha 
mchh h roBopHTt: «A 3to ,H,aparaH'b». flaivta noAHHivtaerb Jiop- 
neTKy, (Tor^a eme hochjih hxtj), oc.MaTpHBaerb cTpaHHaro npo- 
jaBua cb MepHofi SopoAofi h nponjibiBaerb Bt Ka6HHeT-b ahakmhkh. 

Ill 

Ho npoujjio eiu,e 20 ji-ferb, h 3a 3th roAbi cjioBa «xo3HHH-b» 
h «npHKa3MHK-b» noTepajiH nacTb CBoero ocTparo 3HaneHiH. Ot- 
nouieHia pa3Hbix"b KJiaccoB'b HtcKcibKO cr,/iaAHJiHCb, h MHorie Ha- 
MajiH noHHMaTb, mto 6e3"b npe3p"BHHaro areHTa cpHpMbi He 060ft- 

THCb H MTO OH"b HBJIHeTCH CBH3bK) MOKAy npOH3BOAHTejieM"b H 

noTpe6HTe^eMi>. Tenepb oiyMaeTCH, hto KorAa ko mh-b (BtpHte 
ktj mohmtj noKynaTejiHM-b) npi-bswaerb npeACTaBHTe,/Tb xopouieft 
3arpaHHWHOH ipHpiwbi, to Aa>Ke oweHb KpynHbie noKynaTejiH, — 
nanp. napoxoAHbin o6m.ecTBa, ycTpaHBarorb HaMT> HacTOHiujii 
npieiwb, ho 6e3T> npeABapHTC/ibHoft 6ajuiOTHpoBKH. 



•'■'Mill IMIIIIIIIIIMIII MIIIIMIIMMIIP'I I Mill 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 : 1 IT M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 m 1 1 M M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II I II II 

M3flAHIE OBlHE-KAflETCKArO OBbEflMHEHIfl 
nOAb PEflAKUIEM A. A. rEPMHfb 



KyPHAJlK 



BOEHHAi? EBIJIb" 



10-bi« TOAl M3AAHIH 

llo.iimt'iiasi utHa Ha 1961-wh r. 
6 HOMepoBi. — $ 4.50 o> nepecbuiKofi. 

IJprdrmaoumeAu ez GUI A : 

B. A. BbicoirKift: 410 Riverside Drive, Apt. 103-A, 

New York 25, N. Y. 

T. A. Kyropra: 272, 2-nd Av., San Francisco 18, Calif. 

IIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllMIMIIinillllllllllMIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIItlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Mil 111(111 

147 



H. B. KcMapcKiii. 



SCKAffPEHHHH 
MHHOHOCElXb „HOBHKb cc 



(UpOAOJUKCIlic) 



nepe6biBaB-b rio-OAHHomcB h napaMH bt> BepjiHH'h na xo- 

JIOCTeUKifl MaHepi., MM BCB n03HaKOMH,flHCb Cb yK^aAOMt >KH3HH 
II'BMUeB'b, HO 3TO HaCTa He yAOBJieTBOpHJIO H pa3BJieKajIO JIHlHb 

OTqacTH; xorBjiocb qero-TO pyccKaro — Toro, mto mh nepe)KH- 
BajiH HHor^a jrETOM-b y ce6a Ha poAHH-fe, B"b HiwEHiax-b, Ha Aawt. 
H BOT-b, r. K. h M. M. KpaBweHKO npHiu^a Ha yivn^ xopoiuan 
HAea — ycTpoHTb nHKHHicb Bceft KaiOTt-KOMnaHieH, cb aaiwaMH. 

CKa3aHO CA"BJiaHO. B"b OAHO H3T3 HyAHbIXT> COJIHeHHHXTb BOC- 

KpeceHifl bcb mh coSpa^HCb Ha npHCTaHH napoxoAHKOB'b (BpoA'fc 
T'fex'b — cpHR/mHACKaro jierKaro napoxoACTBa B-b CnB.), xoah- 
iUHx-b B-b npHjioKamja icb ULlTeTTHHy AawHbiH M-fecTa. Mu Bbi6pa- 
jm M'fecTOM'b jinn nHKHHKa jiOKamee Ha npaBOMt 6epery OAepa 
M%CTewKO noAerox-b, pacnojicmeHHoe Ha B03BbinieHH0CTH, no- 

KpblTOH TBHHCTblMH paSB-feCHCTblMH JIHnaMH, KaUJTaHaMH H KV- 
CTapHHKOM"b. IlO H3BHJIHCTHMTD pyKaBaMT. p. OAepa, MHMO JKHBO- 
nHCHblXTj MaJieHbKHXTj OCTpOBKOB'b, CnjIOIHb nOKpblTblX'b TpaBOH 
H JiyrOBblMH UB-BTaMH, MM, MHHyTb MepeSt 40-45, AOCTHrJIH Ha- 

uiero Ha3HaneHiH, B3o6pajiHCb HaBepxt h ci> BbicoTH CTajm nio- 

OOBaTbCH OTKpblBUieflCH KpaCOHHOH naHOpaMOH OKpeCTHOCTeft. 

Bia myTKax'b, npH6ayTKaxi3, B"b ApywecKOM-b Bece^bH mm npo- 
148 



bejiH HtcKOJibKO iiojiyAeHHbixTs HacoB-b, 3aKycHjiH B"b pecropaH'E, 

HaCJiaAH^HCb CBT>>KHM'b, AyiUHCTblMTj B03,HyXOM'b H, yAOBJieTBO- 

peHHbie npoBeAeHHHMi. BpeMeHeMTa, BepHyjiHCb Be L repoMi> bo-cbo- 

HCH. K"b COHOJltHiH), 3T0 npiflTHOe yAOBOJIbCTBie He npHIIMOCb 

Gojibiue noBTopHTb — noAxoAHjrb KOHeu-b peMOHTa. yx.e bcb 

KOTJIbl, BCnOMOraTejIbHbie MeXaHH3MbI, BAyBHbie BeHTHJIHTOpbl H 

iiponiH Me^Kia AeTajm Ko^erapoK-b, TypSnHHoe oTATWieme cpeA- 
Heft Typ6HHbi 6hjih norpyjKeHbi h ycTaHOBJieHbi, BepxHaa najry6a 
HaA"b hhmh 3aKpbiTa, h Ha Heft, no AiaivieTpajibHoft njiocKocra, orb 
nojiySaKa ao KopMOBoro MOCTHKa, npoTHHyjiacb HOBaa HaAcrpoft- 
Ka BbicoToft (pyTa Tpn, 3aKpbiBaioiH,aH BepxHie KOflJieKTopbi kot- 
jiobtj h B-BTporoHbi, HarHeiaiouiie BOSAyxt ajih (popcnpoBaHHoft 
•rnrH. 3Ta HaACTpoftna, Kaicb CTaHOBoft xpe6erb, oTA+wuma npa- 
Byio CTopoHy na./iy6bi orb ji-bboA; Mepes'b Hee HaAO 6ujio ne- 
pe^-fe3aTb, h bcbmtj Haiw-b 9to «HeyAo6cTBo» oqeHb He HpaBHJiocb 
— paHbuie 6bMo ;rymne. 3aT"BMT> Shjih nociaBjieHbi bcb 4 rpySbi 

H BeHTHJIHTOpHbie paCTpy6bI «HOBHK'b» nOJiyMHJTb CBOH HOBblft 

«npocpH^b». Tenepb yme Sbui-b 6^H30K , b KOHen,-b Hauieft ctohhkh. 
Ha onepeAH ctoh^Tj Bonpocb ocMOTpa noABOAnoft Macra, ajih He- 
ro HaAO 6hjio bohth Bt aokt>. cTOHBiiiift BAOJib npaBaro Sepera 
OAepa npoTHBi. 3aB0Aa «ByjiKaH'b». Ohi> 6biji-b nocroHHHO 3a- 
HHT"b, ho HaKOHeirt npnuijia h Hama o^epeAb. B"b oahhtj hs^j nep- 
Bbix-b AHeft aBrycTa, bt> 8 Mac. yTpa, okojio Hauiero 6opTa noa- 

BHJIHCb 6yKCHpbI, MblOTAaJIH UJBapTOBbI H THXOHbKO H OCTOpOK- 

ho H-BMUbi noABejiH «HoBHKa» K-b njioByweMy AOKy, ct> noiwombio 
noAaHHbixTj Ha Hero K0HU0B"b BTHHyjiHCb B-b Hero, yueHTpHpoBa- 
.iHCb h, cb noMouibio B0A0Jia30B-b, Kopa6jib 6.iaronojiyqHo ony- 
cthjich Ha 6,/iokh. B-b nojiAeHb mh yace ctohjih b^ aok-b, bmcoko 

IIOAHHBIUHCb HaA"b ypOBHeM-b p-BKH. IlpH OCMOrp'fe nOABOAHOH 

nacTH BbiHCHHjiHCb HenpeABHAeHHbie Ao6aBoqHbie peMOHTbi, rjian- 
Hbift H3T. HHx-b 6bijrb Ham-b pyjib, B-kpH-Ee nepo pyjiH, 0Ka3aBiuee- 
ch B-b naoxoM'b cocTOHHin. JIhcth o6uihbkh paMbi nepa HacTbK) 
6bum copBaHH cb 3aKJienoKi> h 3arHyTM babohh'b, AepeBHHHbie 
BK^aAbmiH, 3anojiHHioinie paMy, orb rpoiwaAHaro AaB^ema boah 
Ha xoAy, BbiBajiHJiHCb h TpeTb nepa npeACTaBJiHJia Raich 6u oko- 
ujko — BOT-b q-BM-b og-bHCHHJiocb to CTpaHHoe noBeAeHie py^H, 
TpeSoBinaro nocTOHHHaro OTKJiOHeHiH ero Bt OAny CTopoHy. 
HTo6bi Aep*aTb Kopa6jib Ha Kypcb; a bcb xan^n KOHCTpyKuiio 
BHOBb BBOAHMaro rHApaBJiHHecKaro ynpaB^ema! 3to BHOBb ot- 
Kpbuoe oScTOHTe^bCTBo 3aAep>KHBa;io nacb HeMHoro AOJibine. 

rpe6nbie BHHTbl, OTnO^HpOBaHHbie HaUJHMH MaLUHHHCTaMH, 3a- 

149 



IwfcHHJIH CTapbie, 6bIJIH OCMOTpeHbl BCB nOABOAHblH OTBepCrifl 

KHHrcTOHOB-b h KJianaHOBt, npoB-fcpeHH MapKH yrJiySjieHifl cpopt 
h axTepiiiTeBHH h, KaK"b (pHHaji"b Bcero, noABOAHan MacTb Haiuero 
KpacaBua Snjia OHHineHa orb paKyLueicb h BOAopocneH h ABa>KAbi 
OKpameHa cneuiajibHofl naTeHTOBaHHofl KpacKoft. noKOHMHB-b ci. 
n^oBywHM'b AOKOiwb, mh BepHyjiHCb Ha npe>KHee m"bcto y 3aBOAa 
h npHHHJiHCb HaBOAHTb HHCTOTy h KpacoTy. npHcyiuyio Kopa6- 
.•rHMTa PocciflcKaro HMnepaiopcKaro cpJioTa. MHoro HaAO 6h;io 
riOTpyAHTbca, hto6h npHBecTH ero btd HaAJiewainee cocroHHie. 
Tottj, kto He npHcyTCTBOBaji-b Ha «Hobhk-b» bo BpeMH ero ne- 
pecTpoHKH, He MOKerb Aa^e npeACTaBHTb bck> raMiwy nep«KHBa- 
Hifl HenocpeACTBeHHaro ywacTHHKa, cpoAHHBiuarocH cb Kopa6- 
jieM-b. 

FIoaoujjio BpeMH, h 3aBOAHHKH HawajiH noroBapHBaTb o Ha- 
iueM'b nepexoA"B 6jiH>Ke wb Mopio, t. e. jiewamifi Ha no6epe>KbH 
rioiviepaHCKaro 3a;iHBa ropoA"b CBHHeMK)HAe, h3t> Koroparo mojk- 

HO SblCTpO BblXOAHTb BTj MOpe Ha npoSbl. KaiCb 6bl B"b noATBep- 

>KAeHie cjiyxoB-b o nepexoAt, K-b HameMy 6opTy 6biaa BCKopt 
noABeAeHa HecpTHHaa 6ap>na, h mh nojiywHJiH nepBbift AOJiroJKAan- 
KbiH 3anacb HecpTH. B"b Torb *e AeHb CTapurift ocpHuep-b npeAJio- 
jKHji-b HaMt bi. SjiHmaHLuie ahh ^HKBHAHpoBaTb 6eperoBbia jkh- 
•iHiua, t. k. Ha Kopa6ji-B bcb whjihh noM-femeHiH, h ocpHuepcKia, h 
KOMaHAHMH, Shjih yme oKOHwaTejibHo oTpeMOHTHpoBanbi h y>Ke 
oKpaiuHBajiHCb. H-feT-b cjiobtj onHcaTb BceoSmyio paAOCTb np« 

3TOM1. H3B-BCTiH, B03B - BLH,aBUieM'b B03MO>KHOCTb BCEM!? HaMT> 
BHOBb CJIHTbCH B"b "TBCHyK) Apy>KHyK) CeMbK), paSTaeAHHCHHyK) Bbl- 

Hy^AeHHOH >KH3HbK> Ha 6epery. K"b 3TOMy coSbiTiro cji'fcAyerb 
npH6aBHTb eme oaho HHTepecHoe o6croHTe.7ibCTBo: co BpeMeHH 
Hamero npH6biTifl B"b LLlTeTTHH'b npomjio ywe 3 M'fecaua — cpoKi> 

AJIH BCBXT) HaCb AOCTaTOHHblH, qT06bI BnOJIH-B OCBOHTbCH Cb Hy- 

>koh CTpaHofi bi> «>KHTeHCKHX'b OTHomeHiax'b*. KyAa 6bl HH 3a- 
necjio, rA"b 6m hh 0Ka3a.ncH pyccKifi qejiOB'EK'b, oht. Be3A"b, tot- 
qacb >Ke HaxoAHTi> npiaTejieft, CHMna-riH h npHBH3aHHOcra, h pa3- 

CTaTbCH Cb HHMH 6bIBaerb nOA^aCb T5UKCJIO. TaKT> CJiyMHJIOCb H 

cb HaMH. KorAa, Bt AecnTHx-b HHCJiax'b aBrycia, HacTynHJi-b mo- 
mchttj oTxoAa orb ctbhkh 3aBOAa «ByjiKaH-b», Ha Ha6epe>KH0H, 
cocfeAHeft cb JiouMaHCKoft CTaHiijefi, coSpajiacb Sojibinaa TOJina 
npoBOKaroni.HX'b Hacb «KopHeft», KaK"b mh Ha3HBa^H 3Ty TO.iny, 

COCTOHlUyK) H3"b «npHBH3aHHOCTeft», «CHMnaTifl» H 3HaK0MHX-b. 

Tojina 9Ta coSpajiacb 3a6jiaroBpeMeHno npoBO>KaTb, h CTapuieMy 
ocpHuepy npHuuiocb «A03BOJiHTb, B-b noc^-feAHifi pas^, nonpo- 

150 



iu,aTbCfl» c-b KaKofl-HH6yAb TpeTxeH-b. KapojiHHofi, KaTpHHxeirb 
hjih KjioTHjibAofl. ripomaHin Hep%AKO 6hjih BecbMa TporaTejib- 
Hbia. btj oco6eHHOCTH co ctopohu npoBowaBiuHx-b, h npoAOJDKa- 
.iHCb ao nocji-BAHefl MHHyTbi, Kor\a,a, bt> towho yKa3aHHoe BpeMH, 
noHBHjica jiouMairb h iiiBapTOBbi 6bijiH OTAaHbi. Ha 6epery 3a- 
Me.ibKajiH ruiaTKH, noc.7ibiiiiajiHCb"auf wieder sehen", h IIPreTTHH-b 
cb aaBOAOMTj ByjiKaHt CTa.zi'b HCMe3aTb BAajw. noA"b acKopTOM-b 
SyKCHpoB'b Mbi OTnpaBHjiHCb ki. KOHeMHOMy nyHKTy Hauiero npe- 
obiBaHia Bt TepMaHiH — r. CBHHeiwioHAe — aBaHiiopTy LLlTerTHHa. 

Mh BCTyna^H bo BTopyio (pa3y Haiuero peMOHTa — nepioA"b 
pa3Haro poAa HcnbrraHift MexaHH3MOB"b, kotjiobt> h npo6"b Ha no;i- 

HblH XOA"b, yKa3aHHbIH B"b KOHTpaKT"B, XOA"b, KOTOpblft AO CHX'b 

nop"b TiueTHO crapajiHCb AOCTHHb. IlepexoA'b kt> HOBOMy iwECTy 
mh coBepiuH^H 6^aronojiyHHo h 6buiH nocTaBjieHbi Ha uiBapTO- 
Bbi bt> jiymueH wacTH ropoAKa CBHHeMiOHAe, y KaiweHHOH Ha6e- 

pOKHOH. 

CBHHeMK)HAe He6o^buioft (14000 )kht.) yioTHbifi ropoAOicb, 
.lOKamift Ha ji-BBOM-b 6epery p-feKH Cbhhc, pyKaBa OAepa, BecbMa 
OjiaroycTpoeHHbift; B"b Heivrb h-ett^ HHAycTpiH, HiwEroiueft KaKoe- 
jh6o 3HaMeHie, ho 3aTo ohtj Ba^eH-b jokt^ oneHb A"feflTejibHbiH 
ToproBbifl noprb a^ih MopcKoro TOBapooSM-BHa. Bt> HeiWb nOCTO- 
hhho pa3rpy>KaiOTCH h HarpymaiOTCH MHoroMHCjieHHbie napoxoAW 

BAOJIb BCBXl) 6eTOHHbIX'b HaSepeiKHblXT), H, AJIH yAOOCTBa KOM- 

MepuiH. TyT-b we hm-bctch TaiwomHH. BecHoft h ji-btomtd ropoAi> 

CTaHOBHTCH BABOHH'fe OJKHBJieH'b 9T0 JI'ETHift KynajIbHblH Ky- 

popTb CO MHOKeCTBOM-b KynaJlCWh H MyAHblX-b nJIHJKeft. Mbi, KT> 
COiKa^'BHiK), nOHBHJIHCb B"b HeiWb, KOrAa Ce30HTb KOHMajICH, OCTa- 

BajiHCb jiHiHb 3ano3A3BUjie KynajibiHHKH. J\jih Hacb sto o6ctoh- 
Te^bCTBO 6buio Aa*e npiflTHo: mh momh nojib30BaTbCH noMOH 
cbo6oaoh Ha n^flMcb, xynajiHCb, 3aropajm h Aa>Ke Hrpajm bt> 
TeHHHCb Ha H3o6H^yK)mHX-b xopoiHHx-b CBoSoAHbixi, ruiomaA- 

KaX-b. Mbi, MOJIOAeJKb, nO,/lb30BajIHCb 3THMH yAOBOJIbCTBiflMH BTj 

wacbi «0TAbixa» h Torwacb >Ke noorfe KOHua ahcbhuxtj pa6orb, 

3a6bIBaH Ofi'b y^HH-B, npeAOCTaBJIHH CTapiUHM'b AyMaTb 06l) 0(pH- 

uia^bHbixi. OTB-BTHbixi. oC'EAaxTj h npieMaxij, othochu;hxch K"b 
npeACTaBHTe^bCTBy. 

He6ojibmaH rpynna pafioMHXTj-cneuiajiHCTOB-b 3aB0Aa «By^- 
KaH-b* e*eAHeBHo Sbijia Ha 6opTy «HoBHKa», cn'EiHHO npocMaTpH- 
Baa h oKaHWHBaa bcb HyjKHbin pa6oTbi bt> KOHerapKaxia h Typ6HH- 
HbixT> oTA"BJieHiHxi>. BcKopt nocji'fe nepexoAa H3t> TpySii «Ho- 

151 



BMKa» noKa3ajiCH xapaKrepHbui HecpTHHon ahmi, pa3HeciniHCH 
no BceMy ropoAy, B03BtmaH o 6jih3koh npoSt KOTVioB-b 3aB0- 

AOWh; Mbl, HOBHKOBU,bI, Cb HeCKpblBaeMblM'b BOJIHeHieM'b Ctt'BAH.JIH 
3a BCBMH npHrOTOB^eHiHMH, HaAO'BAaH HaUJHM'b HHiKeHepT3-Me- 

xaHHKaM"b BonpocaMH o xoAt pa6orb. Taicb npoAOJimajiocb Htc- 
KOJibKO AHefl, nonyAa npoBtpajiH noA"b AaBjiemeM'b napa cnepBa 
KOTVIbl, a SaT-BMCb IViaBHblH TypSHHbl h bcb BcnoMoraTejibHbie ine- 
xaHH3Mbi. 3to 6bua Taicb Ha3biBaeMan «uiBapTOBHaa npo6a». 
nocjrfe Hen H-BMUbi TmaTejibHo nepecMOTpt^H bcb MexaHH3Mbi h 

JIHlHb TOrAa n03BOJIHJIH A^piKaTb nap-b B"b OAHOMTj H3Tj KOT^OB-b 

AJifl Kopa6e^ibHbixT> HymA"b h ocBtmeHiH. B"b oKHAaHiH npo6u Ha 

HO./IHbIH XOAt BTj MOP'S MM, JIHMHblH COCTaBl), HMTWIH BpCMH AJIH 

BbinojiHeiH oOmenpHHHTbix-b odbmaeB-b MOKAynapoAHOH b-ehuih- 
bocth h oTB-BTHaro npieMa rapHH30Hy LUTeTTHHa Bt jmixfc ca- 
nepHaro nojiKa, npHHHMaBinaro Hacb cb M'fecHU.'b TOMy Ha3aA"b bt> 
cBoeM'b Co6paHiH. Ct> ocpHii.iajibHbiM'b npHraauieHieM'b 6huin no- 
caaHbi crapiuiH ocpHuep-b ct. jiefiT. KHH3b J\. H. ro./iHnbiH'b h h. 

Mbl COBepiJJHJIH CBOK) MHCCilO H OAHOBpeMeHHO yCTaHOBHJIH AeHb 

npieiwa; cjiynaHHO OH"b coBnajrb cb KaHyHOM-b npo6bi Ha nojiHbiH 
xoatj. Karorb-KOMiiaHiH, Cb ynacTieM-b KOMaHAHpa, o6cyAHJia 
nporpaMMy HecTBOBaHin rocreH — CHawajia npieMt repMaHCKHXT> 
ocpHuepoBij Ha Kopa6jrB, ocMOTp-b ero, 3aT-BMi> TopmecTBeHHufi 
oS'BA'b Ha 6epery. KoMaHAHpt, Sojibiuoft 3HaTOicb pyccKon KyxHH, 
npHHHJi"b iKHBoe ywacrie bt^ cocTaBJieHiH mchio, po^H MOKAy bcb- 
mh HJieHaMH KaioT-b-KOMnaHiH 6mjih pacnpeA"BJieHbi h nacbi BaxTbi 
na Kopa6,/YB 6hjih ycraHOBjieHbi cb pac4eT0M"b, hto6m bcb mm 
MorjiH npHHHTb ywacrie Bt o6i>A'B. TaKt KaKT> npHrjiauieHHMX'b 

OiKHAaJIOCb SOJIbUJOe HHCJIO H BCBX"b BMliCTHTb B1j KaK>rb-KOMna- 
HiK) «HOBHKa» Mbl He MOr^H, 6bIJIO ptUieHO HOABICKaTb noAxo- 

AHHi,ee noMi>m,eHie Ha 6epery. TaKOBoe 6hjio HaflAeHO HeAaJieKO 
orb Harnett ctohhkh, Ha Ha6epemHOH. Pecropa-ropbi, nojiywHBi, 

MeHK), 3aHHJlHCb npHrOTOBJieHieM'b HaUJHXTa pyCCKHXl. JIK>6HMbIXb 

3aKycoKTj h 6jiK>Kb o6i>Aa. 

JXenh npieMa h oS'BA'b npomjiH 6jiecTHm,e . . . «/lpy}KecKaH 
6ecbAa» 3aTHHyjiacb Aajieno 3a nojiHOHb. CAepiKaHHbie BOo6uj.e, 

HiiMUbl Ha STOTTj pa3T> pa30UIJIHCb, H HMT> He 6bUlO yroMOHy ao 

caMaro yTpa cji-BAypmaro ahh — ahh Hamefl npo6bi B-b Mopt. Kt> 

MOMeHTy CT>eMKH CO IHBapTOBOB-b BCB 3aBOACKie HH)KeHepbI 6hUlH 

bt> cCopii, a HauiMx-b ocpHuepoB'b — CTapinaro ocpnuepa, poTHa- 
ro KOMaHAHpa, peBH3opa h MHHHaro otpHuepa — eme He XBaTa^o: 
ohh eme 6mjih TaMT., cb H-feMHaMH. KoManAHp-b. pa3Apa>KeHHbiH, 

152 



XOAHJI'b no MOCTHKy, rOTOBblfl BblHTH B'b MOpe 6e3"b HHX'b, nfec- 

KC/ibKo pa3T> nopHBaHCb B3HTbca 3a MaiiiHHHbiH Tejierpacpi). Ha- 
KOHeii-b, qepes-b H-fecKOJibKO MHHyrb nocjrfe 8 wac, ohh bcb npH- 

6bIJIH, H Mbl HeMeAJieHHO OTOUIJIH 0Tb CTEHKH. «OKOM'b 3aK0Ha» 

ohjitj TOTnacb see oTAaH-b crporift npHKa3t no Kopa6jno o6i> 

STOlWh npOHCUieCTBiH. MCKAY T-felWb «H0BHK'b» BbllHejTb H3"b-3a 

MOJia B'b noMepaHCKyio 6yxTy h nocTeneHHO AOBejrb xoAb ao 
no^Haro. 3to fiujrb Haui"b nepBbift npo6Hbift npo6'Erb, h ohtj 
upoAOJiyaajicn He oco6eHHo AOJiro. Bet MexaHH3Mbi A^HCTBOBa^n 
McnpaBHo; npn ynpaB.iemH hmh ctohjih Hanm ManwHHCTbi h ko- 

Merapbl nOA"b npHCMOTpOM'b SaBOACKHX'b HHCTpyKTOpOB'b H HH- 

>KeHepoBT>. npeABapHTC/ibHaH npo6a npoinjia rjiaAKO. BepHyB- 
mHCb B-b raBaHb, npeACTaBHTejiH 3aB0Aa npoBejin H^CKOJibKO AHeft 

B'b OCMOTp'fe MexaHH3MOB"b H HCnpaBJiemH HaHAeHHblX-b MC/IKHXTj 

HeAocTaTKOB-b. Haina MauiHHHaa KOiwaHAa 6buia oneHb 3aHHTa, 
a Mbi, BepxHHH, CTpoeBaa, BTHrHBajiHCb B'b peryjiHpHoe pacnncaHie 
— BaxTy, paSoTbi, yieHin. B'b CBo6oAHoe BpeMH, noJib3yncb xo- 
poiuefi noroAoft, mm cb J\. H. QeAOTOBbiM-b oSbiKHOBeHHO nepeA'b 
yiKHHOM'b nporyjiHBajiHCb no njiH>Ky. H Borb, bt> oahhi. m'std AHeft 
noarfe nepBoft npoSu, B03Bpamaacb h noAxoAH icb «HoBHKy» 
H H3Aa^iH hmtj jiroSyacb, mbi BApyrb noqyBCTBOBajiH cnjibHoe co- 
TpHceme B03Ayxa, ryji'b h yBHA'BJiH BbicoKift CTOJiG'b njiaiweHH h 

MCpHblH AbIMT> H3-b TpeTbeft Tpy6bl. Mbl nyCTHJIHCb 6-fejKaTb H, 
6yAyHH 6.JIH3KO, yBKR^JlH, 4T0 H3"b KOHerapKH Ns2 BblCKaKHBaiOT'b 

KaKie-TO «apanbi», hhcjiomtd 3 — to 6hjih o6o»ciKeHHbie Kone- 
rapHbift cTapmHHa >KypaBJieBi., KO^erap-b CKopo6oraTOB-b h em,e 

OAHH-b, HMeHH KOTOparO He nOMHH). >Kap-b B3pbIBa IipOAOJDKajICH 

TOJibKo MrHOBeHie; cnacTbe nx-b, hto ohh ycn-fejin 3aKpbiTb tvresa 

K HHKTO H3Tj HHX'b He OCJTBII'b; OJKOrH BCKOpt 3a>KHJIH. ITIpH OC- 

MOTp-fe Koraa He 6biJio HaftAeHo HHKaKHx-b AecpeKTOB"b, ho 3Torb 

lIOBTOpHblft B3pbIB-b 6bIJTb HCHbIM"b HanOMHHaHieM-b HeSpeiKHOCTH 

B'b Bbino;iHeHiH AaHHbix-b CTporHX-b HHcrpyKUJft npH o6pameHiH 
c-b MexaHH3MaMH, h Tenepb noATBepiKAaJiCH rpoMOBbiM'b upHKa- 
30M-b no Kopa6jiK) *). 

nepBaa npo6a Ha nojiHbiH xoA"b Aajia 3aB0ACKHM-b HH^ceHe- 
paM-b yB-fepeHHocTb B'b AOCTH>KeHiH KOHTpaKTHaro xoAa, noneMy 
ohh TaK-b TiuaTejibHO npHroTOBJiHJiHCb K-b cji-BAyiomeft, 2-ft npo- 

6-B, Ha MtpHOH MHJlt, B'b npHCyTCTBlH Hameft npieMHOH KOMHCCiH, 

npHCJiaHHoft H3-b C. neTepSypra B'b cocraB-E HH5KeHep-b-iviexaHH- 



*) flfi HoaCpa 1917 ro^a nosoOHaro B3ptma 6ojnme He noBTopHiocb. 

153 



KOB-b: nojiKOBHHKa B. H. BHHTepa, noAno./iKOBHHKa M. H. flHeHKO 
h KanHTaHa B. B. CaKCb, toh caMoft, KOTopaa Gbijia Ha npeAHAV- 
m.HX'b npo6ax-b «HoBHKa» eme B'b Poccjh h Ha KOTopux-b npn- 
cyTCTBOBajrb h r^aBHbifl HH>KeHep-b LLlTeTTHHCKaro OTA^eHiH 3a- 
noAa «ByjiKaH'b» — HHjKeHep-b Bayap-b. 

3A"bcb He^b3H oSohth MO^maHieM-b npHMHHbi HeH36t>KHOH 
ney^aMH npeAHAyiUHx-b npo6-b ajih nojiHaro KOHTpaKTHaro xoAa: 
1) h naM-b, h HH>KeHepy Bayapy SbijiH naMHTHbi bce nepHneTin 
ch no^roHKoft rpe6Hbix"b BHHTOB-b pa3Hbix-b uiaroBb h npoHHx-b 
ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHiH, BeAyiUHX-b kt> yBe^HweHiio xoAa; 2) «Ho- 
BHK-b» npH noJiHOM-b 3anacfe Hecp™, bo ah, 6oeBbix"b 3anacoB-b, 
mhht> h nponaro CHa6)KeHiH cfeji-b ropa3AO rjiyowe M-BM-b to 6bijio 
npeAycMOTpeHO TeopeTHnecKHMH pacMeiaMH BOAOH3MtmeHiH ; 
3) ki> 9TOMy Tenepb npHSaBJiHJiCH Ao6aBOHHbift B-fecb 6oji^q 

MOLUHblX'b KOTJIOBl.; 4) CB-BAyfOUlie JIK)AH, KpOMft TOrO, yTBep- 

>KAaJiH, hto neperpy3Ka npoH3oujjia eme h orb ht>kotopoh He- 
tomhocth bt> tojiih.hh'b Ha6opa xopnyca h ^hctobi> oSujhbkh 
BepxHefl najiySbi; Aa»e AonymeHHoe caiwoe MHKpocKonHMecKoe 
yTOJimeme MaTepbHJia B'b KOHeqHOM-b HTorfe iworjio AaTb Ao6a- 
BOMHbifl B-fecb B'b H"BCKOJibKO tohhtd (neperpy3Ka cymecTBOBa^a 
h Tenepb, SToro Bayapi. TO>Ke He ynycTHjrb H3T3 BHAa). roTOBnct. 
K"b HcnbiTaHiio, orb KOToparo OTMacTH 3aBHCTwia penyTaujn 3aBO- 
Aa «By^KaH'b» h caiworo HHweHepa Bayapa, A"BJiaBUjaro bce pac- 
neTbi MexaHH3M0B-b, ohtj HacTOH^-b, MToSbi npo6a Ha caMbifi noji- 
Hbift xoA"b 6bi;ia 6bi npoikine;iena npH yoiOBiH cpaKTHnecKaro co- 
6jiH)n.emn yrjiy6jieHia «HoBHKa», corjiacHO KOHTpaKTHofi cnecn- 
(pMKauiH ero nocrpofiKH. H-bmuh ooAyMajw bce bo3mo>khocth 
AOCTHJKeHia Hy>KHoft CKopocTH — ohh Aawe coxpaHHjiH Haiuy 
pocciflcKyio HecpTb, AaromyK) 6ojiEe Kajiopift h BbiKaneHHVK) B'b 
oco6yio 6ap>Ky npH Ha^ajiE peMOHTa, a Tenepb noABeAeHHyio K"b 
naineiwy Sopry a«th nojib30BaHifl bo BpeMH npoSbi Ha iwEpHofi 
MH^t. 3Ty HetpTb mh nepeKaMajiH B'b HauiH tpjomhmh OTA"BJieHia. 

OAHHiwb HCHbiiwb yTpoM"b, KorAa KT> 8 HacaM"b COSpajIHCb 
npeACTaBHTejiH 3aBOAa h Haiua KOMHccia, «Hobhkt>» Bbiiue./i'b Ha 
ocpHuiajibHyio npo6y h onpeA"BJieHie ckopocth Ha iwfepHOH MHat. 
riocTeneHHO yBejiHHHBaa xoA"b ao caiviaro nojiHaro, «HoBHK - b» 
npoHeccH BHxpeiwb BAOJib Hea B'b oAHy CTopoHy, pa3BepHyjica Ha 
180° h, Ha oSpaTHOM'b Kypcb, npo6'fe>Kaji'b ee btophhho. Bcb Ha 

KOpa6jI'B 6bIJIH BT> BOflHeHiH, a HH>KeHepbI B'b OC06eHHOCTH. Ha 

no^HOM-b xoAy «HoBHK'b» SyKBajibHo BCTa^-b «Ha ah6h»; oh^ 
154 



Kaicb 6h npHcfeji-b Ha 3aAHia Jianbi, (popniTeBeHb bhcoko noAHHJica 
B-b B03Ayx"b, oHia Becb ApowajTb orb Hanpawema h Hecca no boji- 
HaMb TOJibKO Ha naTKt; c-b KopMbi Ha 6aK-b, no najiySt, npnxo- 
jHjiocb hath B"b ropy, npeoAO/i-BBaa orpoMHoe conpoTHBjieHie 
B03Ayxa. 3aKOHMHB'b npoS-ferb Ha MtpHoft mhji"b, mh nocTeneHHo 
VMeHbUJH^H xoA"b ao Majiaro, HanpaBJiaacb bt> raBaHb. Tyra 

TOJIbKO Mbl nOMyBCTBOBajIH, WTO 3HaMHT-b pa3BHTb 37,3 y3Jia. JX'dl 

«HoBHK-b» pa3BHJib 9TOT"b xoA"b, npeB30HAa Bet o>KHAaHia! Ila- 

I)OnpOH3BOAHTe^bHOCTH 6bI,JIO AOCTaTOMHO, MTOSbl npn6aBHTb 

eme 6ojibine o6opoTOBT3 TypSHHaiwb, ho HHweHepi. Bayap-b ne 
noKe^a^ij cpopcnpoBaTb h Sbiji-b BnojiHts yAOBjieTBopeH'b rfcM'b, 
mto 6h,jio yAOCTOBtpeHO Ha o(pHuiajibHOH npo6-B na MtpHoft mh- 
.it — «37,3 y3Jia». Mh BepHyjiHCb B"b raBaHb h OLUBapTOBajiHCb; 

HtMUbl ciHJIH, CJlblUJajIOCb BCK)Ay TOJIbKO OAHO paAOCTHblH n03A" 

paBJiema cb ycn'fexoM'b. Hauia npieMHaa KOMHecia TejierpaMMaMH 
Aep>Ka^a MopcKoe MnHHCTepcTBO B-b CI1B B-b Kypcfe Bcero co- 
BepujaBinarocH h nojiynajia pyKOBOAauija HHCTpyKuin AJia AaJib- 
h-bhujhxtd AtHCTBifl. nocrfc 3toh npo6bi Haiwb ewe npeAcroajia 
nocji'BAHHH KOHTpaKTHaa, Ha qeTbipexqacoBOH neiipepi>imihiii ca- 
Mbifi nojiHbift xoatj- OnHTb HtcKOJibKO AHefl npoHcxoAH^"b nepe- 

CMOTp'b BCBXb MeXaHHSMOBTj H KOTJIOB"b. STHlWb BpeMeHeiWb «Ho- 
BHKb» 6bllYb, OTb KHJIH AO KJIOTHKa, BbmHLU.eH'b H nOKpaiiieHTj H 

uce 6ojibme h Combine npHHHMajib. bhatj BoeHHaro Kopa6;ia; He- 
XBaTajio JiHinb opyAifl h MHHHbix-b annapaTOBij, ocTaBJieHHbix'b 
Bb KpoHUiTaATii. HaKOHeu"b, HtMeuKie HHmeHepbi o6t>hbh^h, hto 
bee roTOBO A-ia npoSbi Ha «npoAOJi»HTejibHbiH xoA"b»- OnaTb, 
etj 8 Hac. yTpa bcb SbiJiH Ha 6opTy, h «Hobhktd» njiaBHO Bbiuieji'b 
Ha OKOHHaxeJibHoe HcnuTaHie. ,H,OBeAa nocieneHHO CKopocTb, no 
iiHC/iy o6opoTOBb rjiaBHUxTj TypSHH-b, cooTB'BTCTByiom.yK) noa- 

HOMy XOAy, Mbl HaHaJIH BHXpeM"b Kpy)KHTbCfl BCe B"b TOM me EIo- 

MepaHCKoft 6yxrE, pa3BOAa B-b Hen BOJiHeHie, KaK-b bt> hjtopmo- 
Byio noroAy, h caMH CTa^n Ha Heiwb KawaTbCH. Orb ujyiua bchth- 

^HTOpOBTj Ha BepXHefl naJiy6"B HaAO 6bIJIO KpHMaTb, MT06bI 6bITb 

ycjibimaHHbiM'b; Bee ryA^Jio h Apowajio orb Hanpn^KeHia. Ho 
Borb HCTeK-b Tpe6yeMbiA cpoKi>, h npoSa 3aBepuiHJiacb KaKT> 
ne^b3H .Jiymne. yiweHbUJH^H xoA"b . . . Cthxjih bchthjihtoph . . . 
rioujJiH Kp-fenKia pyKonoiKaTia, cmt^xtd; myTKH cmTdHhjih Hanpa- 
>KeHHyro aTMOCCpepy nocrfeAHeft ycntniHoft npo6bi. «Hobhktj» 
cHOBa bt> raBaHH Ha njBapTOBax"b . . . H-feivinbi Ha ceAbMOM"b HeS'fe . . . 
IlojiHoe ycnoKoeHie h TopwecTBO TpiyMC^a. PocciflcKaa He(})Tb 
OKa3ajia cbok) iioMomb . . . CHOBa TejierpaMMbi MopcKOMy Mh- 

155 



HHCTepCTBy btj CnB o S^ecTHiu.Hx'b HcnbiTarnHx-b h, KaK-b 3aKJiio- 
HHTe^bHbift aicnb peMOHTa h npo6'b, ocpHuiajibHUH npieM-b «Hobh- 
Ka» Bt Ka3Hy Haiuefl npieMHofl KOMHeciefl h «yTBep)KAeHie npie- 
Ma» B-b C.-neTep6ypr-B. JXjik cHomemH noTpeSoBajiocb H-fecKOJibKo 

AHeH. STHM'b 06cT0HTejIbCTB0M'b BOCnOJIb30Ba^CH 3aBOAt>. Elite 

nocjitAHiH ocMOTpt MexaHH3MOBi3 noc/rfe npo6bi, h mm pa3cra- 
cmch Cb TepMaHiefl h HAeMt kt. ce6"B, Bt HaoiH poahmh najiecraHM. 

nepeHcnbiTaBi> h nepeBOjmoBaBiuHCb TaKt MHoro 3a BpeMH 
peMOHTa h oKOHHaie^bHbixTj HcnbiTaHift, aAMHHHCTpauJH 3aBOAa 
«ByJiKaH-b», HaKOHeu,"b, cboSoaho B3A0XHy.na h, HTo6bi 03HaMeH0- 
BaTb Ky^bMHHauioHHbift nyHKT-b ycn-fexa, ptuiMJia ycTpoHTb «Ho- 
bHKy» napaAHbifl o6t>A'b. 3Torb od^A^ 6bijrb AaHi> Ha 6epery, 
B-b ■JiyHiueM'b pecTopaH-fe KypopTa, h onaTb 6jiH3'b Hameft ctohhkh. 
MHJKeHepu, HB^HBiuiecfl Ha pa6oTy B-b Ka»<AOAHeBHbix-b koctio- 

MaXt, Ha STOTb 06'BA'b HBH,/IHCb COBepilieHHO Hey3HaBaeMbIMH, 
OA"BTbIMH BT> CMOKHHrH, MM HBHJIHCb Bl> (pOpM^. H'BMUbl AToHCTBH- 

■rejibHO noKa3ajiH, wto yM-Eiorb opraHH30BaTb npeACiaBHTejibCT- 
bo: oS'BA'b Smjitj H3bicKaHHbiH, cepBHpoBKa — 6e3ynpeMHan. B"b 

KOHU'E oS-BAa, IIOCJI'E MHOrOHHCJieHHblX'b OCpHll.iajIbHblX'b TOCTOB'b, 

6biBUiiH rapaHTiflHbiH MexaHHK-b, xepp-b OpoHeprb, BCTajTb H nOC/TB 
KpaTKaro iiphb-btctbIh orb JiHua 3aBOAa h .rviaBHaro HHJKeHepa 
Bayapa, Kaicb 3HaK-b Apy>KecTBeHHi>ix'b OTHomemH, npeseHTOBajn. 

9CK. MHH. «HOBHK'b» ajIbO'OM'b CpOTOrpaipifi, CHHTHXTj BO BpeMH 

nocBuiemH Kopa6flH TocyAapeM-b *). 

3TO 6bIJIO 3HaK0Mt 60JIbUJ0r0 BHHMaHJH CO CTOpOHM aAMH- 
HHCTpauiH 3aBOAa H B-b TO JKe BpeMH, HBJIHJIOCb AoporHM-b ciop- 
npH30Mi3. Ajib6oM"b 3Torb CTaji-b KopaSe^bHOH pejiHKBieii h rop- 
AocTbio KopaSjiH; uajio Ha KaKOM-b eme H3i> ApyrHxt Kopa6^efi 
cpjioTa cymecTBOBajiH noAoSHbie a^b6oMbi, Aa eme cb cpoTorpa- 
c[)iHMH TocyAapH. 

riapaAHblft 06tA"b 6HJITJ OAHOBpeMeHHO H npOIU.aJIbHblM'b, 
OH"b He 3aTHHyjICH AOJirO, KaKl> 3TO CJiyMHJIOCb Cb oS-baomtj, AaH- 

HbiMT. HaMH B-b necTb LLTreTTHHCKaro rapHH30Ha. 

HacTynaji-b KOHeu-b aBrycTa, KorAa oipHuiajibHan wacTb Ha- 
Hiero peMOHTa 6ujia saKOHweHa. Mu co6Hpa^HCb aomoh, npH- 
roTOBjiflncb K"b noxoAy. HacTynHjio BpeMH nopa6oTaTb HeMHoro 
no uiTypMaHCKofi nacTH. HoBbie kotjim h npoAOJibHan na^y6Haa 



*) ConacHO P. K. Tpai})! "Ila "HobhkIi", aaiGoini. yjajoci coxpaaaTb nocii 
1917 lOAa, 

156 



naacTpofiKa, 6ojibinic xo^a h nanpjDKenie Bcero Kopnyca bo 
BpeMfl npo6-b co3jiajiM HOBoe MarHHraoe cocroHHie Ha «Hobhk-b», 
h oho aojokho 6hwo OTpa3HTbCH Ha MarHHTHbixT> KOMnacax-b H 
tomhocth Hx-b noKa3aHift. B-b ^eHb yxoaa. no «iuapy BpeiweHH*, 
riOAHHMaBHieMycH B-b CBHHeMiOH^e, onpcu-BjiHjiH nonpaBKy xpo- 

HOMeTpOB-b H nOCJI-fe nOJIflHH «HOBHK-b», paCnpOCTHBUQHCb Cb 

;iK)6e3HbiMH HH*eHepaMH 3aBoaa, Bbiuiejrb 3a mojih raBann, 
\ -HHMTOJKHjrb AeBiauiio, onpe^'fejiH^'b ocraTOMHyro no xpoHOMeTpy 
h co^Huy h npojioKHji-b Kypc-b kt> nopTy HivtnepaTopa AjieK- 
caHflpa III. Bt 9T0T"b noxoA'b cb HaMH inejrb hobhh rapaHTiflHbiH 
MexaHHK-b orb saBO^a «ByjiKaH-b» — xepp-b Xynzn-b. Xoth ko- 
pa6jib Gbijrb npHHHTT. B"b Ka3Hy, ho rapaHTin 3aBo,n,a eme npo- 
AOJDKajiacb. 

KaK'b bt> rocTHx-b He xopomo, ho floiwa Jiyqme . . . TaK-b nyB- 
CTBOBajiH bcb mm, KOi\zia B"b nepBbix-b Hucjiaxi, cenTH6pH, 6jiaro- 
iiojivhuo coeepiuHBT. noxo;rb H3-b CBHHeiuiOHfle, «HoBHK'b» yr- 
oomt> Bouiejrb B"b MopcKoft KaHajrb, BCnymiH B"b aBaHnoprb riopTa 
HivinepaTopa AjieKcanupa III. Xoth 6hjio eme paHO, ho bcb y>Ke 
6i>ijih Ha BepxHefi najiy6-fe h crapajincb pacno3HaTb 3HaKOMi>isi 
M-fccra nopTa h ropo^a. Ma.io no Majiy, bt> yTpeHHefl Mivrfe, pa3- 

.'IHHHJIH MopCKOe Co6paHie H nOpTOBMH Co6opt>, BOIIIJIH B"b 

aBaHnopT'b h bo BHyTpeHHeM-b KaHajrb oumapTOBajiHCb ktj yrojib- 
nofl npncTaHH. Taivrb Hacb yKAana TOJina ^io6onbiTHbix'b, co6paB- 
niHxcH noMOMb niBapTOBaTbCR . . . HeyjiepwHMO-CTHxiHHoe cb 
06-BHx-b cropoHb npoHec/iocb rpoMKoe «ypa!». Taicb BCTp+DHa- 
7HCb cooTeqeeTBeHHHKH, jiaBHO He BH.zi'BBmie apyrb-apyra. Cpean 
TOJinw Ha CTT^HKti 6wjio MHoro CTapbixTj 3HaK0Mbix"b. npinTeJieft 
h cocjiyjKHBueB'b no 1-h Mhhhoh JlHBHsin; iwrHOBeHHo HaMajiHCb 

paCnpOCbl Cb oS'BHX'b CTOpOH-b; HaiUH «MHTHH» Cb anJIOMSOM'b 
nOB-BCTBOBaJIH 060 BCeM-b, MTO BUfl-fejIH 3arpaHHUeft, OHH MyBCTBO- 

najiH ce6a SojrBe npocBtmeHHbiMH h omymajiH cBoe npeBocxofl- 
ctbo nepe^-b MeH-fee cMacTJiHBbiMH, ocTaBuiHMHCH jioivia; B-b oco- 
deHHOCTH ohh pa3CKa3biBajiH cb 9HTy3ia3MOivrb npo nejiaBmn 
npo6bi Ha nojjHbiH xo;rb, Bbi3biBan BoexHineHie, yzumieHie h no- 
MTCHie co CTopoHbi cjiyinaTejieft. 3to 6ujn> npa3jjHHKT3 jijih bcbxti 
6e3"b HCKjnoMeHiH. Ho bottj. BepHyjica orb KoMananpa riopTa 
Hauj-b KOMaHzmp-b, HBjiHBmiHCH no e^yMaio B03BpameHi$i. h wepes-b 
CTapmaro ocpnuepa 06'bHBHJi'b, mto, noc^-fe npieMKH HecpTH, mm 
HAeMTj B"b KpoHUJTa^T'b npHHHMaTb Hame BOopy>KeHie, c^aHHoe 
Ha xpaHeHie. Ottj KOMananpa mh y3Hajin TaKwe, hto iwaHeBpn 
cpjiOTa OKOHqeHbi, h bc% HM-EKrrb «HeA"BJiK)» OTAbixa nocji-B Be- 

157 



reilHHX-b H JI'ETHHX'b TpyAOB-b. Bcfe OTpflAU H JHBH3iH pa36pC7IHCb 
110 H3.JIK)6jieHHfaIM'b lWBCTaMTj BajITiftCKarO MOpH. npHHHBl) He(j)Tb 

ri 3anacbi cBtweft npoBH3iH, Ha Apyroft AeHb, c"b nczTbeMOMT) 
cp;iara. mm noKHHyjin JlH6aBy h, AaB-b 17 ysjioB-b, HanpaBHjiH nyrb 
K'b KpoHiiiTaATy. Bt3 HCHoe, THXoe, cojmeMHoe ceHTuSpbCKoe yTpo, 

KaKJH 6bIBaK)T"b BTj 9TO BpeMH TOJia BT> STHXt M-BCTaXTj, Mbl H3- 
J.ajIH yBH.ZrE.7IH ToJl6yXHHT> MaHK"b, a 3a HHMTj H OCTpOB'b Kot^hht> 

cb ero, He^aBHO OKOHHeHHMM'b nocrpoHKOH, MopcKHMij C060- 

pOMT> *). BOHAH Ha BoJIblHOH peHA"b, Mbl nOAHHJIH n03bIBHbie 

h CHrHajioM-b npocHJiH pa3p-BineHiH bohth bt> raBaub; cb bmiiikh 
MopcKoro Tejierpacpa mm nojiyMHJiH «Otb - btt5» h CHrHaji"b «/Io6po 

nO>KaJIOBaTb». IlpOHAH MHMO MHOrOMHCJieHHMX'b CV^OBTj, CTOHB- 

iuhxtj Ha BH'bmHeM'b pefiirB, OT^aBaa ycraHOBJieHHMH noMecrH 

CTapiUHM-b, Mbl BOIUJIH B"b BoeHHyK) raBaHb H OUIBapTOBa.riHCb K'b 

3HaKOMOMy HaM"b «MHHOHOCHOMy 6oHy» okojio rierpoBCKOH npn- 
CTaHH. KoMaHAHp-b OTnpaBH.iCH cb panopTOM-b K'b KoMaHAHpy 
IlopTa, a CTapmift otpHuep-b nocjiajrb no^uixHnepa 3a noMTofi, 
owHAaromefi Hauiero npH6biTiH. Mm owyTHjiHCb btj ueHTp'E cy- 
tojikh nopTOBoft )kh3hh: mhmo Hacb CHOBajiH, nepecBKan raBaHb 
no bcemtj HanpaBJieHiaM-b, nopTOBbie SyKcnpbi cb HarpyweHHM- 
mh 6ap>KaMH h jinx-repaMH, noAxo^HJiH K'b npncraHH KaTepa h 
iHJiionKH cb Kopa6jieft, CTOflmnx'b Ha peH^.H-BKOTopbie H31. hhxt> 
npncTaBajiH Kt HauieMv Tpany h hst^ Hnxt, Ha najiy6y «HoBHKa», 
bmxoahjih apy3ba, cn-feinHBuiie no3.apaBHTb Hacb cb 6jiarono- 
jiywHMM'b BosBpameHieMTj h ycn'fciHHMM'b saBepuieHieM-b peMOHTa 
K'b TepMamH. Mm 6mjih oneHb pa^bi BH3HTepaM"b — ohh pa3CKa- 

?MBa/IH HaM"b CpJIOTCKiH HOBOCTH, a MM, B"b CBOK) OMepejb, nOCBH- 

majiH Hx-b Bt no^po6HOCTH Hameft 3arpaHHMHOH >kh3hh, peMOH- 
ia, npo6'b Ha «caMMH nojiHbift xo;rb», noKa3MBajiH hmt> no/ia- 
poK-b 3aBojia ^cByjiKaH-b* — uawh HyuHbift ajib6oM'b. riocBTH- 
Te^efi 6mjio MHoro: oahh y-B3>KajiH, Apyrie npi-B3>KajiH — bccmv 
cpjioTy Sbi^'b £oporb Haiu-b Kopa6jib, h B-fecTb o ero B03BpameHiH 
H3"b TepMaHin MOJiHieHocHO pacnpocTpaHHJiacb no BceMy Baji- 

TJHCKOMy MOpK). 

Ctp B03BpameHieM-b KOMaH^npa h3Td nopia HaMT> CTajo H3- 

B'BCTHO O npeACTOHU^HX'b Ha3HaMeHiflX'b «HOBHKa». npHHHTblfi B"b 
I03HV H 3aMHCJieHHMH Bl> JI.'BHCTByiOmiH Cp^OTTj, «HOBHK'b» Bpe- 
MeHHO OCTaBaJICH CaMOCTOHTejIbHOH eaHHHU.eH B-b OITTtyibHOM'b 



*) .\paM^ owjii nocTpoeni Ha jCHtra, coupaiini.m ott> WKejitcaiHHll npo- 
ueHTHbixii oT^HcjieiiiH nsi H«aioBanis Bctxi> otjiHaepoBt BajnincKaro $JioTa n Mop- 
ckhxi fipeRfferal CI1B B IIeTcp6yprcKaro nopTa bi Teienie MHorHXi, Jiiii. 

158 



njiaBairin h npc.znia3HaHa.7iCH juin H'BKOTopbix'b cncujajibHbix'b sa- 

jaMT>. FlepBblM'b A'BJIOM'b MM flOJDKHbl 6bIJIH nOCTaBHTb Ha MtCTO 

HaujH nyiiJKH h MHHHbie annapaTbi, HaxoAHBiiriecH na xpaHeHin 
bt> nopTy, npHHHTb 6oeBofi 3anacb cHapHAOB-b h mhhm yaftTxeAa 
ji nonojiHHTb nojiOKeHHbie no niTaTy MaTepbHJibi no bcemtj 4a- 

CTHIWb Cy^OBOrO X03HfiCTBa. Ha 3TO yUJ^O H^CKOJIbKO AHeft, BT> 

TeneHie KOTopbixi, onHTb noHBHJicn noanojiKOBHHK'b H. H. 3a,7ib- 
ua Ha CBoeiw-b «cjwiarMaHCKOM'b» 6yKCHp-B b^ conpoBo>K,neHiH 
6ap>KT3 cb HauiHMH nymKaMH h mhhhmmh annapaTaMH h Henpe- 
MtKHbiM-b njioBynHMt KpaHOiwb. Ohtj cep^ewHO no3ApaBHJi-b Hacb 
cb BOSBpaiueHieMTj h rpoMa.aHMM'b ycn'fexoM'b. 3a mto mm yro- 
cthjih ero MapKoft boakh h KOMaH^Hoft npo6oft nmuH. Bbiuieyno- 
MHHyTMH npieMKH, ecTecTBeHHO, npoH3Be,7iH H3M-BHeHie MarHeTH3- 
Ma Kopa6^H h BM3Ba.iH BTOpyio 3a/iaMy — yHHHTo>KeHie h onpe- 
xk/ieme ocTaTOMHofi aeBiauiH KOMnacoB'b Ha BoJibiuoM'b KpoH- 

HITaATCKOM'b pefiat. HoKOHHHB'b Cb 3THM"b KOMaHAHp-b, nOJIb3yHCb 

nojiOKeHieM-b Kopa6.m B-b OT.zvB.TibHOM'b njiaBamH, p-EHJH.jrb npn- 

CTynHTb KTj H3V'MeHiK) TaKTHMeCKHX-b CBOHCTB-b «HOBHKa» H 3a- 

nojiHHTb H^KOTopbie naparpacpbi ero TaKTHMecnaro cpopMyjinpa. 

y^oSHOe MtCTO AJIR BbinOJIHeHiH 3TOrO 6bIJIO nO/Tb Sokomtj, h 
TO.'IbKO He^aBHO OHO 6bI,/IO C03AaHO B"b CBH3H Cb yBejiHHeHieM-b 

noTpeSHocTeii cpJioTa — 3to Sbijia «HOBan M-fepHan mhjih», pacno- 
ao>KeHHaH Ha CBBepHOM"b 6epery HeBCKoft ry6bi, 6.HH3b Mbica Hho- 
Hsmh; OHa 6bi;ia pa36HTa Bjiojib Sepera h THHyjiacb Ha H-fecKc/ibno 
MHjib. PacnojiojKeHHaa BAajiH orb rjiaBHaro ABHwemH cya.OB'b, OHa 

jaBa.ia nOJIHyiO B03MO>KHOCTb BOeHHMM'b CyAaM"b BbinOJIHHTb CBOH 

3aAaMH 6e3"b noM^xH. Borb Ha stoh «M'bpHOH MMjit* y Hho-Hs- 
mh, mm h npoBOflHjiH BpeMH, ./xL/ian npo6"bTH no Heft, onpeznyiHH 

3aBHCHM0CTb MOKAy HHC^OMT) o6opOTOB-b Typ6HHT> H CKOpOCTbK) 

bt> y3./iax-b, onpe.a'BJiH./iH, -rowe Ha pa3JiHMHbix-b CKopocrnx-b, pa- 
jiycbi uHpKyjiauift, BpeMH, noipeSHoe ajih coBepuieHin Hx-b, h 
iipow.; HH>KeHep"b-MexaHHKH onpe/rEJiHJiH pacxo;rb TonjiHBa Ha 

pa3HbIX"b CKOpOCTHXTj. yCTOftMHBOCTb H npOH., & BnOCJI'BACTBie 
Ha/UIOKajIO BHHCHHTb H 3KOHOMHMeCKift XOflT^. 

BpeMH Hecjiocb 6mctpo. h 3a Haiue npe6biBaHie btj KpoH- 

IHTaaT-B MM HeSaM-BTHO nOnOJIHH^H Ka^p-b KOMaHAM B03Bpam.a- 

ioiuhmhch cTapbiMH MaTpocaMH, ocTaBjieHHHMH «Ha BpeMeHHoe 
no./ib30BaHie» Ha apyrnxij KopaSjinxij. Ohh, cb pa^ocTbio Ha 
.iHuax-b, HBjiH^HCb CTapnieMy ocpHuepy; H-feKOTopbie AOKJiaAMBa- 
.iH, KaKHx-b TpyAOB-b HMt ctoh^o BepHyTbCH, Kaicb apyrie Kopa6^iH 
He xoTt^H hxt> OTnycKaTb o6paTHo. y Hacb npHSaBjiHJiocb hhcjio 

159 



pyicb, BecbMa HyjKHbix-b npn nameii hhtchchbhoii ropfWK-fc bh- 
iiojineniH naMtweHHaro iuiaHa. Ho Haiwb Ha,ao 6uno HarHaTb npo- 
nymeHHoe. 

Cy^H no noBCAeHho KOMaH,a.Hpa, wto-to o>KHflajiocb — oht> 
'iero-To He AoroBapHBa,Tb, qero-To Cb Hexepn'EHieM'b mjiaji'b . . . 
HaKOHeirb, oxLuaxjibi yTpoiwb, oht> oTj.aji'b npHKa3aHie crapine- 
riy ocpHuepy h CTapmeiwy HmKeHep-b-MexaHHKy npHroTOBHTbca 
Ha cfl-BflyiomiH aeHb kt> noxo^y. «Hej;ajieKO» — npH6aBHjrb oH-b. 

Ha c,7rB,nyiomee yTpo mh npHroTOBjiHJiHCb ki> noxoziy, Kor.ua 
BaxTeHHbifi CHrHajibmHK'b noJio>KH,7rb: «K-b Haiwb noflxozmrb nop- 
tobhh 6yKCHp'b co LHTa6'b-o(pHuepoM'b». Ha najry6y Bbitnejrb 
cpejmnro pocTa Kan. 2 paHra, no3.aopoBa.JiCH co CTapiuHM-b ocdh- 
uepoMTj, Ha3Ba^-b cboio (paMHJiiio — LLIpeMep-b — npocHjrb ao- 
.no>KHTb o ce6-B KOMaH^npy h, oztHOBpeivteHHO, pasptmeHifl Bbi- 
rpy3HTb npHBeseHHHH nivrb mhhh 3arpa5K^eHin h cneuiajibHbift 
pejibcoBbifi cnycKij. a TaK>Ke npHHHTb Ha noxo;rb HtcKOJibKO ne- 
.'roB'BK'b cneuiajincTOB'b-pa6oMHX'b. Bwhuh. KOManaHp'b no3Aopo- 
Ba.7iCH cb H. H. IUpefio'epoM'b h ocb-baomhjich. bcc jih fotobo 
kt> noxoay. noH6i,iBUiie iwacTenoBbie noHHfuiHCb vcTaHaBjiHBaTb 
H VKp-BrL/iHTb BpeMeHHbie pejibcoBbie chvckh juin mhhi 3arpa>K- 
"PHtn Ha .n-BBOM-b 6optv, nooTHB-b nepBaro MHHHaro annapaTa. 

SlvkCh VrvfBCTHO 6va£Tb CKa3aTb HtCKO-JIbKO C^OBTj TOMTj, KTO 

'raKOH KanHTaH-b 2 PaHra HnKOJiaft HHKOiraeBHM'b IUpeftdepT.. 
Oh-b 6biji-b «avuiOH h cepjmeiwb Bceft Hauien 6yaymen o6opoHi>i», 
h Borb noveMv: cjiy^an thScjih Ha Hamnx-b MHHax"b 3arpa>KfleHiH 
nnoHCKHx-b 6poHeHocneBT> «XaTCV3e» h «fluiHMa» h npyrHX-b 60- 

.TBe Me,7IKHX-b CVJOB-b, BO BpeMH pyCCKO-HnOHCKOH bohhh, noKa- 

3a,/iH. KaKoe iworymecTBeHHoe opywie oh-b npeacTaBJiaioTb k K8- 
kvk) rpoMaaHVK) pojib oh-b Syayrb HrpaTb btj Syaymeft bohht, 
npoTHB-b CHJibH^Hinaro npoTHBHHKa. 3th mmcjih no6y4HJiH Kan. 
2 paHra H. H. UIpen6epa 3aHHTbCH hxt. ycoBepuieHCTBOBaHieM'b, 
h bottd, ohi>. 3aB-B^yiomiH .zrkjiaMH no MHHaiwb 3arpa>K,aeHiH h 
•rpajiaiw-b (1907-08) B"b Mhhhomtj Otti'eji-b MopcKoro TexHnnec- 

KarO KOMHTCTa, npOHSBOOTTb OnblTHblH nOCTaHOBKH MHHT> BT> 
MOP"B Ha MHHOHOCU/E «Jl0BKifi», Ha HeiWb )Ke HjeTl) B"b Jla/iowcKoe 

03epo jinn onbiTOB-b nocTaHOBKH mhhtj Ha Te^eHin, coBepmeHCT- 

BVeTTj KOHCTpVKUiK) MHH"b H HKOpeft KTd HHIWb, BbipaSaTblBaeT'b 

npaBHjia ^^h oSpameHin h MeTO^w nx-b nocxaHOBKH. Bt. 1908-11 
ro^ax-b ohtj — noiwomHHK'b r.iaBHaro HHcneKTopa MHHHaro Ot- 
a"fe.ia, co3AaeT-b HOByio yAapHyio MHHy 663^ Ko^naKOB-b, Hann- 

160 



neHHyio TPEHHTPOTOJiyOJIOM'b, Soji-fee Mom.HbiM'b B3pbiBHa- 
rbiM'b BemecTBOiwb, H-kwb nnpoKCH^HH-b, h MeH-fee onacHbiM-b npH 
xpaHeniH h o6pam,eHiH. A ceftwacb eiwy HywHbi AaHHbiH noBe/terna 

MHHTj npH nOCTaHOBK-fe Ha 60JIbUJHXTb CKOpOCTHX'b H B03MO)KHOCTH 

6e3onacHaro ajih KopaSjia cSpacbiBamH hxt> a> 6opTOBbix'b 
pejibcoBbix-b cKaTOB-b. JIjih stoh u-bjih OH"b nojiyqHjrb pa3p-feiiie- 
nie Ha^ajibCTBa Hcnojib30Baxb 6biCTpoxo,a,HbiH «HoBHK"b». rie- 
pe;n> cteMKoft oht> nonpocHjfb KOManzmpa pasptmHTb eiwy co- 

6paTb HaCb BTj KaKyTb-KOMnamH, MTo6bI oS-bHCHHTb, BT) HeiVTb 

6yaerb cocTOHTb 3Ta pa6oia, HHTCpecHan, noyiHTejibHan h no- 
.ie3Haa ajih 6yaymaro. 

OSM-EHnBiuHCb cnrHajiaMH cb MopcKHiwb Tejierpa(poMX> , 
«HoBHK'b» Bbimejrb h3t> Boporb BoeHHoft raBaHH, VBejumnBaH 
xoirb npomejrb Toji6yxHH'b ManKi^ n, nocTeneHHO aobczih xojrb 
jo 24 vsjiobtj, noBepHyjfb, HanpaBJinncb ko bxcuw bi> mxepw. Kt> 
MOMeHTy BCTvruieHifl b^ mxepHbiH dpapBaTep-b y oerpoBa BiopKa 
BpeMeHHbiH 6opTOBbifi cnycKT> jijih mmhTj Shjitj npwiaweH'b, H 
Kan. 2 p. IilpeMep'b npnHHjiCH c6pacbiBaTb mhhh h cb KopMH, h 
cb 6opTOBoro cnycKa, atjiaa otiwetkh bt> CBoeft «koji;xobk-b». 
nnH HanaTfc h kohite pa6oTbi 6hjih c6pomeHbi ono3HarejibHbiH 
B+aiiKH. H. H. LUpeHfiep-b npHaerb cro/ia eme pa3i>, ho ywe Ces-b 
Hacb. BbiTacKHBaTb mhhij h aHajiH3HpoBaTb bck) nocTaHOBKy. a 
noKa — nkno KOHMeno, «HoBHK-b» yMeHbinwrb xo;rb jio 17 ysjiOB-b 
h noBepHVJn> B-b oSpaTHbift nyrb. BevepoMT> Toro me jwh mm 
onHTb Ha uiBapTOBaxi^ y 6oHa bt> BoeHHoft raBaHH; Kan. 2 p. H. H. 
IIIpeH6ep - b. MacTepoBbie h pe.TibcoBbw cnycKt neperpy>KaioTca 
na o>KH/iaK)nn'H Hx-b nopTOBbift SyKCHp-b, ohh npomaiOTCH h yxo- 

JHTb BT> COB. 

FFocjili Haiuero B03BpameHin H3-b TepMaHiH n npHxojia bt> 
KpoHUiTaarb mh bcb, btj CBo6ojiHoe BpeMH, nocfcinajni HamnxT) 

POOTblX'b, jpV3eH H SHaKOMblXT} H Ha K0pa6„1HX'b H BT> CTOJIHU'fe, 
H TaiWb, BT> pa3rOBOpaX-b, OnHTb CJIHUiaJIH BOCXHIHeHie HaiUHM-b 

«KpacaBueMi>» — Haiue hmr ctwrypnpoBajio jaace B-b raseTax^.. 

He.Hb3H 3a6bITb, HTO «H0BHK'b» 6hlJl'h SaKJIOqHTeflbHblM'b aKTOlWb 

nocTpoflKH Kopa6.neH Ha jo6poBo^bHbiH nowepTBOBaHm pyccKHx-b 
imaeH, meapo 0T03BaBiiiHxcH Ha npHSHBiD BejiHKaro khh3h AjieK- 
caHflpa MHxafljioBHMa, B03rjiaB./i«Biuaro KoMHTeTt no nocTpofl- 
K-fe. h. qTo6w noKa3aTb rpawjaHaM-b, mo nx-b no>KepTBOBaHia 
He nponajin japoM"b, p'fenieHo 6hjio noKa3aTb hmt> sck. mhh. 
«HoBHK"b» h no3BOJiHTb ociwaTpHBaTb ero bcbmtj KejiaioinHM'b, a 

161 

• M3 ir 



AJin 9Toro npHBec™ Kopa6ab btj C . - neTep6yprb . Bt> ra- 
aeTax-b 6bMH noMtmeHbi CTaTbH Ha tcmv o nocTpoiiK'E Ha 
HapoAHHH AeHbrH Macra <JMOTa *), h jijih yKejiaioiuHx-b ocmo- 

Tp'BTb SCKa^peHHblH MHHOHOCeiTb « HOBHK'b » , neAaBHO 3a - 
KOHWeHHHH nOCTpOHKOH, 6bIJIH 06'bHBJieHbI AHH, KOr^a OHTj 6y- 
AeTb B-b CIIB flJIH 3TOH U.-EJIH. KOMaHAHp-b nOJiyHHJTb oSl) STCWb 

yKa3aHia H3-b DiaBHaro MopcKoro lllTa6a, h mm era.™ roTOBHTb- 
ca K-b STOMy ocMOTpy. CKep6jiH, MbiJiH, KpacHJiH BHyTpeHHia no- 
iwEmeHia; noTOM'b npHHHjiHCb 3a HaACTpoftKH BepxHett najiy6bi, 
niJironKH h, HaKOHeu/b, 6opTa. Bet mi,i ct> >KapoM-b pa6oTa;ra; 
B^ztb Hauj-b Kopa6;ib hb.ihjich npeACTaBHTejieMib cpJioTa nepeA"b 
HacejieHieM"b cTpaHbi, KOTopoe, BAaJieK-fe orb MOpefi, TyiwaHHO bo- 
o6pa>Ka,/io, mto bochhwh Kopa6jib co6oft npeACTaBJinerb. Ha Hacb 
."rewaJiT) AOJirb B036yAHTb y HapoAa Jiio6oBb ktd cJMOTy, BH3BaTb 

IIHTepeCb KTd HeMy, 3aCTaBHTb rOBOpHTb O HeMT> He TOJIbKO BTj 

npHMopcKHxt ropoAaxt, ho h bt> rjiySHHti CTpaHbi. Pa3roBopoB'b 
Ha KopaQji'b cpeAH KOMaHAH 6bwo 6e3T> KOHua: pascyxmajni, kto 
i<oro npHBeAerb «nocMOTp-BTb Ha Kpacasua, mto pa3CKa>Kerb o 
Heiwb. mto noKa>KeT'b»; BCHKOiuy xoT-fejiocb noKa3aTb Ty wacTb, 
KOTopan 6bijia eMy 6™>Ke no cjiv>k6-b h cnenjajibHoc™, Ka>Kflbii'i 
CTapa^cH npHBecTH ee B-b jiymnift bhat^. MHoro TpyAa 6h.jio no- 
jiojKeHO no npHBeAeHiio ero B"b otjihhhmh bhatj. HaKOHeirb «Ho- 

HHICb» TOTOB-b KTj OCMOTpy, H Mbl Cb HCTepn'BHieM'b >KAeM"b rroro 

co6biTiH. 3a AeHb ao ocMOTpa mh nepeiujiH HS'b KpoHUuaATa B-b 
C.-IleTepSypr-b h ouiBapTOBajiHCb 6jiH3"b HHKOJiaeBCKaro MOCTa, 
Kt npeAHa3Ha L ieHHofi Haiwb npHCTaHH. Ha Heft, ajih Ha6jiK>jxtmH 
3a nopHAKOiwb, Ae^ypHjit Hapflurb p-fcqHoft nojtHuiH. y»e BCKopt 
nocjit Hamero npnxoAa Ha Ha6epe>KHoft HaqajiH co6HpaTbCH rpyn- 
nbi 3pHTejieft; ohh no^ojiry ctohjih, BHHMaTe^bHO pa3CMaTpHBan 
Kopa6jib, yKa3biBan to Ha OAHy nacTb ero, to Ha Apyryro, noAxo- 

AHJIH KT3 nOJIHUeHCKHMT. H noTOM'b MCA^eHHO paCXOAHJIHCb. TaKT. 

npoAOJDKajiocb no cyiwepoicb. Bhjiho 6hjio, ^to mh npHuuiH 
cio^a He jiapoM-h. HaKOHeirb HacTynHJiT. AeHb — ckbthjih naayGy, 
naApaw^H MtiAHinKy y opyAift, MHHHbix-b annapaTOB-b, KOMna- 
coB-b . . . Bt 8 ^acoB-b yTpa noAHHJin Sojibinoft niejiKOBbifl Kop- 
moboh (pjiar-b. KoMaH^y npHHapHAHjra B-b 1-hh cponi. h jiami 
eft paHbine oG-feAaTb . . . pa3CTaBHjiH HHCTpyKTopoB-b y opyaiii. 
MHHHbix-b annapaTOBTj, Ha mocthk-b juin Aa^H oS-bacHeHift nocfe- 



*) IIocTpoeHU bck. mbh. "CH6HpcKifi C^iioKi.", "IIorpanmiinKi.", "3mhpt> 
TiyxapcKift " . " MocKOBnTmnHi, " , " $iran% " . " AstyiieiTi " , " Yf rypiem, " 
"TypKMeHeni, CranponojiBCKifi", "^ohckoh Ka3aKi,", "KaaaHem." h jpyne 



162 



THTe./inM'b h bt> 12 "+3008^ CTajiH o)KHAaTb rocTeft. Ha Ha6epe>K- 
hoh K"b 3T0My BpeiweHH co6pa,flacb y>Ke rpoMaAHan TOJina, 3a- 
npyAHBiuaH Bee npocTpaHCTBo ao HHKOJiaeBCKaro MOCTa. B"b 
noji^eHb OHa noBajiHJia wepes-b npHcraTb h cxoahio Ha «HoBHk"b», 
peryjiHpyeMaH HapaAOMt p-fenHOM nojiHUJH. Ha nojiy6aK-E, Bepx- 
Heft najiySt, mocthk-b 6hjio cnjiouiHoe iwope ro^OB-b, Me,zuieHHO 
nepe^BHraBiuHxcH to bt> ojwy, to bi, flpyryro CTopoHy; npwxo- 
AHJiocb npoTHCKHBaTbcn KaK"b Bis nepKBax"b Ha 3ayTpeHt. Thchmh 
xejiajoiuHx-b oJKHaa^H OMepe^H Ha Ha6epe>KH0H. OciwoTp'b npo- 
nonxajicn ao 6-th MacoBt Bewepa; TOJina Ha HaSepoKHoft He 

VMeHbUiajiaCb, H MHOrHMTj npHIUJIOCb 0TJI0>KHTb OCMOTp-b Ha-38B- 

Tpa. To >Ke caMoe noBTopHJiocb h Ha cjrBTiyionuH jienh. Mto6w 
v,ioB.neTBopHTb Bcfex-b, npHuuiocb nycKaTb Ha xopaSjib napTiaMH, 
ctj orpaHHMeHieiwb BpeiweHH ocMOTpa. 3Ta Mtpa H+^cKOJibKO no- 
worjia, ho Bee we mhoi-mmt^ npHiujiocb nojno6oBaTbCH «Hobh- 

KOMTj» TOJIbKO Cb Ha6epe>KH0H H VflOBJieTBOpHTbCH TTsMT), MT0 

pa3CKa3WBajiH hmtj no6biBaBmie Ha Kopa6ji , B. ra3e™ 6h,jih noji- 
iibi onHcam'flMH «HoBHKa». Tak"b npomejrb, cb rpoMa^HbiM-b yc- 
n+jXOM'b, ocMOTp-b «HoBHKa» bt> C.-neTep6yprk, h Haao .ayiwaTb, 
mto B"BCTb o HeM-b pa3Hecjiacb Brjiy6b CTpaHbi. noKasaB^., mto 
«TpviioBaH KoneflKa» noMoraerb B03po>KfleHiK) h ycHJiemio (pjio- 

TH. 3tH JlWi OCMOTpa SblJIH H-BCKOJIbKO yTOMHTejIbHbl ajih Hacb, 
HO OHH OCTaBHJIH BTs HaCb BCBXTj OTpajHOe HVBCTBO yjOBJieTBO- 

pefflH, mto npHHecjiH KaKyio to nojib3y juin nonyjiflpH3am'H <Jmo- 
Ta btj Hapo^-R. KoiwaH^a Hama 3opKO cn^niwa 3a BCBiwb npoHC- 
xo^HBiiiHM'b B"b nepio/rb ocMOTpa — OHa nepeqHTMBajia ra3eTbi, 
KPHTHKOBa^a HanewaTaHHoe, cMHTan HejocTaToqHbiM'b Bee to, mto 
6biJio bt> hhxt. HanncaHo; hmi. xorfcjiocb 66jibiuHX'b noxBa.Tb h 
F0cxHineHiH jinn cBoero «KpacaBna-Kopa6./m». 

Ha c^tjayioinee yTpo mi.i noKHHyjw ctojihuv h BepHy/iHCb 

BT> KpOHUJTaj.TT3, BTa KOTOpOIWb AOJIVO He 3a^.ep>KajIHCb H, npHHHBT> 

3anacb Hecp™, OTnpaBHJiHCb ^ajibiue BbinojiHHTb Haui'b njian-b. 
Haj,o Ghjio cntuiHTb, KOHeirb HaBHrauw 6biCTpo npH6jiH>KajiCH. 
Mw noc+>TH^H PeBejib, Tc/ibCHHrcpopcb, rfl-fe coSpajw Hauinx-b 

MaTpOCOBTa Cb ^PyrHXTj MHHOHOCUeB'b H COBepHieHHO VKOMJieKTO- 

BajiHCb. Bet 6h;ih 3T0My paflbi -- BHOBb co6pajiacb Hauia apy>K- 
nan HOBHKOBCKaH ceMba. MtoSh 3aK0HMHTb HaiuTj n.naH"b fl.o Ha- 
MaJia 3hmh mij ao./i>khi»i 6i>mh npo6+3>KaTbCH no luxepHbiiwb cpap- 
BaTepaM-b. Rjin nponHx-b mmhohocucbtj sto 6hjio ^-b^omtj 3Ha- 

KOMbllWb H npHBI.IMHblM'b, HO A31H «H0BHKa» 3T0 6bIJI0 HOBbHVTb 

co6biTieM'b — OH-b 6bi^-b btj no^Topa pa3a A^HHHte h umpe Apy- 

163 



rHxii MHHOHOCueB'b, a luxepHbie (papBaTepbi npoxoAHJin bt> y3- 

KOCTHX'b, nOpOH TaiCb H3BHJIHCTMX'b MOK^Y OCTpOBaMH, HTO OblJIO 
HaCTOHTC/IbHO Heo6xOAHMO Tenepb 5Ke BMHCHHTb, MOKerb ;ih 

«HoBHK'b» nojib30BaTbCH hmh. HaH6oji-be BaKHbiMH 6m;ih uixe- 
pbi orb OTpoBa TorjiaHA'b K-b 3anaAy. Orb 3Toro nyHKTa mm h 

HaHaJIH. Mbl npOXO^HJIH MaJIMM"b XOROWh BCB B03M0)KHMe ajih 

Hacb cpapBaTepbi, no Aopor-B 3arjianyjiH onnTb B-b rejibCHHrcpopcb; 
OTb Hero, Hepe3"b 3anaAHMft BbixoAt, MHHya Kp-fenocTb CBea- 
6opnb, npoiujiH K"b riopKajiayAAy h OTTyna HanpaBHJiHCb ki> HaH- 
6ojrfee TpyAHOMy ywacTKy iuxept, HoenmeMy Ha3BaHie «K)Hr(ppy- 
3yHAT>» — KpaflHe y3KOMy, o6paMJieHHOMy noHTH otb%cho o6pbi- 

BaiOIUHMHCH rpaHHTHblMH OCTpOBaMH, C"b KpyTblMH, HeOJKHAaHHM- 
MH 3Hr3ar006pa3HbIMH nOBOpOTaMH; OH"b, H AJIH npOMHX"b MHHO- 
HOCueB'b, hbjihjich HaH6ojrke Tpyzwo npoxoAHMbWb. Hah hmt>, 
orb pyjieBoro rpe6oBajiacb KpaftHHH TOHHOCTb AepacaTb Kopa6jib 
na Kypcb, h6o Ma^'feftuiee OTKjioHeHie B-b cTopoHy Morjio npHBe- 
cth K"b 6'BACTBiK). noaTOMy Ha pyjit y Hacb croHjrb py-ieBOH dap- 
ujHHa rieTp-b BaKyH-b. Mm bolujih B-b lOHrcppysyHAfa caMbiM-b 
MaJibiM-b xoaomTj, 6jiaronojiy4HO npouuiH CKB03b h noHBHjiHCb y 
JIanBHKa, a sarkM-b AocrarjiH TaHr-a — kohchhmh nymcrb Ha- 
iuero npodtra. B-b Teneme aToro AOBOJibHo npoAOAWHTejibHaro 
npo6"Bra «HoBHK - b» mn-h ce6n B"b iuxepax-b xopouio, h bcb TpyA- 
hmh M"fecTa 6mjih npoHAeHM 6e3"b oco6bix-b 3aTpyAHeHifl, ho sto 
6mjio Ha MajiOMij xoAy. Ha 6ojibiuHX'b xoAax"b HaM"b npeACTOsuo 
npoA"feJiaTb Torb )Ke noxoAt BecHofl 1914 roAa, a Tenepb BpeMe- 
hh a^ih 3Toro He Morjio 6biTb yAt^eHO. HaM-b npeACTOHjrb eme 
o6paTHbiH noxoA"b t-emtj >Ke MapiupyTOMij. Mhophmt. MO>Kerb 
noKa3aTbCH a6cypAHMM'b noBTopeHie noxoAa; ohh moivih 6m bo3- 

pa3HTb MTO, MOJITj, «BCe T% >Ke MfjCTa», HO ynyCTHJIH 6m H3"b BHAy, 

mto, HAywH B-b o6paTHOM"b nanpaBjieHin, Bee npeACTaBJiaeTCH a6- 

COJHOTHO ApyrHMTs, COBepiHCHHO HenOXOiKHM'b Ha TO, HTO BHA"fe^IH 

bt> nepBOHavajibHOMij HanpaBjieHin. Hra^, mm nycTHJiHCb bt> 
o6paTHMH nyTb no mxepaM-b h coBepniHJiH ero 6jiarono.iyqHO. 

IlO B03BpameHJH, MM OTnpaBHjlHCb Ha 3HMOBKy B-b PeBe^b. 

(OKOHwaHie c^'BAyeTij). 

II B. KeiviapcKiM. 



164 



KOHTPT>-A£MHPAJTb 
B. A. BHJILKHIJKlft 

1885- 1961 



6 - ro MapTa Bb Bpioccc/ib CKOHwajica Kom-pb - aAMHpajib 
Bopncb AHApeeBHMb BH^bKHUKiH. Bb ero jihu-b mm noTepujiH 

Me^OB-BKa Cb MipOBOM H3BbCTHOCTbK) KaK'b H3O7I'EA0BaTe.fiH ApK- 

thkh, KOTopbift, OTKpbiB*b Bb 1913 roAy apxHne./iarb CtBepHoft 
3eMJiH, .aajrb hvnoM'b ajih n^aBaHia KopaSjieft no BejiHKOMy C-fe- 
BepHOMy MopcKOMy ny™. Bb cjrEAyiomie ABa roAa, KOMaHAyfl 
SKcneAHuiefl rHAporpacpHMecKHxb. cyAOBb «TaftMbipb» h «Baft- 
ram>», OHb BnepBbie Bb. HCTopiH, npeoAOJi'BB'b bcb HaBHrauioH- 

HblH H JieAOBblH TpyAHOCTH, npOUICJIb H3b B^aAHBOCTOKa Bb> Ap- 

xaHre^bCK-b, ornSaH Cn6Hpb cb> BOCTOKa Ha 3anaA"b cb> eBBepa. 

Bopucb AHApeeBHMb poahjich 21-ro MapTa 1885 roAa h, 
oKOHMHB-b MopcKofl Kopnycb Bb 1903 roAy TOT^acb a<e, Ha 6po- 
HCKocub «Ll,ecapeBHMb» yinejrb Ha JXanhmfi Bocroicb, ta^ npn- 
HHjib ynacTie Bb> o6opoH - B FIopTb-ApTypa. ByayMH Bb> noc/rfcA- 
Hie m"Bchuh ocaAH <pJiarb-o(pHu.epoMb KoivtaHAHpa IlopTa, OHb>, 
KOiwaHAyn poToft nocji"BAHnro pe3epBa, cocTaBjieHHoft H3b> nnca- 
pefl h KameBapoBb, otjihhhjich npH KOHTpb-aTaicB Bhcokoh 
ropw, bo BpeMH KOTopofi 6buib THJKe.no paHeHb. 

Bb 1908 roAy BopHCb AHApeeBHH-b OKOHHHJib. HnKOJiaeBCKyio 
MopcKyio AKaA^MiK) no rHAporpatpHwecKOMy OTjitjiy h nojiywrwrb 
3BaHie uiTypMana 1-ro pa3pHAa. Bb 1913 roAy, cji^Aya no cto- 
naMi> CBoero OTua, nojioiKHBinaro Ha^ajio CHCTeiwaTHqecKaro H3- 
CTBAOBaHin CbBepHaro MopcKoro ny™, 0Hb> 6uji-b Ha3HaweHb> 
KOMaHAHpoMb rHAporpacpHwecKaro cyAna «TaflMbipb>» h BCKopt 
3aT-BMb> HawajibHHKOMb. BocTowHaro oTpHAa SKcneAHuin CiiBep- 
Haro JleAOBHTaro OKeaHa. 3a OTKpbiTie apxnnejiara, Ha3BaHHaro 
Bb. to BpeiwH 3eMJieH HivinepaTopa HnKOJiaa II, eMy 6bijio nowajio- 
Bano 3BaHie (pjiHrejib-aAtiOTaHTa. Fiocjib npn6biTiH 3KcneAnuin 

165 



BTb ApxaHrejibCKTs 16 ceHTH6pn 1915 roAa, no ero npocbd-fe njia- 
Baxb Ha 6oeBOM'b KopaSjrfe, Bopncb AHApeeBHw-b Shjitj Ha3Ha- 
weH-b KoiwaHAHpoMTj AOCTpaHBaBiuarocH B-b neTporpaA'fc sck. mh- 

HOHOCUa «JIeTyH-b», HTO AaJIO e\iy B03MO)KHOCTb 3aK0H™Tb Ha- 

ynHbiH pa6oTbi 3KeneAHujH. Cb jiojih 1916 r. «JIeTyH"b» npHHH.rb 
ywacrie bt> onepauiax-b cpjioia bi. BajiTiHCKOiwb Mop^fe. 3a yAa^i- 
Hyio nocTaHOBKy MHHHaro 3arpa>KAeHiH 17 okth6ph 1916 roAa y 
nenpiHTe./ibCKHX'b 6eperoB-b, BopHCb AHApeeBHWb 6bijrb Harpaw- 
AeHi> TeoprieBCKHMTj opyjKieiwb. 17 hoh6ph 1916 r. bxoah B"b Pe- 
Bejib, «JleTyH'b» noAopBajiCH Ha mhh"B, CKpbiTHO nocTaBJieHHoii 
noABOAHoft jioakoh h y Hero 6buia pa3pymeHa KOpMa. 

Bt> 1918 h 1919 roaax-b BopHCb AHApeeBHH-b HaxoAHJica cho- 

Ba B'b ApRTHK-B, KOMaHAyH SKCneAHUJHMH, OTnpaBJieHHblMH C"E- 

BepHbiMTj B'fejibiM'b npaBHTejibCTBOiwb B-b KapcKoe Mope jinn ycTa- 

HOBJieHiH CBH3H Cb aAMMpajIOlVTb KoJIMaKOM'b H AJIH BIJB03KH 

xjiiiSa. 3a yaaiHoe BbinojmeHie a-rax-b SKcneAHuift oht> 6ujii> 

npOHSBeAeHTj C-BBepHblM-b npaBHTejrbCTBOM'b B'b KOHTpT>-aAMH- 

pajibi. riocji-fe KpymeHia C-BBepHaro cppom-a BopHCb AHApeeBHm? 
nepecejiHJica B'b Ahi\jijk), a 3aT%M'b nepe'fexaji'b B'b Bejibriio. Bt> 
1923 - M-b roAy , no nopyqeHJK) aHrjiiftcKoft KoiwnaHiH OH"b 
em,e past coBepniHjrb sKcneAnuiio B'b KapcKoe modc SarEM-b 

OH"b H"BCKOJIbKO JI'ET'b CJiyjKHJI'b B'b BejIbriftCKOM'b KoHrO THApO- 

rpacpOMTi h, BepHyBuiHCb B'b Bpioccejib, Bejrb ckpomhmh o6pa3T> 
)kh3hh 6yxrajiTepa h npenoAaBa-rejia pyccKaro H3biKa. J\o noc- 

.TBAHHX-b CBOHXTd AHeft BopHCb AHApeeBHH"b npoAOJDKajrb HHTe- 
peCOBaTbCH ApKTHKOH, MHTaJTb KHHTH nO 3TOMy BOnpOCy H BejITj 
nepenHCKy Cb HHOCTpaHHHMH VMeHblMH. 

OTAaBan AaHb AOJDKHOiwy, ero hmh VB-BKOBeweHO Ha KapTaxi> 

PoCCiftCKHX'b: npOJIHB-b MOKAV CEBepHOft OKOHeHHOCTbK) A3JH, 
TaflMbipCKHMT> nOJiyOCTpOBOM'b H OTKpblTOH HMt C"BBepHOH 3eM- 

jiefl, no nyTH, no KOTopoiwy HAerb Bee ABHKeme cyAOBT^, SbiJi-b 
B-b ero qedb HasBaH-b npojiHBOMi> B. BHJibKHUKaro. 

Ero A"BHTejibHOCTb B"b ApRTHK-fe nojiywHJia BblCOKyiO OU,"BHKy 
nay^HMXTj KpyroB-b: PyccKoe TeorpacpHHecKoe 06iuecTBO, Ha- 
yHHo-TeorpacpHMecKoe OSmecTBo B'b CTOKro^bM'fe h Societe de 
Geographie B-b napHHit hphcbohjih eiwy sojiotbih MeAajiH. 

Coo6mHjn> n. A. BapHeK-b. 

C£ *>^» 

166 



CTap. JieftT. K. (})OH'b-HoT6eK'b. 



HoBOe O COBtTCKOMt (jDJIOTt 



OMEPEflHAfl CBOAKA 



Kpeficepa. Kpeftcep-b HepHOMopcKaro (pjioxa «MojiOTOB"b» (1939 
roA"b 9000 tohhtd, 35 y3jioB-b, 9 — 7,1" opyAift) no.JiyHH.jrb HOBoe 
Ha3BaHie «C;iaBa». Kpeftcep-b «CTajiHHrpa,zrb» 1934 r. 8800 tohht^, 
36 y3JioB-b, 8 — 6" opyAift, 6biBiuifl HTajibHHCKifl "Duca d'Aosta" 
nepe^aH-b PyMbmiH. 

3cKa;ipeHHbie mhhohocui>i. B-b BajiTificKOMCb Mop-fe oSHapyiKeH'b h 
ctpoTorpacpHpoBaHTj sck. MHHOHOceu/b HOBaro THna «KpynHbin», 

BOAOH3M'BmeHieM'b BTj 3600 TOHHT), CO CKOpOCTbJO B"b 40 y3^0B'b, 

Boopy>KeHHbiH ynpaBiiaeMUMH CHapajaMH (guided 
missies, no o/u-ioiwy cTaHKy Ha SaK-fe h Ha iorfe), npoTHBoaapo- 
n.iaHHOH apTHJuiepieft h 5-k> mhhhhmh annapaTaMH. CKOJibKO 

IlOCTpoeHO TaKHXT^ 3CK. MHHOHOCUeB'b, HeH3B"ECTHO; HeH3B r BCTeH'b 

TaicKe THn"b ynpaB^HeMbixij CHapaAOB'b; craHKH coBepineHHO 
Apyroro BHAa, H-feM-b ycTaHOBJieHHbie Ha aMepHKaHCKHx-b cyAax-b. 

rfOflBOAHblH JIOAKH. 3a;WEqeHbI COB-fiTCKiH nOABOAHblfl JIOAKH, 

npHcnocofijieHHbiH am BbiCTp-bviHBaHiH Sa.n.JiHCTHHecKHX'b CHapa- 

AOB"b BTj nOrpyiKeHHOMt COCTOHHiH. JlOAKH 9TH AByx"b 

bhaobtj: 1) jioakh cb yAJiHHeHHoft btj kopiwb py6Koft, noM-bma- 
lomeH Bcero ab"b Tpy6bi rjih BbiCTp-BJiMBaHia 6ajui. CHapaAOB'b; 
2) .10AKH Cb HeBblCOKOH HaACTpOHKOH 3a SoeBOH pySKOH. bm-b- 
nj,aiom,eH aiecTb TaKiwb TpyS-b (aiwepHKaHCKifl noAJioAKH THna 

167 



"George Washington'"' HMtiorb 16 TaKHx-b xpy6-b!). ,/Ioakh 060- 

HXTj STHXTj THnOB'b AH3ejIbHLIH. 

28 HHBapa apreHTHHCKift cpperarb "Murature" y khkhux-l 
6eperoB"b ApremrHHbi o6cTp , BJiHji'b noABOAHyio JioAKy «HeH3B'h- 

CTHOH HailiOHa^bHOCTH». 

BcnoivioraTe^bHbiH cyaa. BcTynnjio ui> cTpofl HOBoe cyAHO-6a3a 
noABOAHbix-b jio^OK-b «06b» — 5000 tohhi., 20 y3;i0B'b, 4 — 100 
MHjiHMerpoBbix'b up. a. opyAifl, CHJibiiasi pa;iapnaH yrranouKa. 



KPATKIfl 0B30P"b 

COBPEMEHHArO COCTOflHIH <D/I0T0B"b 

BCfcX"b MOPCHMXTd flEPMAB"b 

(OKOHqaHie). 

BawtrBHuiH HSM^neHiji btj cyAOBOMi. cocTaB^ 3a noc^"Banee 
BpeMH. 

COEilMHEHHblE llITATbl. 

HCKJIIOqeHbl H3'b CnHCKOBTj CyAOB-b (pJIOTa JIHHeHHblfl KO- 

pa6jin: "West Virginia", "Colorado", "Maryland", nocrpoftKH 
1920-1921 r. r. "North Carolina", h "Washington" ooctpohkh 
1936 r.; jiHHeftHbie npeftcepa "Alaska" H "Guam" THwejiuft 
Kpeflcep-b "Wichita", 12 jierKHxt KpeHcepoB-b, 8 kohbohhhxi> 
aBiaHocueBTj, 4 sck. MHHOHOcua, 23 noABOA- jioakh, 18 Tpajib- 

HI.HKOB'b, 18 TpaHCnOpTOBTs H pHA"b MejIKHXT) BdTOMOraTeJIbHblX'b 

cyAOB^. FIomhmo Toro, 6 acKaAp. mhhohocucbtj nepeAaHbi 3a- 
naAHoft TepMaHiH, 2 — TpeiiiH, 3 — HcnaHiH, 1 — Flepy h 1 sck. 

MHHOHOCeiTb H 2 nOAB. JIOAKH ApreHTHirB. MHCJieHHblH COCTaB'b 

aMepHKaHcnaro cpJiOTa, TaKHM-b oSpasoM-b, 6wcTpo yiweHbiiiaeTCH, 

HeCMOTpH Ha AOBOJIbHO 3HaHHTCJIbHOe HHCJIO BHOBb CTpOHIITHXCfl 

cyAOBTb. B-b nocrpoHK-fe ceflMacb 3 TH>KejibixTj aBiaHOCiia, H3T> 

KOTOpblX-b OAHHT> Cb aTOMHHM'b ABHraTejieiVTb , BOOpyiKeHHblH 

6aji^HCTHMecKHMH CHapHAaMH h paKeiaMH, 2 iwajibixi) aBiaHOCua 

flJIH BepTOJieTOB-b, 36 SCKaAP- MHHOHOCUeB-b, BT> TOM"b HHCJlt 

oahhtj c"b aTOMHbiM'b ABHraTejieM'b, 4 4>P er aTa, 26 aTOMHbixi, 
168 



iioab. jioaoktj h 2 TpaHcnopTa. IIpoboahtch lUHpoxafl nporpaiw- 
Ma MOAepHH3auiH 6ojrbe crapbix-b cyAOB-b: 3 THjKejibix-b Kpeftcepa 

IiepeCTpaHBaMTCH A^H BOOpy>KeHiH npOMOKyTOMHMMH 6a^JIHCTH- 

MecKHMH cHapaAaiwH h paKexaMH h 165 3CKaAp. MHHOHOCueB-b 
npeAHa3Hawenhi (TnnoBT> "Gearing", "Sumner" h "Fletcher") 
R-b nepecrpoHK-B h K"b nepeBOopy>KeHiK) ajih 6opb6bi cb noABOA- 
ubiMH jioaiomh, h qacTb hxt> y>Ke nepecrpoeHa. 

Atomhuh noABOA. jioakh "George Washington" h "Patric 
Henry" npoH3BejiH pHAt BnojiH-fe yAawHbixib onuTOB'b BbinycKa- 
nifl npoMe>KyTOMHbixT> 6ajMHCTHHecKHXTj CHapHAOBij THna "Pola- 
ris" btj norpyKeHHOM-b noJiomeHiH jioakh. A-roMHasi noAB. jiOAKa 
"Seadragon" B"b aBrycrfe 1960 r. BnepBbie npoiujra H3"b AiviaH- 
THMecKaro bt^ THxift oKeaH-b noAT> JibAaMH CBBepHaro nc/noea 
(noAB. jioakh "Nautilus", "Sargo" h "Scate" bt> CBoe BpeMH 
npoA'fejiajiH 3toti. nyTb bi> oSparaoM'b HanpaBjieHin — hstj Th- 
xaro Bt ATJiaHTHMecKift 0KeaHi>). 

AHI7IW. 

HcKJUOMeH-b H3"b CnHCKOBT. nOCJliflMlH JIHHeHHblH Kopa6jib 

aHrjiificKaro cpJiOTa "Vanguard", cnymeHHbift Ha BOAy bt> 1944 
roAy- OKOHweHa nocTpoftKa JierKHx-b KpeHcepoB"b "Blake" "Lion" 
h "Tiger" npoAOJUKaBiuancH cb nepepbiBaMH 16 ji-ferb! no CBoe- 
My Boopy>KeHiio — 4 — 6" h 6 — 76 mm. np. a. opynJH — 3tk 
Kpeiicepa caMbie cia6bie btj Mipt; h-bttj y hhxTj hh paKeTHbix'b 
ycTaHOBOK-b, hh mhhhhxtd annapaTOB-b. 21 OKTfl6pa 1960 r. cny- 
meHa Ha BOAy Bt npHcyTCTBiw KopojieBbi E,7iH3aBeTbi nepBan 
aTOMHaa noAB. JioAKa aHrjiiftcKaro (pjiOTa, nojiynHBiuaH rpoMKoe 
na3BaHie "Dreadnought". XlBHraxejib eH nocTpoeH-b B-b CLLIA h 
Toro >Ke THna, Kaicb Ha aMepHKaHCKoft .hoak'b "Skipjack". Bt> 
nocTpofticE: 4 acioAp. MHHOHocua, 18 cpperaTOB-b, 8 hoab. JioAoicb, 

B"b TOMTj WHCJl'B BTopaa aTOMHaH JIOAKa. 

4>PAHU,lfl. 

HawaTa nocTpofixa 3-x'b jierKHxb KpeftcepoB'b, BOopyweH- 
Hbix-b paneTaMH. 

MTAJIIfl. 

Bt> nocTpoHK-fe 3 ^erKHx-b Kpeftcepa cii paKeTHbWb h npoTH- 
BO-aapoiMaHHbiMi> BOOpy&eHieifb. 

169 



qmiw. 

MCKJIIOMeH'b H3'b CnHCKOB-b CyAOBT. JIHHeftHblfi KOpa6jIb "Al- 

mirante Latorre" nocji-feAHifi BeTepaH'b fOiviaHACKaro cpaweHifl, 
Bt KOTopcwb OHt, 44 roAa TOMy Ha3aA"b, ynacTBOBaji-b B'b COCTa- 
b-b aHrjiiflcKaro (pjioTa noA"b Ha3BaHieM-b "Canada". Bb cTpoii 

BCTynHJIH 2 HOBbWb 3CKa,Hp. MHHOHOCUa B'b 3000 TOHHTj BOAOH3- 

M-feiueHiH. nocTpoeHHbie Ha 3aBOA"b Vickers, Barrow AHrjiin. 

HOPBErifl. 

OapjiaMeHTOM-b npHHH-ra HOBaa cyAOcrpoH-rejibHaH nporpaiw- 
Ma, npeAycMaTpHBaKMnaa coopy>KeHie juin nopBOKCKaro (pjioTa 

5 TH KOHBOftHblXTj MHHOHOCU.eB'b, 15 MajIblXTj nOAB. JIOAOICb H 31 

TopneAHaro Ka-repa. TkMOBHHy pacxoAOBt no stoh nporpaiwivit 
HecyTt CLUA. 



HOBblE OJlOTbl . 

Me>KAy t-emtj, KaK-b ipjioTbi npewHHx-b Be^HKHx-b AepwaB-b, 
sa HCKjnoMeHieiwb (pjioTOB'b ClilA h CoB'BTCKaro Coio3a, noTe- 
Phjih CBoe npejKHee 3HaweHie, Ha Mopax-b CHOBa nonBHjiHCb BoeH- 
Hbia cyAa yHHMTOJKeHHbix-b B'b 1945 roAy (pJiOTOB-b TepMaHiH h 
JlnoHin; noaBHjiHCb TaioKe h cyAa MHoroMHC/ieHHbix'b hobijxtj 
MopcKHxi) Aep>KaBi>. 

TEPMAHCKAfl OEj],EPATMBHAfl PECnYBJIMKA 
(3AUAJIHM\ TEPMAHIfl) 

OjiOT-b THTJiepoBCKaro «peftxa» noHecb 3HawHTejibHbia no - 

TepH BO BpeMH 2-oft MipOBOH BOHHIJ H 6bIJI"b nOJIHOCTbK) JIHKBH- 

AHpoBaH-b nocjit KanHTy^Huin TepMaHiH B'b 1945 roAy. J\o 1954 
roAa repMaHCKoe npaBHrejibCTBo Aepwajio B'b KaMnaHiH Bcero 
ii-fecKOJibKO HeSojibHJHX-b cyAOB-b TaMOJKeHHOH oxpaHbi, oxpaHbi 
pbi6Hbix-b npoMbicjioB-b h MaHHHaro B-BAOMCTBa. B'b 1954 roAy ct 
B03CTaH0BjieHieM'b nojmaro rocyAapcTBeHHaro cyBepeHHTeTa 3a- 
naAHoft TepMaHiH, cb npHHaTieM-b en B'b cocraB-b rocyAapcTB'b 
NATO H ct> npeAOCTaBjieHieM'b eft npaBa BoopyweHin B'b hsbI;- 
cTHbix-b npeA'feJiax'b, 6hjio npHcrynjieHo kt> B03co3AaHiio cpjiOTa. 
TlepBHMH eyAaMH HOBaro cpjiora Shjih B03BpameHHbie aMepHKaH- 
uaMH npe»Hie repMaHCKie -rpajibniHKH, cb 1946 no 1954 roAa njia- 
BaBUiie h pa6oTaBUjie no OHHinemio C-feBepHaro Mopa orb MHH-b 

170 



noA'b aMepHKaHCKHM-b cbjiarcwb. 3arBM-b 6bi./iH nepeAaHbi 3anaA- 
hoh TepiviaHiH cyzia aiviepHKaHCKOH PeftHCKoA cpJiOTHjiiH h B03Bpa- 
iu,eHbi OpaHuiefl 5 6biBiiiHX-b repiwaHCKHX-b TpajibiuHKOB-b. B'b 
HacTOHiuee BpeMH cp^orb 3anaAHOft TepiwaHiH cocTonrb H3'b 6-th 
acR'ajp. MHHOHocueB-b aiwepHKaHCKaro THna "Fletcher" 3-x-b 
kohbohhhxtd MMHOHOcueB-b, Kyn;ieHHbix'b Ha aHrjiiftcKoft KopoJieB- 
ckoh pacnpoAajK+D cpjioTa, 4-xt> KynjieHHbix-b Taiwb a<e KaHOHep- 

CKHX-b JIOAOK-b, 3 XT> IlOAHHTblX-b CO AHa iwopH, noTonJieHHbix'b 
CBOHMH KOMaHAaMH B'b 1945 TOAY TepMaHCKHX-b nOABOAHblXb 
."IOAOKTd, OTpeMOHTHpOBaHUblX-b H npHBeACHHblX-b B'b nopHAOk"b; 
86 TH TpajIbU|HKOB'b, 1 HCTpe6HTCJIH nOAJIOAOk"b, 40 TOpneAHblXTa 

KaTepoB-b, 32 CTopoKesbix-b cyAOB-b, 6-th AecaHTHbix-b, 49 cneuj- 
a^bHbixt H 3-x-b yneSHbix-b cyAOB-b, B'b TOM-b qHc/it cnymeHHoe 
Ha BOAy B'b 1958 roAy napycHoe co BcnoMoraTejibHHM'b ABHra- 
TejieM-b yweSHoe cyAHo "Gorch Fock". 

B'b nOCTpOHK'B: 12 SCKaAP- MHHOHOCU.eB'b B'b 2850 TOHHTj bo- 

A0H3MT3meHia, H3i) kohxtj 8 6yAyT"b wacTHMHO BoopyiKeHbi paKe- 

TaMHJ 15 nOABOAHblX-b JIOAOICb MajIOTO BOAOH3M-BlLI,eHiH, 2 MHH- 

Hbixt 3arpaAHTejiH B'b 2500 tohhtj, 6 ewcTpoxoAHbix-b (J)pera- 
tobtd, 2 TpajibmHKa 18 TopneAHbix-b KaTepoB'b, 3 cropo>KeBbix'b 
cyAHa, 25 BcnoMoraTejibHbix'b h cneuiajibHbix-b cyAOB-b h 1 yqeS- 

HOe CyAHO Cb Typ6HHHbIMH H AH3e,JIbHbIMH ABHraTCUHMH, Boopy- 

HceHHoe apTHMepieft, mhhhhmh annapaTaMH h paneTaMH. Flo 
TOHHamy ctpohdiiihxch Kopa6^eft BoeHHaro cpjio-ra 3anaAHan Tep- 
MaHia CTOHTt Ha TperbeM-b m-bcttj noc/it CoB'BTCKaro CoK)3a h 
CoeAHHeHHbix'b IilTaTOB'b. BBHAy Ba>KHaro 3HaqeHia repMaHCKaro 
cpJiOTa B'b A"kvrk oxpaHbi BbixoAOB-b H3"b BajiTiftcKaro iwopH, rocy- 
AapcTBa NATO HeAaBHO npeAocraBHjiH 3anaAHoft TepMaHin npa- 

BO nOCTpOHTb nOABOAHblH ,/IOAKH 60JIbUIOrO BOAOH3M'BmeHiH H 

ABa jierKHx-b Kpeftcepa B'b 6000 tohhtj, Boopy>KeHHbix-b paKeTaMH. 

JlHHHbiH cocraB'b repMaHCKaro cpjiOTa B'b HacroHmee BpeMH 
— 12500 wcnoB-BK-b. IIomhmo ocpHuepoB'b h yHTep'b-cxpHuepoB-b, 
B3HTbix-b H3T3 craparo (pJIOTa, BeCb JIHHHblH COCTaBTj (pJiOTa yKOM- 
n.ieKTOBaH'b AoSpoBOJibuaMH, nocTynaK>uu,HMH Ha c.7iy>K6y B'b B03- 

paCT-fe 18-TH JTBTb. B'b CKOpOM"b BpeMCHH JIHHHblH COCTaBTj 6yACT"b 

yBe^Hnen-b ao 25000 nejiOB'BK'b. CoxpaHeHo cymecTBOBaBiuee em,e 
B'b HMnepaTopcKoe BpeMH pasA^eHie cpJiOTa Ha MopcKiH cTaHuin 
Ba/iTificKaro h CtBepHaro Mopefl. TjiaBHbiMH BoeHHHMH nopTaMH 
ocrajiHCb BHJibrejibMcracpeH-b h KH./ib . BnepBbie repMaHCKift 
(pjiorb o6«'iaAaerb Tenepb coSctbchhoh aBiauieft, oTcyTCTBie ko- 

171 



Topofl CTO^b rH6ejibHO OT03Ba^ocb Ha A'bHCTBiHX'b repMaHCKaro 

(p^lOTa BO BTOpyK) MipOBVK) BOHHy. KOMaHAyiOlUHM'b MOJIOAblM'b 

(pjioTOMt nepBOHaMajibHo 6uji'b Ha3HaMeHT> KanHTaHt 1-ro paHra 
UeHKep-b, ho uocjit npoH3HeceHHofi hmi> Ha uepeMOHin npHCsrH 

H0B06paHUeBt BTj BHJIbreJIbMCra^eH'fe ptMH, BT> KOTOpOH OHTj 

nopHuaji-b nojiHTHKy 3anaAHbix-b AepataB-b h Bbipawajit cboh 

CHMnaTJH KTj COB'BTaM'b, OH"b 6bIJIT> CHHTb Ch AOJI>KHOCTH H SaiWE- 

neHt KOHTp-b-aAMHpajioM-b Tyre, HenaBHo npoH3BeAeHHbiM"b bt> 
iiHu,e-aAMHpa^ibi, H3B-BCTHbiM-b eme bt> THT^epOBCKOe BpeMH CBO- 

HMH aHTH-HaUHCTCKHMH y6"BiKAeHiHMH. CHMnaTifl K"b COB-BTaM-b 

h BpajKAa ktj 3anaAy, Boo6uu,e, xapaKTepHa ajih repMaHCKaro KaA- 
poBaro ocpHuepcTBa: «PyccKie — BoeHHbie jiioah, ohh Haiwb 6^h- 
ace no Ayxy h cb hhmh Bawh BcerAa ^erne croBopHTbCH ; h-biut? 
cb 3anaAHHMH AeMOKpaTHnecKHMH TopramaMH» ■ — BecbMa pac- 
npocTpaHeHHoe cpeAH SToro ocpHuepcTBa mh-bhIc npHCTpaerie 

H-BMUeB-b KT> CJIOKHOH OpraHH3aUJH H K"b OrpOMHblM'b BOeHHbIM"b 

mTaSaMTj nojiynHjio jiHumee noATBep>KAeHie bi> opraHH3auJH 
iiiTa6a He6ojibmoro tpjioTa, cocTOHiuaro y>Ke H3-b 1 1 aAMMpajioB-b 
h 110 ocpHuepoB-b! 

flnOHCKJft CpJIOTTa, KatCb H repMaHCKjfi, SblJI'b nOJIHOCTbK) .TH- 

KBHAHpoBaH-b B-b 1945 roAy. B-b 1954-M-b roAy Hanajiocb ero bo3- 
powAeme, h bt> HacToawee BpeMH flnoHCKifi HMnepaTopcKift 

<t>JIOTb COCTOHTb H3T> 18-TH SCKaApeHHblXTj MHHOHOCUeB'b. H3"b 

KOTopbix-b 14 nocrpoeHbi B-b HnoHiH noo/rfe 1954 roAa, a 4 nepe- 

AaHbl CoeAHHeHHblMH LllTaTaMH, 4-X-b KOHBOHHblX-b MHHOHOCUeB'b, 

25 cpperaTOB"b, 2 noABOAHbix-b jiOAOK'b aiwepHKaHCKOH nocTpoft- 
kh, 2 mkhhuxtj 3arpaAHTejieft, 56 Tpajibiu.HKOB'b, 23 TopneAHbix-b 
KaTepoBij 135 CTopoKeBbix'b cyAOBt, 10 AecaHTHbix'b h 19 Bcno- 
MoraTeyibHbix'b cyAOBTb. B"b nocTpoHK-fc — 1 acKaAP- MHHOHOceu-b, 

3 KOHBOHHMX-b MHHOHOCUa, 4 nOABOAHblXTj JIOAKH, 3 TpajIblUHKa, 

1 TopneAHbiH KaTep-b h 1 TpaHcnoprb. KoMaHAyerb anoHCKHM-b 
(p^OTOM-b BHue-aAMHpaji-b Nagasawa. 

flnomn 3aHHMaeT-b ceftnacb nepBoe Bib Mip-fe m-bcto no toh- 
na>Ky erpoiomHxcH Ha en Bepcpax-b KOMMepnecKHX'b cyAOBi>. 
3th cyAa ctpohtch, KaKi> ajih co6cTBeHHaro ToproBaro (pJioTa, 
y^Ke nepepocmaro ToproBbifl (pjorb AO-BoeHHaro BpeiweHH, Taicb 
h a^ih HHOcrpaHHbix'b AepmaB-b. flnoHcirie cyAOCTpoHTe^bHbie 3a- 
boah 3aBa;ieHbi HHOCTpaHHbiMH 3aKa3a\iH — upHB^eKaerb 6bi- 

172 



CTpOTa H AeUICBH3Ha nOCTpOHKH. CTpOHTCH, npCHMyiUCCTBCIIIIO. 

TaHKepbi. 

H-BTTj HHKaKOTO COMH"BHifl Bt TOIWb, MTO flnOHJH, crapan Mop- 

CKaa aep>KaBa, Bee cymecTBOBaHie kotopoh t-bcho CBH3aHO ct> 

MOpeMTj, paHO HAH n03AHO B03CTaHOBHTb CBOe ncMOKefrie BCflH- 
KOH MOpCKOH AepjKaBW. 

HALUOHAJIbHblPi KMTAH (TAHBAHT>). 

<pjiOTh HauioHajibHaro KHTan npHHHMaji'b h npHHHMaerb ca- 
Moe A'bflTejibHoe ynacrie B"b bohh% npoTHB'b KpacHaro KHTan h 

BO BCfexis MHOrOMHCJieHHblXT. CTOJIKHOBeHJHX'b, HM'EBlUHX'b M"BCTO 

na Mop-fc, HeH3M-BHHO pa36HBajrb (pjiOT-b nocjrEAHHro. Ojioti. Ha- 
uioHajibHaro KHTaa Bceutjio cosAaH-b, o6yneH'b h CHa6)KeH'b aivre- 
pHKaHuaMH h cocTOHTb H3"b nepeAaHHbix-b KHTaio npoKHHxt aivie- 
pHKaHCKHX"b h anoHCKHx-b cyAOB-b. CoBpeMeHHbiH ero COCTaB'b: 
11 3CKaApeHHbix-b MHHOHOcueB-b, 6 cpperaTOB-b, 18 KopBeTOBt, 1 
mhhhhh 3arpaAHTejib, 17 Tpa.ibinHKOB'b, 18 HCTpe6HTejieft noAB. 
.lOAOK'b, 15 CTopoJKeBbixx> cyAOBT>, 49 ^ecaHTHbix-b H 20 BCnOMO- 
raTejibHbix"b h cneujajibHbix'b cyAOB-b. CbKHAaeTCH nepcuaHa Coe- 

AHHeHHblMH IllTaTaMH 2-3 nOflBOH,- JIOAOK'b. 

lOWHAfl KOPEH . . 

<t>.:iorb KDwHoii KopeH cb qecTbio BbiAepwajiT) 6oeBoe i<pc- 
meHie bo BpeMH bohhh cb CtBepHofi Kopeefi. KaKb h (Jmoti. 
HauioHa;ibHaro KHTan, (pjiorb K)>khoh KopeH co3AaH-b h o6yHein. 
aiwepHKaHuaMH. CyAOBoft ero COCTaB'b: 7 cpperaTOB-b, 17 Tpajib- 
iuhkobtj, 5 HCTpe6nTejieH noAB. JiOAOicb, 2 TopneAHbix-b KaTepa, 
15 CTopo/KeBbixTj cya.oB'b, 28 jxccamuux'b h 19 BcnoMoraTejibHbix'b 
cy^oBij. 0>KHAacTCJi nepeAana 2 xt> 9CKaAP- MHHOHocueB-b C.IIJ.A. 

MHAM • 

MOJIOAOH (JjJIOTb HHAiH pa3pOCCH BT> AOBOJIbHO 3HaMHTeJIb - 

Hyw SoeByio CHJiy. Ojiorb opraHHSOBaHTj no aurjiincKOMy o6pa3- 
uy, bcb ero cyAa KynjieHbi Ha aHrjiiflcKoft pacnpoAaK-fe hjih 
nocTpoeHbi Bis AHrjiiH no 3aKa3y HHAincKaro npaBHTejibCTBa. Co- 
BpeMeHHbift cyAOBoft COCTaB'b: 1 aBiaHoceu-b, 2 jierKHxt Kpeflcepa, 
5 acKaAp. MHHOHocua, 17 cppera-roB'b. 15 Tpa.JibniHKOB'b, 14 cto- 
povKeBbixij cyAOB-b, 3 Aecam-Hbix-b h 5 BcnoMoraTejibHbix'b cyAOB-b. 

173 



nAKMCTAHl) . 

H STOT-fa cpjiorb opraHHSOBairb no aHrjiiftcKOiwy o(5pa3iiy 11 
cocTOHT"b H3"b cyAOBis aHrjiiftcKaro npoHcxo)KfleHiH. CyaoBofi ero 
cocTaB-b: 1 jiernifl Kpeftcepi), 9 9CKa.ap. MHHOHOCu.eB'b, 3 (pperaTa, 
7 TpajibuiHKOB-b, 6 CTopo>KeBbix-b h 2 BcnoMoraTe^bHbix-b cyzma. 

HEHJIOHT>. 

2 cpperaTa, 2 TpajibiHHKa, 3 CTopoKeBbixi^ cyana, 1 CRTbeBoii 
sarpa^HTejib, 1 BcnoiworaTejibHoe h 4 cTopoKeBbix-b cy;ma crpo- 

HTCH BT> AHrJlJH. 

OE-bE£MHEHHAH APABCKAfl PECnyEJTMKA 
(EFMnETTj, CMPW) . 

J\0 2-ft MipOBOH BOHHbl (JwiOTb ErHnTa COCTOH-Tb H3"b H^BC- 
KOJIbKHX'b HXTb H CV^OB-b MaHMHarO B-feaOMCTBa, HO BOHHa Cb 

H3paHJieiwb h Aa.ibH'BHUjee noJiHTHnecKoe pa3BHTie 3acTaBH;io 
ErHnerb npnHHTb M-fepw ktj co3AaHiio 6oecnoco6Haro (pJiOTa. Bb 
nacTOHinee Bpeiwa cpjiorb 06'be^HHeHHbix'b Apa6cKHX'b Pecnyfi- 
,/iHK'b HacHHTbiBaerb btj cBoeM-b cy^oBOMt cocTaB-fe 2 acKa^p. MH- 

HOHOCUa 2 COB-BTCKOH H 2 aHrJliftCCKOH 'nOTpOHK'H, 1 KOHBOH- 

iii.ifi MMHOHOceu-b, 9 noaB. jio^oicb cob-btckoh nocTpoHKH, 2 (ppe- 
raia, 2 KopBeTa. 13 TpajibmHKOB'b, 32 TopneAHbix-b Kaiepa. 6 cto- 
po>KeBbix-b h 20 MejiKHx-b aecaHTHbix-b cyAOB-b, 5 BcnoMoraTe^b- 
HbixTb cy^oBij h 1 yqe6Hoe cvaho. 3to ywe6Hoe cy^HO "El Horria", 
6biBUjaH HXTa "Mahroussa" HBJiaeTCH caMbiiwb CTapbiiwb boch- 
Hbnvn> cy^HOM-b btj n.;iaBaniH bcbxtj cpjiOTOBt Mipa -- oho cny- 
iucho Ha Boay bt> 1865 roay, t. e. 96 Jityrb TOMy Ha3aA"b, ho 6mjo 
nepecTpoeHO bt> 1905, 1927 h 1951 ro,ay, Koi\a.a en nopuiHeBan 
MauiHHa 6wjia saiwBHeHa Typ6HHaMH TlapcoHa. ripe)KHie aHniii- 
CKie HHCTpyKTopa B-b 1956 roay 6hjih 3aiwBHenbi cob-btckhmh. 

H3PMiJ\b . 

MajieHbKifl (paorfc H3paHJin 3a 12 ;rhrb cBocro cymecreo- 
[laniH npoHBHJi-b qpe3BbinaHHO SHeprHMHyio A^HTejibHOCTb. Bis 
1949 rofly OH-b cb qecTbio BbiAepma^-b 6oeBoe KpemeHie bt> boh- 
hb npoTHBi. ErHnTa, B"b 1952 roay otphatj H3"b 3 tb-peraTOB-b 
noc-ETH.Tb CoeAHHeHHbie LLTraTbi; B-b 1955 ro^y OTpwb cy^OBi. 
H3paHjibCKaro cpjioTa yHacTBOBaji'b B"b cnacaTejibHbix-b paooTax-b 
bo Bpea 3eM^eTpnceHiH Ha rpenecKOM'b ocrpoBt Kecpa^oHia; bt> 

174 



1956 roAy H3paHJibCKifi (pJiOT-b CHOBa BOCBajrb npoTHB-b ErnnTa 
it nepeA"b flcpcpofi 3axBaTHJi"b cboh nepBwfl BoeHHbiH npna-b — 
erHneTCKifi kohbohhhh MHHOHocem> "Ibrahim el Awal". bkjik>- 
MeHHbift 3arBMT> bi> H3paHJibCKiH dpAOTb cb Ha3BaHieM"b "Haifa". 
OpraHH30BaHT> cpjiorb no aHrjiiflcKOiwy o6pa3uy. CyAOBoft ero 
cocTaB-b: 2 scnaAp. MHHOHOCua amviiHCKOH nocTpoffKH, 1 koh- 
bohhhh MHHOHOceu-b, 1 cpperarb, 2 noAB. jioakh aHn/iiHCKOH no- 

CTpOHKH, 1 HCTpe6HTe,1b nOAB. JIOAOK'b, 12 TOpneAHblXTj KaTepoB'b, 

6 cTopoJKeBbixb h 6 ^ecaHTHbix-b cyAOB-b h 2 BcnoMoraTe./ibHbix'b 
cyAHa. 

AOMMHMKAHCKAfl PECnYBJIMKA . 

CyAOBOH COCTaB-b (pJIOTa, BCeirfejIO C03AaHHbIH AHKTaTOpOMT. 

Trujillo: 2 acKaap. MHHOHOcua, 3 (pperaTa, 5 KopBeTOB'b, 3 HCTpe- 
CHtejiH noAB. JiOAOK-b, 12 CTopo»ceBbixTj, 7 AecaHTHbix-b h 6 Bcno- 
MoraTejibHbix'b cyAOB-b h 1 ywe6Hoe cyAHO. 

HHiIOHE3Ifl . 

CyAOBoft cocTaBi.: 5 3CKaApeHHHX*b MHHonocneBb (2 co- 

BTjTCKOH, 2 HTaJIbHHCKOH H 1 aHrVlJHCKOH nOCTpOHKH), 2 KOpBCTa, 

2 nOABOAHIJH JIOAKH COB-BTCKOH nOCTpOHKH, 19 TpajIblUHKOBTj, 

3 HCTpe6HTejiH noAB. jioaokt>, 8 TopneAHbixi. KaTepoB'b, 82 cto- 
poKeBbixTj cyAHa, 9 BcnoivioraTe./ibHbix'b cyAOB-b h 1 yne6Hoe cyA- 
ho. Bt> nocTpoHK-B: 2 (pperaTa, 6 TpajibiuHKOBij h okojio 50-th 

CTOpO>KeBbIX'b CyAOB"b IIOCJI'EAHiH CTpOHTCH B~b flnOHJH. CyAO- 

boh cocTaB-b no KpaftHOCTH necTpuft: noMHMO cyAOB-b, KynjieH- 
Huxt y AHrviiH, CoeAHHeHHbix'b LUTaTOBt h CoBtiTCKaro CoK>3a, 
hm"bk)tch cyAa, 3aKa3aHHbiH nocTpoftKoft B"b repMainH, ro.;LianAiH, 
HTajiiH, ABCTpajiin h flnoHin. ripe>KHie rojuiaimcKie HHCTpyKTopa 
p.aMtHeHbi B-b noc.TBAHec Bpeiwa cob-etckhmh. 

d>njinnnnHbi . 

Ma^eHbKift cpH,/iHnnHHCKiM (Jyiorb co3Aairb aMcpHKaimaMii. 
CyAOBoft ero cocTaBb: 14 TpaJibiUHKOB'b, 28 cTopo>KeBi>ix-b cy- 
aoB-b, 7 AecaHTHbix-b h 9 BcnoMoraTejibHbix-b cvaobtj. B"b flnonin 
?,aKa3ano 2 hobijxtj ipperaTa. 

ByPMA . 

QjioTh BypMbi opranH30BaH"b aHrjinnaHaiviH. Coctohtt> owb 
H3T> 1 (pperaTa, 2 Tpa;ibin,nK0B"b, 9 TopneAHbix-b KaTepoB'b, 30 

175 



CTopcoKeBwx-b cyAOBt, 13 p-bmibix-b KajioucpcKHX'b jioaokt. h 4 

^eCaHTHblXTj CyAOB'b. Bis nOCTpOHK-B 2 p-feMHblH KaHOHepCKJH 

.10AKH. 

BbETHAJVTb . 

BbeTHaMCKift cpjiorb co3Aawb (ppaHuy3aMH h bcb ero cyaa 
c|)paHity3CKaro npoHcxomAemH. CynoBoft cocTaBi>: 5 Tpa.ibinH- 

KOB-b, 5 HCTpe6HTejieft IIOAB. JIOAOK'b, 6 CTOpOKCBblX'b cyaoBTa, 

1 TpaHcnopTT. h 1 npoM-fepHoe cy/mo. 
36IOnifl . (ABMCCMHm) 

6 TpajIblll.HKOB'b, 14 TOpiICAHblX'b Kai'CpOBI,, 1 CTOpU/KCBI.IX'b 

cyAHa, 1 TpaHcnopTi), 1 HMnepaTopcKan axTa. 

MajieHbKie cpjioTbi KaM6oA>KH, TaHbi, Majiai'iH, HnrepiH, 
innTCMajii>i, MpjiaHAiH, McjiaHAin, JIc6anoHa, MapoKKo h Tymica 
cocTOHT'b H3TD HeMHorHxt MejiKHxt cya.OB'b, nepeMHCJieHie KOHX"b 
ne npeACTaBJineT-b HHTepeca. 




mil 11 mi in ii 1 1 mi it i ii in mi i in 1 1 !.n in ;ih:iiimi fill nil i iiiilllillillillllliillllltni 

„B03PG^gi;EHIE a 

„LA RENAISSANCE" 
JlHTepaTypHO-nojiHTHwecKin TeTparjH 

PeAaKuin, KOHTopa, noAriHCKa h npoAawa OTfltjibHbixT. iioiwepoBi, 

73, Av. des Champs-Elysee 

PARIS, FRANCE. 
ripCACTaBHTe^b B"b Hbio lopfCfe : 

Mr. Peter E. Stogoff 

89-30, 164th St., Jamaica 32, L. I. 

New York. 

IIIIIIIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllMlllllllllltlllillllllllllllllllllllllMMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIilHIIIIIIIIMIMIIIIIII 

176 



EHEJIIOrP AOIfl 



Kmo co3dcuih Jjpeewow Pycb 
— cjiaenne ujiu zepManijbi? 



rioA'b TaKHMb 3ai\7iaBieivrb B'b wypHa.rfe «Bo3po>KAeHie» orb 
AeKa6pH 1960 r. J6109, aBTop-b Ceprtft JltcHoft 3HaKOMHrb Hacb 
ci> Bonpocoiwb o «HopiviaHACKOH TeopiH». 

ABTop-b MHoro ji-bttj 3aHHMa^CH HsywemeM-b ApeBHeft pyc- 
ckoh HCTopiH, rjiaBnbiiwb o6pa3o;wb Bonpocoiwb o TeopiH npo- 
HCXOKAemH PycH. 

Cor^acHO 3toh TeopiH, «HopiviaHbi», t. e. njieivteHa repMaHCKa- 
ro kophh, HBHJiHCb B'b YIII-X b-bk-e Ha Pycb h o6pa30BajiH nepBoe 
pyccKoe rocyAapcTBo. CymecTByerb ab% Bepcin «HopMaHACKoft» 
Teopin: OAHa H3i> HHJcb, mto ApeBHHH CBBepHaa Pycb 6biJia 3aBo- 
eBaHa HopMaHaMH 3aAOJiro ao npH3BaHin BapnroBTj; Apyraa — 
mto OHa 6bi^a mhpho 3ace;ieHa ihbcackhmh kojiohhct3mh. 

PyccKaa oSmecTBeHHCTb co uiKOJibHoft CKaMbH iipHBHKJia 
iipHHHMaTb 9Ty TeopiH 6e3T. BcaKHxi) coMK^Hifl, Taicb nam? yne6- 

HHKH, BHXOAHBUlie nOA"b KOHTpOJieM'b npaBHTejibCTBa. yKa3MBa- 

."ih Ha «npH3BaHie BaparoB-b* Kaicb Ha Haqa.io rocyAapcTBeHHOCTH, 
OKa3aBUjee B'b AajibH-EfimeM-b BjiiflHie Ha KyjibTypy ApeBHeft Pycn. 

HCTOpifl 6opb6bI «HOpMaHAHCTOBT>» H «aHTHHOpMaHAH- 

CTOB"b» — 3to AOJirift h cepbe3Hbift cnop"b B'b hhcto atOAeMH- 

MCCKOft nJIOCKOCTH, O KOTOpOMTj pyCCKafl o6meCTBeHHOCTb 6buia 

noHTH-MTo coBepiueHHO HeocB-feAOMJieHa. B'b HuocTpaHHbix'b y^e- 
Hux'b TpyAax-b h sHUHK./ioneAiflX'b HCTopia ApeBHeft PycH TOJiKy- 

C'TCH B'b AyX"B «H0pMaHACK0li» TCOpiH, TaKt KaKT> OCHOBOnOJIO>K- 

HHKaMH ea 6bi.?iH yweHbie H'feMU.bi, KOTopwe B'b kohu.'e XVIII cto- 

.TBTJH He 3HaJIH H COTOft AO.JIH TOrO, MTO H3BTdCTHO B'b HaCTOHIH.ee 

epeiMH. 

177 

M3 12 



Bt> CBoefl CTaTbl5 CeprfeH JTbchoh 3H3komhtx. HHTaTejia cb 

pHAOMT> CpaKTOBTj, HeH3B , BCTHbIX'b IHHpOKOH ny6jIHK'fe, H OnpOBep- 

raerb «HopMaHACKyK)» Teopiio u-fejiUM-b pHAOiwb y6fcjun£JibHux-b 
AOKasaTejibCTB-fa. Ero aHa^H3 r b pnAa ApeBHHXTj jitTonHcefl, KaKt 

pyCCKHXTj, TaiCb H HHOCTpaHHblX'b, yKa3bIBaerb Ha HeCOCTOHTejIb- 
HOCTb 3T0H TeOpiH. Blj pe3yjIbTaT-B MHOrOJrBTHHX-b H3bICKaHlH H 

H3y4eHift aBTopij npHiuejrb Kt 3aKJiK)HeHiio, hto hh xpohhkh 3a- 
na^a, hh HapoAHaa h AHHacTHnecKan naMHTb, hh jiereHAH 3anaAa 
He coxpaHH^H Aa)Ke HaivieKOBT. o 3aBoeBaHiH PycH HopMaHaMH 
hjih Ao6poBOJibHOMT> npnrjiauieHiH hjih nepecejieHin. Bee hto 
3Haerb HayKa o HaHajrfe Pycn b3hto H3-b pyccKHXT. HCTOHnHKOB-b, 

HaCTO HeB-fepHO nOHHTHX-b H HCTOJIKOBaHHHX'b. 

HopMaHACKaa Teopia ocHOBbiBaeTCH, rjiaBHbiM-b o6pa30M"b, 
Ha AByxt apryiweHTax-b: 1. — npH3BaHin HopMaHACKaro khh3h 
PiopHKa h ero AByx-b CpaTbeB-b CHHeyca h TpyBopa KHH>KHTb bt> 

HoBrOpOA"fe H, 2. HTO PlOpHK-b KHHWHJTb B"b BapflWCKOM'b njie- 

MeHH Pycb. 

Flo nepBOMy nyHKTy. ouiH6oHHOCTb «HopMaHACKoft» TeopiH 
noATBep^AaeTCH h IoaKHMOBCKoft Ji"BTonHCbio, rjiacnmeft hto cy- 
LuecTBOBaBiuaH bt> HoBropoA"fe 3aAOJiro ao npH3BaHia BaparoB-b 
AHHacTia npeKpaTHJiacb nocjrfe CMepTH khh3h TocTOMbicjia, He 

HlWBBIHarO HaC^T3AHHKOBT> nO My>KCKOH JIHHiH, H HTO nOCJTB AO.T- 

thxtj HeypHAHUT> KHHseiwb 6biji'b BbiSpaH-b PropHKTj. Ceprtft Jltc- 

HOH yKa3bIBaeTb, HTO PlOpHICb 6bIJTb CJiaBHHHHOM'b H OAHHM"b 
H3Tj BHyKOB'b ToCTOMblCJia nO MaTepHHCKOH JIHHJH. ,D[o6aBOHHbIM'b 

noATBep>KAeHieMTb HBjiaeTCH 3anHcaHHoe cppaHuy3CKHM-b H3Cirfe- 
AOBaTe^eiwb MapMbe, cpeAH n-bceH-b h JierenAb. npeAaHie o npn- 
3BaHin Ha Pycb Tpex"b chhobch khh3h c^asHH-b-oSopoAHHeH, Toa- 
.TOBa. 

no BTopoiwy nyHKTy, o6"b STHHnecKOM'b npoHCxo>KAeHiH n.ie- 
mchh Pycb h ero reorpa^HnecKOM-b nojiowemH, JTbchoh yKa3bi- 
Baerb, hto «Pycb» bo BpeMH npH3BaHJH h bt> Teneme nocrfeAyK)- 

LUHX'b CTOJTBTiH 6bIJia H3B'ECTHa nOA"b pHAOlWb Ha3BaHin: PyTeHin. 

PycHHin h PyreHia. Pycb — 6ujio 3anaAHO-c.raBHHCKoe njieiwa, jkhb- 
mee TorAa no Seperaiw-b BajiTiftcKaro Mopjt, orb ycTbH 3jib6bi ao 
ocTpoBa PyrHHia (TenepeuiHift PioreH-b). PyrHHbi hjih PycHHbi 
6bMH o6pameHbi btd xpHCTiaHCTBO EnHCKonoivrb Ottohomtj BaM- 

6eprCKHM-b. >KHTbe 3TOrO CBHTOrO OTHOCHTCH KTj nOJIOBHH-B XII 
CTOJI'BTiH. 

178 



yCTaHaBJIHBaa, WTO PropHK-b SblJTb C.JiaBHHHHOM'b H npoHexo- 

Ahjit> h3t> cjiaBHHCKaro KHHwecKaro poAa h hto KHHJKecTBo Pycb 
6mjio 3anaAHO-cjiaBHHCKHMTj KHH>KecTBOM'b, Jl-fecHOH onpoBepra- 

CTb B03MO>KHOCTb paCnpOCTpaHeHifl Mepe3t PlOpHKa HOpMaHACKOH 

KyjibTypu Ha Pycn. FIomhmo BbimeH3jio>KeHHaro, Ceprbft JI^c- 
Hoft npHBOAHrb B'b 3aiuHTy «aHTH-HopMaHACKoft» TeopiH pH/Tb 

BblBOAOB'b, OCHOBaHHbIX"b Ha pyCKHXTj JI'BTOnHCHX'b H HCTOpHHeC* 

KHx-b AOKyMeHTOB"b 3anaAa. 

KocBeHHbiH yKa3aHia, Aaromin AonojiHH-rejibHbm noATBep>K- 
ACHin npoS^eMbi. HaxoAfiTca h B'b apxeojiorHwecKHX'b H3CJi"bAO- 
BaHinx*b. PacKonKH KypraHOB-b ApeBHeft PycH B'b kopht> onpo- 
BepraroT'b «HopinaHACKyjo» Teopiio, TaK'b KaKt bt> hhxtj He 6mjio 
o6Hapy>KeHO npeAMeTOB'b 3anaAHO-eBponeftcKaro nponcxoiKAe- 
nin h THn"b norpe6eHia BOCTOHHbix'b G/iaBHH'b oiviHHaeTCH orb 
CKaHAHHaBCKaro. Oco6oe BHHMame sacjiy^KHBaerb, KaK"b OTcyT- 

CTBie B'b pyCCKOlkTb H3bIK-B CJI'BAOB'b CKaHAHHaBCKOH nHCbMeHHO- 

th h c^oB-b, TaK-b h oTcyTCTBie B'b ApeBHeft PycH nocTpoeK-b CKaH- 
AHHaBCKaro rana. 

He HIVTBH Bt>3MO>KHOCTH, B'b STOIWb KOpOTKOMTj o630p'B, OXBa- 
THTb BCE HHTepeCHblH AdaJIH CTaTbH CepnBH JI-BCHOrO, HHTaTC/IK) 

peKOMeHAyeTCH 03HaKOMHTbca cb STofl CTaTbeft B'b opHrHHajrfc. 



PeAaKuiefi no^yneHbi a^ih OT3biBa HHJKec.Ji'BAyiom.iH H3AaHin: 

1. "Flottentaschenbuch" Ha 1961 -ft roA-b, BbinyuieH-b H3Aa-rejib- 
CTBoiwb J. F. Lehmann B,b MioHxenfe noAt peAaKujeft KanHTaHa 
2-ro paHra AjieKcaHApa BpeATb. 384 cTpaHHUbi TeKCTa, 282 <po- 
TorpacpiH, 1023 Hep-re^ca. 

CyAOBoft cocTaB-b (JwioTOB-b 3a noc^-BAHie roAH KopeHHbiM'b 

06pa30M'b H3M^,HHJICH. BoeBblXl. Cp-'IOTOB'b B'b npOKHeMl) CMHCJI'k 

SToro c^OBa, t. e. (p^OTOB'b ajih BeAema acKaApeHHaro 6oh, 6oJib- 
uie H'BT'b. J\ax.e ABa cyuiecrByiomHX'b em,e 6ojibuiHX'b tpjiOTa — ■ 
CoeAHHeHHbix-b LLh-aTOB-b h CoB-feTCKaro Coio3a — ctpohtch h 
oSynaioTCH He a^ih acKaApeHHaro 6oh, a a^ih pHAa Apyrax-b 3a- 
Aam^: aMepHKaHCKift a^h o6e3neneHiH cbo6oam MopcKHxt coo6- 

UieHift, 60Db6bI npOTHBTj HenpiflTejIbCKHX-b nOABOAHblX-b JIOAOKT> 
H HaABOAHblX'b KOpcapOBT., npOH3BOACTBa KpynHbIX"b AecaHTHbix-b 

onepaujft h o6crpTwia HenpiflTejibCKHxi> 6a3T3 npH nocpeACTBls 

nOABOAHblX-b H HaABOAHblX'b CyAOB"b, BOOpyjKeHHblX-b 6aJI^HCTH- 

179 



wecKHMH CHapHAaMH, a cob-etckJh ajih Hana^eHia Ha Henpifliejib- 
ckjh MopcKia coo6m,eHiH h yHHm-oweHin MopcKoro TpaHcnopTa 
HenpiHTejibCKHX'b CTpaH-b. Kor^a-TO MorymecrBenHbie cpJiOTbi Ah- 
rjiiH, <t>paHLUH h HTajiiw noTepjuiH npe>KHee cBoe 3Ha>-ieHie. a co- 
BepiueHHO yHHWTO)KeHHbie no OKOHMaHiio 2-ofi MipoBoft bohhbi, 
(pjiOTbi TepMaHiH h flnoHiH Me^JieHHo npo6y>KAaK)TCH K"b hoboh 

KH3HH. H'BT'b TaiOKe H npejKHflrO OAH006pa3ifl B"b OU.'EHK'E Ba>K- 
HOCTH H Heo6xOAHMOCTH OTA'fejIbHHX'b THnOB'b 6oeBbIXTD CyAOB'b. 

MejK^y TtMi, KaKi> eme bo BpeMH 2-oft MipoBoft bohhw bcb 60- 
eBbie (pjiOTbi coctojuih Hat jiHHeftHbix'b KopaSjieft, aBiaHocueBij, 
THJKejibix-b h jierKHx-b KpeftcepoB-b, 3CKaAP- mhhohocucbt. h noA- 
boahhxtj jioaoki., cb H-BKOTopbiMTD npeo6jiaAaHieM'b Toro win 
Apyroro THna CyAOB'b b^ oTA'bjibHbix'b (pjioiaxi), bt> HacToamee 

BpeMfl MO>KHO pa3JIHHaTb ABa pa3JIH4HbIX'b HanpaBJieHJH BT> OU.'BH- 
K'B SoeBoro 3HaqeHisi OTA'fejibHbix'b THnOB'b BoeHHbix'b CyAOB'b, 
AB"B «uiKOJibi» — aiwepHKaHCKyio h coB-BTCKyio. AiwepHKaHCKaH 
«uiKOJia» CHHTaeT-b Ba^KH-BHiuHMH THnaMH SoeBbix-b CyAOB'b TH- 
mejihie aBiaHocuw, paKerabie Kpeftcepa h cyAa ajih 6opb6w ci. 
noABOAHMMH jiOAKaiuH; bt> nocji'BAHee BpeMH Sojibiuoe 3HaMeHie 
npHAaeTCH TaiOKe aTOMHHM'b noABOAHbiM-b JioAKaiwb, BoopyweH- 

HbllWb 6ajIJIHCTHHeCKHMH CHapHAaMH. Kt aMepHKaHCKOH «UJKOJI'fe» 

npHHaA.ne)Karb: AHrjiia, KaHaAa, ABcrpajiifl h omacTH OpaHUJH. 

HaoSopOTTj, COB-BTCKaH «LUKO.!ia» CMHTaerb Ba>KH'EHUJHM'b TH- 

noiwb BoeHHaro cyAHa noABOAHyio JiOAKy Aa^ibHaro AtftcTBia; 
Sojibuuoe 3HaneHie npHAaeTCH TaioKe 6bicrpoxoAHbiM'b Kpeflce- 

paM'b-KOpCapaM'b H KpynHblM'b 3CKaApeHHbIM"b MHHOHOCU.aM'b CT> 

CHjibHUM-b TopneAHbiMi. BOopyjKeHieM'b — 10 mhhhhmh annapa- 
TaMH 21". (HoB-BHiuie aiviepHKaHCKie acnaAp. mhhohocuh cob- 

CBM"b He HM'BIOT'b TOpneA'b A^IH aTaKH HaABOAHblXTj CyAOB'b, 2l 

TOJibKO CHjibHoe npoTHBOJiOAOMHoe BOopy>KeHie, BKjnonaH h cne- 
uiajibHMH TopneAbi, paneTHoe h He6ojibiuoe apTHJuiepiftcKoe bo- 
opymeHie. HBJiHHCb, B-b cym,HOCTH, yme He acKaApeHHbiMH mhho- 

HOCU,aMH, a KpynHblMH HCTpeSHTeJIHMH nOABOAHblX'b JIOAOK-b). 

ABiaHocubi >Ke stoh mKOJioft coBepiueHHo He npH3HaK>TCH, He 

CTpOHTCH, CMHTaiOTCH yCTaptjIWMH H npH COBpeMeHHOM'b COCTOfl- 

hih SoeBofl aBiau,iH, HeHyjKHbiiwb THnoMTj cyAOBi. noc^-BAOBa- 

TCJIHMH 3T0H UJKOJIbI MOWHO CHHTaTb UlBeUJIO, HiajIK), H, OTHaCTH, 

TojiJiaHAiK) h 6oji-Be KpynHbm KWKHO-aMepHKaHCKia AepacaBbi. 

nOHBHJICH AJIHHHblft pHA"b (pJIOTOB-b HOBblXT) TOCyAapCTB-b, 

H3-b kotophxt. H-feKOTopbie, Kant (Jmotm HhaIh h KpacHaro Kh- 

TaH, >'>Ke BI.ipOCJIH BTj AOBOJIbHO 3HaWHTejlbHyK) 6oeBVK) CHJiy. 

180 



Bcfe 3TH KpynHHH HSMtHeHiH nOJIHOCTbK) yWTeHbl COCTaBHTe- 

aeMis Flottentaschenbuch h H3jio>KeHbi c"b o6pa3UOBOH towho- 

CTbK) H HCHOCTbK). 

HHTepeCHblM'b H nOjieSHblM-b HOBIIieCTBOM'b HBJISHOTCH Ta6jIH- 

Ubi CH^yaTOB-b SoeBbix-b cyAOBTb jinn 6biCTparo h JierKaro HX'b 
ono3HaHia. CyAa B-b 9toh Ta6.AHu.-E pacnojioweHbi He no rocyaap- 
CTBaM-b, a no THnaM-b: aBiaHocubi, jiHHeftHbie Kopa6jin, Kpeflcepa, 

3CKa^p. MHHOHOCUbl, MHHHbie 3arpaAHTejIH H TpajIbUJ,HKH. 

2. "L'Enigme des Sous-Marins Sovietiques", par lieutenant de 
Vaisseau Clode Huah- 

ABTopt, caM-b cneuiajiHCTTj-noABOAHHKTj. AaeT-b nojiHoe onH- 
caHie bcbxtj a-bhctbIh coB-fe-rcKHx-b noABOAHbixt jiOAOK'b bt> Baji- 

TifiCKOM'b, MepHOMTj H B-fejIOM-b MOpHX"b H BT> JIeAOBHTOM"b OKea- 

irb 3a 2-yro MipoByio BOHHy. rio^b30Bajica aBTop-b h cob-btckhmh 

HCTOHHHKaMH, BeCbMa yM^JIO H OCTOpO)KHO H3BJieKafl H3"b HHXT> 
BCt TOHHblH H npOB"fepeHHbIH CBfiAHiH H OT6paCbIBafl B"b CTOpOHy 
BCe, CTOJIb THnHMHOe AJIH COBtTCKHXl. H3AaHift, 6aXBa^bCTBO H 

nponaraHAy. KHHra cHa6>KeHa HHTepecHbiMH HMiocTpauiHMH — 

CHHMKaMH COB-fcTCKHX-b nOABOAHblXl. JIOAOlCb, HX'b KOMaHAHpOBTj 
H aAMHpa./IOB'b nOABOAHHKOB-b. 

Bcero cob-btckhmh noAB. jiOAKaMH Shjio noTon^eHO 292 082 
tohhh HenpiflTe^bCKaro TOHHa)Ka, mto paBHaeTCH 10% repMaH- 
CKaro ToproBaro (paoTa. Cob-etm noTepujin 74 noAJiOAKH — 15 
B-b ,/IeAOBHTOM'b oKeaH-fe, 39 B-b Bajn-iftcKOM-b h 20 B-b MepHoiwb 
Mopt, t. e. 27% CBoero cocTaBa. 

Coo6iuhjit> K. (|)oni> HoT6eK-b. 



EiKeMhcfl'iiiaii i?oenno-HanioiiajibiiaH ra3eTa 

^B-BCTHHKb" 

11-bm rOA1> M3AAHIA 
riOAt PEAAKUIEM A. A. rEPMHfb 

IlpeACTaBHTejib B-b CILIA : 

T. MfcciiHCBb 1348 Sheridan Ave., Bronx 56, N. Y. 

I lo.iiiiKiiasi u%Ha cb nepecbMKOH 

Ha roAT. $ 2.40 . 



181 



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31 mjiH 1911 r. Bt neTep6yprB, Ha AHn/iiftcKOH Ha6epe>KH0H. 
coBepiuHJiocb ocBHineHie Xpaivia-naMHTHHKa, B03ABHrHyTaro bt> 

naMHTb MOpHKOB-b. >KH3Hb CBOIO OTAaBLUHX'b 3a POAHHy BT> BOHHy 

Cb flnoHiefi, ajih b-bmhoh mojihtbm o6"b hxt> ynoKoemH. 

XpaMl., BT> ApeBHe-pVCCKOM'b-Cy3AaJIbCKOM'b CTH^-B, 6bI„Tb 

B03ABHrHyTi) Ha cpe^CTBa MjieHOB'b UapcKofl CeMbH, poACTBeH- 

HHKOB'b nOrHSlHHX'b H HapOAHHH noKepTBOBanin. 

Ha crBHax-b xpaiwa HaxoAHJiHCb aockh cb HiweHaMH bcbxt* 
MHHOB-b cpJioTa h Kopa6jieft, norH6iHHx-b Bt pyccKO-nnoHCKyio 
RoflHy 1904-05 r.r. 

8 MapTa 1932 r. XpaM'b-naMHTHHK'b 6burb B3opBaH-b h yHH- 

HTO>KeHT> COB'BTCKHM'b npaBHTejIbCTBOM"b. 

EAHHCTBeHHOH COXpaHHBUieHCH pejIHKBJefi HBJIHeTCH npHHaA- 

jie>KaBuiee XpaMy-FIaMHTHHKy Cb. EBaHrejiie, no>KepTBOBaHHoe 
bt> naMHTb norHSuiHX'b Ha sck. 6poHeHOCu/B «HMnepaTopi> AjieK- 
caHAP"fa IH», HaftAeHHoe B-b Hbio-KopK-fe B-b 1933 r. h HaxoAnmeecH 
Tenepb bt> XpaMt XpHCTa CnacHTejin B-b Hbio-PaopK-B, no>KepTBO- 
BaHHoe B. C. MaKapoBbiM-b. 

IIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllinillllllllllllllMllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllMIIIIIIIMIIMIIIlllllllMMIIIIlMMII I 

BbiuiJia h nocTynHJia bt> npOAawy KHHra 
KOHTp-b-aAMHpa^a C. H. THMHpeBa 

« BOCnOMMHAHIfl MOPCKOm 0<DHU,EPA » 

BAflTIMCKlit *J10Tb BTj BOMHY M PEBOJUOUIK) 
1914-1918 

J\jih npioSp-BTaiOLUHX'b KHHry nepest «MopcKiH 3anHCKH» 

U+iHa 2.50 cb nepecbijiKoft. 

UtiHa ch nepecbMKOH — 3.00 

(JXJIH MOpCKOH CeMbH — 2.50) 

noAnncKa npHHHMaeTCH y: 
S- V. Glad, 3604 Broadway, New York 31, N. Y. 
G. C- Dvorjitsky, 634 West 135th St. New York 31, N. Y. 
Y. V- Solovieff, 75 East 93rd Street, New York 28, N. Y. 
G. N- Taube, 465 Lexington Ave., New York 17, N. Y. 
W. W- Skriabine, 181-ter Avenue de Clichy, Paris 17. 

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIHtlllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIHIIHMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII. 

182 




Ha6opt h THcueHic THnorpa<piii "MoHacTfaipCKan neMarb". Monpea.ib. KaHa,Ta. 
Printed by "Monastery Press", 8601, BloomfieJd Ave. Montreal, Que. Canada.
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